Control method and control system for conveyor belt
The control method and system for conveyor belts adjust speed based on real-time item monitoring to prevent pressure and collisions by varying between synchronized and maximum speeds, ensuring precise control and reducing item pressure.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/103133
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-08
AI Technical Summary
Conveyor belts in automated production lines experience pressure buildup between accumulated items, leading to potential damage due to friction and increased pressure.
A control method and system that adjusts the conveyor belt's speed based on real-time monitoring of vacant spaces and item input/output, using sensors and a controller to vary speed between synchronized and maximum speeds to prevent pressure and collisions.
Effectively reduces pressure between items on the conveyor belt, preventing extrusion and collision by precise speed control.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024103133_08012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CONTROL METHOD AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CONVEYOR BELTTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of automatic control, and in particular, relates to a control method and control system for a conveyor belt.BACKGROUND
[0002] In an automated production line, a conveyor belt is typically arranged between two pieces of equipment, which transfers items from preceding equipment to subsequent equipment. During items conveying, the items often accumulate at a tail end of the conveyor belt, waiting to enter the subsequent equipment. Friction generated by the conveyor belt during operation creates pressure between the accumulated items. As the number of accumulated items increases, the pressure between the items intensifies, which potentially leads to damage.SUMMARY
[0003] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a control method for a conveyor belt, which is capable of effectively reducing the pressure between items on the conveyor belt.
[0004] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a control system for a conveyor belt, which is capable of effectively reducing the pressure between items on the conveyor belt.
[0005] The present disclosure provides a control method for a conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt is driven by a motor. The method includes:
[0006] S10, acquiring a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt;
[0007] S20, acquiring a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt;
[0008] S30, acquiring a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, wherein the number of vacant items is an item quantity obtained by subtracting a number of items that are currently on the conveyor belt from a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; and
[0009] S40, controlling the motor based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items; wherein when the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.
[0010] The control method for the conveyor belt according to the present disclosure monitors in real time the number of vacant items on the conveyor belts and adjusts in real time the running speed of the conveyor belt based on the number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, such that the conveyor belt is controlled at a maximum precision, the pressure between the items is reduced, and the extrusion and collision between the items are effectively prevented.
[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, S30 includes:
[0012] S31, acquiring a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt;
[0013] S32, acquiring a number of items that enter the conveyor belt;
[0014] S33, acquiring a number of items that are output from the conveyor belt; and
[0015] S34, calculating the number of vacant items based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.
[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, S31 includes:
[0017] S311, acquiring an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt;
[0018] S312, acquiring an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt; and
[0019] S313, acquiring the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.
[0020] In some exemplary embodiments, in S32 and S33, counters are respectively arranged at head and tail ends of the conveyor belt, and the number of items that enter the conveyor belt and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt are acquired by the counters.
[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the counters are photosensors, proximity sensors, visual acquisition devices, or weighing devices.
[0022] In some exemplary embodiments, S40 includes:
[0023] S41, determining whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0;
[0024] S42, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0;
[0025] S43, determining whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0;
[0026] S44, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; and
[0027] S45, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas: V=α*X*KM+VB; X= (VM-VB) / NM;
[0028] wherein V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient.
[0029] The present disclosure provides a control system for a conveyor belt. The system includes a motor, a frequency converter, and a controller. The motor is configured to drive the conveyor belt. The frequency converter is capable of controlling a rotation speed of the motor based on a control signal. The controller is communicably connected to the frequency converter. The controller is configured to be capable of acquiring a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt, a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt, and a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt. The controller is further configured to be capable of sending a control signal to the frequency converter based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time to control a rotation speed of the motor, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items. When the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.
[0030] The system method for the conveyor belt according to the present disclosure monitors in real time the number of vacant items on the conveyor belts and adjusts in real time the running speed of the conveyor belt based on the number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, such that the conveyor belt is controlled at a maximum precision, the pressure between the items is reduced, and the extrusion and collision between the items are effectively prevented.
[0031] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is configured to be capable of acquiring the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt, and calculating the number of vacant items based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.
[0032] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is configured to be capable of inputting an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt and an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt, and calculating the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.
[0033] In some exemplary embodiments, the system further includes a pair of counters respectively arranged at head and tail ends of the conveyor belt, wherein the controller is communicably connected to the counters, and acquires the number of items that enter the conveyor belt and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt by the counters.
[0034] In some exemplary embodiments, the counters are photosensors, proximity sensors, visual acquisition devices, or weighing devices.
[0035] In some exemplary embodiments, the system includes a plurality of motors, a plurality of frequency converters, and a plurality of pairs of counters, and the system further includes two redundantly configured switches, and the controller is communicably connected to the frequency converters via the switches.
[0036] In some exemplary embodiments, the system further includes an input / output module, wherein the counters are communicably connected to the input / output module, and the controller is communicably connected to the input / output module via the switches.
[0037] In some exemplary embodiments, the system further includes a man-machine interface device, wherein the man-machine interface device is communicably connected to the controller via the two switches, and is capable of inputting information to the controller.
[0038] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is configured to: determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0; determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; and control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas: V=α*X*KM+VB; X= (VM-VB) / NM;
[0039] wherein V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] The accompanying drawings are merely for schematic and illustrative description and demonstration of the present disclosure, instead of limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt;
[0043] FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt;
[0044] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt;
[0045] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a control system for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0046] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a control system for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0047] Reference numerals and denotations thereof:
[0048] 10-Motor
[0049] 20-Frequency converter
[0050] 30-Controller
[0051] 40-Counter
[0052] 50-Switch
[0053] 60-Input / output module
[0054] 70-Man-machine interface deviceDETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0055] For clearer descriptions of the technical features, objects, and the technical effects of the present disclosure, the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals denote elements having the same structure or having the similar structure but the same function.
[0056] In this text, the term "exemplary" or "schematic" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration, " and any illustration or embodiment described herein as "exemplary" shall not be necessarily construed as preferred or advantageous over other illustrations or embodiments.
[0057] For brevity, parts relevant to the present disclosure are merely illustrated in the drawings, and these parts do not denote the actual structure of the product.
[0058] FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control method for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the conveyor belt is driven by a motor, and the method includes the following steps.
[0059] In S10, a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt is acquired. Specifically, the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time may be acquired by accessing the controller of the equipment. Where the controller is not accessible, the number of items may be acquired by arranging a photoelectric counter or a proximity sensor at an entrance of the equipment.
[0060] In S20, a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt is acquired. The maximum running speed of the conveyor belt is determined by the conveyor belt and the usage scenario, which may be provided by the manufacturer of the conveyor belt or may be measured on site.
[0061] In S30, a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt is acquired, wherein the number of vacant items is an item quantity obtained by subtracting a number of items that are currently on the conveyor belt from a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt. Referring to FIG. 2, in some exemplary embodiments, S30 includes the following steps S31 to S34.
[0062] In S31, a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt is acquired. The maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt may be provided by the manufacturer of the conveyor belt. Nevertheless, due to different types of items on the conveyor belt, in some exemplary embodiments, the maximum number of items may also be measured on site. FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt. Referring to FIG. 3, S31 includes the following steps S311 to S313.
[0063] In S311, an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt is acquired. Specifically, the dimension of the conveyor belt may be acquired by on-site measurements and calculation.
[0064] In S312, an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt is acquired. Specifically, the dimension of the item may be acquired by on-site measurements and calculation.
[0065] In S313, the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt is acquired by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.
[0066] In S32, a number of items that enter the conveyor belt is acquired. Specifically, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt may be acquired by accessing a controller of equipment connected to the head end of the conveyor belt. Where the controller is not accessible, the number of items may also be acquired by arranging a counter, for example, a photosensor, a proximity sensor, a visual acquisition device, or a weighing device, on the head end of the conveyor belt.
[0067] In S33, a number of items that are output from the conveyor belt is acquired. Specifically, the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt may be acquired by arranging a counter, for example, a photosensor, a proximity sensor, a visual acquisition device, or a weighing device, on the head end of the conveyor belt.
[0068] In S34, the number of vacant items is calculated based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt. Specifically, the number of vacant items is calculated using the following formula. KM=NM-OA+IB;
[0069] KM represents the number of vacant items, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, OA represents the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and IB represents the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.
[0070] In S40, the motor is controlled based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items. When the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.
[0071] The control method for the conveyor belt according to the present disclosure monitors in real time the number of vacant items on the conveyor belts and adjusts in real time the running speed of the conveyor belt based on the number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, such that the conveyor belt is controlled at a maximum precision, the pressure between the items is reduced, and the extrusion and collision between the items are effectively prevented.
[0072] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of part of the control method for the conveyor belt. Referring to FIG. 4, in some exemplary embodiments, S40 includes the following steps.
[0073] In S41, whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0 is determined.
[0074] In S42, the motor is controlled to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0.
[0075] In S43, whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt is determined in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0.
[0076] In S44, the motor is controlled to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt.
[0077] In S45, the motor is controlled to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas:
[0078] V=α*X*KM+VB; X= (VM-VB) / NM;
[0079] V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient, which is determined manually on site and is typically set to 1, wherein in a scenario where the conveyor belt has a lag in terms of speed, α may be increased to adjust the speed of the conveyor belt to catch up the items.
[0080] In S40, the running speed of the conveyor belt is determined by two determination processes. When the number of vacant items is equal to 0 or the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the running speed of the conveyor belt is directly determined. In this way, the calculation load is reduced, and implementation of the method is facilitated.
[0081] The present disclosure further provides a control system for a conveyor belt. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a control system for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 5, the system includes a motor 10, a frequency converter 20, and a controller. The motor 10 is configured to drive the conveyor belt. The frequency converter is capable of controlling a rotation speed of the motor based on a control signal.
[0082] The controller 30 is communicably connected to the frequency converter 20. The controller 30 is configured to be capable of acquiring a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt, a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt, and a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt.
[0083] The controller 30 is further configured to be capable of sending a control signal to the frequency converter based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time to control a rotation speed of the motor, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items. When the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.
[0084] The system method for the conveyor belt according to the present disclosure monitors in real time the number of vacant items on the conveyor belts and adjusts in real time the running speed of the conveyor belt based on the number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, such that the conveyor belt is controlled at a maximum precision, the pressure between the items is reduced, and the extrusion and collision between the items are effectively prevented.
[0085] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is configured to be capable of acquiring the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt, and calculating the number of vacant items based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt. Specifically, the number of vacant items is calculated using the following formula. KM=NM-OA+IB;
[0086] KM represents the number of vacant items, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, OA represents the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and IB represents the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.
[0087] In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is configured to be capable of inputting an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt and an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt, and calculating the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.
[0088] In some exemplary embodiments, referring to FIG. 5, the system further includes a pair of counters 40, wherein the counters 40 are photosensors, proximity sensors, visual acquisition devices, or weighing devices. In some exemplary embodiments, the counters 40 are respectively arranged at head and tail ends of the conveyor belt, and the controller 30 is communicably connected to the counters 40, and acquires the number of items that enter the conveyor belt and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt by the counters 40.
[0089] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a control system for a conveyor belt according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 6, parts that are the same as or similar to those of the control system for the conveyor belt in FIG. 5 are not described herein any further. Different from the system in FIG. 5, the system in FIG. 6 includes a plurality of motors 10, a plurality of frequency converters 20, and a plurality of pairs of counters 40, and the system further includes two redundantly configured switches 50, and the controller 30 is communicably connected to the frequency converters 20 via the switches 50. The two switches are redundantly interconnected, such that downtime caused by failures of the switches 50 and network cables is prevented.
[0090] In some exemplary embodiments, referring to FIG. 6, the system further includes an input / output module 60, wherein the counters 40 are communicably connected to the input / output module 60, and the controller (30) is communicably connected to the input / output module 60 via the switches 50.
[0091] In some exemplary embodiments, referring to FIG. 6, the system further includes a man-machine interface device 70, wherein the man-machine interface device 70 is communicably connected to the controller 30 via the switches 50, and is capable of inputting information to the controller 30, for example, the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the maximum running speed of the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are input within the unit time.
[0092] The controller 30 is configured to: determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0; determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; and control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas: V=α*X*KM+VB; X= (VM-VB) / NM;
[0093] wherein V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, and NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient, which is determined manually on site and is typically set to 1, wherein in a scenario where the conveyor belt has a lag in terms of speed, α may be increased to adjust the speed of the conveyor belt to catch up the items.
[0094] The running speed of the conveyor belt is determined by two determination processes. When the number of vacant items is equal to 0 or the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the running speed of the conveyor belt is directly determined. In this way, the calculation load is further reduced for the controller 30.
[0095] It should be understood that, although this specification is described based on the embodiments, not each of the embodiments discloses an independent technical solution. Such description of the specification is only for clarity. A person skilled in the art should consider the specification as an entirety. The technical solutions according to the embodiments may also be suitably combined to derive other embodiments that may be understood by a person skilled in the art.
[0096] A series of detailed descriptions given in this specification are merely intended to illustrate feasible embodiments of the present disclosure, instead of limiting the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent embodiments or modifications, for example, combinations, segmentations, or repetition of features, derived without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1.A control method for a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt being driven by a motor, wherein the method comprises:S10, acquiring a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt;S20, acquiring a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt;S30, acquiring a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, wherein the number of vacant items is an item quantity obtained by subtracting a number of items that are currently on the conveyor belt from a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; andS40, controlling the motor based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items; wherein when the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein S30 comprises:S31, acquiring a maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt;S32, acquiring a number of items that enter the conveyor belt;S33, acquiring a number of items that are output from the conveyor belt; andS34, calculating the number of vacant items based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.3.The method according to claim 2, wherein S31 comprises:S311, acquiring an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt;S312, acquiring an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt; andS313, acquiring the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.4.The method according to claim 2, wherein in S32 and S33, counters are respectively arranged at head and tail ends of the conveyor belt, and the number of items that enter the conveyor belt and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt are acquired by the counters.5.The method according to claim 4, wherein the counters are photosensors, proximity sensors, visual acquisition devices, or weighing devices.6.The method according to claim 1, wherein S40 comprises:S41, determining whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0;S42, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0;S43, determining whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0;S44, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; andS45, controlling the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas:V=α*X*KM+VB;X= (VM-VB) / NM;wherein V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient.7.A control system for a conveyor belt, comprising:a motor (10) , configured to drive the conveyor belt;a frequency converter (20) , capable of controlling a rotation speed of the motor (10) based on a control signal;a controller (30) , communicably connected to the frequency converter (20) , and configured to be capable of acquiring a number of items input within a unit time by equipment connected to a tail end of the conveyor belt, a maximum running speed of the conveyor belt, and a number of vacant items on the conveyor belt, wherein the controller (30) is further configured to be capable of sending a control signal to the frequency converter (20) based on the number of vacant items, the maximum running speed, and the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time to control a rotation speed of the motor, such that a speed of the conveyor belt linearly varies between a synchronized running speed and the maximum running speed based on the number of vacant items; wherein when the conveyor belt runs at the synchronized running speed, a number of items output from the conveyor belt within the unit time is equal to the number of items input by the equipment within the unit time; when the number of vacant items is equal to 0, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the synchronized running speed; and when the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the speed of the conveyor belt is equal to the maximum running speed.8.The system according to claim 7, wherein the controller (30) is configured to be capable of acquiring the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt, and calculating the number of vacant items based on the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, the number of items that enter the conveyor belt, and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt.9.The system according to claim 8, wherein the controller (30) is configured to be capable of inputting an area for receiving items on the conveyor belt and an area occupied each of the items on the conveyor belt, and calculating the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt by dividing the area for receiving the items on the conveyor belt by the area occupied by the each of the items on the conveyor belt.10.The system according to claim 8, further comprising: a pair of counters (40) respectively arranged at head and tail ends of the conveyor belt, wherein the controller (30) is communicably connected to the counters (40) , and acquires the number of items that enter the conveyor belt and the number of items that are output from the conveyor belt by the counters (40) .11.The system according to claim 10, wherein the counters (40) are photosensors, proximity sensors, visual acquisition devices, or weighing devices.12.The system according to claim 11, comprising: a plurality of motors (10) , a plurality of frequency converters (20) , and a plurality of pairs of counters (40) , wherein the system further comprises two redundantly configured switches (50) , and the controller (30) is communicably connected to the frequency converters (20) via the switches (50) .13.The system according to claim 12, further comprising: an input / output module (60) , wherein the counters (40) are communicably connected to the input / output module (60) , and the controller (30) is communicably connected to the input / output module (60) via the switches (50) .14.The system according to claim 12, further comprising: a man-machine interface device (70) , wherein the two switches (50) are communicably connected to the controller (30) , and the man-machine interface device (70) is capable of inputting information to the controller (30) .15.The system according to claim 7, wherein the controller (30) is configured to: determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the synchronized running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to 0; determine whether the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to 0; control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at the maximum running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt; and control the motor to drive the conveyor belt to run at a dynamic running speed in response to determining that the number of vacant items is not equal to the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, wherein the dynamic running speed is represented by the following formulas: V=α*X*KM+VB; X= (VM-VB) / NM;wherein V represents the dynamic running speed, and KM represents the number of vacant items, VB represents the synchronized running speed, X represents a speed adjustment coefficient, VM represents the maximum running speed, NM represents the maximum number of items that are receivable on the conveyor belt, and α represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient.
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