Electric Vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric vehicle, which includes two vehicle body beams and a battery pack assembly, wherein the battery pack assembly includes a plurality of battery compartments for accommodating battery modules, and at least some of the battery compartments are located on the side and / or bottom of the vehicle body beam. The vehicle-mounted battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle can be installed on the vehicle body beam from below the vehicle, and can be docked and locked with a locking structure through a vehicle-mounted base to complete the chassis battery replacement process of the electric vehicle, significantly improving the battery replacement speed and battery replacement success rate.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application CN2021116067637, filed on December 26, 2021, Chinese patent application CN2021116067815, filed on December 26, 2021, and Chinese patent application CN2021114443838, filed on November 30, 2021. This application cites the full text of the above Chinese patent application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of battery replacement, and in particular to an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0003] The current battery replacement modes for commercial vehicles such as heavy trucks, light trucks, and tractors are mostly top-lifting battery replacement, side-grabbing battery replacement, etc.

[0004] The side gripping uses a rigid gripping mechanism, and there is no flexible link between the gripping mechanism and the battery. If the accuracy is low and the alignment is not good, the force generated to correct the position will be very large, which will cause great damage to the guide mechanism, and relatively high control accuracy is required.

[0005] Since the battery pack is suspended by a flexible steel cable, it is easier to achieve tolerance when the battery is close to the seat. However, the grabbing mechanism is set above the vehicle, resulting in a high overall height of the equipment, which is not conducive to urban construction. At the same time, the positioning method of the top hoisting is also relatively primitive, requiring high driving skills from the driver. If the vehicle is not parked on time, the success rate of battery replacement will be significantly reduced.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of existing trucks and cater to the future pure electric heavy-duty commercial vehicle series, another battery replacement method is needed, which is suitable for the existing truck chassis (with a drive shaft) and the future pure electric chassis (without a drive shaft, but with electric drive). Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle in order to overcome the defects of inconvenient battery replacement operation and low battery replacement efficiency in the prior art.

[0008] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0009] An electric vehicle comprises two body beams and a battery pack assembly, wherein the battery pack assembly comprises a plurality of battery compartments for accommodating battery modules, and at least some of the battery compartments are located on the side and / or bottom of the body beams.

[0010] In the present invention, the on-board battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle can be installed on the body beam from the bottom of the vehicle, and can be docked and locked with the locking structure through the on-board base to complete the chassis battery replacement process of the electric vehicle, significantly improving the battery replacement speed and battery replacement success rate.

[0011] Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is connected to the vehicle body beam, and the locking mechanism cooperates with a locking piece on the battery pack assembly.

[0012] In the present invention, the battery pack assembly is fixed to the vehicle body beam through the cooperation of the locking mechanism and the locking member, thereby achieving the fixation of the battery pack assembly relative to the vehicle body beam.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism has an unlocking portion, which drives the locking mechanism to unlock under the action of an external force, and the unlocking portion is exposed at an end of the battery pack assembly.

[0014] In the present invention, the unlocking portion is exposed at the end of the battery pack assembly, which facilitates the unlocking device to match the unlocking block to unlock the battery pack assembly. The unlocking device does not interfere with the battery pack assembly, and the unlocking groove can be avoided on the battery assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the electric car also has a vehicle-mounted base, and the vehicle-mounted base is installed on the side wall and / or bottom of the vehicle body beam.

[0016] In the present invention, the space on the side of the vehicle body beam is effectively utilized.

[0017] Preferably, the locking mechanism is arranged on the side wall and / or the bottom of the vehicle-mounted base.

[0018] In the present invention, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to realize diversified installation and setting forms of the locking mechanism, and the position can be set arbitrarily according to the space, and the connection is more stable.

[0019] Preferably, the vehicle-mounted base includes two mounting beams, the two mounting beams are respectively connected to the side walls of the two vehicle body beams, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two mounting beams away from the vehicle body beam.

[0020] In the present invention, the battery pack assembly and its locking mechanism on each side are respectively connected by two mounting beams, thereby improving the stability of the structure and facilitating installation and disassembly.

[0021] Preferably, at least part of the battery compartment is located on a side of the mounting beam.

[0022] In the present invention, the space on the side of the vehicle body beam is further effectively utilized, so that more battery modules can be accommodated in the battery pack, the travel is longer, and the number of times the battery pack is replaced is reduced; at the same time, a higher space utilization rate is achieved.

[0023] Preferably, the vehicle-mounted base further comprises a plurality of connecting members, and the connecting members are used to connect and fix the two mounting beams.

[0024] In the present invention, there is space for accommodating the chassis main beam above the connecting piece, which is beneficial to the assembly and fixation of the vehicle on the chassis, while ensuring that the size and shape of the vehicle-mounted base is rectangular, avoiding processing errors into a trapezoid, and achieving the effect of enhancing lateral stability.

[0025] Preferably, the connecting member has a bending portion or a groove, and the bending portion or the groove avoids the arrangement of the transmission shaft of the electric vehicle.

[0026] In the present invention, the bending portion or the groove is used to avoid the transmission shaft, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the vehicle-mounted base.

[0027] Preferably, the plurality of connecting members are arranged separately from each other.

[0028] In the present invention, the structural stability of the vehicle-mounted base is ensured and the weight of the vehicle-mounted base is reduced.

[0029] Preferably, the plurality of connectors include fixed connectors and detachable connectors, the position of the fixed connectors is lower than the position of the detachable connectors, and the transmission shaft of the electric vehicle passes through a middle area between the fixed connectors and the detachable connectors.

[0030] In the present invention, the transmission shaft of the electric truck passes through between the fixed connecting piece and the detachable connecting piece, so that it is easy to install and disassemble, and the structure is simple, reliable and easy to implement.

[0031] Preferably, the detachable connecting member includes a plurality of fixed segments and movable segments, wherein the plurality of fixed segments are directly connected to and fixed to the mounting beam, and at least a portion of the movable segment is detachably mounted on the fixed segment and / or the mounting beam.

[0032] In the present invention, the detachable connecting member is divided into a fixed section and a movable section, so that the overall structure is easy to install and can be connected and fixed in coordination with the installation beam.

[0033] Preferably, at least a portion of the battery compartment is located below the connecting member.

[0034] In the present invention, the space between the vehicle body beams of the electric vehicle is fully utilized, so that battery modules can be installed on both sides and in the middle of the vehicle body beams, respectively, thereby achieving higher space utilization and further increasing the capacity of the battery pack.

[0035] Preferably, the vehicle-mounted base is provided with a positioning matching portion that cooperates with the positioning piece on the battery pack assembly and / or the battery exchange device.

[0036] In the present invention, the positional relationship between the vehicle-mounted battery pack assembly and the vehicle-mounted base is ensured to be fixed during battery replacement, thereby improving installation accuracy.

[0037] Preferably, the positioning matching portion comprises a limiting plate, and the limiting plate forms a snap fit with the positioning member.

[0038] In the present invention, the accuracy requirement of the positioning member is reduced and the installation efficiency is improved.

[0039] Preferably, the limiting plate is L-shaped, one end of the limiting plate is fixed to the mounting beam, and the other end is used to guide the positioning member and form a snap fit with the positioning member.

[0040] In the present invention, the L-shaped limiting plate ensures both the limiting function and the stable installation, which is more conducive to the cooperation with the positioning piece.

[0041] Preferably, a mounting frame for mounting a vehicle-end electrical connector is provided at the front end of the vehicle-mounted base, and two ends of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the two mounting beams through connecting plates.

[0042] In the present invention, the mounting frame is respectively connected to the two mounting beams, so that the electric connector can be stably mounted on the vehicle-mounted base, thereby improving the structural stability.

[0043] Preferably, the mounting frame is located below the vehicle body beam.

[0044] In the present invention, the connection portion is located below the vehicle body beam and is highly close to the vehicle-mounted battery pack assembly, making it easy to connect its circuit portion.

[0045] Preferably, the locking mechanism is provided with an unlocking portion, and the unlocking portion is arranged on an end of the vehicle-mounted base away from the vehicle-end electrical connector.

[0046] In the present invention, the unlocking portion is arranged at an end away from the mounting frame, which makes unlocking easier and avoids unlocking failure caused by structural interference.

[0047] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of lock bases, each of which has an opening slot extending in a vertical direction and a locking slot extending in a horizontal direction, and a top of the opening slot is connected to the locking slot.

[0048] In the present invention, the battery pack can be locked or unlocked by moving in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, thereby improving the locking effect of the locking mechanism and making installation and disassembly very convenient.

[0049] Preferably, the opening of the locking groove faces the side or bottom of the vehicle body beam.

[0050] In the present invention, the locking piece can be easily inserted into the locking groove, and the locking groove has a simple structure, which makes it easy for the battery-swapping robot to lock or unlock the locking mechanism when the chassis is changing batteries.

[0051] Preferably, at least a portion of the lock base is provided with a lock tongue, and the lock tongue is movably installed in the locking groove and can prevent the locking member from escaping from the locking groove.

[0052] In the present invention, a specific structure of a locking mechanism is provided, and a locking member is stably inserted into a locking groove through a locking tongue, so that locking is more reliable, thereby improving the stability of the locking mechanism in a locked state.

[0053] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a lock link, the lock link is movably connected to the lock base via the lock tongue, and an unlocking block is provided on one side of the lock link facing the lock base.

[0054] In the present invention, the unlocking device can match the movement of the unlocking block, and the lock link will drive the lock tongue to close or open the locking groove under the action of external force, making the locking more reliable; at the same time, the lock link can realize synchronous unlocking or locking of multiple lock tongues, which is very convenient to use and reduces costs.

[0055] Preferably, the unlocking block is exposed at an end of the battery pack assembly.

[0056] In the present invention, the unlocking device is easy to match with the unlocking block, and at the same time, it does not interfere with other structures, and can avoid setting an unlocking groove on the battery assembly, thereby improving the unlocking success rate.

[0057] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a lock base, the lock base has an opening extending in a vertical direction, a first threaded portion or a limiting portion is provided in the opening, and the locking member has a matching second threaded portion or a stop portion.

[0058] In the present invention, the above-mentioned locking mechanism is adopted, and locking between the lock base and the locking member can be achieved only along the vertical direction, the installation and connection forms are diversified, the connection is more stable and the structural space utilization rate is high.

[0059] The positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that the on-board battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle can be installed on the body beam from the bottom of the vehicle, and can be docked and locked with the locking structure through the on-board base to complete the chassis battery replacement process of the electric vehicle, significantly improving the battery replacement speed and success rate. The unlocking part is set to be exposed at the end of the battery pack assembly, which is convenient for the unlocking device to match the unlocking part, and does not interfere with other structures, so as to avoid setting an unlocking groove on the battery assembly and improve the success rate of unlocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle-mounted base of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 3 It is a top view of the vehicle-mounted base of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle-mounted base and battery pack of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the vehicle-mounted base of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a connector and a limit plate of a vehicle-mounted base of an electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the vehicle-end electrical connector of the vehicle-mounted base of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack frame in the battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0068] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle in the use state in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0069] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the special-shaped crossbeam, the unlocking part and the lock connecting rod in the vehicle-mounted base of the electric vehicle in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0070] Description of reference numerals:

[0071] Vehicle dock 100

[0072] Mounting beam 110

[0073] Fixed beam 121

[0074] Active beam 122

[0075] Active segment 122a

[0076] Fixed section 122b

[0077] Vehicle-side electrical connector 130

[0078] Mounting frame 131

[0079] Connecting plate 132

[0080] Lock base 140

[0081] Lock tongue 141

[0082] Lock link 142

[0083] Unlock block 143

[0084] Opening slot 144

[0085] Locking groove 145

[0086] Limit plate 150

[0087] The first special-shaped beam 160

[0088] Groove 161

[0089] The second special-shaped beam 170

[0090] Bending portion 171

[0091] Battery pack assembly 200

[0092] Battery pack frame 201

[0093] Battery compartment 202

[0094] Locking member 203

[0095] Battery module 204

[0096] Body beam 300 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0098] Example 1

[0099] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric vehicle, which is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle in this embodiment includes two body beams 300 and a battery pack assembly. In this embodiment, the body beam 300 is located on the chassis of the electric vehicle, and the battery pack assembly includes a plurality of battery compartments for accommodating battery modules, and some of the battery compartments are located on the side of the body beam 300. The battery pack assembly in this embodiment can be installed on the body beam 300 of the chassis of the electric vehicle from the bottom of the vehicle, so that the electric vehicle can be suitable for chassis battery replacement.

[0100] Specifically, the electric vehicle in this embodiment further includes a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is connected to the vehicle body beam 300, and the locking mechanism cooperates with the locking member 203 on the battery pack assembly. Further, the electric vehicle in this embodiment further includes a vehicle-mounted base 100, which is mounted on the side wall of the vehicle body beam 300. At the same time, the locking mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the vehicle-mounted base 100.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should understand that in this embodiment, the vehicle base 100 is installed on the side of the vehicle body beam 300, and the locking mechanism is installed on the side of the vehicle base 100, which effectively utilizes the space on the side of the vehicle body beam 300. Since the vehicle chassis cannot guarantee safety during driving, the battery pack assembly needs to be installed at a certain distance from the ground. Therefore, on this basis, in order to increase the battery capacity of the battery pack assembly, it is necessary to better utilize the space on the side of the vehicle body beam 300.

[0102] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the locking mechanism includes a plurality of lock bases 140, and the lock bases 140 have an opening slot 144 extending in the vertical direction and a locking slot 145 extending in the horizontal direction, and the top of the opening slot 144 is connected to the locking slot 145. The opening slot 144 is connected to the locking slot 145 and forms an L shape as a whole. The locking member 203 is a locking shaft, and the locking slot 145 is used for the locking member 203 to be inserted and locked. When the locking member 203 reaches the intersection of the opening slot 144 and the locking slot 145 from the bottom of the opening slot 144 in the vertical direction, it enters the locking slot 145. In this embodiment, this arrangement of the lock base 140 can effectively improve the locking effect of the locking mechanism, so that the locking member 203 needs to move in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to achieve locking or unlocking.

[0103] Specifically, after the locking member 203 enters the opening slot 144 in the vertical direction, the locking member 203 moves in the horizontal direction, so that the locking member 203 can enter the locking slot 145 from the opening slot 144. At this time, the opening of the locking slot 145 is facing the horizontal direction, that is, the two sides of the two vehicle body beams 300 that are separated from each other, which is more conducive to the battery replacement device to lock and unlock it.

[0104] Specifically, in this embodiment, at least part of the lock base 140 is provided with a lock tongue 141, which is movably installed in the locking groove 145 and can prevent the locking member 203 from being separated from the locking groove 145. The lock tongue 141 extends into the locking groove 145, thereby preventing the locking member 203 from being separated from the locking groove 145, and realizing that the locking member 203 is stably inserted into the locking groove 145, and the locking is more reliable, thereby improving the stability of the locking mechanism in the locked state.

[0105] For the lock base 140 without the locking tongue 141, the locking member 203 at the corresponding position plays the role of auxiliary guidance and auxiliary support. Compared with the lock base 140 with the locking tongue 141, there is no other difference between the two except that the locking cannot be performed.

[0106] Furthermore, the locking mechanism also includes a locking link 142, one end of which is connected to the lock tongue 141, and is movably connected to the lock base 140 through the lock tongue 141. The other end of the locking link 142 extends in a direction away from the locking mechanism and is exposed at the end of the battery pack assembly. An unlocking block 143 is also provided on the side of the locking link 142 facing the lock base 140. The locking link 142 and the unlocking block 143 together form an unlocking portion, which drives the locking mechanism to unlock under the action of an external force. When the locking mechanism needs to be unlocked, a part of the unlocking device on the battery exchange device applies an external force to the unlocking block 143 to lift it up, and at this time, the locking link 142 drives the lock tongue 141 to move and complete the unlocking. Under the action of an external force, the locking link 142 will drive the lock tongue 141 to close or open the locking groove 145, and the locking is more reliable; at the same time, the locking link 142 can achieve synchronous unlocking or locking of multiple lock tongues 141, which is very convenient to use. Specifically, the unlocking block 143 in this embodiment is exposed at the end of the battery pack assembly, which facilitates the matching of the unlocking device and the unlocking block 143. At the same time, the unlocking device does not interfere with other structures of the battery pack assembly or the main beam of the vehicle body during the entire unlocking process, thereby improving the success rate of unlocking and avoiding the need to set an unlocking groove on the battery pack assembly.

[0107] In this embodiment, the locking member 203 is a locking shaft, and accordingly, the locking mechanism adopts the form of a lock base 140 cooperating with the locking shaft. In other embodiments of the present invention, the locking member 203 may also include a threaded portion or a stopper portion. For the above two forms, examples are given below.

[0108] The locking member 203 adopts an implementation method including a threaded portion, and accordingly, a vehicle-mounted base 100 is also installed on the chassis main beam. The difference is that at this time, the vehicle-mounted base 100 is installed on the bottom surface of the chassis main beam, and a lock base 140 is provided on the vehicle-mounted base 100. The lock base 140 has an opening extending in the vertical direction, and the opening has a threaded structure that cooperates with the threaded portion of the locking member 203. When the battery pack assembly and the chassis main beam are close to each other, the locking mechanism will apply a locking torque to the locking member 203 until it is confirmed that the locking is completed. Conversely, when unlocking is required, the locking mechanism will apply a torque for unlocking (in the opposite direction of the torque used for locking) to the locking member 203 until it is unlocked, and the battery pack assembly and the chassis main beam are gradually separated during this process.

[0109] The locking member 203 adopts an implementation method including a stopper, the lock base has an opening extending in the vertical direction, a limiter matching the stopper is provided in the opening, and the lock base and the locking member 203 are vertically locked up and down. The principle is roughly the same as the above scheme, and the purpose of unlocking or locking is achieved by controlling the matching or separation of the stopper and the locking mechanism, which will not be repeated here.

[0110] By adopting the above locking structure, locking between the locking seat and the locking member 203 can be achieved only along the vertical direction, the installation and connection forms are diversified, the connection is more stable and the structural space utilization rate is high.

[0111] like Figure 1-9 As shown, in this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted base 100 includes two mounting beams 110, and the two mounting beams 110 are respectively connected to the side walls of two vehicle body beams 300. On this basis, the locking mechanism in this embodiment is arranged on the side of the two mounting beams 110 away from the vehicle body beam 300, that is, the outer side of the vehicle body beam 300.

[0112] Since the body beam 300 plays an important role in the electric vehicle and has a high requirement for its stability during the driving of the electric vehicle, it is generally impossible to directly install the battery pack assembly and other structures on the body beam 300. In this embodiment, the battery pack assembly and its locking mechanism on one side are connected by two mounting beams 110, which improves the stability of the structure and facilitates installation and removal.

[0113] Specifically, the vehicle-mounted base 100 further includes a plurality of connectors, which are used to connect and fix the two mounting beams 110, and the plurality of connectors are arranged separately from each other. In this embodiment, the connectors are two groups of cross beams erected between the mounting beams 110, and the cross beams are located below the main beams of the vehicle body.

[0114] In this embodiment, there is space above the connecting piece to accommodate the chassis main beam, which is conducive to the assembly and fixation of the vehicle chassis, while ensuring that the size and shape of the vehicle base 100 are rectangular, avoiding processing errors into a trapezoid, and achieving the effect of enhancing lateral stability. Furthermore, the use of separate mechanisms instead of integrally formed or large-area plates can ensure the structural stability of the vehicle base 100 and reduce the weight of the vehicle base 100.

[0115] Furthermore, the plurality of connectors include a fixed connector and a detachable connector, the position of the fixed connector is lower than the position of the detachable connector, and the transmission shaft of the electric vehicle passes through the middle area between the fixed connector and the detachable connector.

[0116] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 1-9As shown, the fixed crossbeam 121 and the movable crossbeam 122 connect and fix the two mounting beams 110, the position of the fixed crossbeam 121 is lower than the position of the movable crossbeam 122, and the drive shaft of the electric truck passes through between the fixed crossbeam 121 and the movable crossbeam 122, so that it is easy to install and disassemble, and the structure is simple, reliable and easy to implement.

[0117] In this embodiment, the movable crossbeam 122 includes a movable section 122a and a fixed section 122b. The fixed section 122b is directly connected to and fixed to the mounting beam 110, and the movable section 122a is detachably mounted on the fixed section 122b. When installing the vehicle-mounted base 100, first remove the movable section 122a, pass the drive shaft of the electric truck between the fixed crossbeam 121 and the movable crossbeam 122, and then install the movable section 122a from above the drive shaft to form a complete crossbeam structure. The above-mentioned installation method makes the vehicle-mounted base 100 easier to install as a whole, and can be connected and fixed with the mounting beam 110.

[0118] Specifically, Figure 1-9 As shown, the battery pack assembly 200 in this embodiment has multiple battery compartments 202. Among them, some battery compartments 202 are located on the side of the mounting beam 110, and some battery compartments 202 are located under the connecting member. In this way, the limited space under the chassis and on the side and below the body beam 300 is fully utilized, and as many battery compartments 202 as possible are arranged to increase the battery capacity.

[0119] Furthermore, the battery pack assembly 200 includes a battery pack frame 201 and a plurality of battery modules 204 . The battery pack frame 201 is provided with a plurality of battery compartments 202 for accommodating the battery modules 204 . The battery compartments 202 are all provided with openings for the battery modules 204 to independently enter or move out of the battery compartments 202 .

[0120] Specifically, in this embodiment, the vehicle base 100 is provided with a positioning matching part that matches with the positioning part on the battery pack assembly 200. When replacing the battery, the positioning part cooperates with the positioning matching part to ensure that the positional relationship between the battery pack assembly and the vehicle base 100 is always kept fixed, thereby improving the installation accuracy.

[0121] In other embodiments of the present invention, the positioning member can also be installed on the battery exchange device. At this time, the positioning matching part on the vehicle base 100 first cooperates with the positioning member, and on this basis, the battery exchange device installs the battery pack assembly to the vehicle base 100. Since the positional relationship between the battery exchange device and the battery pack assembly is determined, once the battery exchange device and the vehicle base 100 are matched through the positioning member and the positioning matching member, the positional relationship between the battery pack assembly and the vehicle base 100 during the battery exchange process is also determined, which can also improve the installation accuracy.

[0122] like Figure 1-5As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the positioning matching portion on the vehicle-mounted base 100 includes a limit plate 150, and the limit plate 150 forms a snap fit with the positioning piece on the battery pack. The limit plate 150 in this embodiment is L-shaped, one end of the limit plate 150 is fixed to the mounting beam 110, and the other end is used to guide the positioning piece and form a snap fit with the positioning piece.

[0123] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a guide surface is provided on the matching surface between the limiting plate 150 and the positioning member, which is more conducive to achieving positioning and further reduces the accuracy requirement of the positioning member.

[0124] like Figure 1-5 As shown, specifically, a mounting frame 131 for mounting the vehicle-end electrical connector 130 is provided at the front end of the vehicle-mounted base 100, and both ends of the mounting frame 131 are respectively connected to the two mounting beams 110 through connecting plates 132. In this embodiment, the mounting frame 131 is respectively connected to the two mounting beams 110, so that the vehicle-end electrical connector 130 can be stably mounted on the vehicle-mounted base 100, thereby improving the structural stability and facilitating disassembly and assembly.

[0125] In this embodiment, the mounting frame 131 is located below the vehicle body beam 300. Since the battery pack assembly is located below the vehicle body beam 300 as a whole, the mounting frame 131 is set below the vehicle body beam 300 in this embodiment, so that the vehicle-end electrical connector 130 installed on the mounting frame 131 is also located below the vehicle body beam 300, and its height is closer to the height of the battery pack assembly. After the height of the vehicle-end electrical connector 130 is lowered by a certain distance through this installation method, when the battery pack assembly is about to be installed in place from below the vehicle body beam 300, the distance between the battery pack assembly and the vehicle-end electrical connector 130 is shorter than before, which makes it easier to connect and form the circuit part of the battery pack assembly.

[0126] Furthermore, the unlocking part on the locking mechanism is arranged at one end of the vehicle-mounted base 100 away from the vehicle-end electrical connector 130. In this embodiment, the unlocking part is arranged at one end away from the mounting frame 131, avoiding the vehicle-end electrical connector 130, avoiding the situation of unlocking failure due to structural interference, and improving the unlocking success rate.

[0127] Example 2

[0128] This embodiment provides an electric vehicle, which is generally similar in structure to the electric vehicle in Embodiment 1, except that the structure of the connecting piece in the vehicle base 100 is different, and the arrangement of the lock link and the unlocking part is different.

[0129] Specifically, Fig.10 As shown, the connecting member in this embodiment adopts a special-shaped beam to avoid the transmission shaft and other structures of the electric truck. The special-shaped beam includes a first special-shaped beam 160 and a second special-shaped beam 170.

[0130] A groove 161 is provided in the middle of the lower edge of the first special-shaped cross beam 160 , and the opening direction of the groove 161 is set downward, so that the first special-shaped cross beam 160 has an avoidance position at the bottom compared with ordinary connecting parts.

[0131] The second special-shaped cross beam 170 has a bent portion 171 bent downward in the middle thereof. In order to ensure structural strength, the bent portion 171 has a straight edge in the middle, and both ends are bent and connected to the special-shaped cross beam 170. Compared with ordinary connecting parts, the second special-shaped cross beam 170 has an avoidance position at its upper part due to the structure of the bent portion 171.

[0132] In this embodiment, since the avoidance positions of the first special-shaped cross beam 160 and the second special-shaped cross beam 170 are respectively located at the upper and lower sides, it is easier for the transmission shaft to pass through the middle. In other embodiments, if the volume of components such as the transmission shaft is not large, the transmission shaft can be directly passed through one or both of the grooves 161 or the bent portions 171, which can also achieve the avoidance effect and facilitate the installation of the vehicle-mounted base 100.

[0133] At this time, for the vehicle base 100, the vehicle base 100 can be directly installed on the vehicle body beam 300 without disassembling any structure, and the drive shaft of the electric truck passes through between the fixed beam 121 and the movable beam 122. The structure is simple, reliable and easy to implement.

[0134] like Fig.10 As shown, the lock link and unlocking part in this embodiment are different from those in Embodiment 1. The lock link extends and is exposed at both ends in the length direction of the vehicle-mounted base 100. The unlocking block as the unlocking part also protrudes downward in this embodiment, making it easier to match the unlocking device.

[0135] In this embodiment, the unlocking blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the lock link and are both located on the lower side of the lock link, so as to avoid interference between the unlocking device and other structures on the vehicle base 100 or the vehicle body beam, thereby improving the success rate of battery replacement.

[0136] By adopting the technical solution in the above embodiment, the height space under the vehicle body beam is fully utilized. When the battery swapping equipment disassembles the battery pack assembly, the unloaded battery swapping equipment can directly enter the space below the battery pack assembly without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle; when the battery swapping equipment installs the battery pack assembly, the battery swapping equipment carrying the battery pack assembly can also directly enter the bottom of the vehicle body beam for battery swapping without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle. During the whole process, there is no need to lift the vehicle body, set up a sunken space or dig a pit for the battery swapping equipment to enter and exit, which reduces the cost, time and difficulty of building a battery swapping station, reduces the requirements for the site of the station, and improves the efficiency of battery swapping.

[0137] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises two body beams and a battery pack assembly, wherein the battery pack assembly comprises a plurality of battery compartments for accommodating battery modules, and at least some of the battery compartments are located on the side and / or bottom of the body beam; The electric vehicle further comprises a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism being connected to the vehicle body beam, and the locking mechanism cooperating with a locking member on the battery pack assembly; The electric vehicle further comprises a vehicle-mounted base, wherein the vehicle-mounted base is mounted on a side wall of the vehicle body beam and / or the vehicle-mounted base is mounted on a side portion and a bottom portion of the vehicle body beam; The vehicle-mounted base includes two mounting beams, and the two mounting beams are respectively connected to the side walls of the two vehicle body beams; The vehicle-mounted base further includes a plurality of connecting members, the connecting members are used to connect and fix the two mounting beams, and the plurality of connecting members are arranged separately from each other; The plurality of connecting members include fixed connecting members and detachable connecting members, the position of the fixed connecting members is lower than the position of the detachable connecting members, and the transmission shaft of the electric vehicle passes through the middle area between the fixed connecting members and the detachable connecting members; The locking mechanism comprises a plurality of lock bases, wherein the lock bases have an opening slot extending in a vertical direction and a locking slot extending in a horizontal direction, and the top of the opening slot is communicated with the locking slot.

2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism has an unlocking portion, which drives the locking mechanism to unlock under the action of an external force, and the unlocking portion is exposed at the end of the battery pack assembly.

3. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism is arranged on the side wall and / or the bottom of the vehicle-mounted base.

4. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism is arranged on a side of the two mounting beams away from the vehicle body beam.

5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least part of the battery compartment is located on a side of the mounting beam.

6. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member has a bending portion or a groove, and the bending portion or the groove avoids the arrangement of the transmission shaft of the electric vehicle.

7. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable connecting member includes a plurality of fixed segments and movable segments, wherein the plurality of fixed segments are directly connected to and fixed to the mounting beam, and at least a portion of the movable segment is detachably mounted on the fixed segment and / or the mounting beam.

8. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the battery compartment is located below the connecting member.

9. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted base is provided with a positioning matching portion that cooperates with the positioning piece on the battery pack assembly and / or the battery replacement device.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positioning matching portion includes a limiting plate, and the limiting plate forms a snap fit with the positioning member.

11. The electric vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: The limiting plate is L-shaped, one end of the limiting plate is fixed to the mounting beam, and the other end is used to guide the positioning member and form a snap fit with the positioning member.

12. The electric vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that: A mounting frame for mounting a vehicle-end electrical connector is provided at the front end of the vehicle-mounted base, and two ends of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the two mounting beams through connecting plates.

13. The electric vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that: The mounting frame is located below the vehicle body beam.

14. The electric vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that: The locking mechanism is provided with an unlocking portion, and the unlocking portion is arranged on an end of the vehicle-mounted base away from the vehicle-end electrical connector.

15. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the locking groove faces the side or the bottom of the vehicle body beam.

16. The electric vehicle according to claim 15, characterized in that: At least a portion of the lock base is provided with a lock tongue, which is movably mounted in the locking groove and can prevent the locking member from escaping from the locking groove.

17. The electric vehicle according to claim 16, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also includes a locking link, which is movably connected to the lock base through the locking tongue, and an unlocking block is provided on one side of the locking link facing the lock base.

18. The electric vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that: The unlocking block is exposed at an end of the battery pack assembly.

19. The electric vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a lock base, the lock base has an opening extending in a vertical direction, a first threaded portion or a limiting portion is arranged in the opening, and the locking member has a matching second threaded portion or a stop portion.

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