A dock upgrading and reconstruction structure and a dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method

Abstract

The present invention provides a dock upgrading and reconstruction structure and a dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method, wherein the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure includes a new dock arranged on the side of the old dock facing the water area, a plurality of foundation piles are arranged at the bottom of the new dock, a space is left between the old dock and the new dock, a plurality of transition plates are arranged in the space, one end of the transition plate is arranged on the old dock, and the other end is arranged on the new dock, a buffer plate is arranged between the rear side of the transition plate and the old dock, a buffer plate is also arranged between the front side and the new dock, and a buffer pad is arranged between the lower side of the transition plate and the old dock and the new dock. The present invention improves the construction efficiency of the upgrading and reconstruction of the old dock, shortens the construction period, reduces the construction cost, and reduces the operation interruption time caused by the upgrading and reconstruction of the old dock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dock construction, and in particular relates to a dock upgrading and reconstruction structure and a dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method. Background Art

[0002] Some old gravity-type docks that have been in operation for decades can no longer meet modern operational needs because of the design standards and berthing capacity requirements of the time. In particular, under the influence of decades of wind, waves, currents, berthing forces, and ship mooring forces, the pile foundations and superstructures have experienced concrete damage, protective layer shedding, and exposed steel bars. The upgrading and reconstruction of old gravity-type docks is a requirement of the times.

[0003] The traditional gravity-type old dock includes the old dock formed by the gravity blocks and the riprap prism under the old dock. The method of reconstructing the traditional gravity-type old dock is as follows: most of the gravity-type block structures of the old dock are completely crushed, dismantled and transported away by machinery such as hook machines, hydraulic crushers and dump trucks, and then the old dock is rebuilt on the original site. Because the gravity blocks are hard, have many layers and a large number, a large number of different types of mechanical equipment and manpower are required to break and transport the blocks, and the construction period is long. In addition, the instability of the gravity-type dock blocks themselves also brings great construction safety risks to the demolition work. Usually, there are thick riprap prisms under most of the gravity-type dock blocks, which are not easy to remove and have a great impact on the construction of the new dock. It often causes the foundation piles to be unable to penetrate the remaining riprap prisms under the original old dock, resulting in pile foundation cracks, broken and other quality accidents. The new dock requires a longer period and funds, resulting in a longer interruption of the operation time of the upgrading and reconstruction of the old gravity dock. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dock upgrading and reconstruction structure and a dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method, so as to improve the construction efficiency of the old dock upgrading and reconstruction, shorten the construction period, reduce the construction cost, and reduce the operation interruption time of the old dock caused by the upgrading and reconstruction.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dock upgrading and reconstruction structure comprises a new dock arranged on the side of an old dock facing the water area, a plurality of foundation piles are arranged at the bottom of the new dock, a space is left between the old dock and the new dock, a plurality of transition plates are arranged in the space, one end of the transition plate is arranged on the old dock, and the other end is arranged on the new dock, a buffer plate is arranged between the rear side of the transition plate and the old dock, a buffer plate is also arranged between the front side of the transition plate and the new dock, and buffer pads are respectively arranged between the lower side of the transition plate and the old dock and the new dock.

[0007] Furthermore, a gap is left between two adjacent transition plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the transition plate includes a prefabricated surface layer and a cast-in-place surface layer arranged on the prefabricated surface layer, and the cast-in-place surface layer is provided with galvanized angle steel edging.

[0009] Furthermore, the newly built wharf includes a plurality of caps connected in sequence, one end of the cap is provided with a protrusion, the other end is provided with a groove, the protrusion and the groove are matched, and a buffer plate is provided between two adjacent caps.

[0010] Furthermore, a harbor is provided on one side of the riprap prism under the old wharf, a riprap revetment is provided between the riprap prism and the harbor, the riprap revetment includes an inverted filter layer and a bottom protection stone layer arranged above the inverted filter layer, and the connection between the bottom protection stone layer and the harbor is flush.

[0011] Furthermore, the foundation piles include straight piles and fork piles, and a plurality of straight piles and fork piles are respectively provided, and the number of straight piles and fork piles is the same and corresponds to each other. A plurality of straight piles are provided along the front line direction of the newly built wharf, and a plurality of fork piles are provided along the front line direction of the newly built wharf, wherein the straight piles are provided near the old wharf and on one side of the corresponding fork piles, and / or the foundation piles are PHC piles, and a steel pile shoe is provided at the tip of the foundation pile, and a pile core insertion section is provided at the top of the foundation pile, and the pile core insertion section is composed of a steel cage and pile core concrete filled with the steel cage, and the pile core insertion section is inserted into the newly built wharf.

[0012] Furthermore, a front track is provided on the upper surface of the newly built wharf, the fork piles are composed of two inclined piles, and the front track is located above the middle of the two inclined piles; and / or, a construction trench is dug on the upper surface of the old wharf, and a gravel cushion layer, a track beam cushion layer and a track beam are provided at the bottom of the construction trench from bottom to top, a rear track is provided on the track beam, and a backfill sand layer, a gravel backfill layer and an interlocking block layer are provided between the side of the track beam close to the newly built wharf and the construction trench from bottom to top, and a backfill sand layer and an interlocking block layer are provided on the other side from bottom to top.

[0013] Furthermore, a front track groove is provided on the upper surface of the newly built wharf, the front track is arranged in the front track groove, a plurality of cable grooves parallel to each other are provided between the front track and the front edge of the newly built wharf, a cable trench is provided in the newly built wharf, the front track groove and the cable trench are connected with the cable trench through a drainage pipe, and the lower part of the cable trench is connected with the outside of the newly built wharf through the drainage pipe; and / or, a rear track groove is provided on the track beam, and the rear track groove is connected with the gravel backfill layer through a drainage pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of rubber fenders and ladders are provided on the side of the new wharf away from the old wharf, a plurality of mooring posts are provided on the top of the new wharf, and a plurality of mooring structures are provided on the bottom of the new wharf close to the wharf surface.

[0015] The present invention also provides a dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0016] All auxiliary facilities on the old dock were removed, and the upper part of the front edge of the old dock was broken and leveled;

[0017] Dredging the harbor basin according to preset design requirements;

[0018] A plurality of foundation piles are respectively set at the locations where the new dock is to be built;

[0019] The filter layer and the bottom protection stones are dumped in layers between the riprap prism and the harbor to form the riprap revetment;

[0020] Building a casting formwork for a new wharf on multiple foundation piles, and pouring concrete in the casting formwork to form a new wharf;

[0021] Buffer plates and buffer pads are set at positions on the old wharf and the newly built wharf corresponding to those where the transition plates are to be installed, and the transition plates are laid in the space between the old wharf and the newly built wharf.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the existing old wharf is used as a foundation to bear the upper load during the operation period, and only the upper part of the front edge of the old wharf is removed, which greatly saves construction time and materials; a transition plate is used to overlap the new wharf and the old wharf to prevent stress damage caused by hard connection between the new wharf and the old wharf, and a buffer plate and a buffer pad are provided between the transition plate and the old wharf, and a buffer plate and a buffer pad are also provided between the transition plate and the new wharf. When the new wharf is subjected to the squeezing force of the docked ships, a part of the force can be transmitted to the old wharf behind through the transition plate and the buffer plate. On the one hand, the coordination and consistency between the old wharf and the new wharf are guaranteed, and the displacement between the two is reduced or even avoided to buffer the displacement between different structures. On the other hand, the bearing capacity of the old wharf is fully utilized, and the stress on the new wharf is effectively alleviated, thereby increasing the overall bearing capacity of the wharf, and further avoiding stress damage between the new wharf and the old wharf; the present invention utilizes existing resources and avoids the demolition of the old wharf, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the upgrading and reconstruction of the old wharf, shortening the construction period, greatly reducing the construction cost, and reducing the operation interruption time of the old wharf caused by the upgrading and reconstruction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part C of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a distribution diagram of the pile positions of the foundation piles of the cap in the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is the installation diagram of the new dock construction support system in the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of the wharf upgrading and reconstruction construction method.

[0032] In the figure, 1-new wharf, 11-cap, 111-protrusion, 112-groove, 12-front track, 121-front track groove, 13-cable trough, 14-cable trench, 15-drain pipe, 16-rubber fender, 17-ladder, 18-bollard, 19-mooring member, 2-foundation pile, 21-straight pile, 22-fork pile, 3-transition plate, 4-buffer plate, 5-buffer pad, 6-harbor, 7-riprap revetment , 71-inverted filter layer, 72-bottom stone layer, 8-old wharf, 81-gravel cushion layer, 82-track beam cushion layer, 83-track beam, 831-rear track groove, 84-rear track, 85-backfill sand layer, 86-gravel backfill layer, 87-interlocking block layer, 88-riprap prism, 91-steel hoop, 92-main beam, 93-secondary beam, 94-distribution beam, 95-pad beam, 96-leveling layer, 97-bottom formwork. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a plan view of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention. A dock upgrading and reconstruction structure includes a newly built dock 1 arranged on the side of the old dock 8 facing the water area, a plurality of foundation piles 2 are arranged at the bottom of the newly built dock 1, a space is left between the old dock 8 and the newly built dock 1, a plurality of transition plates 3 are arranged in the space, one end of the transition plate 3 is arranged on the old dock 8, and the other end is arranged on the newly built dock 1, a buffer plate 4 is arranged between the rear side of the transition plate 3 and the old dock 8, a buffer plate 4 is also arranged between the front side and the newly built dock 1, and a buffer pad 5 is arranged between the lower side of the transition plate 3 and the old dock 8 and the newly built dock 1, respectively.

[0039] The newly built wharf 1 is set on the side of the old wharf 8 facing the water area, making full use of the existing resources of the old wharf 8, greatly reducing the construction cost, and reducing the operation interruption time of the old wharf 8 due to upgrading and transformation. In one embodiment, the newly built wharf 1 includes a plurality of caps 11 connected in sequence, one end of the cap 11 is provided with a protrusion 111, the other end is provided with a groove 112, the protrusion 111 and the groove 112 are matched, and a buffer plate 4 is provided between two adjacent caps 11. During construction, the protrusion 111 of one cap 11 is inserted into the groove 112 of another cap 11, so that all caps 11 form a whole. When a ship berths at a cap 11, the entire newly built wharf 1 jointly resists the horizontal loads such as the ship berthing force and the mooring force, which is beneficial to the overall stability of the newly built wharf 1. The buffer plate 4 is used to buffer the two adjacent caps 11 to avoid direct collision and contact between the two caps 11, thereby avoiding collision and damage to the caps. Preferably, the thickness of the buffer plate 4 between the two adjacent caps 11 is 2 cm.

[0040] In the space between the new wharf 1 and the old wharf 8, a plurality of transition plates 3 are overlapped along the front line of the wharf, with the side of the transition plate 3 facing the new wharf 1 as the front side, and the side of the transition plate 3 facing the old wharf 8 as the rear side. Buffer plates 4 are placed between the front and rear sides of the transition plate 3 and the new wharf 1 and the old wharf 8 to buffer the displacement between the new wharf 1 and the old wharf 8, and avoid direct collision between the transition plate 3 and the new wharf 1 or the old wharf 8. At the same time, the lower side of the transition plate 3 is also prevented from directly colliding with the new wharf 1 and the old wharf 8 by buffer pads 5, and avoids collision and damage between the transition plate 3, the new wharf 1 and the old wharf. Preferably, the transition plate 3 is a foam board, and the buffer pad 5 is a rubber pad. In practical applications, when a ship is docked, it may generate a horizontal force on the newly built dock 1. Since the newly built dock 1 will change its position at this time, it will be buffered by the buffer plates 4 on the front and rear sides of the transition plate 3 and then transferred to the old dock 8. Therefore, this design uses the existing old dock 8 as a foundation to bear the upper load during the operation period, and prevents the force damage caused by the fixed connection between the newly built dock 1 and the old dock 8, thereby ensuring the stability of the newly built dock 1 and the old dock 8. In one embodiment, the transition plate 3 includes a prefabricated surface layer and a cast-in-place surface layer arranged on the prefabricated surface layer, and the cast-in-place surface layer is provided with a galvanized angle steel edging. The prefabricated surface layer can be uniformly manufactured in the prefabrication yard and can be uniformly hoisted after being transported to the construction site, thereby improving the construction efficiency. The cast-in-place surface layer is directly cast on the construction site, which can make the top elevation of the cast-in-place surface layer more accurately controlled, so that the top elevation of the transition plate 3 is consistent with the front elevation of the old dock 8. Preferably, the thickness of the prefabricated surface layer is 30 cm. In one embodiment, a gap is left between two adjacent transition plates 3. This design is used for drainage, so the width of the gap can be determined according to the actual design requirements. Generally speaking, a gap width of 2cm can meet the dock drainage needs.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The distribution diagram of the pile positions of the foundation piles of the pier in the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention. The bottom of the newly built dock 1 is supported by multiple foundation piles 2. In one embodiment, the foundation piles 2 include straight piles 21 and forked piles 22. Multiple straight piles 21 and forked piles 22 are respectively provided. The number of straight piles 21 and forked piles 22 is the same and one-to-one corresponding. Multiple straight piles 21 are provided along the dock front line direction of the newly built dock 1, and multiple forked piles 22 are provided along the dock front line direction of the newly built dock 1. The straight piles 21 are provided near the old dock 8 and are provided on one side of the corresponding forked piles 22; the forked piles 22 are provided near the water area, and the forked piles 22 and the straight piles 21 are staggered, so that the forked piles 22 and the straight piles 21 can reach the same bearing layer without affecting each other. The fork pile 22 is set up on the basis of meeting the horizontal force of the newly built dock 1, and on the premise of avoiding the bottom collision of the ship, it plays a good role of tension and compression rod. Because when the sea surface is windy and wave is large, the moored ships will produce a large mooring force and berthing force on the newly built dock 1. The mooring force is a pulling force, which is outward in direction, and the berthing force is a thrust, which is inward in direction. After a long time, this pulling force or thrust will affect the stability of the newly built dock 1. The fork pile 22 is composed of two inclined piles, and the bottom of one inclined pile is inclined outward, that is, the bottom of the inclined pile is set toward the water area, and the other is inclined. The bottom of the inclined pile is inclined inward, that is, the bottom of the inclined pile is set toward the land. When the ship has a pulling force on the newly built dock 1, the inclined pile with the bottom inclined outward is equivalent to giving the newly built dock 1 a horizontal support force. When the ship has a thrust on the newly built dock 1, the inclined pile with the bottom inclined inward is also equivalent to giving the newly built dock 1 a horizontal support force, which ensures the stability of the ship berthing and also improves the stability of the newly built dock 1. At the same time, the multiple straight piles 21 set near the old dock 8 can play a good supporting role for the newly built dock 1. Therefore, the straight piles 21 and the fork piles 22 as the pile foundation can well resist the horizontal loads such as the mooring force and berthing force of the ship, ensure the stability of the newly built dock 1, and then ensure the normal operation of the reconstructed dock. Further, eleven straight piles 21 and eleven fork piles 22 are set at the bottom of each cap 11. In one embodiment, the cap 11 includes a first pier section near the water area and a second pier section near the old dock 8, and the thickness of the first pier section is greater than the thickness of the second pier section. The fork pile 22 is arranged at the bottom of the first pier section, and the straight pile 21 is arranged at the bottom of the second pier section. The second pier section bears less horizontal loads such as mooring force and berthing force during the operation stage, so the thickness of the second pier section is smaller than that of the first pier section. Preferably, the thickness of the first pier section is 1.9m, and the thickness of the second pier section is 1.6m. The thickness of the second pier section is 30cm less than that of the first pier section, thereby reducing the engineering workload and material consumption of the newly built wharf 1.

[0042] The foundation pile 2 is a PHC pile. The tip of the foundation pile 2 is provided with a steel pile shoe. The top of the foundation pile 2 is provided with a pile core insertion section. The pile core insertion section is composed of a steel cage and a pile core concrete filled with the steel cage. The pile core insertion section is inserted into the newly built wharf 1. The length of the steel pile shoe is determined by the thickness of the bearing layer. The concrete section of the foundation pile 2 stays in a relatively soft soil layer such as a sand layer or a clay layer, and the steel pile shoe stays in a hard soil layer such as a strongly weathered rock layer or a hard clay layer. The foundation pile 2 can be sufficiently buried deep in the soil and the pull-out and compressive bearing capacities can meet the requirements. The cross pile shoe embedded in the steel pile shoe can enhance the penetration ability of the foundation pile 2 without too many total hammer blows, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the foundation pile 2. The foundation pile 2 is inserted into the cap 11 through the pile core insertion section, and the insertion distance is preferably 1.2m. The foundation pile 2 and the cap 11 are rigidly connected by the pile core insertion section to jointly bear the external load.

[0043] Furthermore, a harbor 6 is provided on one side of the riprap prism 88 below the old dock 8, and a riprap revetment 7 is provided between the riprap prism 88 and the harbor 6. The riprap revetment includes an inverted filter layer 71 and a bottom protection block stone layer 72 arranged above the inverted filter layer 71, and the bottom protection block stone layer 72 is flush with the connection between the harbor 6. The dredging depth of the harbor 6 is determined by the draft depth of the berthing ships at the dock, and the slope of the harbor 6 is 1:2. The riprap revetment 7 is to maintain the integrity of the bank slope and to maintain the safety and foundation stability of the old dock 8. In one embodiment, the thickness of the inverted filter layer 71 is 30 cm, the thickness of the bottom protection block stone layer 72 is 90 cm, the inverted filter layer 71 is formed by throwing and filling crushed stones with a diameter of 30 mm to 150 mm, and the bottom protection block stone layer 72 is formed by throwing and filling stones with a single weight of 200 to 300 kg.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B of the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention. Figure 6It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the C part of the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure of the present invention. Further, a front track 12 is provided on the upper surface of the newly built dock 1, and the fork pile 22 is composed of two inclined piles, and the front track 12 is located in the upper position between the two inclined piles; and / or, a construction groove is dug on the upper surface of the old dock 8, and a crushed stone cushion layer 81, a track beam cushion layer 82 and a track beam 83 are provided at the bottom of the construction groove from bottom to top, and a rear track 84 is provided on the track beam 83, and a backfill sand layer 85, a crushed stone backfill layer 86 and an interlocking block layer 87 are provided between the side of the track beam 83 close to the newly built dock 1 and the construction groove from bottom to top, and a backfill sand layer 85 and an interlocking block layer 87 are provided on the other side from bottom to top. In the operation stage, a mobile crane can be installed on the front track 12 and the rear track 84, and when the cargo ship is moored at the dock, the crane can be used for unloading, and the front track 12 is located in the upper position between the two inclined piles, so that the load above the front track 12 can be evenly transferred to the two inclined piles during the operation stage. Further, a front track groove 121 is provided on the upper surface of the newly built dock 1, the front track 12 is arranged in the front track groove 121, a plurality of cable grooves 13 are provided between the front track 12 and the front edge of the newly built dock 1, a cable groove 14 is provided in the newly built dock 1, the front track groove 121 and the cable groove 13 are connected to the cable groove 14 through a drainage pipe 15, and the lower part of the cable groove 14 is connected to the outside of the newly built dock 1 through the drainage pipe 15; and / or, a rear track groove 831 is provided on the track beam 83, and the rear track groove 831 is connected to the gravel backfill layer 86 through the drainage pipe 15. When drainage is required in the rainy season, the accumulated water on the side of the newly built dock 1 close to the water area is connected to the cable groove 14 through the front track groove 121 and the cable groove 13, and the accumulated water is discharged into the cable groove 14, and then discharged to the water area below the newly built dock 1 through the cable groove 14, and the accumulated water on the side of the newly built dock 1 away from the water area is discharged into the water area through the gap between the transition plates 3. Preferably, the newly built dock 1 gradually slopes downward from the middle to the front and rear sides. The rear track 84 area on the old dock 8 is connected to the gravel backfill layer 86 through the rear track groove 831, and the water is discharged into the gravel backfill layer 86 and the backfill sand layer 85. Preferably, the drain pipe 15 is a UPVC pipe, the drain pipe 15 connecting the front track groove 121 and the cable trench 14 is the first drain pipe 15, the drain pipe 15 connecting the cable trench 13 and the cable trench 14 is the second drain pipe 15, the drain pipe 15 connecting the cable trench 14 to the outside is the third drain pipe 15, and the drain pipe 15 connecting the rear track groove 831 and the gravel backfill layer 86 is the fourth drain pipe 15. The first drain pipe 15, the second drain pipe 15, the third drain pipe 15 and the fourth drain pipe 15 are all provided in plurality, and are arranged at equal intervals along the front line direction of the dock. Furthermore, a plurality of rubber fenders 16 and a plurality of ladders 17 are provided on the side of the newly built dock 1 away from the old dock 8, a plurality of mooring posts 18 are provided on the top of the newly built dock 1, and a plurality of mooring structures 19 are provided on the bottom end of the newly built dock 1 close to the dock surface.The rubber fender 16 plays a role in buffering the impact force of the newly built dock 1 when the ship is moored.

[0045] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The present invention also provides a method for upgrading and renovating a wharf, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1. Dismantle all auxiliary facilities on the old wharf 8, and break and level the upper part of the front edge of the old wharf 8;

[0047] S2, dredging the harbor 6 according to the preset design requirements;

[0048] S3, setting a plurality of foundation piles 2 at the set positions of the newly built wharf 1;

[0049] S4, filling the filter layer 71 and the bottom protection stones between the riprap prism 88 and the harbor 6 in layers to form the riprap revetment 7;

[0050] S5, building a casting template for the new wharf 1 on the plurality of foundation piles 2, and pouring concrete in the casting template to form the new wharf 1;

[0051] S6. Buffer plates 4 and buffer pads 5 are arranged at positions on the old wharf 8 and the newly built wharf 1 corresponding to where the transition plates 3 are installed, and the transition plates 3 are laid in the space between the old wharf 8 and the newly built wharf 1 .

[0052] In the above step S1, all debris on the upper surface of the old dock 8 is cleared and ancillary facilities such as the mooring posts 18, rubber fenders 16 and ladders 17 on the old dock 8 are dismantled. A hydraulic breaker is used to break the upper concrete blocks on the front edge of the old dock 8. After the breaking is completed, concrete is used for leveling to ensure the flatness of the front edge of the old dock 8, so that the front edge of the old dock 8 forms an L-shaped structure.

[0053] In the above step S2, the draft of the berthed vessel after the dock upgrade is preset as the design requirement, and the draft of the berthed vessel determines the depth of the dredging of the harbor 6. Before the dredging construction of the harbor 6 is carried out, a surface settlement observation point and a deep displacement observation hole are set on the old dock 8 to observe the displacement of the old dock 8 during the subsequent pile sinking construction. The surface settlement observation point can be set at the intersection of the gravity block of the old dock 8 and the backfill soil at the rear, and a surface settlement observation point is set every 30 meters. The deep displacement observation hole can be set in the middle position of the vertical surface of the old dock 8 along the water area to the land. The depth of the deep displacement observation hole is 2m below the riprap prism 88 below the old dock 8, and the deep displacement observation should be set at a deep displacement observation point of 0.5m within the depth range. The stability of the old dock 8 structure is monitored every day during the dredging period. Since the dredging operation also partially removes the riprap prisms 88 under the old wharf 8, the horizontal displacement of the old wharf 8 during the dredging operation should also be monitored to prevent the dredging operation from removing too much of the riprap prisms 88 under the old wharf 8, which would cause excessive displacement of the old wharf 8 during the construction of the foundation piles 2 and affect the stability of the structure.

[0054] In the above step S3, pile driving construction is carried out at the set position of the newly built wharf 1, and the pile driving construction of the foundation pile 2 adopts the dual hammer closing standards of penetration and pile tip elevation. Before the pile driving construction, it is necessary to carry out test pile driving. Combined with the geological conditions, the pile foundation design parameters such as drivability, soil penetration depth, penetration, pile tip elevation, and single pile bearing capacity are verified, and necessary adjustments and optimizations are carried out later; the performance of the pile driving ship group, the selection of pile hammers, the height jump of the pile driving hammer core, the existing design pile tip elevation and the hammer closing standard are tested to see whether they can meet the construction requirements; and the engineering pile driving process parameters are collected and sorted out. Due to the limited driving range of the pile ship, the pile driving construction is carried out in the order of pile driving from the land side to the water side. First, the straight piles 21 are driven, and then the middle row of inclined piles and the row of inclined piles close to the water are driven. The pile sinking operation should be tested for high strain and low strain to detect whether the bearing capacity of the foundation pile 2 meets the design requirements and whether the integrity of the pile body can reach the state of normal use after the pile sinking operation. After the pile sinking operation is completed, the pile section of the foundation pile 2 with the top elevation exceeding the preset design height value shall be cut off so that the top elevation of the foundation pile 2 meets the design height value. After the pile cutting operation, the foundation pile 2 shall be clamped, and the adjacent foundation piles 2 shall be connected into one body with I-beams to prevent the foundation pile 2 that has been sunk from being horizontally displaced, broken or even falling into the water due to external loads such as wind and waves, collision with construction ships or subsequent riprap operations.

[0055] In the above step S4, the revetment construction is carried out, and the filter layer 7111 and the bottom protection stone 12 are dumped in layers. The thickness of the filter layer 7111 is 30 cm, and the thickness of the bottom protection stone 12 is 90 cm. The filter layer 7111 can be made of crushed stones with a diameter of 30 mm to 150 mm, and the bottom protection stone is made of stones with a single weight of 200 to 300 kg / piece. The construction surface is divided into grids according to the bottom protection stone 12, and the stone dumping operation is carried out grid by grid. During the stone dumping operation, the height of the stone dumping surface should be measured at any time to prevent it from exceeding the design line, causing the water depth to fail to meet the design requirements and causing the ship to run aground during the operation period.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8This is the installation diagram of the support system for the construction of a new dock in the dock upgrade and reconstruction structure of the present invention. In the above step S5, before the construction of the new dock 1 is carried out, the I-beam of the pile clamp structure in step S3 should be removed. Then, a steel hoop 91 is used to clamp the foundation pile 2, and the steel hoop 91 is used as a support. A support system of different layers is placed on the steel hoop 91, and the support system includes a main beam 92, a secondary beam 93, a distribution beam 94, a cushion beam 95, a leveling layer 96, and a bottom template 97. If the position of the fork pile 22 corresponds to the construction of the first pier, the main beam 92, the secondary beam 93, the distribution beam 94, and the bottom template 97 are placed on the steel hoop 91 of the fork pile 22, and the position of the straight pile 21 corresponds to the construction of the second pier. The thickness of the second pier is about 30 cm less than that of the first pier, and the main beam 92, the secondary beam 93, the distribution beam 94, the cushion beam 95, the leveling layer 96, and the bottom template 97 are placed on the steel hoop 91 of the straight pile 21. Then the prefabricated mooring member 19 is hoisted, and the mooring member 19 is temporarily supported by the steel of the support system. The side template of the new dock 1 is installed on the bottom template 97, and the template of the cable trench 14 is installed in the side template. The embedded parts of the mooring column 18, the drain pipe 15, the cable trough 13, and the front track 12 are buried. Then concrete is poured in the side template. The foundation 11 is poured in layers, and the pouring thickness of each layer does not exceed 50cm. The pouring thickness of the top layer is 30cm, and fiber is added to the pouring concrete of the top layer to enhance the crack resistance. The mooring member 19 is poured into a whole with the new dock 1 through the reserved anchor bars on its upper part. Finally, the rubber fender 16, ladder 17, front track 12 and mooring column 18 and other ancillary facilities are installed. After the new dock 1 reaches the preset strength, the steel clamp 91 on the support system and the foundation pile 2 is removed. The construction of the rear track 84 can be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the new wharf 1. A construction trench is excavated on the old wharf 8. A crushed stone cushion layer 81 is first constructed in the construction trench. The track beam cushion layer 82 is a plain concrete structure cast above the crushed stone cushion layer 81. The rear track 84 beam 83 is constructed. The rear track 84 is constructed. Backfill sand is used to backfill the completed construction trench. The backfill sand is compacted by flushing and vibrating rods to form a backfill sand layer 85. A crushed stone backfill layer 86 is thrown above the backfill sand layer 85 between the side of the track beam 83 close to the new wharf 1 and the construction trench. After the overall backfilling, a roller is used. Then, an interlocking block layer 87 is laid on the rear track 84 beam 83. The interlocking block layer 87 is composed of multiple interlocking blocks. The upper surface of the interlocking block layer 87 is flush with the upper surface of the old wharf 8. The strength of the interlocking block should meet the requirement of 50MPa. After laying, a flat plate tamping machine is used to compact it, and filling sand is sprinkled between the interlocking blocks.

[0057] Then the buffer plate 4 and the buffer pad 5 are set. The vertical sections of the front of the old wharf 8 and the rear side of the newly built wharf 1 are both L-shaped, including vertical and horizontal surfaces. The buffer plate 4 is set on the vertical surface of the front of the old wharf 8 along the front line of the wharf. Similarly, the buffer plate 4 is set on the vertical surface of the rear side of the newly built wharf 1 along the front line of the wharf. The buffer pad 5 is placed on the horizontal surface of the front of the old wharf 8 and the horizontal surface of the rear side of the newly built wharf 1 according to the setting position of the transition plate 3. Then, the prefabricated surface layer of the transition plate 3 is set on the buffer pad 5, and the cast-in-place surface layer of the transition plate 3 is cast on site on the prefabricated surface layer. The cast-in-place surface layer is wrapped with galvanized angle steel.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the existing old dock 8 is used as the foundation to bear the upper load during the operation period, and only the upper part of the front edge of the old dock 8 is demolished, which greatly saves construction time and materials; the new dock 1 and the old dock 8 are overlapped by a transition plate 3 to prevent the force damage caused by the hard connection between the new dock 1 and the old dock 8, and a buffer plate 4 and a buffer pad 5 are provided between the transition plate 3 and the old dock 8, and a buffer plate 4 and a buffer pad 5 are also provided between the transition plate 3 and the new dock 1. When the new dock 1 is squeezed by the docked ships, part of the force can be transmitted to the old dock behind through the transition plate 3 and the buffer plate 4. The wharf 8, on the one hand, ensures the coordination and consistency between the old wharf 8 and the newly built wharf 1, reduces or even avoids the displacement between the two, so as to buffer the displacement between different structures; on the other hand, it gives full play to the bearing capacity of the old wharf 8, effectively alleviates the force on the newly built wharf 1, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the wharf as a whole, and further avoids the force damage between the newly built wharf 1 and the old wharf 8; the present invention utilizes existing resources and avoids the demolition of the old wharf 8, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the upgrading and reconstruction of the old wharf 8, shortening the construction period, greatly reducing the construction cost, and reducing the operation interruption time of the old wharf 8 caused by the upgrading and reconstruction.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dock upgrading and reconstruction structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a new dock arranged on the side of the old dock facing the water area, wherein a plurality of foundation piles are arranged at the bottom of the new dock, a space is left between the old dock and the new dock, a plurality of transition plates are arranged in the space, one end of the transition plate is arranged on the old dock, and the other end is arranged on the new dock, a buffer plate is arranged between the rear side of the transition plate and the old dock, a buffer plate is also arranged between the front side of the transition plate and the new dock, a buffer pad is arranged between the lower side of the transition plate and the old dock and the new dock respectively, the transition plate comprises a prefabricated surface layer and a cast-in-place surface layer arranged on the prefabricated surface layer, and the cast-in-place surface layer is provided with a It is wrapped with galvanized angle steel, and the foundation piles include straight piles and fork piles. A front track is provided on the upper surface of the newly built wharf, and the fork piles are composed of two inclined piles. The front track is located above the middle of the two inclined piles. A construction groove is dug on the upper surface of the old wharf, and a crushed stone cushion layer, a track beam cushion layer and a track beam are arranged in sequence from bottom to top at the bottom of the construction groove. A rear track is arranged on the track beam, and a backfill sand layer, a crushed stone backfill layer and an interlocking block layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top between the side of the track beam close to the newly built wharf and the construction groove, and a backfill sand layer and an interlocking block layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the other side.

2. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A gap is left between two adjacent transition plates.

3. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The newly built wharf comprises a plurality of caps connected in sequence, one end of the cap is provided with a protrusion, and the other end is provided with a groove, the protrusion and the groove are matched, and a buffer plate is provided between two adjacent caps.

4. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A harbor is provided on one side of the riprap prism under the old wharf, a riprap revetment is provided between the riprap prism and the harbor, the riprap revetment comprises an inverted filter layer and a bottom protection block stone layer arranged above the inverted filter layer, and the connection between the bottom protection block stone layer and the harbor is flush.

5. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straight piles and fork piles are arranged in plurality, the number of the straight piles and fork piles are the same and correspond one to one, the plurality of the straight piles are arranged along the front line direction of the newly built wharf, and the plurality of the fork piles are arranged along the front line direction of the newly built wharf, wherein the straight piles are arranged near the old wharf and on one side of the corresponding fork piles.

6. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation pile is a PHC pile, the tip of the foundation pile is provided with a steel pile shoe, the top of the foundation pile is provided with a pile core insertion section, the pile core insertion section is composed of a steel cage and pile core concrete filled with the steel cage, and the pile core insertion section is inserted into the newly built wharf.

7. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A front track groove is provided on the upper surface of the newly built wharf, the front track is arranged in the front track groove, a plurality of cable grooves parallel to each other are provided between the front track and the front edge of the newly built wharf, a cable trench is provided in the newly built wharf, the front track groove and the cable trench are connected with the cable trench through a drainage pipe, and the lower part of the cable trench is connected with the outside of the newly built wharf through the drainage pipe.

8. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The track beam is provided with a rear track groove, and the rear track groove is connected to the crushed stone backfill layer through a drainage pipe.

9. The dock upgrading and reconstruction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rubber fenders and a plurality of ladders are arranged on the side of the newly built wharf away from the old wharf, a plurality of mooring posts are arranged on the top of the newly built wharf, and a plurality of mooring components are arranged on the bottom of the newly built wharf close to the wharf surface.

10. A dock upgrading and reconstruction construction method, used for constructing the dock upgrading and reconstruction structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: All auxiliary facilities on the old wharf are removed, and the upper part of the front edge of the old wharf is broken and leveled; Dredging the harbor basin according to preset design requirements; A plurality of foundation piles are respectively arranged at the locations where the new dock is to be built, wherein the foundation piles include straight piles and forked piles; The filter layer and the bottom protection stones are dumped in layers between the riprap prism and the harbor to form the riprap revetment; A casting template for a new wharf is built on the plurality of foundation piles, and concrete is cast in the casting template to form the new wharf, wherein a front track is provided on the upper surface of the new wharf, the fork pile is composed of two inclined piles, and the front track is located above the middle of the two inclined piles; a construction groove is dug on the upper surface of the old wharf, a crushed stone cushion layer, a track beam cushion layer and a track beam are sequentially provided at the bottom of the construction groove from bottom to top, a rear track is provided on the track beam, a backfill sand layer, a crushed stone backfill layer and an interlocking block layer are sequentially provided between the side of the track beam close to the new wharf and the construction groove from bottom to top, and a backfill sand layer and an interlocking block layer are sequentially provided on the other side from bottom to top; Buffer plates and buffer pads are arranged at positions corresponding to the transition plates installed on the old wharf and the newly built wharf, and the transition plates are laid in the space between the old wharf and the newly built wharf. The transition plates include a prefabricated surface layer and a cast-in-place surface layer arranged on the prefabricated surface layer, and the cast-in-place surface layer is provided with galvanized angle steel edging.

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