High-speed train gearbox high-frequency vibration test bench

Abstract

The invention patent discloses a high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench, which consists of a gearbox transmission system, an axle support mechanism, an eddy current load device, an electromagnetic excitation system, a damping vibration reduction system, a bearing platform and a mounting base. The gearbox transmission system provides driving force and is fixedly connected to the bearing platform; the axle support mechanism includes an axle, a bearing seat and a bearing seat mounting frame, which are installed on the bearing platform; the eddy current load device is used to simulate the load of different train attached weights; the electromagnetic excitation system is used to simulate the external excitation of the gearbox during the high-speed train running process, acting on the lower end and side end of the bearing platform; the damping vibration reduction system is connected to the axle support mechanism coupling for vertical vibration reduction to simulate the gravity loading of the train; the bearing platform is composed of two concave and convex plates that cooperate with each other; the mounting base supports the entire test bench and is connected to the ground; the invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can realize the gearbox vibration characteristic detection of high-speed trains under different operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent relates to a vibration characteristic detection test bench for a gearbox housing of a transmission system for rail vehicles, specifically a high-frequency excitation test bench for a high-speed train gearbox, and belongs to the field of railway transportation technology. Background Art

[0002] As early as 2017, the service speed of my country's "Fuxing" reached 350km / h. The rapid development of high-speed railways and the continuous increase in operating speeds have put higher and higher requirements on the performance of trains. With the increase in speed and the increasing complexity of the operating environment, the vibration of various parts of the train has also increased sharply, which not only affects the comfort of riding, but also brings safety hazards to the normal operation of the train, especially to the gearbox transmission system of high-speed trains. As the core unit of energy conversion and transmission, the gearbox in the bogie of a high-speed train plays a very important role in the power transmission and safe operation of high-speed trains. Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to carry out research on the vibration characteristics of the gearbox of a high-speed train. Line tests are often used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the gearbox of a train under different line conditions, but it is difficult to analyze the vibration characteristics of the gearbox under specific conditions. At the same time, there are problems such as long test cycles and high costs. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to design and study a test bench that can simulate the actual operating conditions of the gearbox of a high-speed train. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can effectively save construction costs, optimize the system structure and accurately simulate the actual operating environment of the high-speed train gearbox.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0005] A high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench comprises a gearbox transmission system 1 capable of providing power transmission; the gearbox transmission system 1 comprises a driving motor, a motor support seat, a fixing frame and a gearbox; the driving motor is screwed to the motor support seat; the motor support seat is screwed to an upper bearing platform; the fixing frame is connected to a front housing of the gearbox by bolts; the fixing frame is screwed to the upper bearing platform; the gearbox pinion shaft is connected to a motor drive shaft by a coupling.

[0006] Preferably, the drive motor is a three-phase asynchronous drive motor; the motor support seat is made of high carbon steel; the motor support seat is an L-shaped support, and the connecting surface with the upper bearing platform is provided with four centrally symmetrical threaded holes; the motor support seat and the fixing frame are both designed with reinforcing ribs.

[0007] Preferably, the axle support mechanism 2 includes an axle, a bearing seat and a bearing seat mounting frame; the axle is a solid shaft and the left and right ends are two-end stepped shafts; the axle is provided with a key position and is keyed to the large gear of the gearbox; the axle is provided with a keyway that cooperates with the turntable of the eddy current load device; the key connection is positioned by a shoulder; the bearing seat is connected to the left and right ends of the axle for symmetrical installation and the same structure; the bearing seat is provided with a screw mounting hole that cooperates with the bearing seat mounting frame; the bearing mounting frame is in the shape of an I-beam, provided with a reinforcing rib, and a threaded hole is opened at the bottom to be screwed to the upper bearing platform.

[0008] Preferably, the eddy current load device 3 comprises a turntable, an iron core yoke, an excitation coil, a junction box, a shell plate and a shell plate mounting frame; the turntable is made of low carbon steel; the turntable is connected to the axle by a key connection, and is positioned by the shaft shoulder during installation; a certain air gap width is provided between the turntable and the iron core yoke in the eddy current load device; the iron core yoke is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the turntable; the iron core yoke is wound with an excitation coil; the excitation coil generates an excitation current after being energized, and the excitation coil and the iron core yoke are fixed inside the shell plate; the iron core and shell plate are made of silicon steel; the shell plate is connected to the shell plate mounting frame by screws; the shell plate mounting frame is connected to the upper bearing platform by screws.

[0009] Preferably, the electromagnetic excitation system 4 includes two vertical electromagnetic excitation devices and one transverse electromagnetic excitation device; the vertical electromagnetic excitation device is symmetrically installed just below the bearing seat mounting frame and is connected to the lower bearing platform by screws; the vertical electromagnetic excitation device is composed of an exciter, an exciter mounting seat, and a T-shaped excitation rod; the exciter is connected to the exciter mounting seat; a threaded hole is opened at the bottom of the exciter mounting seat and is connected to the base plate with screws; one end of the T-shaped excitation rod is connected to the upper part of the exciter, and the other end is connected to the lower bearing platform with screws; the transverse electromagnetic excitation device includes an exciter, an exciter mounting seat, an excitation rod, a T-shaped excitation cross bar, a crank arm, a crank arm mounting plate and a crank The invention comprises an arm support frame; the installation position of the transverse electromagnetic excitation device is at the left end of the bearing platform; the T-shaped excitation cross bar of the transverse electromagnetic excitation device acts horizontally on the upper bearing platform; the structure and installation of the exciter and the exciter mounting seat are the same as those of the vertical electromagnetic excitation device; one end of the excitation rod is connected to the exciter and the other end is connected to the crank arm through a pin shaft; the other end of the crank arm is connected to the T-shaped excitation cross bar through a pin shaft, and finally connected to the crank arm support frame through the screws of the crank arm mounting plate; the crank arm mounting plates are two and symmetrical to the crank arm, and are connected to the crank arm by a pin shaft; the crank arm support frame is fixedly connected to the exciter mounting seat; the right end of the T-shaped excitation cross bar is connected to the upper bearing platform by screws.

[0010] Preferably, the damping vibration reduction system 5 includes a flange coupling, a connecting shaft, a connecting shaft bearing seat, a damper, a damper mounting plate and a gate-type column; the damping vibration reduction system is installed at both ends of the axle and is symmetrical on the left and right; one end of the coupling of the flange coupling is connected to the end of the axle in the axle support device, and the other end is connected to the connecting shaft; a keyway is provided in the coupling to be key-connected with the axle and the connecting shaft; the connecting shaft is provided with a shoulder keyway and a thread installed with a nut at the end; the connecting shaft bearing seat structure is the same as the bearing seat in the axle support mechanism; threaded holes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the damper mounting plate to be screwed to the connecting shaft bearing seat and the damper respectively; the damper includes a spring, a spring retaining ring and a threaded column; the spring is pressed by the damper upper plate and the spring retaining ring; the spring retaining ring is threadedly connected to the threaded column; the threaded column bottom plate is connected to the gate-type column by screws; the gate-type column is connected to the mounting base by screws.

[0011] Preferably, the bearing platform 6 comprises two layers, namely an upper bearing platform and a lower bearing platform; the upper portion of the upper bearing platform is provided with threaded holes, and the bottom is evenly provided with T-slots; the upper portion of the lower bearing platform is evenly provided with T-columns that are matched and connected with the T-slots of the upper bearing platform; the column-slot matching connection has a certain margin to allow the bearing platform to move slightly; the upper portion of the bearing platform is screwed to connect the gearbox transmission system, the axle support mechanism and the eddy current load device, and the lower portion is screwed to connect the vertical electromagnetic exciter.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting base 7 is fixed on the ground and is made of steel; the upper portion of the mounting base is provided with threaded holes for screw connection with the door-shaped column and the electromagnetic excitation device.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical scheme is that: compared with the prior art, the eddy current load device of the present invention can realize non-contact load on the axle, and the load can be quantitatively measured, which is conducive to studying the vibration characteristics of the gearbox case under different working conditions; in addition, most of the vertical loading indoor test benches adopt a gantry frame scheme, and the gantry frame plus a vertical actuator simulates the weight of the vehicle body. This vertical loading has a certain influence on the study of the vibration characteristics of the gearbox, but the influence is limited. According to the comparative test simulation, the vertical amplitude of the test bench axle with or without the action of vertical loading can be obtained, and the corresponding stiffness and damping can be calculated based on this amplitude to replace the vertical loading effect of the vertical actuator; another beneficial aspect of the invention is that the structure is simple, the wheelset and other structures are removed, and the actual operating conditions of the high-speed train can be effectively simulated, which is convenient for experimental research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1It is an axonometric projection diagram of the high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench described in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view of the high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench described in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a top view of the high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench described in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is the axonometric projection diagram of the gearbox transmission system of the test bench.

[0019] Figure 5 These are the front and top views of the gearbox transmission system of the test bench.

[0020] Figure 6 It is the axonometric projection of the test bench axle support device.

[0021] Figure 7 It is an axonometric projection of the eddy current load device of the test bench.

[0022] Figure 8 These are the left and rear views of the test bench eddy current load device.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is the axonometric projection diagram of the transverse electromagnetic exciter of the electromagnetic excitation system of the test bench.

[0024] Fig.10 These are the front and left views of the transverse electromagnetic exciter of the test bench electromagnetic excitation system.

[0025] Fig.11 It is the axonometric projection diagram of the vertical electromagnetic exciter of the electromagnetic excitation system of the test bench.

[0026] Fig.12 It is the axonometric projection of the test bench damping and vibration reduction system.

[0027] Fig.13 These are the front and left views of the test bench damping and vibration reduction system.

[0028] Fig.14 It is the bearing projection diagram of the test bench damper.

[0029] Fig.15 It is the axonometric projection of the door-type column of the test bench.

[0030] Fig.16 This is the front view of the test bench bearing platform.

[0031] In the figure: 1-gearbox transmission system, 2-axle support mechanism, 3-eddy current load device, 4-electromagnetic excitation system, 5-damping vibration reduction system, 6-carrying platform, 7-mounting base, 8-motor support seat, 9-driving motor, 10-fixed frame, 11-gearbox, 12-axle bearing seat, 13-bearing seat mounting frame, 14-axle, 15-turntable, 16-shell plate, 17-shell plate mounting frame, 18-core yoke, 19-excitation coil, 20-exciter mounting seat , 21-exciter, 22-excitation rod, 23-crank arm, 24-crank arm mounting plate, 25-T-type excitation cross bar, 26-crank arm support frame, 27-T-type excitation rod, 28-flange coupling, 29-connecting shaft, 30-connecting shaft bearing seat, 31-damper mounting plate, 32-damper, 33-damper threaded column, 34-spring adjustable retaining ring, 35-spring, 36-tightening nut, 37-door-type column, 38-upper load-bearing platform, 39-lower load-bearing platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the examples of the present invention, not all of them. It should be understood that the specific examples described here are only used to explain this patent, and are not used to limit this patent.

[0033] like Figure 1 , 2, 3, as shown, this patent provides a high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench, including a gearbox transmission system 1 that provides driving force, an axle support mechanism 2, an eddy current load device 3 arranged on the axle, an electromagnetic excitation system 4 acting on a cast iron platform, a damping vibration reduction system 5 connected to the axle, a bearing platform 6 that carries the above structures 1, 2, and 3, and a mounting base 7 for installing the entire test bench. The gearbox transmission system 1 and the axle support mechanism 2 are keyed to the gearbox gear; the rotating eddy current load device 3 is keyed to the axle; the electromagnetic excitation system 4 is screwed to the mounting base 7 and the bearing platform 6; the damping vibration reduction system 5 is connected to the axle; the bearing platform 6 is subjected to lateral and vertical excitation by the electromagnetic excitation device; the mounting base 7 is connected to the ground.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4, as shown in Figure 5, the gearbox transmission system 3 is composed of a motor support seat 8, a drive motor 9, a fixing frame 10 and a gearbox 11. The motor support seat 8 is provided with a hole groove and bolted to the drive motor 9; the motor support seat 8 is screwed to the upper bearing platform 38; the drive motor 9 is connected to a three-phase alternating current to provide transmission power; the drive motor 9 transmission shaft is connected to the gearbox 11 through a coupling; the fixing frame 10 is installed with four screws and connected to the upper bearing platform 38; the gearbox 11 is fixed to the fixing frame 10 through a screw connection; the large gear of the gearbox 11 is keyed to the axle 14.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the axle support device is composed of an axle 14, an axle bearing seat 12 and a bearing seat mounting frame 13. The axle 14 is provided with two keyways which are respectively connected with the turntable 15 of the eddy current load device and the large gear of the gear box 11; the axle bearing seat 12 and the bearing seat mounting frame 13 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the axle 14; the axle bearing seat 12 and the bearing seat mounting frame 13 are connected by screws; when the driving motor drives the axle, it plays a supporting role; the bearing seat mounting frame 13 is screwed to the upper cast iron platform 38.

[0036] In one specific embodiment of the invention, Figure 7 As shown in Figure 8, the eddy current load device consists of a turntable 15, a shell plate 16, a shell plate mounting frame 17, an iron core yoke 18 and an excitation coil 19. The turntable 15 is provided with heat dissipation and weight reduction holes; the turntable 15 is provided with a keyway and is keyed to the axle 14; the turntable 15 is not in contact with the shell plate 16; a certain air gap width is left with the iron core yoke 18; the shell plate 16 is screwed to the shell plate mounting frame 17; the shell plate mounting frame 17 is provided with reinforcing ribs and screw holes; the iron core yoke 18 and the excitation coil 19 are fixedly installed inside the shell plate; the iron core yoke has a total of twelve magnetic poles; the excitation current flowing through the excitation coil 19 will generate a magnetic field; the turntable 15 rotates in the magnetic field to cut the magnetic lines of force, generating eddy currents inside the turntable, and then generating a load force opposite to its rotation direction.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 , 10, 11, the electromagnetic excitation system is composed of a lateral electromagnetic exciter and a vertical electromagnetic exciter; Fig. 9 , 10The transverse electromagnetic exciter is composed of an exciter mounting seat 20, an exciter 21, an excitation rod 22, a crank arm 23, a crank arm mounting plate 24, a T-shaped excitation cross bar 25, and a crank arm support frame 26; the exciter mounting seat 20 is connected to the mounting base 7 by screws; the exciter 21 is installed on the exciter mounting seat 20; the excitation rod 22 is installed on the exciter 21; the two ends of the crank arm 23 are connected to the excitation rod 22 and the T-shaped excitation cross bar 25 by a pin, and the other end is connected to the crank arm support frame 26 by a screw on the crank arm mounting seat 24; the crank arm support frame 26 is fixedly connected to the exciter mounting seat 20; the T-shaped excitation cross bar 25 converts the vertical excitation force into a horizontal excitation force through the crank arm to act on the upper bearing platform 38. Fig.11 The vertical electromagnetic exciter includes an exciter mounting base 20, an exciter 21 and a T-shaped exciter rod 27. The exciter mounting base 20 and the exciter 21 are installed and implemented in the same manner as the vertical similar structures above; the T-shaped exciter rod 27 transmits the vertical exciting force to act vertically on the lower bearing platform 39.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig.12 As shown in 13 and 14 , the damping vibration reduction system consists of a flange coupling 28 , a connecting shaft 29 , a connecting shaft bearing seat 30 , a damper mounting platform 31 and a damper 32 . The flange coupling 28 includes a coupling and a key, and the coupling is fixed by screws; the key connects the coupling 28 to the connecting shaft 29; the connecting shaft 29 is provided with a shoulder and a keyway to be keyed to the flange coupling; the connecting shaft bearing seat 30 has the same structure as the axle bearing seat 12; the connecting shaft bearing seat 30 is connected to the damper mounting platform 31 by screws; the damper 32 is fixed to the upper end of the damper mounting seat by screws, and the damper 32 is also fixed to the door-type column 37 by screws; the damper 32 comprises a damper threaded column 33, a spring adjustable retaining ring 34, a spring 35, and a clamping nut 36; the damping size is adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the spring adjustable retaining ring 34 in cooperation with the threaded column; the clamping nut 36 clamps the contact plate on the spring; the door-type column 37 is provided with a through hole to connect the mounting base by screws ( Fig.15 ).

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig.16 As shown, the bearing platform includes an upper bearing platform 38 and a lower bearing platform 39 of two layers, and both the upper bearing platform 38 and the lower bearing platform 39 are designed with threaded holes for easy connection between the on-platform device and the exciter screws; the bearing platform is matched with T-slots and T-columns, and has a certain matching margin, which enables the cast iron platform to withstand lateral and vertical exciting forces at the same time without generating oblique forces that affect the test results.

[0040] The use process of the present invention is as follows: the driving motor 9 is used to generate driving force, which is transmitted to the gear box 11 through the transmission shaft and then the power is transmitted to the axle 14. After the eddy current load device 3 on the axle is energized, a magnetic field is generated to make the turntable generate force in the opposite direction and then provide force to simulate the train load. The wheel-rail disturbance force due to the unevenness of the wheel and rail during the running of the train can be applied with lateral force and vertical force through the electromagnetic excitation system. The flange coupling 28 transmits the power from the axle to the connecting shaft 29. The connecting shaft 30 can simulate the vertical loading effect of the vehicle section through the connecting shaft bearing seat 30, the damper 32 and the door-type column 37 structure. Torque sensors can be installed on the gearbox motor drive shaft and the turntable shaft to measure the real-time transmission torque during the operation of the test bench, and speed and acceleration sensors can be arranged in the gearbox housing to study its vibration characteristics.

[0041] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and low cost, and can complete the gearbox vibration data collection under line test conditions.

[0042] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed train gearbox high-frequency excitation test bench, comprising a gearbox transmission system (1), an axle support mechanism (2), an eddy current load device (3), an electromagnetic excitation system (4), a damping vibration reduction system (5), a bearing platform (6) and a mounting base (7), characterized in that: The gearbox transmission system (1) is composed of a driving motor (9), a fixing frame (10) and a gearbox (11); the driving motor (9) is connected to a motor support seat (12) and fixed on a bearing platform (6); the motor driving shaft is connected to the gearbox (11); the front end of the pinion shaft of the gearbox (11) is fixed on the bearing platform (6) by the fixing frame (10); The axle support mechanism (2) supports the gearbox transmission system through the axle bearing seat (12); the axle bearing seat (12) is adapted to a cylindrical roller bearing, and through holes are provided on both sides of the axle bearing seat (12) and connected to the bearing seat mounting frame (13) through screws; The eddy current load device (3) is composed of a turntable (15), a shell plate (16), a shell plate mounting frame (17), an iron core yoke (18), an excitation coil (19) and a junction box. The turntable is key-connected to the axle (14) and rotates with the axle (14). The excitation coil (19) is wound around the iron core yoke (18). The junction box is connected to the electric wire tube. The electromagnetic excitation system (4) is composed of two vertical electromagnetic excitation devices and one transverse electromagnetic excitation device. The electromagnetic excitation device is fixedly connected to the mounting base (7) by screws. The vertical electromagnetic excitation device includes an exciter (21), an exciter mounting seat (20) and a T-shaped excitation rod (27). The head of the T-shaped excitation rod acts vertically directly below the axle on the bearing platform. In addition to the above-mentioned components, the transverse electromagnetic excitation device is additionally provided with a crank arm (23), an excitation rod (22) and a crank arm support frame (26). The crank arm (23) is connected to the excitation rod (22) and the T-shaped excitation cross bar (25) by a pin shaft. The crank arm mounting plate (24) is connected to the crank arm support frame (26) by screws. The crank arm support frame (26) is fixedly connected to the exciter mounting seat (20). The damping vibration reduction system (5) comprises two left and right parts and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axle (14); the left and right ends of the axle (14) are connected to the connecting shaft (29) through a rigid flange coupling (28); the end of the connecting shaft (29) cooperates with the connecting shaft bearing seat (30); the connecting shaft bearing seat (30) and the damper mounting plate (31) are screw-connected; the damper (32) in the damping vibration reduction system (5) comprises a spring (35), a spring adjustable retaining ring (34) and a damper threaded column (33); the spring adjustable retaining ring (34) is threadedly connected to the damper threaded column (33), and the damper (32) is screw-connected to the door-shaped column (37); The bearing platform (6) comprises two layers of steel plates with clearance fit; the bottom surface of the upper steel plate is provided with evenly distributed T-shaped slots; the top surface of the lower steel plate is provided with T-shaped columns with clearance fit to the T-shaped slots; The mounting base (7) adopts a steel structure to ensure the hardness of the working surface.

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