A low voltage intelligent power distribution module

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module, including an input circuit unit, a drive control circuit unit, a detection circuit unit, a communication circuit unit and an output circuit unit. The input circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch for switching and controlling the current protection threshold set on the input circuit. The current, voltage, temperature and other data are transmitted to the display instrument of the whole vehicle through the CAN communication circuit unit, and overcurrent, overheating, high temperature alarm, power-off protection and automatic fault prevention protection measures are set on the input circuit, the output circuit and the PCB control board, so as to reasonably protect the battery and reasonably distribute the battery or the power supply of the whole vehicle to each electrical appliance, thereby solving the problems of the single function of the distribution box in the existing products, the inability to effectively protect the large current, the potential safety hazards of the distribution box, the low functional integration and the inability to automatically prevent faults and reasonably protect the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile circuit power distribution, in particular to a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module. Background Art

[0002] At present, the low-voltage distribution box of traditional automobiles is mainly composed of various fuses, various power relays, connectors, busbars, shell bodies and upper shells. There are also new low-voltage distribution boxes that consider welding smart chips, various power switch modules and other electrical components on the PCB board to replace some busbars, small current fuses and relays in the traditional low-voltage distribution box, but its basic principle is to connect the lines according to the design schematic diagram based on the power demand of the whole vehicle, supply power to the low-voltage power of the whole vehicle, and provide over-current protection and over-temperature protection.

[0003] However, with the increasing application of intelligent electronic products in automobiles and more and more electrical appliances installed after the vehicle, when the added electrical appliances in the vehicle draw power from the low-voltage distribution box, the traditional low-voltage distribution box cannot determine the importance of each electrical appliance, and cannot actively and intelligently distribute the total current obtained from the battery or other vehicle power supply system on demand. When the battery or other vehicle power supply system is insufficient or there are too many electrical appliances at work, some important electrical appliances may not work properly.

[0004] The existing distribution box has no intelligent control function, nor can it transmit current, voltage, temperature and other data to the display instrument through CAN communication. It also does not have overcurrent, high temperature alarm, power-off protection, automatic fault prevention and reasonable protection of the battery.

[0005] Therefore, with the advancement of electrification and intelligent technology, there is an urgent need to invent a new type of distribution box or distribution module to replace the old distribution box. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The present invention establishes an intelligent control system, transmits current, voltage, temperature and other data to the display instrument of the whole vehicle through the CAN communication circuit unit, and at the same time arranges overcurrent, overheating, high temperature alarm, power-off protection and automatic fault prevention protection measures on the input circuit, output circuit and PCB control board, so as to reasonably protect the battery and reasonably distribute the battery or power supply of the whole vehicle to various electrical appliances, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module, including a PCB control board, an input circuit unit, a drive control circuit unit, a detection circuit unit, a communication circuit unit and an output circuit unit respectively arranged on the PCB control board,

[0008] An input circuit unit connected to the drive control circuit unit via an input circuit;

[0009] The driving control circuit unit includes an intelligent control chip and an output circuit power distribution unit respectively connected to the intelligent control chip through an output circuit, wherein:

[0010] The intelligent control chip is used to set a control program, and the control program at least includes an output circuit current protection threshold setting program, and a protection program for detecting and judging overheating and overcurrent of circuits in the input circuit unit and the output circuit unit;

[0011] The output circuit power supply distribution unit is used to judge, divide and switch the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit channel;

[0012] The detection circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit and is used to monitor the load status of all connected output circuits and the temperature rise data of the PCB control board in real time;

[0013] A communication circuit unit, connected to the drive control circuit unit, is used to establish a signal transmission channel to feed back the detection signal of the detection circuit unit to an external terminal;

[0014] The output circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch for switching and controlling the current protection threshold set on the output circuit. The output circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit to perform overheating and overcurrent detection on the circuit output by the output circuit unit.

[0015] As an improvement to the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module described in the present invention, the output circuit power supply distribution unit includes a current limiting unit, a self-recovery circuit power supply unit and a power failure control unit, wherein:

[0016] The current limiting unit is used to provide current limiting power supply to the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit;

[0017] The self-restoring circuit power supply unit is used to release the current limiting or power-off state of the output circuit within the normal current value range and restore the power supply;

[0018] A power-off control unit is used to execute the power-off instruction of the electrical appliance output by the intelligent control chip.

[0019] As an improvement to the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module described in the present invention, the PCB control board also includes a fault prevention unit and a channel circuit control unit, wherein:

[0020] The anti-failure unit is used to ensure that the output circuit can be powered normally when the intelligent control chip program cannot work normally;

[0021] The channel circuit control unit is connected to the intelligent control chip and is provided with two control programs for executing the line switching control instructions of the intelligent control chip when a self-detection fault occurs.

[0022] As an improvement to the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module described in the present invention, the detection circuit unit includes a current measurement unit, a circuit diagnosis unit, an early warning unit, an output circuit detection unit and a PCB control board temperature detection unit respectively connected to the intelligent control chip, wherein:

[0023] The current measuring unit is used to detect the current size of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module;

[0024] The circuit diagnosis unit is used to detect the fault status of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module;

[0025] The warning unit is used to output a warning signal;

[0026] The output circuit detection unit is used to detect the load state connected to the output circuit;

[0027] The PCB control board temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature rise state of the entire PCB control board.

[0028] As an improvement to the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module described in the present invention, the output end of the output circuit unit is respectively connected to a load interface and a terminal interface, wherein:

[0029] The load interface and the terminal interface are used to connect an external load, and a temperature sensor and a load overheat and overcurrent protector are provided at the terminal interface. When a large current in any of the output circuits connected to the load interface or the terminal interface is overheated or overcurrent occurs, the MOS switch is disconnected separately, and after the fault is eliminated, the output circuit self-restores.

[0030] In a possible implementation method of a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module proposed in the present invention, it also includes a display circuit unit connected to the drive control circuit unit, and the display circuit unit visualizes the load status and early warning judgment signal monitored by the detection circuit unit through the communication circuit unit.

[0031] As an improvement to the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module described in the present invention, the communication circuit unit has a built-in CAN network communication circuit unit to connect to the CAN bus of the entire vehicle.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention establishes an intelligent control system, transmits data such as current, voltage, temperature to the display instrument of the whole vehicle through the CAN communication circuit unit, and sets overcurrent, overheating, high temperature alarm, power-off protection and automatic fault prevention protection measures on the input circuit, output circuit and PCB control board to reasonably protect the battery, and reasonably distribute the battery of the whole vehicle or the power of the whole vehicle to various electrical appliances, thereby solving the problems of the single function of the distribution box in the existing products, the inability to effectively protect the large current, the safety hazards of the distribution box, the low functional integration, the inability to automatically prevent faults and the reasonable protection of the battery.

[0034] 2. The present invention divides the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances in the output circuit by setting up an output circuit power supply distribution unit for the output circuit. When the current input by the battery of the whole vehicle cannot meet the current demand of all electrical appliances at the same time, the priority is automatically allocated to ensure that the important electrical appliances have priority in power supply. At the same time, by setting up a method for executing power supply distribution instructions on the PCB control board, when it is detected that the temperature rise of the entire PCB control board is too high, the output channels of large current are divided into importance and power supply priority, and some of the output channels are disconnected. According to practical use, the handling measures of one or more disconnected channels are considered to switch the control lines until the fault is eliminated, thereby ensuring the safety of the important electrical appliances of the whole vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The disclosure of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components. Among them:

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module proposed in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can propose a variety of interchangeable structural modes and implementation modes. Therefore, the following specific implementation modes and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as the whole of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, as an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a technical solution: a low-voltage intelligent power distribution module, including a PCB control board, an input circuit unit, a drive control circuit unit, a detection circuit unit, a communication circuit unit and an output circuit unit respectively arranged on the PCB control board. It can be understood that the present invention establishes an intelligent control system, and transmits current, voltage, temperature and other data to the display instrument of the whole vehicle through the CAN communication circuit unit. At the same time, overcurrent, overheating, high temperature alarm, power-off protection and automatic fault prevention protection measures are set on the input circuit, output circuit and PCB control board to reasonably protect the battery, and reasonably distribute the battery of the whole vehicle or the power supply of the whole vehicle to various electrical appliances, thereby solving the problems of the single function of the distribution box in the existing products, the inability to effectively protect large currents, the potential safety hazards of the distribution box, the low functional integration and the inability to automatically prevent faults and reasonably protect the battery. It should be noted that

[0039] The input circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch, which is used to switch and control the current protection threshold set on the input circuit. In specific implementation, according to the needs of the whole vehicle, different current protection thresholds can be set in the control program of the intelligent control chip, and a MOS switch corresponding to the protection threshold can be set on the input circuit;

[0040] The drive control circuit unit includes an intelligent control chip, an output circuit power supply distribution unit respectively connected to the intelligent control chip through an output circuit, and a PCB control board power supply distribution unit. By setting the output circuit to build the output circuit power supply distribution unit, the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances in the output circuit are divided. When the current input by the battery of the whole vehicle cannot meet the current demand of all electrical appliances at the same time, the priority is automatically allocated to ensure that the important electrical appliances have priority in power use; at the same time, by setting the method of executing the power supply distribution instruction on the PCB control board, when it is detected that the temperature rise of the entire PCB control board is too high, the importance and power supply priority of the output channel of the large current are divided, and some of the output channels are disconnected. According to the practical use situation, the treatment measures of one or more disconnected channels are considered, and the control line is switched until the fault is eliminated, so as to ensure the safety of the important electrical appliances of the whole vehicle.

[0041] It should be noted that the intelligent control chip is used to set the control program, and the control program at least includes the output circuit current protection threshold setting program, and the protection program for detecting and judging overheating and overcurrent in the circuits in the input circuit unit and the output circuit unit. In the specific implementation, the intelligent control chip is installed on the PCB control board, and controls the logic state of each circuit through the CAN communication circuit unit of the whole vehicle, and monitors the current, temperature state, fault prediction alarm and self-recovery fault signals of the load carried by each circuit;

[0042] The output circuit power supply distribution unit is used to judge, divide and switch the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit channel. It should be noted that the output circuit power supply distribution unit includes a current limiting unit, a self-recovery circuit power supply unit and a power failure control unit, wherein:

[0043] A current limiting unit is used to provide current limiting power supply to electrical appliances connected to the output circuit;

[0044] A self-recovery circuit power supply unit, used to release the current limiting or power-off state of the output circuit within the normal current value range and restore power supply;

[0045] The power-off control unit is used to execute the power-off instruction of the electrical appliances output by the intelligent control chip. It can be understood that before leaving the factory, a control program is set in the intelligent control chip to divide the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit. When the current input by the battery cannot meet the current demand of all electrical appliances at the same time, it will be automatically distributed according to the priority to ensure that important electrical appliances have priority in power supply and that some electrical appliances are powered by current limiting. When the current demand is reduced to a normal value, the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module automatically recovers through the self-recovery circuit power supply unit. At this time, the power-off control unit issues an instruction and the current limiting measure is released, thereby realizing truly intelligent distribution. The control process of the customized intelligent control chip is to limit the current first and then cut off the power. The power-off control unit is connected to the early warning unit to achieve an alarm before the power is cut off. The alarm or early warning signal issued will be fed back to the vehicle CAN bus through the CAN network communication circuit unit built into the communication circuit unit, and transmitted to the dashboard for display, wherein the displayed content information includes a combination of implementation information in various ways such as image text color and alarm buzzer prompt;

[0046] It should be noted that when the alarm or warning information signal is output for warning, the warning information signal is upgraded to a power-off signal, and is still displayed and reminded on the dashboard. At the same time, it will also be transmitted through a combination of multiple methods including image text color and alarm buzzer prompts. It can be understood that this transmission method is different from the transmission method of the alarm signal;

[0047] The PCB control board power supply distribution unit is used to divide the importance and power supply priority of the current channels in the output circuit. It should be noted that the PCB control board power supply distribution unit is arranged on the PCB control board, and the PCB control board is also provided with a fault prevention unit and a channel circuit control unit, wherein:

[0048] The anti-failure unit is used to ensure that the output circuit can be powered normally when the intelligent control chip program cannot work normally;

[0049] A channel circuit control unit is connected to the intelligent control chip and is provided with two control programs, and is used to execute the line switching control instructions of the intelligent control chip when a self-detection fault occurs;

[0050] It can be understood that when the PCB control board temperature detection unit in the detection circuit unit detects that the temperature rise of the entire PCB control board is too high, the intelligent control chip executes the instructions for the importance of the large current output channel and the power supply priority division, and gives priority to ensuring the power supply of the most important electrical appliances. Other circuits will make judgments based on the control strategy of the intelligent control chip and the actual real-time heating conditions of each circuit channel. When the intelligent control chip determines that the less important output circuit channel needs to be cut off, it will adopt a mode of first alarm and then power off. The display content includes a combination of implementation information such as image text color and alarm buzzer prompts. At the same time, it is fed back to the vehicle CAN bus through the CAN network communication circuit unit built into the communication circuit unit, and then transmitted to the dashboard for display.

[0051] At the same time, it should be noted that the processing measures of the intelligent control chip for the PCB control board after the alarm is issued are: when the PCB control board temperature detection unit detects that the temperature rise of the PCB control board gradually returns to the normal usage range, the intelligent control chip controls the early warning unit and the alarm is lifted; when the PCB control board temperature detection unit detects that the temperature rise of the PCB control board has not improved and is about to exceed the established controllable range of the alarm threshold, the alarm will be upgraded to the disconnection of some circuit channels, and the processing measures of one or more alarms and disconnections will be considered based on practical usage.

[0052] The detection circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit and is used to monitor the load status of all output circuits and the temperature rise data of the PCB control board in real time. It can be understood that by setting the current measurement, diagnosis function and early warning function for the internal circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module, the load status of all output circuit channels can be monitored in real time, and the CAN network communication circuit unit is connected to the vehicle CAN communication bus, and the monitored load status and early warning judgment are displayed on the vehicle instrument through analog signal conversion, which is convenient for users to find, monitor and remind;

[0053] The communication circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit and is used to establish a signal transmission channel to feed back the detection signal of the detection circuit unit to an external terminal, wherein the external terminal is a computing terminal of the whole vehicle. Based on the above technical concept, the communication circuit unit has a built-in CAN network communication circuit unit to connect to the CAN bus of the whole vehicle;

[0054] The output circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch, which is used to switch and control the current protection threshold set on the input circuit. In the specific implementation, according to the needs of the whole vehicle, different current protection thresholds can be set in the control program of the intelligent control chip, and a MOS switch with a corresponding protection threshold can be set on the output circuit; the output circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit for overheating and overcurrent detection of the circuit output by the output circuit unit. It should be noted that the output circuit unit is connected to the load interface and the terminal interface through the MOS tube, wherein the load interface and the terminal interface are used to connect the external load. It can be understood that the terminal interface is a large current terminal, and the circuit current is greater than or equal to 30A for large current, and a temperature sensor and a load overheating and overcurrent protector are provided at the terminal interface. In the specific implementation, when any large current in the output circuit connected to the load interface or the terminal interface is overheated or overcurrent, the intelligent control chip controls the MOS switch to disconnect separately, and after the fault is eliminated, the output circuit self-restores the path.

[0055] Based on the above technical concept, the detection circuit unit includes a current measurement unit, a circuit diagnosis unit, an early warning unit, an output circuit detection unit and a PCB control board temperature detection unit which are respectively connected to the intelligent control chip, wherein:

[0056] The current measurement unit is used to detect the current size of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module; the circuit diagnosis unit is used to detect the fault status of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module; the early warning unit is used to output the early warning signal; the output circuit detection unit is used to detect the load status connected to the output circuit; the PCB control board temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature rise status of the entire PCB control board.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, a display circuit unit connected to the drive control circuit unit is further included, and the display circuit unit visualizes the load state and the early warning judgment signal monitored by the detection circuit unit through the communication circuit unit.

[0058] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the input circuit unit, the drive control circuit unit, the detection circuit unit, the communication circuit unit and the output circuit unit all include a converter for converting analog signals into digital signals.

[0059] Based on the above technical concept, the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module can be installed in a new distribution box, which includes a shell, a PCB board, at least one relay and a plurality of connecting aluminum bars. Multiple relays are fixedly mounted on the shell, and the PCB board is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the shell. The shell has a hollow structure, and the connecting terminals of the multiple relays pass through the hollow structure of the shell and are plugged into the corresponding terminal blocks of the PCB through the connecting aluminum bars to form a low-voltage power distribution system for the entire vehicle.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, the channel circuit control unit is connected to the intelligent control chip and is provided with two control programs, and the specific implementation method for executing the power line switching control instruction of the intelligent control chip when self-detecting a fault is as follows:

[0061] There are two control channels on the PCB control board. When the intelligent control chip works normally, one control channel is in the dormant stage. When the intelligent control chip detects a fault, it issues a shutdown control instruction and sends a fault signal through the circuit diagnosis unit to mark the fault state. At this time, the other control channel is awakened by the fault signal of the intelligent control chip circuit to control important power lines to ensure the functions of important electrical appliances in the vehicle, thereby obtaining dual control power supply distribution guarantee;

[0062] When the fault of the intelligent control chip is eliminated, the intelligent control chip will restore its own function after passing the self-detection, and send a self-recovery signal through the circuit diagnosis unit. At this time, the power line controlled by the other circuit will switch back to the control mode of the intelligent control chip and enter a dormant state until the next wake-up.

[0063] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents in the above description. Those skilled in the art can make various deformations and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and these deformations and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module, characterized in that: It includes a PCB control board, an input circuit unit, a drive control circuit unit, a detection circuit unit, a communication circuit unit and an output circuit unit which are respectively arranged on the PCB control board. An input circuit unit connected to the drive control circuit unit via an input circuit; The driving control circuit unit includes an intelligent control chip and an output circuit power distribution unit respectively connected to the intelligent control chip through an output circuit, wherein: The intelligent control chip is used to set a control program, and the control program at least includes an output circuit current protection threshold setting program, and a protection program for detecting and judging overheating and overcurrent of circuits in the input circuit unit and the output circuit unit; The output circuit power supply distribution unit is used to judge, divide and switch the importance and power supply priority of the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit channel; The detection circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit and is used to monitor the load status of all connected output circuits and the temperature rise data of the output channel end of the PCB control board in real time; A communication circuit unit, connected to the drive control circuit unit, is used to establish a signal transmission channel to feed back the detection signal of the detection circuit unit to an external terminal; The output circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch for switching and controlling the current protection threshold set on the output circuit. The output circuit unit is connected to the drive control circuit unit to detect overheating and overcurrent of the circuit output by the output circuit unit. The PCB control board is also equipped with a fault prevention unit and a channel circuit control unit. The anti-failure unit is used to ensure that important output circuits can be powered normally when the intelligent control chip program cannot work normally; The channel circuit control unit is connected to the intelligent control chip and is provided with two control programs for executing the line switching control instructions of the intelligent control chip when a self-detection fault occurs.

2. A low-voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output circuit power supply distribution unit includes a current limiting unit, a self-recovery circuit power supply unit and a power failure control unit, wherein: The current limiting unit is used to provide current limiting power supply to the electrical appliances connected to the output circuit; The self-restoring circuit power supply unit is used to release the current limiting or power-off state of the output circuit within the normal current value range and restore the power supply; A power-off control unit is used to execute the power-off instruction of the electrical appliance output by the intelligent control chip.

3. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection circuit unit includes a current measurement unit, a circuit diagnosis unit, an early warning unit, an output circuit detection unit and a PCB control board temperature detection unit which are respectively connected to the intelligent control chip, wherein: The current measuring unit is used to detect the current size of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module; The circuit diagnosis unit is used to detect the fault status of the built-in circuit of the low-voltage intelligent power distribution module; The warning unit is used to output a warning signal; The output circuit detection unit is used to detect the load state connected to the output circuit; The PCB control board temperature detection unit is used to detect the temperature rise state of the entire PCB control board.

4. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the output circuit unit is connected to a load interface and a terminal interface respectively, wherein: The load interface and the terminal interface are used to connect an external load, and a temperature sensor and a load overheat and overcurrent protector are provided at the terminal interface. When the current in any one of the output circuits connected to the load interface or the terminal interface is overheated or overcurrent, the MOS switch is disconnected separately, and the output circuit self-restores after the fault is eliminated.

5. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display circuit unit connected to the drive control circuit unit, and the display circuit unit visualizes the load state and early warning judgment signal monitored by the detection circuit unit through the communication circuit unit.

6. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication circuit unit has a built-in CAN network communication circuit unit to connect to the vehicle CAN bus.

7. A low voltage intelligent power distribution module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input circuit unit has a built-in MOS switch for switching and controlling the current protection threshold set on the input circuit.

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