A duckbill antenna

Abstract

The present application discloses a duckbill antenna, belonging to the field of antennas, which includes an antenna radiator made of metal parts, a substrate, and a signal chip connected to the antenna radiator; the routing shape of the antenna radiator includes a "mountain" shape; the "mountain" shape includes: an "M"-shaped feeder surrounded by feeders at a grounding point, and an "I"-shaped feeder installed on the substrate near the center of the "M"-shaped feeder; a connector connected to the "M"-shaped feeder is welded on the substrate, and the connector is connected to the "I"-shaped feeder; an adjustment circuit for adjusting the frequency band is installed on the side of the substrate away from the antenna radiator. The present application has the effect of improving the antenna gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a duckbill antenna. Background Art

[0002] An antenna is a radio device that can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. Its basic function is to convert the high-frequency current energy emitted by the transmitter into radio waves and transmit the radio waves into space. The receiving end then converts the radio wave energy transmitted from space into high-frequency current energy sent to the receiver, thereby realizing the transmission of electromagnetic signals between any two points.

[0003] Currently, commonly used Wifi antennas include duckbill antennas. The duckbill antennas usually include a connector, a connecting cable, and a fixing seat. After the duckbill antenna is assembled, the duckbill antenna can be placed in a predetermined position to perform communication work.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that the defects are that the traditional duckbill antenna adopts the online network matching method, which does not significantly increase the antenna gain, and the antenna gain still cannot meet the actual needs. Further improvements are needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the gain of the antenna, the present application provides a duckbill antenna.

[0006] The present application provides a duckbill antenna that adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A duckbill antenna comprises an antenna radiator made of metal parts, a substrate and a signal chip connected to the antenna radiator; the routing shape of the antenna radiator comprises a "mountain" shape; the "mountain" shape comprises: an "M"-shaped feeder surrounded by feeders at grounding points, and an "I"-shaped feeder installed on the substrate near the center of the "M"-shaped feeder; a connector connected to the "M"-shaped feeder is welded on the substrate, and the connector is connected to the "I"-shaped feeder; an adjustment circuit for adjusting the frequency band is installed on the side of the substrate away from the antenna radiator.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the "mountain"-shaped antenna radiator can improve the matching degree between the impedance of the antenna radiator and the input antenna radiator, thereby widening the frequency band and improving the gain of the antenna; and the adjustment circuit can further make the impedance of the antenna more matched, reduce the standing wave ratio, and thus further improve the gain of the antenna.

[0009] Preferably, the "M"-shaped feeder includes two groups of symmetrically distributed "T"-shaped feeders; the "T"-shaped feeder includes: feeder A, feeder B, and feeder C, one end of the feeder B is connected to the side of the feeder A, and the other end of the feeder B is connected to one end of the feeder C; the feeder A and the feeder B are perpendicular to each other; the feeder A and the feeder C are parallel; the feeders C of the two groups of "T"-shaped feeders are connected to each other;

[0010] The "I"-shaped feeder includes a D feeder and an E feeder, wherein one end of the D feeder away from the "M"-shaped feeder is connected to one end of the E feeder, and the D feeder is located in a cavity surrounded by two groups of "T"-shaped feeders; a feeding point is provided at one end of the D feeder close to the connection between the two groups of "T"-shaped feeders; and a copper sinking hole is provided on the E feeder.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the feed line in the shape of an "M" and an "I" shape embedded in the "M" shape can make the impedance of the antenna more matched, reduce the standing wave ratio, widen the frequency band, and thus improve the gain of the antenna.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the E feeder line away from the D feeder line is arranged in an arc shape.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped design makes the electrical length from the feeding point to the end of the E feeder line gradually change, which is equivalent to connecting different smooth transition sections to the upper part of the E feeder line, so that the reflection of the current along the antenna surface is small, thereby effectively widening the impedance and bandwidth, and realizing the ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna; in terms of impedance matching, it plays a role of coupled resonance, forming ultra-wideband and low standing wave characteristics, thereby achieving conjugate matching of the antenna impedance.

[0014] Preferably, the E feed line is provided with a plurality of extension slots for increasing the length of the antenna radiator.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the extended slot can increase the length of the antenna radiator, thereby making the bandwidth of the antenna in the low frequency band wider, thereby improving the practicality of the antenna radiator.

[0016] Preferably, the adjustment circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit and a second impedance matching circuit, the routing shape of the first impedance matching circuit is C-shaped, the first impedance matching circuit is located on the side of the substrate away from the "M"-shaped feeder, the second impedance matching circuit is located on the side of the substrate away from the "I"-shaped feeder, the first impedance matching circuit is not in contact with the "M"-shaped feeder, and the second impedance matching circuit is connected to the E-feeder through a copper plated hole.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit can make the impedance of the antenna more matched, reduce the standing wave ratio, widen the frequency band, and at the same time expand the feed area, increase the radiation area of ​​the antenna, and increase the receiving efficiency of the antenna, thereby enhancing the gain of the antenna.

[0018] Preferably, a side of the C feeder line close to the B feeder line is provided with an oblique angle.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined angle can expand the ground feeding area, thereby enhancing the gain effect.

[0020] Preferably, on the basis of satisfying the signal of the connecting cable, the length of the connecting cable and the following conditions, the feeder length and feeder line width of the antenna radiator are adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the antenna bandwidth: frequency range: 698-960 / 1710-2700MHz, input impedance: 50 ohms, standing wave ratio less than 2.0, gain: 3dBi, horizontal angle 360 ​​degrees, vertical angle 55 degrees, power capacity: 50W.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, on the basis of satisfying the signal of the connecting cable, the length of the connecting cable and the following conditions, the antenna radiator can achieve dual-band coverage, thereby improving the practicality of the antenna radiator.

[0022] Preferably, the connecting piece is a 47nH inductor.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the 47nH inductor can change the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the antenna, making the impedance of the antenna more matched, thereby improving the gain of the antenna.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. The “mountain”-shaped antenna radiator can improve the matching degree between the impedance of the antenna radiator and the input antenna radiator, thereby widening the frequency band and improving the gain of the antenna; and the adjustment circuit can further make the impedance of the antenna more matched, reduce the standing wave ratio, and thus further improve the gain of the antenna;

[0026] 2. The arc-shaped design makes the electrical length from the feeding point to the end of the E feeder line gradually change, which is equivalent to connecting different smooth transition sections to the upper part of the feeder line, so that the reflection of the current along the antenna surface is small, thereby effectively widening the impedance and bandwidth, and realizing the ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna; in terms of impedance matching, it plays a role of coupled resonance, forming ultra-wideband and low standing wave characteristics, thereby achieving conjugate matching of the antenna impedance.

[0027] The 3.47nH inductor can change the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the antenna, making the impedance of the antenna more matched, thereby improving the gain of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna radiator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator of an embodiment of the present application and a hidden 47nH inductor.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a copper sinking hole in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the extension groove of an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the second impedance matching circuit of an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Antenna radiator; 11. A feed line; 12. B feed line; 13. C feed line; 131. Bevel; 14. D feed line; 15. E feed line; 151. Copper sink hole; 152. Extension slot; 16. First impedance matching circuit; 17. Second impedance matching circuit;

[0036] 2. Substrate;

[0037] 3. Connector; 31. Lower fixing seat; 32. Upper fixing seat; 33. Antenna rubber sleeve;

[0038] 4. Connect the cables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application discloses a duckbill antenna.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The duckbill antenna includes a connector 3, a lower fixing seat 31, an upper fixing seat 32 and a connecting cable 4. The lower fixing seat 31 is installed on the connector 3, and the upper fixing seat 32 is hingedly installed on the side of the lower fixing seat 31 away from the connector 3. At the same time, an antenna rubber sleeve 33 is installed on the side of the upper fixing seat 32 away from the lower fixing seat 31. When in use, the connector 3 can be fixed on the terminal device first, and then the upper fixing seat 32 can be rotated to adjust the angle of the upper fixing seat 32 relative to the lower fixing seat 31 to adjust the horizontal angle and vertical angle of the connecting cable 4.

[0042] In order to improve the oxidation resistance of the connecting cable 4, both ends of the connecting cable 4 are tinned.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 The duckbill antenna also includes an antenna radiator 1, a substrate 2 and a signal chip. The antenna radiator 1 is made of metal parts. In this embodiment, the metal parts include materials containing metal elements such as aluminum, silver, and copper. Due to the presence of the antenna rubber sleeve 33, the antenna radiator 1 will not be directly exposed to the workplace; and the signal chip is connected to the antenna radiator 1.

[0044] The dielectric constant is the main parameter that reflects the dielectric properties or polarization properties of the material dielectric under the action of the electrostatic field. The larger the dielectric constant, the greater the loss of the antenna. The loss of the high-frequency board is smaller, but the high-frequency board is expensive and lacks price advantage. Therefore, in this embodiment, the flame retardant material of the substrate 2 adopts a PCB board with a grade of FR-4 and a dielectric constant of 4.2-4.6; if the use requirements of the duckbill antenna are higher, the substrate 2 can adopt a high-frequency board with a frequency above 1GHz.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The routing shape of the antenna radiator 1 includes a "mountain" shape, wherein the "mountain" shape includes an "M"-shaped feeder and a "I"-shaped feeder, and the "M"-shaped feeder is surrounded by the feeder of the grounding point; and the "I"-shaped feeder is installed on the substrate 2, and one end of the "I"-shaped feeder is close to the center position of the "M"-shaped feeder; at the same time, a connector is welded on the substrate 2, the connector is connected to the "M"-shaped feeder, and the side of the connector away from the "M"-shaped feeder is connected to the "I"-shaped feeder.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, in order to improve the gain of the antenna, the connecting piece is a 47nH inductor 18; if the use requirements for the duckbill antenna are lower, a 33nH inductor can be used; the "M"-shaped feed line and the "I"-shaped feed line are connected and conducted through the welded 47nH inductor 18.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The "M"-shaped feeder includes two groups of "T"-shaped feeders, and the two groups of "T"-shaped feeders are symmetrically distributed, wherein the "T"-shaped feeder includes an A feeder 11, a B feeder 12 and a C feeder 13, one end of the B feeder 12 is connected to the side of the A feeder 11, and the other end of the B feeder 12 is connected to one end of the C feeder 13; the A feeder 11 and the B feeder 12 are perpendicular to each other, the A feeder 11 and the C feeder 13 are parallel, and the B feeder 12 and the C feeder 13 are parallel; in this embodiment, the two groups of "T"-shaped feeders are connected to each other through the C feeder 13.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The "I"-shaped feeder includes a D feeder 14 and an E feeder 15. One end of the D feeder 14 away from the "M"-shaped feeder is connected to one end of the E feeder 15. The D feeder 14 is located in a cavity surrounded by two groups of "T"-shaped feeders. A feeding point is provided at one end of the D feeder 14 close to the connection between the two groups of "T"-shaped feeders.

[0049] The inner conductor of the connecting cable 4 is connected to the E feeder 15 via the D feeder 14, and the outer conductor of the connecting cable 4 is connected to the "M"-shaped feeder to form a half-wave asymmetric oscillator of the antenna, thereby improving the gain of the antenna.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the end of the E feed line 15 away from the D feed line 14 is set to an arc shape, so that the electrical length from the feeding point to the end of the E feed line 15 is gradual, which is equivalent to connecting different smooth transition sections to the upper part of the E feed line 15, thereby realizing the ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna and achieving conjugate matching of the antenna impedance.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 An oblique angle 131 is provided on one side of the two C feed lines 13 close to the B feed line 12, thereby increasing the feeding area and enhancing the gain effect of the antenna.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 Two extension slots 152 are provided on the E feed line 15, one of which is in a straight line shape and the other is in an L shape, thereby increasing the length of the antenna radiator 1 and making the bandwidth of the antenna in the low frequency band wider.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 In order to further improve the gain of the antenna, an adjustment circuit is installed on the side of the substrate 2 away from the antenna radiator 1. In this embodiment, the adjustment circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit 16 and a second impedance matching circuit 17, wherein the routing shape of the first impedance matching circuit 16 is C-shaped, and the first impedance matching circuit 16 is located on the side of the substrate 2 away from the "M"-shaped feeder; and the second impedance matching circuit 17 is located on the side of the substrate 2 away from the "I"-shaped feeder.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first impedance matching circuit 16 does not contact the “M”-shaped feeder line, a copper-plated hole 151 is provided on the E-feeder line 15 , and the second impedance matching circuit 17 is connected to the “M”-shaped feeder line through the copper-plated hole 151 .

[0055] The feeder length and feeder width of the antenna radiator 1 are adjusted according to actual use, and must meet the signal of the connecting cable 4, the length of the connecting cable 4 and the following conditions: the frequency range is 698-960 / 1710-2700MHz, the input impedance is 50 ohms, the standing wave ratio is less than 2.0, the gain is 3dBi, the horizontal angle is 360 degrees, the vertical angle is 55 degrees, and the power capacity is 50W.

[0056] The implementation principle of a duckbill antenna in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the routing shape of the antenna radiator 1 includes an "M"-shaped feed line and an "I"-shaped feed line, and at the same time, a first impedance matching circuit 16 and a second impedance matching circuit 17 are installed on the substrate 2.

[0057] The inventor conducted a series of tests on the antenna structure in this application, as follows:

[0058] It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the antenna of the present application meets the design requirements of the industry antenna, and has good coverage frequency, radiation efficiency and gain.

[0059] Table 1

[0060] Activity test data:

[0061]

[0062] Table 2

[0063] 4G test data:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A duckbill antenna, characterized in that: It comprises an antenna radiator (1) made of metal parts, a substrate (2) and a signal chip connected to the antenna radiator (1); the routing shape of the antenna radiator (1) comprises a "mountain" shape; The "mountain" shape comprises: an "M"-shaped feeder formed by feeders at ground points, and an "I"-shaped feeder installed on the substrate (2) near the center of the "M"-shaped feeder; a connector connected to the "M"-shaped feeder is welded on the substrate (2), and the connector is connected to the "I"-shaped feeder; an adjustment circuit for adjusting the frequency band is installed on the side of the substrate (2) away from the antenna radiator (1); the "M"-shaped feeder comprises two groups of symmetrically divided A "T"-shaped feeder is arranged; the "T"-shaped feeder comprises: an A feeder (11), a B feeder (12), and a C feeder (13); one end of the B feeder (12) is connected to the side of the A feeder (11), and the other end of the B feeder (12) is connected to one end of the C feeder (13); the A feeder (11) and the B feeder (12) are perpendicular to each other; the A feeder (11) and the C feeder (13) are parallel; two groups of the C feeders (13) of the "T"-shaped feeder are connected to each other; The "I"-shaped feed line comprises a D feed line (14) and an E feed line (15); one end of the D feed line (14) away from the "M"-shaped feed line is connected to one end of the E feed line (15); the D feed line (14) is located in a cavity surrounded by two groups of "T"-shaped feed lines; one end of the D feed line (14) close to the connection between the two groups of "T"-shaped feed lines is provided with a feeding point; a copper sinking hole (151) is provided on the E feed line (15); the E feed line (15) is provided with a plurality of extension slots (152) for increasing the length of the antenna radiator (1); one of the extension slots (152) is I-shaped, and the other extension slot (152) is L-shaped; the flame retardant material of the substrate (2) is a PCB board with a grade of FR-4 and a dielectric constant of 4.2-4.6; One end of the E feeder (15) away from the D feeder (14) is arranged in an arc shape; The regulating circuit comprises a first impedance matching circuit (16) and a second impedance matching circuit (17); the routing shape of the first impedance matching circuit (16) is C-shaped; the first impedance matching circuit (16) is located on a side of the substrate (2) away from the "M"-shaped feeder; the second impedance matching circuit (17) is located on a side of the substrate (2) away from the "I"-shaped feeder; the first impedance matching circuit (16) is not in contact with the "M"-shaped feeder; and the second impedance matching circuit (17) is connected to the E feeder (15) via a copper sinking hole (151); On the basis of satisfying the following conditions, the feeder length and feeder line width of the antenna radiator (1) are adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the antenna bandwidth: frequency range: 698-960 / 1710-2700 MHz, input impedance: 50 ohms, standing wave ratio less than 2.0, gain: 3dBi, horizontal angle 360 ​​degrees, vertical angle 55 degrees, power capacity: 50W.

2. The duckbill antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bevel (131) is provided on a side of the C feeder (13) close to the B feeder (12).

3. The duckbill antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece is a 47nH inductor (18).

Images