Experimental unit and simulation method for simulating typical mechanical faults of wind turbine shafting

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental unit and a simulation method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting. The experimental unit includes a bottom fixing plate, a DC drive motor, a simulated generator and a coupling; the DC drive motor is fixed on the bottom fixing plate; the simulated generator includes a generator stator and a generator rotor, the generator stator is fixed on the bottom fixing plate, the rotor shaft on the generator rotor extends out of both ends of the generator stator, and bearings are fixed on the rotor shaft; the bearings are supported by bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixed on the bottom fixing plate; the output shaft of the DC drive motor is connected to one end of the rotor shaft through the coupling, and the other end of the rotor shaft is connected to a blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism. The present invention can intuitively and conveniently simulate different degrees of air gap dynamic eccentricity faults, blade mass imbalance faults and bearing faults, and can also simulate hybrid faults, thereby providing a basis for the analysis, research and prevention of mechanical faults in the wind turbine drive train.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and more specifically, to an experimental unit and a simulation method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting system. Background Art

[0002] The drive chain of a wind turbine sequentially includes components such as the wind turbine blades, generator bearings, generator stator and rotor, etc. according to the transmission sequence. Mechanical faults will occur in each part. For example, blade mass imbalance faults will occur in the blade part of the wind turbine, bearing faults will occur in the bearings, and air-gap dynamic eccentricity faults will occur in the generator. Therefore, designing a dynamic simulation experimental unit for studying the mechanical faults of the wind turbine drive chain will promote the research on wind turbine mechanical faults.

[0003] Wind turbine blade mass imbalance means that the mass of the wind turbine blades is uneven, resulting in the shift of the center of gravity during the rotation of the fan blades. In actual situations, due to factors such as blade installation errors, the aerodynamic performance of the blade airfoil is changed, resulting in changes in the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind wheel, and it may also cause blade mass imbalance of the wind turbine unit, causing vibration of the wind turbine unit, increasing the dynamic load of related components, thereby accelerating the fatigue of the wind wheel, reducing the reliability of the wind turbine unit, and also reducing the operating efficiency of the wind turbine unit and shortening the service life of the wind turbine unit.

[0004] According to the damaged parts of the bearings, bearing faults can be divided into inner ring faults, outer ring faults, cage faults and rolling element faults. In the mechanical transmission system of a wind power generation unit, the bearings are the main components that support the normal operation of the wind power generation unit. Severe bearing damage will directly lead to the failure of the wind power transmission system.

[0005] Generator air-gap dynamic eccentricity means that the center of the rotor does not coincide with the center of rotation, resulting in the situation that the minimum position of the radial air gap between the stator and rotor changes with the rotation of the rotor. For example, air-gap eccentricity faults caused by reasons such as uneven roundness of the rotor surface and deflection warping of the rotor belong to this situation. Dynamic eccentricity faults will deteriorate the working conditions of the generator bearings, and at the same time exacerbate the vibration of the stator and rotor, causing hazards such as deformation of the stator core, wear of the windings and insulation damage.

[0006] Most of the existing research on the mechanical faults of the wind turbine drive chain is scattered, and at present, the research on mechanical faults is mostly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulation and emulation. There is no dynamic simulation experimental unit that can integrate the simulation of three kinds of faults of the wind turbine drive chain, namely generator air-gap dynamic eccentricity, blade mass imbalance and bearing faults. Therefore, designing a set of dynamic simulation experimental unit that can simulate the faults of the wind turbine drive chain will be of great benefit to the future research on the mechanical faults of wind turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental unit and a simulation method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0008] An experimental unit for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting includes a bottom fixing plate, a DC drive motor, a simulated generator, and a coupling; the bottom fixing plate is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, and the DC drive motor is fixed to the bottom fixing plate by drive motor positioning bolts; the simulated generator includes a generator stator and a generator rotor. The generator stator is fixed to the bottom fixing plate by generator stator positioning bolts. The rotor shaft on the generator rotor extends outside both ends of the generator stator, and bearings are fixed on the rotor shaft; the bearings are supported by bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixed to the bottom fixing plate; the output shaft of the DC drive motor is connected to one end of the rotor shaft through a coupling, and the other end of the rotor shaft is connected to a blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism;

[0009] The blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism includes a fan flange welded on the rotor shaft and a hub and fan blades for simulating the fan of a wind turbine. The hub can be fixed on the rotor shaft through bolts on the fan flange. The fan blades are divided into a normal fan blade group with balanced mass and an abnormal fan blade group with unbalanced mass;

[0010] The bearings fixed on the rotor shaft include an eccentric bearing group, a normal bearing group, and a faulty bearing; the eccentric bearing group is several pairs of eccentric bearings with different dynamic eccentricities, the normal bearing group is a pair of normal bearings, the paired eccentric bearings and the paired normal bearings are evenly arranged on both sides of the generator stator and are symmetric about the rotor center; the bearing seat includes a bearing seat upper cover and a bearing seat base. The bearing seat upper cover is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing seat base through bearing seat end cover positioning bolts to fit the bearing between the two; the bottom end of the bearing seat base is fixed to the bottom fixing plate through bearing seat base positioning bolts; a gasket is also provided between the bearing seat base and the bottom fixing plate, and the gasket is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate through bearing seat base positioning bolts.

[0011] The main design purpose of the present invention is to simulate mechanical faults in the transmission chain of a wind turbine. It can intuitively and conveniently simulate different degrees of air-gap dynamic eccentricity faults, blade mass imbalance faults, and bearing faults, and can also simulate mixed faults, thereby providing a basis for the analysis, research, and prevention of mechanical faults in the transmission chain of a wind turbine.

[0012] Preferably, the abnormal fan blade group with unbalanced mass includes a fan blade group with a 10% mass imbalance and a fan blade group with a 20% mass imbalance.

[0013] Preferably, the eccentric bearing group includes a pair of eccentric bearings with a 10% dynamic eccentricity and a pair of eccentric bearings with a 20% dynamic eccentricity.

[0014] Preferably, when manufacturing the faulty bearing, a slit is engraved on its bearing inner ring to simulate the situation where the inner ring of the bearing becomes uneven due to wear.

[0015] Preferably, the generator stator and the bearing housing are first integrally fixed to a generator fixing plate, and then the generator fixing plate is fixed to the bottom fixing plate through generator fixing plate positioning bolts; the flatness accuracy of the upper plane of the generator fixing plate relative to the bottom fixing plate is higher.

[0016] Preferably, a driving motor spacer is also provided between the DC driving motor and the bottom fixing plate, and the driving motor spacer is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate through driving motor positioning bolts.

[0017] Preferably, a bearing limiting ring is sleeved on the rotor shaft between two adjacent bearing housings, the bearing limiting ring is fixed to the rotor shaft through bearing limiting ring tightening bolts, and one side of the bearing limiting ring away from the generator stator abuts against the side surface of the corresponding bearing housing.

[0018] A method for simulating mechanical faults using an experimental unit according to the present invention includes:

[0019] (1) Simulation of air gap dynamic eccentricity fault

[0020] Define the bearing housings corresponding to a pair of normal bearings as bearing housing A, and define the bearing housings corresponding to one pair of eccentric shafts as bearing housing B; first install the DC driving motor and the simulation generator. During simulation, remove the bearing housing end cover positioning bolts of the two bearing housings A, and remove the corresponding upper bearing housing cover A; then remove the bearing housing base positioning bolts of the two bearing housings B, install gaskets below the bearing housings B, and then re-tighten these two bearing housing base positioning bolts; remove the bearing housing base positioning bolts of the two bearing housings A, remove the gaskets below the bearing housings A, and then re-tighten these two bearing housing base positioning bolts; finally install the corresponding upper bearing housing cover B and tighten the bearing housing end cover positioning bolts.

[0021] (2) Simulation of blade mass imbalance fault

[0022] After installing the simulation generator and the DC driving motor, adjust the bearing housing to support under the default normal bearing group condition, take out the normal fan blade group or abnormal fan blade group to be installed, and fix the hub corresponding to the installation of the fan blade group on the rotor shaft through the bolts on the fan flange.

[0023] (3) Simulation of bearing fault

[0024] After installing the simulation generator and the DC driving motor, adjust the bearing housing to support with a normal bearing that is not adjacent to the faulty bearing and the faulty bearing in the normal bearing group.

[0025] (4) Simulation of hybrid faults

[0026] When simulating hybrid faults, it is only necessary to synchronously set the above three types of faults or any two of these three types of faults.

[0027] The solution of the present invention is reliable and easy to implement, and can simulate different degrees of generator air-gap dynamic eccentricity, blade mass imbalance faults, bearing faults and partial hybrid faults in the transmission chain of wind turbines, making up for the current gap and providing possibilities for the research and experimental analysis of mechanical faults in the generator transmission chain. Description of the drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic eccentricity adjustment structure;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the hub and the hub flange;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the hub flange structure

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a normal bearing structure;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an eccentric bearing structure;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a bearing limit ring structure;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an inner ring fault bearing structure;

[0037] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an inner and outer ring fault bearing structure.

[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the bearing limit ring and the bearing seat;

[0039] In the figure: 1 - bottom fixed plate, 2 - DC drive motor, 3 - generator stator, 4 - generator rotor, 5 - rotor shaft, 6 - coupling, 7 - fan flange, 8 - hub, 9 - fan blade, 10 - eccentric bearing, 11 - normal bearing, 12 - faulty bearing, 13 - upper cover of bearing seat, 14 - base of bearing seat, 15 - gasket, 16 - generator fixed plate, 17 - drive motor cushion block, 18 - bearing limit ring, 19 - bearing limit ring tightening bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment:

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, an experimental unit for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to the present invention includes a bottom fixed plate 1, a DC drive motor 2, a simulated generator, and a coupling 6.

[0043] The bottom fixed plate 1 is fixed to the laboratory floor through anchor bolts, and the DC drive motor 2 is fixed to the bottom fixed plate 1 through drive motor positioning bolts.

[0044] The simulated generator includes a generator stator 3 and a generator rotor 4. The generator stator 3 is fixed to the bottom fixed plate 1 through generator stator positioning bolts. The rotor shaft 5 on the generator rotor 4 extends beyond both ends of the generator stator 3, and bearings are fixed on the rotor shaft 5. The bearings are supported by bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixed to the bottom fixed plate 1. The output shaft of the DC drive motor 2 is connected to one end of the rotor shaft 5 through a coupling 6, and the other end of the rotor shaft 5 is connected to a blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism. The DC drive motor 2 drives the generator rotor 4 on the simulated generator to rotate.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the generator stator 3 and the bearing seat can truly be in a plane and remain stable, the generator stator 3 and the bearing seat can be first integrally fixed to a generator fixed plate 16, and then the generator fixed plate 16 is fixed to the bottom fixed plate 1 through generator fixed plate positioning bolts. The generator fixed plate 16 is made of a selected material to have a higher flatness accuracy of its upper plane relative to the bottom fixed plate 1 to achieve the corresponding effect.

[0046] Meanwhile, in order to adapt the output shaft of the DC drive motor 2 to the height of the rotor shaft 5, a drive motor spacer 17 with a corresponding thickness is further provided between the DC drive motor 2 and the bottom fixing plate 1, and the drive motor spacer 17 is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate 1 by drive motor positioning bolts.

[0047] As Figure 1 , 3 , shown in Fig. 4, the blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism includes a fan flange 7 welded to the rotor shaft 5, a hub 8 and fan blades 9 for simulating the fan of a wind turbine. The hub 8 can be fixed to the rotor shaft 5 by eight bolts on the fan flange 7. The fan blades 9 are divided into a normal blade group (blade one) with balanced mass and an abnormal blade group with unbalanced mass. When simulating other single faults, the blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism can be disassembled.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the abnormal blade group with unbalanced mass includes a blade group with 10% mass imbalance (blade two) and a blade group with 20% mass imbalance (blade three). That is to say, in this embodiment, a total of three groups of fan blades 9 are designed to simulate the blade mass imbalance fault: blade one is a normal blade with balanced mass, and the center of gravity of the blade coincides with the center of the blade; blade two and blade three are respectively set with 10% and 20% mass imbalance and can be replaced when simulating different degrees of faults.

[0049] Each blade group includes three blades. The three blades in the normal blade group have the same shape and material; the three blades in the abnormal blade group have the same shape but different materials. Two of the blades and the hub are made of ordinary steel, and the third blade is made of aluminum alloy or fiberglass. Since the density of steel is greater than that of aluminum alloy, and the density of aluminum alloy is greater than that of fiberglass, the third blade is lighter than the first two blades, meeting the condition of blade mass imbalance.

[0050] As Figure 1 , 2 shown, the bearings fixed on the rotor shaft 5 include an eccentric bearing group, a normal bearing group and a faulty bearing 12; the eccentric bearing group is a pair of eccentric bearings 10 with different dynamic eccentricities, the normal bearing group is a pair of normal bearings 11, the paired eccentric bearings 10 (as Figure 6 shown, the distance between the inner and outer rings of the eccentric bearing 10 is uneven) and the paired normal bearings 11 (as Figure 5As shown, the distances between the inner and outer rings of the normal bearings 11 are evenly distributed on both sides of the generator stator 3 and are symmetric about the rotor center; the bearing housing includes a bearing housing upper cover 13 and a bearing housing base 14. The bearing housing upper cover 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing housing base 14 through bearing housing end cover positioning bolts to fit the bearing between the two; the bottom end of the bearing housing base 14 is fixed to the bottom fixing plate 1 through bearing housing base positioning bolts; a gasket 15 is also provided between the bearing housing base 14 and the bottom fixing plate 1, and the gasket 15 is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate 1 through bearing housing base positioning bolts. The height of the bearing housing can be changed by disassembling and installing the gasket 15 to replace the used bearing housing.

[0051] Among them, the eccentric bearing group, the normal bearing group fixed on the rotor shaft 5, the corresponding bearing housing, and the gasket 15 at the bottom of the bearing housing together constitute a dynamic eccentricity adjustment mechanism. The eccentric bearing group in this embodiment includes a pair of eccentric bearings with a dynamic eccentricity of 10% and a pair of eccentric bearings with a dynamic eccentricity of 20%. The six bearing housings are fixed to the generator fixing plate 16 or the bottom fixing plate 1 through their positioning bolts, and the gasket 15 at the bottom of the bearing housing is also fixed to the generator fixing plate 16 or the bottom fixing plate 1 through the corresponding positioning bolts. Different pairs of bearing housings can be used to support the rotor with different bearings.

[0052] Specifically, due to the particularity of the eccentric bearing 10, the center of its inner ring that rotates with the rotor does not coincide with the rotation center, which conforms to the definition of dynamic eccentricity of the generator air gap. Therefore, the method of using the eccentric bearing 10 can be adopted to set the dynamic eccentricity. The degree of dynamic eccentricity can be set by using different eccentric bearings 10. The eccentricity rate of the eccentric bearing 10 can be calculated by subtracting the narrowest part from the widest part and then dividing by two. Considering the size of the generator air gap, the eccentric bearings 10 are used to set the dynamic eccentricity of 10% and 20%. Considering the inconvenience of replacing bearings and the damage to the bearings, the method of installing three pairs of bearings on the rotor shaft 5 at the same time is adopted. Just use different eccentric bearings 10 to set different degrees of dynamic eccentricity, and it can be achieved by relying on the use of bearing housings and gaskets 15 when replacing bearings.

[0053] The normal bearing group, the faulty bearing 12 fixed on the rotor shaft 5, the corresponding bearing housing, and the gasket 15 at the bottom of the bearing housing together constitute a bearing fault adjustment mechanism. When the faulty bearing 12 is manufactured, a slit is engraved on its bearing inner ring to simulate the situation where the inner ring of the bearing is uneven due to wear. Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the inner ring structure of the inner ring faulty bearing. Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner and outer ring faulty bearing. By adjusting the gasket 15 under the bearing housing to replace different bearings, the normal bearing 11 and the faulty bearing 12 are used to support the rotor shaft 5 respectively when simulating bearing faults.

[0054] The bearing fault adjustment mechanism can reduce the number of bearings set on the rotor shaft 5 by one through the cooperative use of the bearing housing in the dynamic eccentricity adjustment mechanism, thereby reducing the volume of the mechanism.

[0055] To further optimize the technical solution of the above embodiment, as Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 7 and 10, a bearing limit ring 18 is also sleeved on the rotor shaft 5 between two adjacent bearing housings. The bearing limit ring 18 is fixed to the rotor shaft 5 through a bearing limit ring tightening bolt 19, and the side of the bearing limit ring 18 away from the generator stator 3 abuts against the side of the corresponding bearing housing. There are a total of five bearing limit rings 18 in the embodiment of the present invention, and the bearing limit ring 18 plays a role of providing axial positioning for the bearing housing in the dynamic eccentricity adjustment mechanism.

[0056] A method for simulating mechanical faults using the above experimental unit includes:

[0057] (5) Simulation of air gap dynamic eccentricity fault

[0058] Define the bearing housings corresponding to a pair of normal bearings 11 as bearing housing A, and define the bearing housings corresponding to a pair of eccentric shafts as bearing housing B; first install the DC drive motor 2 and the simulated generator. During simulation, remove the bearing housing end cover positioning bolts of the two bearing housings A and remove the corresponding upper bearing housing cover A; then remove the bearing housing base positioning bolts of the two bearing housings B, install a gasket 15 under the bearing housing B, and then re-tighten these two bearing housing base positioning bolts of the bearing housing B; remove the bearing housing base positioning bolts of the two bearing housings A, remove the gasket 15 under the bearing housing A, and then re-tighten these two bearing housing base positioning bolts of the bearing housing A; finally, install the corresponding upper bearing housing cover B and tighten the bearing housing end cover positioning bolts.

[0059] (6) Simulation of blade mass imbalance fault

[0060] After installing the DC drive motor 2 and the simulated generator, adjust the bearing housing to support under the default normal bearing group condition, take out the normal blade group or abnormal blade group to be installed, and fix the hub 8 corresponding to the blade group to the rotor shaft 5 through the bolts on the fan flange 7; simulate different degrees of blade mass imbalance by installing different wind turbine simulation blades.

[0061] (7) Simulation of bearing fault

[0062] After installing the simulated generator and the DC drive motor 2, adjust the bearing housing to support with the normal bearing 11 in the normal bearing group that is not adjacent to the faulty bearing 12 and the faulty bearing 12; through this asymmetrical left-right distribution of the bearings, bearing faults can be set by using some bearings of the dynamic eccentricity adjustment mechanism, saving the space of the mechanism.

[0063] (8) Simulation of mixed faults

[0064] When simulating mixed faults, only pairwise fault synchronization settings are required. For example: simulation of the mixed fault of bearing fault and blade mass imbalance fault. Only need to first replace the faulty bearing 12 with the bearing fault adjustment mechanism to support the rotor shaft 5, and then install the designed mass imbalance fan blade on the fan flange 7. Different degrees of mixed faults of bearing faults and blade mass imbalance can be simulated through the faulty bearing 12 and the mass imbalance fan blades with different degrees.

[0065] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting system, characterized in that, The experimental unit for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting system includes a bottom fixing plate, a DC drive motor, a simulated generator, and a coupling; the bottom fixing plate is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, and the DC drive motor is fixed to the bottom fixing plate by drive motor positioning bolts; the simulated generator includes a generator stator and a generator rotor, the generator stator is fixed to the bottom fixing plate by generator stator positioning bolts, the rotor shaft on the generator rotor extends out of both ends of the generator stator, and bearings are fixed on the rotor shaft; the bearings are supported by bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixed to the bottom fixing plate; the output shaft of the DC drive motor is connected to one end of the rotor shaft through a coupling, and the other end of the rotor shaft is connected to a blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism; The blade mass imbalance adjustment mechanism includes a fan flange welded on the rotor shaft and a hub and fan blades for simulating the fan of a wind turbine. The hub can be fixed on the rotor shaft through bolts on the fan flange, and the fan blades are divided into a normal fan blade group with balanced mass and an abnormal fan blade group with unbalanced mass; The bearings fixed on the rotor shaft include an eccentric bearing group, a normal bearing group, and a faulty bearing; the eccentric bearing group is several pairs of eccentric bearings with different dynamic eccentricities, the normal bearing group is a pair of normal bearings, the paired eccentric bearings and the paired normal bearings are evenly arranged on both sides of the generator stator and are symmetric about the rotor center; the bearing seat includes a bearing seat upper cover and a bearing seat base, the bearing seat upper cover is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing seat base through bearing seat end cover positioning bolts to fit the bearing between the two; the bottom end of the bearing seat base is fixed to the bottom fixing plate through bearing seat base positioning bolts; a gasket is also provided between the bearing seat base and the bottom fixing plate, and the gasket is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate through bearing seat base positioning bolts; A method for simulating mechanical faults using this experimental unit includes: (1) Simulation of air gap dynamic eccentricity faults Define the bearing seats corresponding to a pair of normal bearings as bearing seat A, and define the bearing seats corresponding to one pair of eccentric shafts as bearing seat B; first install the DC drive motor and the simulated generator. During simulation, remove the bearing seat end cover positioning bolts of the two bearing seats A and remove the corresponding bearing seat upper cover A; then remove the bearing seat base positioning bolts of the two bearing seats B, install gaskets under the bearing seats B, and then re-tighten the bearing seat base positioning bolts of these two bearing seats B; remove the bearing seat base positioning bolts of the two bearing seats A, remove the gaskets under the bearing seats A, and then re-tighten the bearing seat base positioning bolts of these two bearing seats A; finally install the corresponding bearing seat upper cover B and tighten the bearing seat end cover positioning bolts; (2) Simulation of blade mass imbalance faults After installing the simulated generator and the DC drive motor, adjust the bearing seats to support under the default normal bearing group condition, take out the normal fan blade group or abnormal fan blade group to be installed, and fix the hub corresponding to the installation of the fan blade group on the rotor shaft through the bolts on the fan flange; (3) Simulation of bearing faults After installing the simulated generator and the DC drive motor, adjust the bearing housing to be supported by the normal bearings that are not adjacent to the faulty bearing and the faulty bearing in the normal bearing set for normal use; (4) Simulation of hybrid faults When simulating hybrid faults, only synchronously set any two of the above three faults or all three faults.

2. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abnormal fan blade sets with mass imbalance include a fan blade set with a 10% mass imbalance and a fan blade set with a 20% mass imbalance.

3. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric bearing set includes a pair of eccentric bearings with a 10% dynamic eccentricity and a pair of eccentric bearings with a 20% dynamic eccentricity.

4. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The faulty bearing is simulated by making a slit on its inner ring during manufacturing to simulate the situation where the inner ring of the bearing becomes uneven due to wear.

5. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator stator and the bearing housing are first integrally fixed to a generator fixing plate, and the generator fixing plate is then fixed to the bottom fixing plate through the generator fixing plate positioning bolts; the flatness accuracy of the upper plane of the generator fixing plate relative to the bottom fixing plate is higher.

6. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drive motor pad is also provided between the DC drive motor and the bottom fixing plate, and the drive motor pad is also fixed to the bottom fixing plate through the drive motor positioning bolts.

7. The method for simulating typical mechanical faults of a wind turbine shafting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing limit ring is sleeved on the rotor shaft between two adjacent bearing housings. The bearing limit ring is fixed to the rotor shaft through the bearing limit ring tightening bolts, and the side of the bearing limit ring away from the generator stator abuts against the side of the corresponding bearing housing.

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