A funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with high wind energy utilization coefficient and an operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a funnel-shaped wind turbine with high wind energy utilization coefficient and its operation method, including a windward funnel, a high-speed small fan, an electric opening and closing damper, a high-speed main fan, a tower and a foundation, wherein the windward funnel is fixed on the casing of the high-speed main fan, the high-speed main fan is located at the center of the windward funnel, the high-speed small fan has a plurality of different diameter areas distributed on the windward funnel, each high-speed small fan is equipped with an electric opening and closing damper to realize the opening or closing of each air inlet, the high-speed main fan is fixed on the top of the tower through a yaw slewing support, can automatically yaw to the wind, keep the windward funnel facing the incoming wind direction, and the tower is fixed on the foundation. The invention is applicable to a wide range of wind conditions with a wind speed of 1-12 level of 1-36m / s, and can achieve a wide range of 1-36m / s wind speed and high wind energy utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a funnel-shaped wind power generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the characteristics of mainstream wind turbines at home and abroad are mainly upward wind direction, three blades, direct-drive permanent magnet generators, doubly fed generators or semi-direct-drive permanent magnet generators. The maximum theoretical Cp of this model is 0.593, which is mainly related to the overall design structure of the unit. It operates and generates electricity within a certain wind speed range, and the normal working wind speed range is (3-25) m / s. When the wind speed does not meet the requirements of this range, the wind turbine will be in a startup standby or cut-out shutdown state, so it is impossible to achieve a high wind energy utilization rate that can generate electricity at wind speeds of 1-12. This is a safety measure to protect wind power generation equipment and avoid damage to wind power generation equipment under high-speed operation.

[0003] In order to break through the inherent technical limitations of three-blade upwind wind turbines, it is necessary to design a wind turbine with a high wind energy utilization coefficient that can operate in a wider range of wind speeds, so that it can generate electricity in conditions from light wind to wind speeds of level 12. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, mainly targeting the shortcomings of low wind energy utilization rate and limited wind speed range of traditional three-blade wind turbines, and proposes a safe and reliable funnel-shaped wind turbine with high wind energy utilization coefficient and an operating method thereof, which can achieve high wind energy utilization rate in a wide range of wind speeds of 1-36m / s.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient, comprising a windward funnel, a high-speed small fan, an electric opening and closing damper, a high-speed main fan, a tower and a foundation, wherein the windward funnel is fixed on the outer casing of the high-speed main fan, the high-speed main fan is located at the center of the windward funnel, the high-speed small fan has a plurality of different diameter areas distributed on the windward funnel, and each high-speed small fan is equipped with an electric opening and closing damper to open or close the respective air inlets, the high-speed main fan is fixed to the top of the tower through a yaw slewing support, can automatically yaw to the wind, and keep the windward funnel facing the incoming wind direction, and the tower is fixed on the foundation.

[0006] Preferably, the area of ​​the large opening of the windward funnel is more than ten times the area of ​​the small opening.

[0007] Preferably, the air inlet of the high-speed small fan is funnel-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, the windward funnel adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy skeleton splicing structure.

[0009] Preferably, the blades of the high-speed small fan and the high-speed main fan are high-speed small impellers.

[0010] The present invention also provides an operation method of the funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient, which is applicable to a wide range of wind conditions with wind speeds of 1-36 m / s in the range of 1-12, including the following two situations:

[0011] The first type: when the wind speed is lower than 3m / s, the wind-gathering and speed-increasing effect of the windward funnel increases the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel to a high-speed airflow with a wind speed of 30-36m / s, driving the high-speed main wind turbine to generate electricity. The current is transmitted to the ground box transformer through the tower for boosting and then transmitted to the booster station through the transmission line, and then transmitted to the national grid after boosting again.

[0012] The second type: when the wind speed is higher than 3m / s, the wind gathering and speed-up effect of the windward funnel increases the wind speed of the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel to a high-speed airflow greater than 30-36m / s. At this time, the unit system will open the electric opening and closing dampers in front of the high-speed small fan closest to the high-speed main fan in turn according to the change in wind speed, so that the high-speed airflow is reduced to an airflow of 30-36m / s to drive the high-speed main fan to generate electricity, and part of the airflow drives the high-speed small fan with the electric opening and closing dampers opened to generate electricity. Of course, if the wind speed continues to increase, the unit system will open more electric opening and closing dampers to enable more high-speed small fans to enter the power generation state. Finally, the currents of the high-speed main fan and the high-speed small fan are gathered and then transmitted to the ground box transformer through the tower for boosting and transmitted to the booster station through the transmission line. After boosting again, it is transmitted to the national grid.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The present invention is no longer limited to three blades as the windward force-bearing surface. Through the gathering effect of the windward funnel on the wind, the Cp value can exceed the maximum limit of 0.593. When the airflow with a low inlet speed is accelerated through the neck of the windward funnel, a high-speed airflow is formed, which drives the high-speed main fan located in the center of the funnel to generate electricity. When it is detected that the airflow continues to exceed the limit wind speed, the high-speed small wind machines arranged in different diameter areas on the windward funnel around the high-speed main fan will open their respective air inlets one by one to generate electricity according to the wind speed conditions, thereby reducing the wind energy load of the high-speed main fan and achieving overall safety and high reliability during the operation of the wind power generation equipment.

[0015] 2. The windward funnel used in the present invention has a large opening area that is more than ten times the small opening area. If the air flow loss is not considered, theoretically, the wind speed will increase by the same multiple when the opening is reduced. For example, if the wind speed at the inlet is 3m / s, the wind speed at the outlet can reach level 12 (30-36) m / s. A high-speed wind turbine that can generate electricity normally under this wind speed is selected, and its characteristics are direct-drive permanent magnet type, multiple blades (more than three) or coaxial multi-impellers, medium or light load two-point support high-speed double-row ball or double-row tapered bearings, and there is almost no mechanical wear under normal lubrication conditions.

[0016] 3. The fan blades of the present invention adopt high-speed small impellers, and the wind speed requirement is no longer limited to the cut-out limit of 25m / s, and can operate in a wider wind speed range.

[0017] 4. The fans used in the present invention can be mass-produced, are light in weight, and are easy to install; the windward funnel adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy skeleton splicing structure, which is easy to assemble and does not require extra-wide or extra-large equipment for transportation, and has low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set (with the electric opening and closing damper closed).

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set (with the electric opening and closing damper open). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient, including a windward funnel 1, a high-speed small fan 2, an electric opening and closing damper 3, a high-speed main fan 4, a tower 5 and a foundation 6, wherein the windward funnel 1 is fixed to the casing of the high-speed main fan 4 by bolts, and the high-speed main fan 4 is located at the center of the windward funnel 1, and the high-speed small fan 2 is a funnel-shaped high-speed small fan, that is, its air inlet is funnel-shaped, and the high-speed small fan 2 has a plurality of high-speed small fans distributed in the windward funnel 1. Different diameter areas on the tower, and each high-speed small fan 2 is equipped with an electric opening and closing damper 3 to open or close the respective air inlets. The high-speed main fan 4 is fixed to the top of the tower 5 through a yaw slewing support and can automatically yaw to the wind. When the wind direction changes, the unit system issues a command, and the yaw motor on the yaw slewing support performs a yaw action to make the opening direction of the windward funnel track the wind direction and actively rotate to keep the windward funnel facing the incoming wind direction. The tower 5 is fixed to the foundation 6 by anchor bolts.

[0022] Preferably, the large mouth area of ​​the windward funnel 1 is more than ten times the small mouth area. If the air flow loss is not considered, theoretically, the wind speed will increase by the same multiple when the diameter is reduced. For example, if the wind speed at the inlet is 3m / s, the wind speed at the outlet can reach level 12 (30-36) m / s. A high-speed wind fan that can generate electricity normally under this wind speed is selected, and its characteristics are direct-drive permanent magnet type, multiple blades (more than three) or coaxial multi-impellers, medium or light load two-point support high-speed double-row ball or double-row tapered bearings, and there is almost no mechanical wear under normal lubrication conditions.

[0023] Preferably, the windward funnel 1 adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy skeleton splicing structure, which is easy to assemble, does not require extra-wide and extra-large equipment for transportation, and has low cost.

[0024] Preferably, the blades of the high-speed small fan 2 and the high-speed main fan 4 adopt high-speed small impellers, and the wind speed requirement is no longer limited to the cut-out limit of 25m / s, and can operate in a larger wind speed range.

[0025] The funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set described above in this embodiment is suitable for working in a wide range of wind conditions with wind speeds of 1-36 m / s at levels 1-12, which can be mainly divided into two situations:

[0026] The first type: when the wind speed is lower than 3m / s, the wind-gathering and speed-increasing effect of the windward funnel 1 increases the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel 1 to a high-speed airflow with a wind speed of 30-36m / s, driving the high-speed main wind turbine 4 to generate electricity. The current is transmitted to the ground transformer through the tower for boosting and is transmitted to the booster station through the transmission line, and then transmitted to the national grid after boosting again.

[0027] The second type: when the wind speed is higher than 3m / s, the wind gathering and speed-up effect of the windward funnel 1 increases the wind speed of the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel 1 to a high-speed airflow greater than 30-36m / s. At this time, the unit system will open the electric opening and closing dampers 3 in front of the high-speed small fan 2 closest to the high-speed main fan 4 in sequence according to the change in wind speed, so that the high-speed airflow is reduced to an airflow of 30-36m / s to drive the high-speed main fan 4 to generate electricity, and part of the airflow drives the high-speed small fan 2 with the electric opening and closing dampers 3 opened to generate electricity. Of course, if the wind speed continues to increase, the unit system will open more electric opening and closing dampers 3 to put more high-speed small fans 2 into the power generation state. Figure 2 As shown, finally, the currents of the high-speed main wind turbine 4 and the high-speed small wind turbine 2 are collected and then transmitted to the ground box transformer through the tower for boosting and then transmitted to the boosting station through the transmission line, and then transmitted to the national grid after being boosted again.

[0028] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating method of a funnel-shaped wind turbine with a high wind energy utilization coefficient, the funnel-shaped wind turbine comprising a windward funnel, a high-speed small fan, an electric opening and closing damper, a high-speed main fan, a tower and a foundation, the windward funnel is fixed on the casing of the high-speed main fan, the high-speed main fan is located at the center of the windward funnel, the high-speed small fan has a plurality of different diameter areas distributed on the windward funnel, and each high-speed small fan is equipped with an electric opening and closing damper to realize the opening or closing of the respective air inlets, the high-speed main fan is fixed to the top of the tower through a yaw slewing support, can automatically yaw to the wind, and keep the windward funnel facing the incoming wind direction, and the tower is fixed on the foundation; it is characterized in that This method is applicable to a wide range of wind conditions with wind speeds of 1-36m / s from level 1 to 12, including the following two situations: The first type: when the wind speed is lower than 3m / s, the wind-gathering and speed-increasing effect of the windward funnel increases the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel to a high-speed airflow with a wind speed of 30-36m / s, driving the high-speed main wind turbine to generate electricity. The current is transmitted to the ground box transformer through the tower for boosting and then transmitted to the booster station through the transmission line, and then transmitted to the national grid after boosting again. The second type: when the wind speed is higher than 3m / s, the wind gathering and speed-up effect of the windward funnel increases the wind speed of the low-speed airflow entering the windward funnel to a high-speed airflow greater than 30-36m / s. At this time, the unit system will open the electric opening and closing dampers in front of the high-speed small fan closest to the high-speed main fan in turn according to the change in wind speed, so that the high-speed airflow is reduced to an airflow of 30-36m / s to drive the high-speed main fan to generate electricity, and part of the airflow drives the high-speed small fan with the electric opening and closing dampers opened to generate electricity. Of course, if the wind speed continues to increase, the unit system will open more electric opening and closing dampers to enable more high-speed small fans to enter the power generation state. Finally, the currents of the high-speed main fan and the high-speed small fan are gathered and then transmitted to the ground box transformer through the tower for boosting and transmitted to the booster station through the transmission line. After boosting again, it is transmitted to the national grid.

2. The method for operating a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large opening area of ​​the windward funnel is more than ten times the small opening area.

3. The method for operating a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the high-speed small fan is funnel-shaped.

4. The method for operating a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The windward funnel adopts a light aluminum alloy frame splicing structure.

5. The method for operating a funnel-shaped wind turbine generator set with a high wind energy utilization coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades of the high-speed small fan and the high-speed main fan adopt high-speed small impellers.

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