Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a first antenna and a second antenna disposed adjacently. Both the first antenna and the second antenna use at least an electrically conductive portion of a frame as a radiator. A tuning circuit of the second antenna comprises a first open-circuit branch and a second switch branch. The first antenna can switch a switch branch coupled to the radiator of the second antenna to adjust a ground plane current, thereby switching a directional pattern generated by the first antenna, so that a signal source is always located in a region where the first antenna has a good radiation characteristic, so as to improve user experience during communication.

Description

Electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411389389.3 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on September 30, 2024 and entitled "Electronic device", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the increasing demand for high-speed data transmission, the development trend of the industrial design (ID) of electronic devices is large-screen ratio and multiple cameras. This results in a significant reduction in antenna clearance and increasingly limited layout space.

[0004] When a user is communicating, if the relative position between the electronic device and the signal source changes, the signal source may exceed the area with good radiation characteristics of the antenna, which will cause the communication quality between the electronic device and the signal source to deteriorate. Therefore, how to realize the switching of the directional pattern generated by the antenna in an electronic device with increasingly limited layout space, so that the antenna has good radiation characteristics at different angles, is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna. The antenna at least uses a conductive part of a frame as a radiator. The antenna can generate different directional patterns, thereby improving the user's experience when communicating.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first position, a second position, a third position and a fourth position, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled with the floor at the first position, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled with the floor at the second position, the frame being coupled with the floor at the third position, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled with the floor at the fourth position; a first antenna, the first antenna comprising: a first radiator, the first radiator comprising a conductive part of the frame between the first position and the second position, at least part of the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a first feed circuit, the first radiator comprising a first feed point, the first feed circuit being coupled with the first feed point; a second antenna, the second antenna comprising: a second radiator, the second radiator comprising a conductive part of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, at least part of the second radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a second feed circuit, the second radiator comprising a second feed point, the second feed circuit being coupled with the second feed point; a first tuning circuit, the first tuning circuit comprising a first switch, a first switch branch and a second switch branch, the second radiator comprising a first connection point, the first switch branch and the second switch branch being coupled with the first connection point through the first switch; wherein the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the first switch branch are configured to generate a first directional pattern, the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch are configured to generate a second directional pattern, the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern being different.

[0007] According to embodiments of the present application, when the electronic device communicates through the first antenna (the second antenna does not work, does not communicate, and the second feed circuit does not feed an electrical signal), the first antenna can adjust the current on the floor through the first tuning circuit of the second antenna, so as to switch the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern to emit an electrical signal to a signal source or receive an electrical signal transmitted by the signal source.

[0008] Since the first antenna has two different directional patterns, the first antenna can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the first antenna according to the communication condition (for example, including relative position) between the signal source and the electronic device, so as to ensure the communication quality between the signal source and the electronic device. For example, when the first antenna communicates with the signal source through the first directional pattern, the signal source is located in a direction in which the first antenna has poor radiation (a direction in which a concave point of the directional pattern is located), and the communication quality of the electronic device is poor. The first antenna can be switched from the first directional pattern to the second directional pattern to communicate with the signal source through the second directional pattern, so that the signal source is always located in a region in which the first antenna has good radiation characteristics, thereby improving the communication quality of the electronic device, so as to provide a better communication experience for the user.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position are arranged in sequence; and the bezel has an insulating gap at the first position, the second position and the fourth position.

[0010] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first end and the second end of the first radiator are both open ends, and the first antenna resonates in a linear DM mode. Since the radiation pattern of the first antenna resonating in the linear DM mode is less affected by the floor, when the first switch branch and the second switch branch are switched, the radiation characteristics of the first antenna do not change greatly, and do not cause a sudden change in communication performance (thus causing poor impedance matching at the first feed point 211), but only change the area with poor radiation characteristics and improve the radiation characteristics of the area.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the first switch branch are configured to resonate at a first resonance frequency; and the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch are configured to resonate at a second resonance frequency, and the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency include a first frequency band.

[0012] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna can have two different radiation patterns in the first frequency band, so that the first antenna has different radiation characteristics in the first frequency band.

[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to one half of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is a vacuum wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to a length of the first radiator or a length of the second radiator.

[0015] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator and the second radiator are close to each other, and the switch branch in the second antenna has a greater influence on the current on the floor when the first radiator resonates.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the floor has a first current distribution; and at a resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the floor has a second current distribution, and the first current distribution and the second current distribution are different.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first antenna can make the current distribution on the floor different by switching different switch branches in the first tuning circuit of the second antenna, so as to make the antenna generate different directional patterns. The first antenna can communicate with the signal source through different directional patterns.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, based on the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the first switch branch being used to generate a first resonance, the second radiator and the first switch branch being used to generate a first parasitic resonance, a resonant point frequency f1 of the first resonance and a resonant point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f1-f3|≥f1×10%, and / or, based on the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch being used to generate a second resonance, the second radiator and the second switch branch being used to generate a second parasitic resonance, a resonant point frequency f2 of the second resonance and a resonant point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f2-f4|≥f1×10%.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the case where the electronic device communicates through the first antenna (the second antenna does not work, does not communicate, and the second feed circuit does not feed in an electric signal), the parasitic resonance generated by the second radiator can be located within the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) of the first antenna, which can introduce an efficiency pit in the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) of the first antenna, resulting in poor radiation characteristics of the first antenna. The parasitic resonance generated by the second radiator can be located outside the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) of the first antenna, and the first antenna still has good radiation characteristics in the communication frequency band.

[0020] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second radiator, the second feed circuit and the first switch branch are used to generate a third resonance, and a resonance frequency band of the third resonance includes a second frequency band; the second radiator, the second feed circuit and the second switch branch are used to generate a fourth resonance, and a resonance frequency band of the fourth resonance includes a third frequency band, and the second frequency band and the third frequency band are different.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first tuning circuit can be used to switch the operating frequency band of the second antenna. Different switch branches in the first tuning circuit are coupled with the first connection point, and the resonant point frequencies of the resonances generated by the second radiator are different.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first switch branch is coupled between the first connection point and the ground through the first switch; the second switch branch is coupled between the first connection point and the second feeding circuit through the first switch; and the resonant point frequency f5 of the third resonance and the resonant point frequency f6 of the fourth resonance satisfy: f5*150%≤f6, or f6≤f5*50%.

[0023] According to embodiments of the present application, when the difference between the resonant point frequency of the third resonance and the resonant point frequency of the fourth resonance is large, the impedance matching between the second feeding circuit and the second feeding point is poor, the second switch branch is coupled between the first connection point and the second feeding circuit through the first switch, the second switch branch can be used to adjust the resonant point frequency of the resonance generated by the second radiator, and at the same time can be used to adjust the impedance between the second feeding circuit and the second feeding point, so that the second antenna has better radiation characteristics (for example, operating bandwidth) in the third frequency band.

[0024] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1*50%≤L2≤L1*150%.

[0025] According to embodiments of the present application, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator can be substantially the same, thereby having better symmetry to improve the radiation characteristics.

[0026] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame includes a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, the length of the first side is greater than the length of the second side; the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position are located on the first side.

[0027] According to embodiments of the present application, when the first radiator is located on the first side, the first antenna has better radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency). When the first radiator and the second radiator are both located on the first side, by switching the switch branch in the second antenna, the directional diagram generated by the first antenna can produce a large offset.

[0028] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first radiator and the second side along the extension direction of the first side is less than or equal to one half of the length of the second side.

[0029] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator can be located in the upper half region (region close to the top, positive half-axis region of the z-axis in the coordinate system) of the electronic device, avoiding the influence on the first antenna in the process that the user holds the electronic device, and more conducive to improving the radiation characteristics of the first antenna, so that the electronic device has good communication quality with the signal source.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the bezel includes a fifth position and a sixth position, the bezel is coupled with the floor at the fifth position, and the bezel has an insulating gap or is coupled with the floor at the sixth position; the electronic device further includes a third antenna, the third antenna includes: a third radiator, the third radiator includes a conductive part of the bezel between the fifth position and the sixth position, at least part of the third radiator is disposed in spaced relation to the floor; a third feeding circuit, the third radiator includes a third feeding point, and the third feeding circuit is coupled with the third feeding point; a second tuning circuit, the second tuning circuit includes a second switch, a third switch branch and a fourth switch branch, the second radiator includes a second connection point, and the third switch branch and the fourth switch branch are coupled with the second connection point through the second switch.

[0031] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna produces a directional diagram through the first tuning circuit of the second antenna and the second tuning circuit in the third antenna. Due to the arrangement of the third antenna, the switch branch in the second tuning circuit can make the directional diagram produced by the first antenna have more flexible adjustment characteristics, which can be applied to more use scenarios.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator, the first feeding circuit, the first switch branch and the third switch branch are used to produce the first directional diagram; and the first radiator, the first feeding circuit, and the second switch branch and the fourth switch branch are used to produce the second directional diagram.

[0033] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first switch branch, the second switch branch, the third switch branch and the fourth switch branch can make the directional diagram produced by the first antenna have more flexible adjustment characteristics, which can be applied to more use scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a common mode of an antenna and the distribution of corresponding current and electric field according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a differential mode of an antenna and the distribution of corresponding current and electric field according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 1.

[0041] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 2.

[0042] FIG. 9 is a simulation result of a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 1.

[0043] FIG. 10 is a simulation result of a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 2.

[0044] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0045] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Hereinafter, terms that can appear in embodiments of the present application are explained.

[0047] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein is only a description of the same field of associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " used herein generally means that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0048] "Within the scope of", as used herein, includes both end values of the range by default, unless it is indicated separately that the end value is not included, for example, within the range of 1 to 5, including both 1 and 5.

[0049] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which means that the components are in physical contact and electrically conductive; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity line such as copper foil or wire on the printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through space / non-contact. In some embodiments, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, through the coupling between the gap between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor to achieve signal transmission.

[0050] Element / device: includes at least one of lumped element / device and distributed element / device.

[0051] Lumped element / device: refers to a general term for all elements when the size of the element is much smaller than the relative wavelength of the circuit operating frequency. For a signal, at any time, the characteristics of the element remain fixed and are independent of the frequency.

[0052] Distributed element / device: unlike lumped elements, when the size of the element is similar to or larger than the relative wavelength of the circuit operating frequency, the characteristics of each point of the element itself will be different due to the changes in the signal as the signal passes through the element. At this time, the element as a whole cannot be regarded as a single body with fixed characteristics, and should be referred to as a distributed element.

[0053] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to a component that exhibits capacitance, such as a capacitor element; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to an equivalent capacitor formed by spacing a certain gap between two conductive parts.

[0054] Inductance: can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to a component that exhibits inductance, such as an inductor element; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to an equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive part.

[0055] Radiating body: is a device used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation in an antenna. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiating body, which changes the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy for radiation and reception of radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiating body through the feeder, which is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization by the radiating body and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiating body converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a certain direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is delivered to the input end of the receiver through the feeder.

[0056] The radiator can include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire shape, or a patch shape, etc. The application does not limit the specific shape. In some embodiments, the wire shape radiator can be referred to as a wire antenna. In some embodiments, the wire shape radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, which can also be referred to as a frame antenna. In some embodiments, the wire shape radiator can be implemented by a support conductor, which can also be referred to as a support antenna. In some embodiments, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the wire shape radiator, or the wire diameter of the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength) than the wavelength (e.g., the medium wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the medium wavelength) (e.g., the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of the wire antenna include a dipole antenna, a half-wave vibrator antenna, a monopole antenna, a loop antenna, and an inverted F antenna (also referred to as IFA). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feed from the feed end of the radiating branch. For example, the inverted F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as being obtained by adding a ground path to a monopole antenna. The IFA antenna has a feed point and a ground point, and is called an inverted F antenna because its side view is in the shape of an inverted F. In some embodiments, the patch shape radiator can include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted F antenna (also referred to as PIFA). In some embodiments, the patch shape radiator can be implemented by a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In some embodiments, the patch shape radiator can include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In some embodiments, the patch shape radiator can include a conductive coating, such as silver paste, etc. The shape of the patch shape radiator includes a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a ring shape, etc. The structure of the microstrip antenna is generally composed of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a ground plate, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the ground plate.

[0057] The radiators can also include slots or gaps formed on the conductors, for example, forming closed or semi-closed slots or gaps on the grounded conductor plane. In some embodiments, the radiators with slots or gaps can be referred to as slot antennas or gap antennas. In some embodiments, the slots or gaps of the slot antennas / gap antennas have a radial dimension (e.g., including width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and a length dimension comparable to the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength) (e.g., around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In some embodiments, the radiators with closed slots or gaps can be referred to as closed slot antennas. In some embodiments, the radiators with semi-closed slots or gaps (e.g., with openings added to the closed slots or gaps) can be referred to as open slot antennas. In some embodiments, the gap shape is long and strip-shaped. In some embodiments, the length of the gap is about half of the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the gap is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the gap can be fed by a transmission line bridging one or both sides of the gap, whereby a radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the gap and electromagnetic waves are radiated into space. In some embodiments, the radiators of the slot antennas or gap antennas can be implemented by conductive frames grounded at both ends, which can also be referred to as frame antennas. In this embodiment, the slot antennas or gap antennas can be considered to include linear radiators spaced apart from the ground plane and grounded at both ends, thereby forming closed or semi-closed slots or gaps. In some embodiments, the radiators of the slot antennas or gap antennas can be implemented by bracket conductors grounded at both ends, which can also be referred to as bracket antennas.

[0058] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits for reception and transmission of radio frequency signals. The feed circuit can include a transceiver and a radio frequency front end circuit. In some cases, the term "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), which can be considered to include a radio frequency front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). In general, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0059] In some embodiments, the electronic device can further include a test seat (or referred to as a radio frequency seat or a radio frequency test seat). The test seat can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the radio frequency front end circuit or the radiators of the antenna through the cable. The radio frequency front end circuit can be considered as a circuit portion coupled between the test seat and the transceiver.

[0060] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated as a radio frequency front-end chip in the electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated as a radio frequency chip in the electronic device.

[0061] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / … / Nth feed circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, through one radio frequency channel in one transceiver (for example, one port of a radio frequency chip transmits signals; and can also share one radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, through a tuning circuit or an amplifier in one radio frequency front-end to process signals.

[0062] It should also be understood that two of the first / second / … / Nth feed circuits in the present application generally correspond to two radio frequency test seats in the electronic device.

[0063] The matching circuit is a circuit for adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna. In some embodiments, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In some embodiments, the matching circuit is coupled between the test seat and the radiator. Generally, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In some embodiments, the matching circuit can include a tuning circuit and / or electronic elements, and the tuning circuit can be an electronic element for switching the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit has the functions of impedance matching and / or frequency tuning. Generally, it is considered to be part of the antenna.

[0064] The ground structure / feed structure can include connectors, such as metal springs, and the radiator is coupled to the ground plane through the ground structure / the feed structure is coupled to the feed circuit. In some embodiments, the feed structure can include a transmission line / feed line, and the ground structure can include a ground line.

[0065] End / point: the "end / point" in the first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / ground point / connection point of the antenna radiator should not be understood as a point or end that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a certain point or section on a continuous radiator. In some embodiments, the "end / point" can include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that couples other conductive structures, for example, the feed end / feed point can be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that couples the feed structure or the feed circuit (for example, an area that faces a part of the feed circuit), and for example, the ground end / ground point can be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that couples the ground structure or the ground circuit (for example, an area that faces a part of the ground circuit).

[0066] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, open end and closed end are for example relative to ground, closed end is grounded, open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, open end and closed end are for example relative to other conductors, closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In some embodiments, open end can also be referred to as floating end, free end, open end, or open circuit end. In some embodiments, closed end can also be referred to as grounded end, or short circuit end. It should be appreciated that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through open end to transfer coupling energy (it can be appreciated that current is transferred).

[0067] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution, closed end or grounded end, etc. can be understood as a current large point on the radiator, or as a small point of electric field on the radiator; in some embodiments, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current large point / small point of electric field; in some embodiments, opening a slot (for example, a gap filled with insulating material) at or near the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current large point / small point of electric field.

[0068] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution, open end or floating end, etc. can be understood as a current small point on the radiator, or as a large point of electric field on the radiator; in some embodiments, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current small point / large point of electric field.

[0069] It should be appreciated that the radiator end at a gap (from the structure of the radiator, similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or floating end) coupled with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a current large point / small point of electric field, in which case it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0070] The "floating radiator" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a radiator that is not directly connected to a feed line / branch and / or a ground line / branch, but is fed and / or grounded by indirect coupling.

[0071] It should be appreciated that "floating" in "floating end" and "floating radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In some embodiments, the floating radiator can be for example a radiator arranged on the inner surface of an insulating back cover.

[0072] The current co-directional / counter-directional mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the same side of the conductor. For example, when the co-directional distributed current is excited on the conductor in the shape of a bend or a ring (for example, the current path is also in the shape of a bend or a ring), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of the ring-shaped conductor (for example, the conductors around a gap, on both sides of the gap) is in the counter-directional although it is in the opposite direction, which still belongs to the definition of the co-directional distributed current in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the co-directional current on one conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has no reversal point. In some embodiments, the counter-directional current on one conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has at least one reversal point. In some embodiments, the co-directional current on two conductors can mean that the currents on the two conductors have no reversal point and flow in the same direction. In some embodiments, the counter-directional current on two conductors can mean that the currents on the two conductors have no reversal point and flow in opposite directions. The co-directional / counter-directional current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0073] Resonance / resonance frequency: the resonance frequency is also called the resonant frequency. The resonance frequency can have a frequency range, that is, a resonance frequency range. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The echo loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20 dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the first / second... resonance mentioned in the present application is the base mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the resonance with the lowest frequency generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to generate a base mode resonance.

[0074] Resonance frequency band: the range of resonance frequencies is the resonance frequency band, and the echo loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonance frequency band can be less than -6 dB or -5 dB.

[0075] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: no matter what type of antenna, it always works in a certain frequency range (frequency band width). For example, the antenna supporting the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band including the frequency in the range of 2300 MHz-2400 MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

[0076] The resonance frequency band and the working frequency band can be the same or can partially overlap. In some embodiments, one or more resonance frequency bands of an antenna can cover one or more working frequency bands of the antenna.

[0077] Electrical length: can refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0078] where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0079] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency of 1920-1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.

[0080] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3 x 10 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency of 1920-1980 MHz) is 1955 MHz, the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative permittivity of the medium filled on one side or multiple sides of the radiator.

[0081] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of the input power to the output power at the port of the antenna.

[0082] Antenna radiation efficiency (radiation efficiency): refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by the antenna (i.e., the power of the portion effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna = input power of the antenna - loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and / or the dielectric loss power. The radiation efficiency is a value for measuring the radiation capability of the antenna, and the metal loss and the dielectric loss are both factors affecting the radiation efficiency.

[0083] The skilled in the art can understand that the efficiency is generally expressed in percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB, and the closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is represented.

[0084] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated by the antenna to the space, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated by the antenna to the space, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0085] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which belongs to one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can represent the pros and cons of the antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the more energy actually entering the antenna, the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0086] It should be noted that the S11 value is generally-6dB as a standard in engineering, and when the S11 value of the antenna is less than-6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0087] Antenna pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna (far field) changes with direction pattern, which is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna.

[0088] The antenna pattern usually has multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the maximum radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. In the side lobe, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0089] Beam width: refers to the angle in the range of the first angle with the top direction (for example, the z direction) of the pointing electronic device, the gain of the directional pattern generated by the antenna is greater than or equal to the threshold value, and the first angle is the beam width. When the first angle is large, for example, greater than or equal to 30°, it can be considered that the antenna has a wide beam characteristic, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the angle range.

[0090] Directivity: also referred to as the directivity of an antenna. It refers to the ratio of the maximum power density to the average value on the antenna pattern at a certain distance from the antenna (far field), which is a dimensionless ratio greater than or equal to 1. It can be used to indicate the energy radiation characteristics of the antenna. The greater the directivity, the more energy the antenna radiates in a certain direction, and the more concentrated the energy radiation is.

[0091] Antenna gain: used to characterize the degree of concentration of input power radiated by an antenna. Generally, the narrower the main lobe and the smaller the side lobe of the antenna pattern, the higher the antenna gain.

[0092] Ground (GND): can refer to at least a part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of the above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground component, etc. "Ground" can be used for the grounding of components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be a ground layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or a ground plate formed by a middle frame of an electronic device, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under a screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14 layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a wiring layer, and the wiring layer and the ground layer are electrically connected by a via. In one embodiment, components such as a display, a touch screen, input buttons, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the wiring layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is disposed on the wiring layer.

[0093] Any of the above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer is made of conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can use any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0094] Ground: refers to coupling with the above-mentioned ground / floor by any means. In some embodiments, the ground can be through the physical ground, such as the physical ground of a specific position on the edge frame through the part of the structure of the middle frame (or called, physical ground). In some embodiments, the ground can be through the device ground, such as the device ground through the series or parallel capacitors / inductors / resistors and the like (or called, device ground).

[0095] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device 100 can include a cover 13, a display module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19 and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 can be a cover glass, and can also be replaced by a cover of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material cover and the like.

[0097] Among them, the cover 13 can be arranged close to the display module 15, which can be mainly used for protecting and dustproofing the display module 15.

[0098] In some embodiments, the display module 15 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0099] The middle frame 19 mainly plays a role of supporting the whole machine. In FIG. 1, the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, and it can be understood that, in some embodiments, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can adopt a medium plate of a flame-resistant material (FR-4), can also adopt a Rogers medium plate, and can also adopt a hybrid medium plate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame-resistant material grade, and the Rogers medium plate is a high-frequency plate. The PCB 17 carries electronic elements such as radio frequency chips. In some embodiments, a metal layer can be arranged on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used for grounding of the electronic elements carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used for grounding of other elements such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be referred to as a ground plate, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In some embodiments, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any one layer of medium plate in the PCB 17. In some embodiments, the metal layer for grounding can be arranged on one side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 close to the middle frame 19. In some embodiments, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be regarded as the edge of the grounding layer thereof. In some embodiments, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding of the above-mentioned elements. The electronic device 100 can also have other ground plates / grounding plates / grounding layers, and the foregoing will not be repeated here.

[0100] Due to the compactness inside the electronic device, the ground plate / grounding plate / grounding layer is usually arranged in the internal space of 0-2 mm from the inner surface of the frame (for example, the printed circuit board, the middle frame, the screen metal layer, the battery, etc. can all be regarded as part of the ground plate). In some embodiments, the filling medium is filled between the frame and the ground plate, and the contour of the inner surface of the filling medium can be simply regarded as the length and width of the rectangle formed by the superposition, and the length and width of the rectangle formed by the superposition of all conductive parts inside the frame can be regarded as the length and width of the ground plate.

[0101] The electronic device 100 can also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery can be arranged between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board can be arranged between the upper edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery, and the sub-board can be arranged between the lower edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery.

[0102] The electronic device 100 can further include a bezel 11, which can include a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 can be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 100. The bezel 11 can have four side edges that surround the display module 15, helping to secure the display module 15.

[0103] In an implementation, the bezel 11 mainly including a conductive material can be referred to as a conductive bezel or a metal bezel of the electronic device 100, which is suitable for an industrial design (ID) of a metal appearance. In an implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 is mainly of a conductive material such as a metal material, thereby forming an appearance of a metal bezel. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the bezel 11 including the outer surface can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 100 and is generally referred to as a bezel antenna.

[0104] In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 is mainly of a non-conductive material such as plastic, forming an appearance of a non-metal bezel, which is suitable for an ID of a non-metal. In an implementation, the inner surface of the bezel 11 can include a conductive material such as a metal material. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the inner surface of the bezel 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 100. It should be understood that the radiator disposed on the inner surface of the bezel 11 (or the conductive material of the inner surface) can be disposed against the non-conductive material of the bezel 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 100 to achieve better signal transmission effect, and can also be referred to as a bezel antenna. It should be noted that the radiator disposed against the non-conductive material of the bezel 11 means that the radiator can be disposed against the inner surface of the non-conductive material, can be embedded in the non-conductive material, or can be disposed close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, for example, the radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material can have a small gap therebetween. It should be understood that the conductive material and the non-conductive material can both be regarded as part of the bezel 11.

[0105] It should be understood that the bezel 11 can have an insulating gap, and the two insulating gaps or the conductor portion of the bezel between the insulating gap and the ground point can be used as a radiator, thereby forming a bezel antenna. When the bezel 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap in the bezel 11 filled with a non-metal material (insulating material), in which case the gap is visible on the appearance surface. When the outer surface of the bezel 11 is of a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap formed between two radiators of the inner surface of the bezel 11, which can be filled with a non-metal material (insulating material) or can not be filled with a non-metal material, for example, filled with air, in which case the gap is not visible on the appearance surface.

[0106] The middle frame 19 can include the bezel 11, and the middle frame 19 including the bezel 11 can serve as a support for the electronic devices in the whole machine as a whole. The cover plate 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively attached along the upper and lower edges of the bezel to form a housing of the electronic device. In some embodiments, the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11 and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 100. It should be understood that the "housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11 or the middle frame 19, or part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11 or the middle frame 19.

[0107] The bezel 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. The part of the bezel serving as the radiator can have a gap with other parts of the middle frame 19 to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment. In some embodiments, the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture at the part of the bezel serving as the radiator to facilitate the radiation of the antenna.

[0108] Alternatively, the bezel 11 can not be considered as a part of the middle frame 19. In some embodiments, the bezel 11 can be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the bezel 11 can include a protruding member extending inwardly to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by a spring, a screw, welding or the like. The protruding member of the bezel 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least part of the bezel 11 serves as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. The part of the bezel serving as the radiator can have a gap with the middle frame 19 to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0109] The back cover 21 can be made of a metal material, or can be made of a non-conductive material such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover or the like non-metal back cover. The back cover 21 can also be made of a material including both conductive and non-conductive materials. In some embodiments, the back cover 21 including the conductive material can replace the middle frame 19 and be connected to the bezel 11 as a whole to support the electronic devices in the whole machine.

[0110] In some embodiments, the conductive part of the middle frame 19 and / or the back cover 21 can serve as a reference ground of the electronic device 100, and the bezel 11, the PCB 17 and the like of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0111] The antenna of the electronic device 100 can also be disposed in the housing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter wave antenna, and the like (not shown in FIG. 1). The clearance of the antenna disposed in the housing can be obtained by a slit / hole on any one of the middle frame, the bezel, the back cover, and the display screen, or a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any two of them, and the clearance of the antenna can be configured to ensure the radiation characteristics of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component in the electronic device 100, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In some embodiments, the antenna 40 can be in the form of a flexible printed circuit (FPC) based antenna, a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) based antenna, a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), or the like. In some embodiments, the antenna can also be in the form of a transparent structure embedded in the screen of the electronic device 100, so that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded in the screen of the electronic device 100.

[0112] FIG. 1 only schematically shows some components included in the electronic device 100, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual structure of the components are not limited by FIG. 1.

[0113] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the face where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front face, the face where the back cover is located can be considered as the back face, and the face where the bezel is located can be considered as the side face.

[0114] First, FIGS. 2 and 3 are introduced to describe two antenna modes involved in the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a common mode of an antenna and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a differential mode of another antenna and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiator in FIGS. 2 and 3 is open at both ends, and the common mode and the differential mode thereof can be referred to as a line common mode and a line differential mode, respectively.

[0115] It should be understood that the "common mode" or "CM mode" in the present application includes a line common mode and a slot common mode, and the "differential mode" or "DM mode" in the present application includes a line differential mode and a slot differential mode, which can be determined according to the structure of the antenna.

[0116] It should be understood that the "common-differential mode" or "CM-DM mode" in the present application refers to a line common mode and a line differential mode generated on the same radiator, or refers to a slot common mode and a slot differential mode generated on the same radiator, which can be determined according to the structure of the antenna.

[0117] 1. Linear common mode (CM) mode

[0118] Fig. 2(a) shows that the radiating element of the antenna 40 is open at both ends and is connected with a feed circuit (not shown) at the middle position 41. In some embodiments, the feed form of the antenna 40 adopts symmetrical feed. The feed circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 through a feed line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feed can be understood as that the feed circuit is connected to the radiating element at one end and is grounded at the other end, wherein the connection point (feed point) of the feed circuit and the radiating element is located at the center of the radiating element, which can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a region within a certain range near the above-mentioned midpoint).

[0119] The middle position 41 of the antenna 40 can be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiating element, for example, the middle position 41 is covered by the connection between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40.

[0120] Fig. 2(b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40. As shown in Fig. 2(b), the current presents a reverse distribution, for example, a symmetrical distribution, on both sides of the middle position 41; the electric field presents a same direction distribution on both sides of the middle position 41. As shown in Fig. 2(b), the current at the feed line 42 presents a same direction distribution. Based on the same direction distribution of the current at the feed line 42, this kind of feed shown in Fig. 2(a) can be called linear CM feed. Based on the reverse distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiating element and the feed line 42, this kind of antenna mode shown in Fig. 2(b) can be called linear CM mode (which can also be simply referred to as CM mode, for example, for linear antenna, CM mode refers to linear CM mode). The current and electric field shown in Fig. 2(b) can be respectively called the current and electric field of linear CM mode.

[0121] The current is strong at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 (the point with large current is located near the middle position 41 of the antenna 40) and is weak at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in Fig. 2(b). The electric field is weak at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 and is strong at both ends of the antenna 40.

[0122] 2. Linear differential mode (DM) mode

[0123] As shown in (a) of FIG. 3, the left and right ends of the two radiators of the antenna 50 are open ends, and the feeding circuit is connected at the middle position 51. In some embodiments, the feeding form of the antenna 50 adopts anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feeding circuit is connected to one of the radiators through the feeding line 52, and the other end of the feeding circuit is connected to the other radiator through the feeding line 52. The middle position 51 can be the geometric center of the antenna 50, or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0124] It should be understood that the "center anti-symmetrical feed" mentioned in the present application can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are connected to the two connection points near the above-mentioned midpoint of the radiator. In some embodiments, the signal amplitudes output by the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are the same, and the phases are opposite, for example, the phases are opposite by 180°±10°.

[0125] As shown in (b) of FIG. 3, the current presents a same direction distribution, for example, an anti-symmetrical distribution, on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, and the electric field presents a reverse distribution on both sides of the middle position 51. As shown in (b) of FIG. 3, the current at the feeding line 52 presents a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse distribution of the current at the feeding line 52, the feeding shown in (a) of FIG. 3 can be called a line DM feed. Based on the same direction distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiators and the feeding line 52, the antenna mode shown in (b) of FIG. 3 can be called a line DM mode (which can also be simply referred to as a DM mode, for example, for a line antenna, the DM mode refers to a line DM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) of FIG. 3 can be respectively called the current and electric field of the line DM mode.

[0126] As shown in (b) of FIG. 3, the current is strong at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50 (the current is large near the middle position 51 of the antenna 50), and is weak at the two ends of the antenna 50. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, and is strong at the two ends of the line antenna 50.

[0127] It should be understood that for the antenna radiator, which can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation, the number thereof can be one, as shown in FIG. 2, or two, as shown in FIG. 3, and can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, two radiators can also be used as shown in FIG. 3, the two ends of the two radiators are oppositely arranged and spaced apart by a gap, and symmetric feeding is used at the two ends close to each other, for example, the same feed signal is fed into the two ends close to each other of the two radiators, respectively, and similar effects to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the line DM mode, one radiator can also be used as shown in FIG. 2, two feed points are arranged at the middle position of the radiator and anti-symmetric feeding is used, for example, signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase are fed into the two symmetric feed points on the radiator, respectively, and similar effects to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 3 can also be obtained.

[0128] 3. Line CM-DM mode

[0129] FIGS. 2 and 3 show the line CM mode and the line DM mode generated by using different feeding modes when the two ends of the radiator are open, respectively.

[0130] When the feeding form of the antenna is asymmetric feeding (the feed point deviates from the middle position of the radiator, including edge feeding or offset feeding), or the ground point (the coupling point with the ground plate) of the radiator is asymmetric (the ground point deviates from the middle position of the radiator), the antenna can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance, which correspond to the line CM mode and the line DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the line CM mode, and the current and electric field distribution is shown in (b) of FIG. 2. The second resonance corresponds to the line DM mode, and the current and electric field distribution is shown in (b) of FIG. 3.

[0131] The present application provides an electronic device, which includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna and the second antenna at least use a conductive part of a frame as a radiator. The first antenna can generate different directional patterns by switching different switch branches in a tuning circuit of the second antenna, thereby improving the experience of a user when communicating.

[0132] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0133] As shown in FIG. 4, the electronic device 100 includes a frame 11, a first antenna 200, a second antenna 300, and a ground plate 400.

[0134] The bezel 11 has an insulating gap at the first position 201 or is coupled with the floor 400. The bezel 11 has an insulating gap at the second position 202 or is coupled with the floor 400. The bezel 11 is coupled with the floor 400 at the third position 203. The bezel 11 has an insulating gap at the fourth position 204 or is coupled with the floor 400.

[0135] In some embodiments, the width of the insulating gap is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0136] It should be understood that the width of the gap on the bezel in the embodiments of the present application can be within the above range, and for the sake of brevity of the discussion, will not be repeated. The "width of the insulating gap" should be understood as the dimension in the direction extending between two conductive parts (for example, two radiators).

[0137] The first antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 and a first feed circuit 220.

[0138] The first radiator 210 includes a conductive part of the bezel 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. At least part of the first radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 400.

[0139] The first radiator 210 includes a first feed point 211. The first feed circuit 220 is coupled with the first feed point 211. In some embodiments, the first feed circuit 220 is configured to transmit electrical signals of a first frequency band.

[0140] The second antenna 300 includes a second radiator 310, a second feed circuit 320, and a first tuning circuit 330.

[0141] The second radiator 310 includes a conductive part of the bezel 11 between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204. At least part of the second radiator 310 is spaced apart from the floor 400.

[0142] The second radiator 310 includes a second feed point 212. The second feed circuit 320 is coupled with the second feed point 212. In some embodiments, the second feed circuit 320 is configured to transmit electrical signals of a second frequency band and a third frequency band, the second frequency band and the third frequency band being different.

[0143] The second radiator 310 can further include a first connection point 311. The first tuning circuit 330 is coupled with the first connection point 311. The first tuning circuit 330 includes a first switch 321, a first switch branch 331, and a second switch branch 332. The first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 are coupled with the first connection point 311 through the first switch 321.

[0144] For the convenience of understanding, the first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel. In some embodiments, the first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 can be coupled between the first connection point 311 and the first switch 321. In some embodiments, the first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 can also be coupled between the first switch 321 and the ground plane 400. For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, only the connection mode shown in FIG. 4 is taken as an example for description, and the present application is not limited to this, and will not be described in detail.

[0145] It should be understood that the "first switch", "second switch" and "third switch" in the present application can include one or more switch devices, and the "first connection point", "second connection point" and "third connection point" in the present application can include one or more connection points. In some embodiments, the first switch branch 331 can be coupled between the ground plane 400 and the second radiator 310 through one switch device in the first switch and one connection point in the first connection point 311, and the second switch branch 332 can be coupled between the ground plane 400 and the second radiator 310 through another switch device in the first switch and another connection point in the first connection point 311. In the embodiments of the present application, the switch is only used for switching to different switch branches coupled with the radiator / parasitic branch, and the specific position and specific form are not limited.

[0146] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the switch branch can be understood as a circuit between the switch and the connection point (for example, the first connection point 311) or the ground plane 400, which can be switched to different switch branches by the switch, so as to make the equivalent capacitance, equivalent resistance or equivalent inductance coupled with the connection point different.

[0147] In some embodiments, the switch branch can include one or more electronic elements, and the plurality of electronic elements can be connected in series or parallel to achieve different equivalent capacitance values and / or equivalent inductance values and / or equivalent resistance values. In one embodiment, the switch branch can also include a switch, and the equivalent capacitance values and / or equivalent inductance values and / or equivalent resistance values in different states of the switch branch can be switched by the switch.

[0148] In some embodiments, the switch branch can not include an electronic element. The switch branch can be used to determine the boundary condition at the first connection point. For example, the switch branch is in an open circuit state, when the switch common port is connected with the switch branch, the first connection point 311 is in an open circuit state (not coupled with the ground 400 through a device). Or, the switch branch is in a short circuit state, when the switch common port is connected with the switch branch, the first connection point 311 is in a short circuit state (electrically connected with the ground 400 branch, without setting other electronic elements). For the sake of brevity of the discussion, in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 4, only the first switch branch 331 is taken as an example to include the equivalent first electronic element, and the second switch branch 332 is taken as an example to include the equivalent second electronic element.

[0149] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity of the discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only the first tuning circuit 330 is taken as an example to include two switch branches, and in actual production or design, the first tuning circuit 330 can further include more switch branches, for example, the first tuning circuit 330 further includes a third switch branch and a fourth switch branch, and the like, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] The first radiator 210, the first feed circuit 220 and the first switch branch 331 are used to generate a first directional pattern. The first radiator 210, the first feed circuit 220 and the second switch branch 332 are used to generate a second directional pattern. The first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are different.

[0151] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the two directional patterns are different, for example, the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are different can be understood as that the maximum gain direction or the minimum gain direction of the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are different.

[0152] In the embodiments of the present application, the maximum gain direction or the minimum gain direction can be understood as the direction in which the maximum gain of the directional pattern generated by the antenna is directed or the direction in which the minimum gain of the directional pattern generated by the antenna is directed, in another embodiment, can be understood as the direction in which the maximum gain of the continuous radiation region (in which the gain is greater than or equal to a threshold value) in the directional pattern generated by the antenna is directed or the direction in which the minimum gain of the continuous radiation region in the directional pattern generated by the antenna is directed, in yet another embodiment, can be understood as the direction in which the maximum gain in the preset radiation region (for example, the top region of the electronic device) of the directional pattern generated by the antenna is directed (for example, the antenna has multiple maximum radiation directions, one is directed to the top, one is directed to the back cover, assuming that the top is the main radiation region, the back cover direction can have a single angle exceeding the maximum gain of the main radiation region, but the maximum radiation direction described in the embodiments of the present application only considers the direction in which the maximum gain in the main radiation region of the directional pattern is directed) or the direction in which the minimum gain is directed. In the related description in the embodiments of the present application, it can be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity of the discussion, it will not be repeated here.

[0153] According to the embodiments of the present application, in the case that the electronic device 100 communicates through the first antenna 200 (the second antenna 300 does not work, does not communicate, and the second feeding circuit 320 does not feed the electrical signal), the first antenna 200 can adjust the current distribution on the floor 400 through the first tuning circuit 330 of the second antenna 300, and the antenna can generate a first directional pattern and a second directional pattern, and transmit the electrical signal to the signal source or receive the electrical signal transmitted by the signal source by switching the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern.

[0154] Since the first antenna 200 has two different directional patterns, the first antenna 200 can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the first antenna 200 according to the communication condition (for example, including the relative position) between the signal source and the electronic device 100, to ensure the communication quality between the signal source and the electronic device 100. For example, when the first antenna 200 communicates with the signal source through the first directional pattern, the signal source is located in the direction in which the first antenna 200 has poor radiation characteristics (the direction of the concave point of the directional pattern), and the communication quality of the electronic device 100 is poor. The first antenna 200 can be switched from the first directional pattern to the second directional pattern, and communicate with the signal source through the second directional pattern, so that the signal source is always located in the area with good radiation characteristics of the first antenna, thereby improving the communication quality of the electronic device 100, so that the user has a better communication experience.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first radiator 210, the first feeding circuit 220 and the first switch branch 331 are used to generate a first resonance. The first radiator 210, the first feeding circuit 220 and the second switch branch 332 are used to generate a second resonance. The resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include a first frequency band.

[0156] It should be understood that the first antenna 200 can have two different directional patterns in the first frequency band, so that the first antenna 200 can have different radiation characteristics in the first frequency band.

[0157] In some embodiments, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the floor 400 has a first current distribution. At the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the floor 400 has a second current distribution, and the first current distribution and the second current distribution are different.

[0158] It should be understood that the first antenna 200 can make the current distribution on the floor 400 different by switching different switch branches in the first tuning circuit 330 of the second antenna 300, so that the first antenna 200 generates different directional patterns. The first antenna 200 can communicate with the signal source through different directional patterns.

[0159] In some embodiments, the distance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 is less than or equal to the length of the first radiator 210 or the length of the second radiator 310.

[0160] In some embodiments, the distance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 is less than or equal to one half of the first wavelength. The first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band. Since there is a certain relationship between the vacuum wavelength and the medium wavelength, the above-mentioned vacuum wavelength can be converted into the medium wavelength, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0161] It should be understood that the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 are close, and the current distribution on the floor 400 is more affected when the switch branch in the second antenna 300 resonates with the first radiator 210.

[0162] In some embodiments, the second radiator 310 can be used to generate parasitic resonance when the electronic device 100 communicates through the first antenna 200 (the second antenna 300 does not work, does not communicate, and the second feed circuit 320 does not feed the electrical signal). In some embodiments, when the first feed circuit 220 feeds the electrical signal, the second radiator 310 and the first switch branch 331 are used for the first parasitic resonance. In some embodiments, when the second feed circuit 320 feeds the electrical signal, the second radiator 310 and the second switch branch 332 are used for the second parasitic resonance.

[0163] In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f1-f3|≥f1x10%. In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f1-f3|≥300MHz. In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f1 of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f1-f3|≥500MHz.

[0164] In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f2 of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f2-f4|≥f1x10%. In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f2 of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f2-f4|≥300MHz. In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f2 of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f2-f4|≥500MHz.

[0165] It should be understood that, in the case where the electronic device 100 communicates through the first antenna 200 (the second antenna 300 does not work, does not communicate, and the second feed circuit 320 does not feed an electrical signal), the parasitic resonance generated by the second radiator 310 can be located within the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) of the first antenna 200, which can cause the first antenna 200 to introduce an efficiency notch in the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band), resulting in poor radiation characteristics of the first antenna 200. The parasitic resonance generated by the second radiator 310 can be located outside the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) of the first antenna 200, and the first antenna 200 still has good radiation characteristics in the communication frequency band.

[0166] In some embodiments, the first frequency band does not overlap with the resonance frequency band (for example, the frequency band in which S11 is less than -4 dB) of the parasitic resonance generated by the second radiator 310, so that the first antenna 200 has good radiation characteristics in the first frequency band.

[0167] In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f3|≥f0×10%. In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f3|≥300MHz. In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f3|≥500MHz.

[0168] In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f4|≥f0×10%. In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f4|≥300MHz. In some embodiments, the center frequency f0 of the first frequency band and the resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfy: |f0-f4|≥500MHz.

[0169] In some embodiments, the frame 11 has an insulating gap at the first position 201, the second position 202, and the fourth position 204, respectively. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 400 at the third position 203, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0170] It should be understood that the first end and the second end of the first radiator 210 are both open ends. The first resonance and the second resonance are generated by the line DM mode described in the above embodiments. The directivity pattern generated by the line DM mode has less current flowing to the floor 400, and thus, the current excited on the floor 400 is less, and the floor 400 has less influence on the directivity pattern generated by the antenna. The directivity pattern generated by the line CM mode has more current flowing to the floor 400, and thus, the current excited on the floor 400 is more, and the floor 400 has more influence on the directivity pattern generated by the antenna.

[0171] Meanwhile, since the directivity pattern generated by the first antenna 200 by the line DM mode is less influenced by the floor 400, when the first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 are switched, the radiation characteristics of the first antenna 200 do not change greatly, and do not cause a sudden change in communication performance (thus causing poor impedance matching at the first feeding point 211), but only change the area with poor radiation characteristics, and improve the radiation characteristics of the area. For example, in some embodiments, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first directivity pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second directivity pattern is less than or equal to 30°. In some embodiments, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first directivity pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second directivity pattern is less than or equal to 15°.

[0172] Furthermore, in the communication frequency band, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency) of the antenna resonating by the line DM mode can meet the needs of communication. For example, when the first radiator 210 extends in a straight line, under the action of the same current, the conductor loss and the dielectric loss are both small, and thus, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency) of the first antenna is high. Since the current on the radiator is reversed by the line CM mode, the loss is large, and thus, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency) of the antenna resonating by the line CM mode is poor.

[0173] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, only the structure in which the first end and the second end of the first radiator 210 are open ends (the frame 11 has insulating gaps at the first position 201 and the second position 202) is taken as an example for description. In actual production or design, the first radiator 210 can also be a structure in which the first end is a grounded end and the second end is an open end (the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 400 at the first position 201, and the frame 11 has an insulating gap at the second position 202), or a structure in which the first end and the second end are both grounded ends (the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 400 at the first position 201 and the second position 202). For the sake of brevity of the description, the details are not repeated.

[0174] Similarly, in the embodiments of the present application, the structure of the second radiator 310 can also be understood accordingly. For the sake of brevity of the description, the details are not repeated.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 are arranged in sequence.

[0176] It should be understood that, when the first radiator 210 has at least one open end, and the second radiator 310 is a structure with a first end being a ground end and a second end being an open end, the open end of the first radiator 210 is close to the ground end of the second radiator 310, and the open end of the first radiator 210 is far away from the open end of the second radiator 310.

[0177] When the open end of the first radiator 210 is close to the open end of the second radiator 310, the coupling between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 is strong, which can reduce the efficiency (radiation efficiency) of the first antenna 200 in the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band), and cause the radiation characteristics of the first antenna 200 to be poor. When the open end of the first radiator 210 is close to the ground end of the second radiator 310, the coupling between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 is weak, and the efficiency (radiation efficiency) of the first antenna 200 in the communication frequency band (for example, the first frequency band) will not be reduced, and the first antenna 200 still has good radiation characteristics.

[0178] In some embodiments, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator 310 satisfy: L1x50%≤L2≤L1x150%. In some embodiments, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator 310 satisfy: L1x70%≤L2≤L1x130%.

[0179] It should be understood that the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator 310 can be substantially the same, thereby having better symmetry to improve the radiation characteristics.

[0180] In some embodiments, the second radiator 310, the second feeding circuit 320 and the first switch branch 331 are used to generate a third resonance. The resonance frequency band of the third resonance includes a second frequency band.

[0181] In some embodiments, the second radiator 310, the second feeding circuit 320 and the second switch branch 332 are used to generate a fourth resonance. The resonance frequency band of the fourth resonance includes a third frequency band. The second frequency band and the third frequency band are different.

[0182] It should be understood that the first tuning circuit 330 can be used to switch the operating frequency band of the second antenna 300. Different switch branches in the first tuning circuit 330 are coupled with the first connection point 311, and the second radiator 310 generates resonances with different resonance point frequencies.

[0183] In some embodiments, the first frequency band includes at least part of the 2.4G frequency band (2.4GHz-2.4835GHz) in wireless network communication technology (Wi-Fi) or the 2.4GHz-2.4835GHz frequency band in Bluetooth (BT) wireless technology, the 5G frequency band (4.910GHz-5.875GHz) in Wi-Fi.

[0184] In some embodiments, the second frequency band includes at least part of the middle band (MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz) or high band (HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz) in cellular networks, for example, B7 (2.5GHz-2.57GHz) or B41 (2.496GHz-2.69GHz) in LTE, etc.

[0185] In some embodiments, the third frequency band includes at least part of the communication frequency band in sub 6G, for example, N77 (3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78 (3.3GHz-3.8GHz), N79 (4.8GHz-4.9GHz), etc.

[0186] In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency f5 of the third resonance and the resonance point frequency f6 of the fourth resonance satisfy: f5x150%≤f6, or f6≤f5x50%.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first switch branch 331 is coupled between the first connection point 311 and the floor 400 through the first switch 321.

[0188] In some embodiments, the second switch branch 332 is coupled between the first connection point 311 and the second feeding circuit 320 through the first switch 321, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0189] It should be understood that when the difference between the resonance point frequency of the third resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is large, the impedance matching between the second feeding circuit 320 and the second feeding point 212 is poor, the second switch branch 332 is coupled between the first connection point 311 and the second feeding circuit 320 through the first switch 321, the second switch branch 332 can be used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the second radiator 310, and at the same time can be used to adjust the impedance between the second feeding circuit 320 and the second feeding point 212, so that the second antenna 300 has better radiation characteristics (for example, working bandwidth) in the third frequency band.

[0190] In some embodiments, the second antenna 300 can further include a matching circuit 333. The matching circuit 333 is coupled between the second feeding circuit 320 and the second feeding point 212. The matching circuit 333 is configured to adjust the impedance between the second feeding circuit 320 and the second feeding point 212.

[0191] In some embodiments, the frame 11 includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that are angularly intersected. The length of the first side 131 is greater than the length of the second side 132.

[0192] It should be understood that the second side 132 can be a top side or a bottom side of the electronic device 100. For the sake of brevity of the discussion, only the case where the second side 132 is the top side of the electronic device 100 is described. Here, the top side / bottom side of the electronic device 100 can be understood as the top / bottom side in a normal use state, for example, the top / bottom side in a desktop user interface (GUI) in a mobile phone.

[0193] When the electronic device 100 is a foldable electronic device including multiple housings, the second side 132 can be understood as a short side of the electronic device 100 in a folded state or a short side in an unfolded state. For example, in a large folding type (which can be understood as a folding state in which a desktop user interface can still be displayed), the second side 132 can be understood as a short side of the electronic device 100 in a folded state. For another example, in a small folding type (which can be understood as an unfolded state in which a desktop user interface can be displayed), the second side 132 can be understood as a short side of the electronic device 100 in an unfolded state. The second side 132 can be understood accordingly in the embodiments of the present application, and for the sake of brevity of the discussion, will not be described again.

[0194] In some embodiments, the first position 201 and the second position 202 are located on the first side 131. In some embodiments, the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 are located on the first side 131.

[0195] It should be understood that when the first radiator 210 is located on the first side 131, the first antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency).

[0196] And when the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 310 are both located on the first side 131, by switching the switch branch in the second antenna 300, the direction pattern generated by the first antenna 200 can produce a large offset.

[0197] In some embodiments, the distance (e.g., the maximum distance) between the first radiator 210 and the second side 132 along the extension direction (e.g., the z direction) of the first side 131 is less than or equal to one half of the length of the second side 132.

[0198] It should be understood that the first radiator 210 can be located in the upper half region (the region close to the top, the positive half-axis region of the z-axis in the coordinate system) of the electronic device 100, avoiding the influence on the first antenna 200 in the process that the user holds the electronic device 100, and being more conducive to improving the radiation characteristics of the first antenna 200, so as to make the electronic device 100 have good communication quality with the signal source.

[0199] FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of current distribution of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 1. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 2.

[0200] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity of the discussion, only the case that the first tuning circuit includes two switch branches (the first switch branch and the second switch branch) is taken as an example for illustration in the simulation results shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and in actual production or design, the first tuning circuit can include more than or equal to two switch branches, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0201] In the case 1, the first switch branch is coupled with the first connection point, and in the case 2, the second switch branch is coupled with the first connection point.

[0202] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the first connection point is coupled with the first switch branch and the second switch branch respectively, the current distribution on the ground plane changes. For example, the current zero region on the ground plane changes. The current zero region can be understood as a region including a current zero point, or can also be understood as a region within a certain range (for example, 5 mm) from the current zero point. The current zero point can be understood as a minimum current value, and the currents on both sides of the current zero point are reversed.

[0203] Since the current distribution on the ground plane changes, the radiation pattern of the first antenna also changes. The first antenna can have different radiation patterns, and the first antenna can switch the radiation pattern generated by the first antenna according to the communication status (for example, including the relative position) between the signal source and the electronic device, to ensure the communication quality between the signal source and the electronic device.

[0204] FIGS. 9 and 10 are simulation results of the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 9 is a simulation result of the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 1. FIG. 10 is a simulation result of the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the first antenna 200 in the electronic device 100 in case 2.

[0205] It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the two-dimensional directional diagrams shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, Theta can be understood as an angle with the positive direction of the z-axis in the coordinate axis, and Phi can be understood as an angle with the positive direction of the x-axis in the xoy plane of the coordinate axis.

[0206] In the two-dimensional directional diagrams shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the data in the table can be understood as the gain in the area formed by the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate. The higher the gain value, the better the radiation characteristics of the first antenna in the area, and the lower the gain value, the worse the radiation characteristics of the first antenna in the area. For example, in the two-dimensional directional diagrams shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the dark area is the area with high gain and low gain (green for low gain (concave point), and red area for high gain).

[0207] For the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the simulation results shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, only the case that the first tuning circuit includes two switch branches (the first switch branch and the second switch branch) is described, and in actual production or design, the first tuning circuit can include more than or equal to two switch branches, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0208] As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, when the first connection point is coupled with the first switch branch and the second switch branch respectively, the first antenna can generate a first directional diagram and a second directional diagram respectively. Wherein, the maximum radiation direction of the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram is different from the direction of the concave point, and the first antenna can switch the directional diagram generated by the first antenna according to the communication condition (for example, including relative position) between the signal source and the electronic device, to ensure the communication quality between the signal source and the electronic device.

[0209] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0210] As shown in FIG. 11, the electronic device 100 further includes a third antenna 500.

[0211] Wherein, the frame 11 further includes a fifth position 205 and a sixth position 206. The frame 11 is coupled with the floor 400 at the fifth position 205. The frame 11 has an insulating gap or is coupled with the floor 400 at the sixth position 206.

[0212] The third antenna 500 includes a third radiator 510, a third feed circuit 520 and a second tuning circuit 530.

[0213] Wherein, the third radiator 510 includes a conductive part of the frame 11 between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206. At least part of the third radiator 510 is arranged spaced apart from the floor 400.

[0214] The third radiator 510 includes a third feeding point 213. The third feeding circuit 520 is coupled with the third feeding point 213.

[0215] The third radiator 510 can also include a second connecting point 312. The second tuning circuit 530 is coupled with the second connecting point 312. The second tuning circuit 530 includes a second switch 521, a third switch branch 531 and a fourth switch branch 532. The third switch branch 531 and the fourth switch branch 532 are coupled with the second connecting point 312 through the second switch 521.

[0216] It should be understood that the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 11 is different from the electronic device 100 shown in FIGS. 4-6 only in the third antenna 500. In the electronic device 100 shown in FIGS. 6-9, the first antenna 200 generates a directional pattern through the first switch branch 331 and the second switch branch 332 in the first tuning circuit 330 of the second antenna 300.

[0217] In the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 11, the first antenna 200 generates a directional pattern through the first tuning circuit 330 of the second antenna 300 and the second tuning circuit 530 in the third antenna 500 together. Due to the third antenna 500, the switch branches in the second tuning circuit 530 can make the directional pattern generated by the first antenna 200 have more flexible adjustment characteristics, which can be suitable for more use scenarios. In some embodiments, the first radiator 210, the first feeding circuit 220, the first switch branch 331 and the third switch branch 531 are used to generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiments. In some embodiments, the first radiator 210, the first feeding circuit 220, are used to generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiments.

[0218] In some embodiments, the fifth position 205, the sixth position 206, the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 are arranged in sequence. The first radiator 210 is located between the second radiator 310 and the third radiator 510.

[0219] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity of discussion, only the first radiator 210 located between the second radiator 310 and the third radiator 510 is taken as an example for illustration in the embodiments of the present application, and in actual production or design, the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, the fourth position 204, the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206 can also be arranged in sequence, as shown in FIG. 12, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0220] In some embodiments, the frame 11 has an insulating gap at the sixth position 206. The third radiator 510 is a structure with a first end being a ground end and a second end being an open end.

[0221] It should be understood that in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 11, the third antenna 500 is similar to the second antenna 300, has the same technical characteristics, and the relevant description can refer to the description of the second antenna 300 in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0222] In the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 11, only the electronic device 100 includes the first antenna, the second antenna 300 and the third antenna 500 is taken as an example, in actual production or design, the electronic device 100 can also include a larger number of antennas, for example, a fourth antenna, and the directional diagram is generated through the different tuning circuits of the multiple antennas, so that the directional diagram generated by the first antenna 200 has more flexible adjustment characteristics and can be applied to more use scenarios. The number of antennas included in the electronic device 100 is not limited by the embodiments of the present application, and for the sake of brevity of the discussion, it will not be repeated one by one.

[0223] For the sake of brevity of the discussion, the similar parts of the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 to the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 will not be repeated one by one, for example, the similar parts include: the boundary condition of the first radiator 210; the category of the switch branch; the second radiator 310 can generate a parasitic resonance, and the relationship between the parasitic resonance and the resonance generated by the first radiator 210; the first frequency band; the second frequency band and the third frequency band; and the like.

[0224] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first position, a second position, a third position and a fourth position, the frame having an insulation gap or being coupled with the floor at the first position, the frame having an insulation gap or being coupled with the floor at the second position, the frame being coupled with the floor at the third position, the frame having an insulation gap or being coupled with the floor at the fourth position; a first antenna, the first antenna comprising: a first radiator, the first radiator comprising a conductive part of the frame between the first position and the second position, at least part of the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a first feed circuit, the first radiator comprising a first feed point, the first feed circuit being coupled with the first feed point; a second antenna, the second antenna comprising: a second radiator, the second radiator comprising a conductive part of the frame between the third position and the fourth position, at least part of the second radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a second feed circuit, the second radiator comprising a second feed point, the second feed circuit being coupled with the second feed point; a first tuning circuit, the first tuning circuit comprising a first switch, a first switch branch and a second switch branch, the second radiator comprising a first connection point, the first switch branch and the second switch branch being coupled with the first connection point through the first switch; wherein the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the first switch branch are configured to generate a first directional pattern, the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch are configured to generate a second directional pattern, the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern being different.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein: the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position are arranged in sequence; wherein the frame has an insulation gap at the first position, the second position and the fourth position.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the first switch branch are configured to generate a first resonance; the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch are configured to generate a second resonance, a resonance frequency band of the first resonance and a resonance frequency band of the second resonance comprising a first frequency band.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein: a distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to one half of a first wavelength, the first wavelength being a vacuum wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the first frequency band.

5. The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than or equal to a length of the first radiator or a length of the second radiator.

6. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein: at a resonance point of the first resonance, a current on the floor presents a first current distribution. At a resonance point of the second resonance, a current on the floor presents a second current distribution, the first current distribution and the second current distribution being different. 7.The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, based on the first radiator, the first feeding circuit and the first switch branch being used to generate a first resonance, the second radiator and the first switch branch being used to generate a first parasitic resonance, a resonance point frequency f1 of the first resonance and a resonance point frequency f3 of the first parasitic resonance satisfying: |f1-f3|≥f1×10%, and / or, based on the first radiator, the first feeding circuit and the second switch branch being used to generate a second resonance, the second radiator and the second switch branch being used to generate a second parasitic resonance, a resonance point frequency f2 of the second resonance and a resonance point frequency f4 of the second parasitic resonance satisfying: |f2-f4|≥f1×10%. 8.The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, the second radiator, the second feeding circuit and the first switch branch are used to generate a third resonance, a resonance frequency band of the third resonance including a second frequency band; the second radiator, the second feeding circuit and the second switch branch are used to generate a fourth resonance, a resonance frequency band of the fourth resonance including a third frequency band, the second frequency band and the third frequency band being different. 9.The electronic device of claim 8, wherein, the first switch branch is coupled between the first connection point and the floor through the first switch; the second switch branch is coupled between the first connection point and the second feeding circuit through the first switch; wherein a resonance point frequency f5 of the third resonance and a resonance point frequency f6 of the fourth resonance satisfy: f5×150%≤f6, or, f6≤f5×50%. 10.The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, a length L1 of the first radiator and a length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1×50%≤L2≤L1×150%. 11.The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, the bezel includes a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, a length of the first side being greater than a length of the second side; the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position are located on the first side. 12.The electronic device of claim 11, wherein, a distance between the first radiator and the second side along an extension direction of the first side is less than or equal to one half of the length of the second side. 13.The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, the bezel includes a fifth position and a sixth position, the bezel being coupled with the floor at the fifth position, the bezel having an insulating gap or being coupled with the floor at the sixth position; the electronic device further includes a third antenna, the third antenna including: a third radiator comprising a conductive portion of the bezel between the fifth position and the sixth position, at least part of the third radiator being disposed spaced apart from the floor; a third feed circuit, the third radiator comprising a third feed point, the third feed circuit being coupled with the third feed point; a second tuning circuit, the second tuning circuit comprising a second switch, a third switch branch and a fourth switch branch, the second radiator comprising a second connection point, the third switch branch and the fourth switch branch being coupled with the second connection point through the second switch.

14. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein: the first radiator, the first feed circuit, the first switch branch and the third switch branch are configured to generate the first directional pattern; the first radiator, the first feed circuit and the second switch branch and the fourth switch branch are configured to generate the second directional pattern.

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