Universal tooling for assembly and welding of coupler beams

Abstract

The present invention discloses a universal tooling for assembling and welding a coupler beam. The tooling is symmetrically arranged, and includes a platform, a clamping control unit, a pushing control unit, and a flipping control unit. The platform serves as a substrate, and the clamping control unit, the pushing control unit, and the flipping control unit are respectively arranged as hydraulic devices. The clamping control unit clamps the T-beam and the vertical plate of the coupler beam so as to clamp the coupler beam on the tooling. The pushing control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam on the oblique side of the coupler beam, that is, at both ends of the oblique beam, and cooperates with the slide rail to push the oblique beam inward. The flipping control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam, and the hydraulic force flips the T-beam outward to realize the reverse deformation before welding. The present invention adopts a hydraulic device for clamping, and has an adjustable reverse deformation function. The constant clamping force and the consistent reverse deformation state can effectively control the welding deformation of the product, and the automation degree is high, and the production efficiency is improved. The universality is high, and a set of tooling can assemble 3 categories and 5 types of coupler beam products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a rail transit vehicle body system and is applied to the technical field of assembly and welding of vehicle body components, chassis and hanging parts. The welded parts are high-stress, high-load bearing, key components of the vehicle body. Specifically, it relates to a universal tooling for assembly and welding of a hook beam. Background Art

[0002] The aluminum alloy coupler crossbeam is welded on the coupler mounting seat to strengthen the vehicle traction components. It is a key component with high stress and high load, and has extremely high requirements for welding quality. At the same time, in order to achieve the best stress state, this component also has high requirements for the relative position relationship between the vertical plate and the T-beam (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure): The flatness of the T-beam is required to be ≤1mm; the flatness of the vertical plate after welding is ≤1mm, and the verticality between the vertical plate and the T-beam is ≤1mm.

[0003] In the past, the welding of this component was carried out by manual assembly, pre-deformation before welding, and then segmented welding on a special welding tool to control welding deformation. However, due to the certain deviation of manual assembly and clamping on the special welding tool, the final product size deviation increased the difficulty of subsequent component adjustment work, which was specifically reflected in: ① The accuracy and size of each assembly were inconsistent, resulting in inconsistent products after welding, increasing the difficulty and diversity of subsequent adjustment, and the tooling was not universal; ② The amount of welding reverse deformation was controlled by experience, but the deformation of the component after welding was uncontrollable due to the temperature of the plate and the stress state of the T-beam. ③ At the same time, the clamping of the existing special tooling adopts the method of screw clamping. The uncontrollable clamping force is not effective in controlling welding deformation. There are 16 sets of screw clamping devices on the tooling. The clamping and disassembly time of each time is between 80 and 90 minutes, while the welding time is 30 minutes. The clamping and disassembly process seriously affects the production efficiency. ④ There are many weld joints in manual segmented welding, which increases the grinding of weld joints during welding and the grinding of joints after welding, which affects the production efficiency. At the same time, there are also welding quality risks such as poor fusion of weld joints. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, a universal tooling for the assembly and welding of a hook crossbeam has been developed. The universal tooling for the assembly and welding of a hook crossbeam of the present invention adopts a hydraulic device for clamping and has an adjustable anti-deformation function. The constant clamping force and consistent anti-deformation state can effectively control the welding deformation of the product, and the clamping and disassembly time is reduced to 10 minutes, and the efficiency is increased by 80%. In addition, the tooling will work with the welding robot in the later stage to achieve a complete weld without joints, reducing the grinding workload during and after welding.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A universal tooling for assembling and welding a coupler beam is symmetrically arranged, and comprises a platform, a clamping control unit, a pushing control unit and a flipping control unit. The platform serves as a substrate, and the clamping control unit, the pushing control unit and the flipping control unit are respectively arranged as hydraulic devices; the clamping control unit clamps the T-beam and the vertical plate of the coupler beam so as to clamp the coupler beam on the tooling; the pushing control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam on the oblique side of the coupler beam, that is, at both ends of the oblique beam, and cooperates with the slide rail to push the oblique beam inward; the flipping control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam, and the hydraulic force causes the T-beam to flip outward to realize reverse deformation before welding.

[0007] Further, the pressing control unit, the pushing control unit and the turning control unit include a plurality of pressing hydraulic cylinders, pushing hydraulic cylinders and turning hydraulic cylinders respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping hydraulic cylinder includes a second clamping hydraulic cylinder for clamping the T-beam, and a first clamping hydraulic cylinder for clamping the vertical plate, both of which include a clamping block, a connecting part and a clamping structure. The clamping block directly contacts the clamping vertical plate or T-beam, and the clamping structure and the clamping block are connected through the connecting part. The clamping structure is a hydraulic rod, and the clamping and loosening of the vertical plate or T-beam are achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

[0009] Furthermore, each T-beam is provided with a plurality of the second pressing hydraulic cylinders in sequence, and each vertical plate is provided with a plurality of the first pressing hydraulic cylinders.

[0010] Furthermore, the slide rail is arranged on the platform, and the hydraulic cylinders for tightening located at both ends of the inclined beam move forward and backward on the slide rail respectively, moving the inclined beam to the vertical plate and tightening and fixing it, thereby adapting to the angle changes between the two T-beams of different types of coupler beams.

[0011] Furthermore, by the combined action of the flipping hydraulic cylinders arranged at both ends of the T-beam, the force is opposite to the direction of the welding deformation of the T-beam, so that the T-beam flips in the opposite direction of the welding deformation, and the welding area of ​​the coupler beam can be reversely deformed after the coupler beam is clamped.

[0012] Furthermore, the flipping hydraulic cylinder includes a flipping block and a flipping structure, the flipping block and the flipping structure are connected to each other, the flipping block contacts the T-beam, and flipping is achieved by force acting on the T-beam; the flipping structure is a hydraulic rod, and flipping is achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod is extended to flip outward, and the hydraulic rod is retracted to return to the normal position. The advantages of the present invention are as follows: effectively control the welding deformation of the aluminum alloy car coupler beam, reduce the workload of component adjustment; reduce the number of welding joints, improve the overall welding quality and weld bearing strength, reduce the amount of weld grinding, reduce the labor intensity of production operators, and improve work comfort; improve production efficiency, reduce the unit price of products, and increase product profit margins.

[0013] Currently, there are three major categories of aluminum alloy coupler beam components, with different product sizes and angles. This universal tooling for coupler beam assembly and welding can meet the assembly and welding needs of these three major categories of aluminum alloy coupler beams, with greater versatility, cost savings, and site saving.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has a high degree of automation, which can reduce the labor intensity of production operators; it can simplify the product production process and improve production efficiency; it has high versatility, and a set of tooling can assemble three categories of five types of coupler beam products (mainly the changes in the length of two T-beams or the angle between them), thereby improving site utilization and saving costs; the hydraulic device is firmly and reliably clamped, which can effectively control welding deformation, reduce the subsequent adjustment work and improve production efficiency; it can be used in conjunction with automated welding equipment to realize automated welding production, improve the working environment of production operators, and reduce the labor intensity of welding and grinding operators; and the automated welding welds have high welding quality, thereby improving the competitiveness of the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the coupler beam;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tooling of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a hydraulic cylinder for clamping Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a hydraulic cylinder for clamping Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder for pushing;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder for turning;

[0021] Among them, 1-T-beam, 2-vertical plate, 3-hydraulic cylinder for clamping, 31-first hydraulic cylinder for clamping, 311-first clamping block, 312-first connecting part, 313-first clamping structure, 32-second hydraulic cylinder for clamping, 321-second clamping block, 322-second connecting part, 323-second clamping structure, 4-pushing hydraulic cylinder, 41-pushing structure, 42-sliding mechanism, 5-flipping hydraulic cylinder, 51-flipping structure, 52-flipping block, 6-platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] The universal tooling for assembling and welding the coupler beam of this embodiment works in a hydraulic pressing and flipping manner, with a constant pressing force and an adjustable anti-deformation angle, so that the welding deformation of the product can be effectively controlled.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the universal tooling for assembly and welding of the hook beam of this embodiment includes a platform 6 and a pressing control unit, a pushing control unit and a flipping control unit. The platform 6 is used as a base plate to place other components of the tooling, that is, other components are arranged on it. The universal tooling for assembly and welding of the hook beam is symmetrically arranged.

[0025] The clamping control unit, the pushing control unit and the flipping control unit are used for clamping and assembling the coupler beam product. The clamping control unit, the pushing control unit and the flipping control unit respectively include a plurality of clamping hydraulic cylinders 3, a pushing hydraulic cylinder 4 and a flipping hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0026] The clamping hydraulic cylinder 3 is used to clamp the aluminum alloy hook beam. The hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the clamping block through the mechanical structure to clamp the workpiece and fix it closely on the welding fixture to control welding deformation. Figure 2 The pressing hydraulic cylinder 3 is divided into two types: one is used to press the T-beam 1, namely the second pressing hydraulic cylinder 32, and the other is used to press the vertical plate 2, namely the first pressing hydraulic cylinder 31.

[0027] A plurality of second pressing hydraulic cylinders 32 are sequentially disposed on each T-beam 1 , and a plurality of first pressing hydraulic cylinders 31 are disposed on each vertical plate 2 .

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the first clamping hydraulic cylinder 31 includes a first clamping block 311, a first connecting portion 312 and a first clamping structure 313. The first clamping block 311 directly contacts the clamping vertical plate 2. The first connecting portion 312 respectively connects the first clamping block 311 and the first clamping structure 313. The first clamping structure 313 and the first clamping block 311 are connected via the first connecting portion 312. The first clamping structure 313 is a hydraulic rod. The clamping and loosening are achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod. The vertical plate 2 can be finally clamped by extending the hydraulic rod, and the vertical plate 2 can be finally loosened by retracting the hydraulic rod.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the second clamping hydraulic cylinder 32 includes a second clamping block 321, a second connecting portion 322 and a second clamping structure 323. The second clamping block 321 directly contacts and clamps the T-beam 1. The second connecting portion 322 respectively connects the second clamping block 321 and the second clamping structure 323. The second clamping structure 323 and the second clamping block 321 are connected via the second connecting portion 322. The second clamping structure 323 is a hydraulic rod. The clamping and loosening are achieved by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod. The T-beam 1 can be finally loosened by extending the hydraulic rod, and the T-beam 1 can be finally clamped by retracting the hydraulic rod.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 4 pushes the inclined beam (i.e., the inclined T-beam, the T-beam 1 located on the inclined side of the coupler beam) inward to meet the requirements of assembly and welding of three major types of aluminum alloy coupler beams, that is, to meet the universality requirements.

[0031] Specifically, the tightening hydraulic cylinders 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the inclined beam, and the slide rails are used under the tightening hydraulic cylinders 4. The slide rails are arranged on the platform 6. The tightening hydraulic cylinders 4 at both ends of the inclined beam can move forward and backward on the slide rails, thereby realizing the tightening function of the inclined beam, thereby adapting to the angle change between the two T-beams 1 of different types of coupler beams. The hydraulic pressure acts on the sliding mechanism 42 through the hydraulic rod. The sliding mechanism 42 includes a slide rail fixed on the platform and a tooling for clamping the inclined T-beam. The tooling for clamping the inclined T-beam can move on the slide rail fixed on the platform 6 by telescoping the hydraulic rod.

[0032] The pushing hydraulic cylinder 4 is also provided with a pushing structure 41, that is, the pushing and loosening are realized by the hydraulic rod of the pushing structure 41, the hydraulic rod is extended to push the inclined beam, and the hydraulic rod is retracted to loosen the inclined beam.

[0033] Note: The moving part is the inclined T-beam. When the inclined T-beam of the hook beam contacts the hook beam vertical plate 2, it slides and pushes to stop and is fixed.

[0034] Pushing hydraulic cylinder 4: The size of the assembly gap can be controlled by adjusting the pushing stroke to achieve automated welding (i.e., the production operator only needs to place the coupler beam component according to the tooling limit, and then operate the tooling to complete the clamping, and the clamping consistency is good, which makes it easy to achieve automatic welding).

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the flipping hydraulic cylinder 5 plays the role of flipping the T-beam 1. After the clamping of the hook crossbeam component is completed, the welding area of ​​the hook crossbeam component can be reversely deformed to further control the welding deformation. The flipping hydraulic cylinder 5 is set at both ends of each T-beam 1. The flipping hydraulic cylinders 5 at both ends work together to exert a force in the opposite direction of the warping deformation of the T-beam 1, so that the T-beam 1 is reversely deformed. Figure 2 The two T-beams 1 on the left side are turned outward (ie, turned leftward) by using the turning hydraulic cylinder 5 on the oblique beam, and the T-beams 1 on the right-angle side are also turned outward (ie, turned rightward) by using the turning hydraulic cylinder 5 on the right-angle side.

[0036] The hydraulic cylinder 5 for turning over includes a turning block 52 and a turning structure 51, which are connected to each other; the turning block 52: realizes the turning over of the tooling as a whole by acting on the components with force. The turning structure 51 is a hydraulic rod, which realizes the turning over by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic rod is extended to turn over outwards, and the hydraulic rod is retracted to return to the normal position.

[0037] The universal tooling for assembling and welding the hook beam is used for work, and the specific welding process is as follows:

[0038] ① Place the components of the coupler beam on the universal assembly welding tooling;

[0039] ② Operate the clamping control unit to clamp the hook beam vertical plate 2 and the T-beam 1 onto the tooling;

[0040] ③Operate the tightening control unit to push the inclined beam inwards;

[0041] ④Operate welding equipment to perform section welding;

[0042] ⑤ Operate the flip control unit to flip the T-beam 1 outward at a certain angle to complete the anti-deformation production before welding;

[0043] ⑥Automatically weld the components.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Universal tooling for assembly and welding of coupler beams, characterized in that: The tooling is symmetrically arranged, and includes a platform, a clamping control unit, a pushing control unit and a flipping control unit. The platform serves as a substrate, and the clamping control unit, the pushing control unit and the flipping control unit are respectively arranged as hydraulic devices; the clamping control unit clamps the T-beam and the vertical plate of the coupler beam so as to clamp the coupler beam on the tooling; the pushing control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam on the oblique side of the coupler beam, that is, at both ends of the oblique beam, and cooperates with the slide rail to push the oblique beam inward; the flipping control unit is arranged at both ends of the T-beam, and the hydraulic force causes the T-beam to flip outward to realize reverse deformation before welding.

2. The universal tooling for assembling and welding the coupler beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing control unit, the pushing control unit and the turning control unit respectively include a plurality of hydraulic cylinders for pressing, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders for pushing and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders for turning.

3. The universal tooling for assembling and welding the coupler beam as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping hydraulic cylinder includes a second clamping hydraulic cylinder for clamping the T-beam, and a first clamping hydraulic cylinder for clamping the vertical plate, both of which include a clamping block, a connecting part and a clamping structure. The clamping block directly contacts the clamping vertical plate or T-beam, and the clamping structure and the clamping block are connected through the connecting part. The clamping structure is a hydraulic rod, and the clamping and loosening of the vertical plate or T-beam are achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

4. The universal tooling for assembling and welding the coupler beam as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the second pressing hydraulic cylinders are sequentially arranged on each T-beam, and a plurality of the first pressing hydraulic cylinders are arranged on each vertical plate.

5. The universal tooling for assembling and welding a coupler beam as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The slide rail is arranged on the platform, and the hydraulic cylinders for tightening located at both ends of the inclined beam move forward and backward on the slide rail respectively, and the inclined beam is moved to the vertical plate to be tightened and fixed, so as to adapt to the angle change between the two T-beams of different types of coupler beams.

6. The universal tooling for assembling and welding a coupler beam as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: Through the joint action of the flipping hydraulic cylinders arranged at both ends of the T-beam, the force is opposite to the direction of the welding deformation of the T-beam, so that the T-beam flips in the opposite direction of the welding deformation, and the welding area of ​​the coupler beam can be reversely deformed after the clamping of the coupler beam is completed.

7. The universal tooling for assembling and welding a coupler beam as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The flipping hydraulic cylinder includes a flipping block and a flipping structure, which are connected to each other. The flipping block contacts the T-beam and flipping is achieved by force acting on the T-beam. The flipping structure is a hydraulic rod, and flipping is achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic rod is extended to flip outward, and the hydraulic rod is retracted to return to the normal position.

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