A Circular Centering Device for Precision Metal Parts of Automobiles and Its Process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a circular centering device and its process for automotive precision metal parts in the field of automotive metal part processing, including a workbench and a pressing device. At the top of the workbench, there are two clamping plates and a feeding plate. At the top of the feeding plate, there is a feeding mechanism, which is used to convey the small end of the connecting rod into the piston and keep it at the center position between the two clamping plates. At the top of the workbench, four positioning blocks are arranged through a limiting mechanism. The four positioning blocks are spliced into a whole and correspond to the piston pin in the middle of the pressing device. The limiting mechanism is used to limit the positioning blocks to always remain in a vertical state. At the upper side of the positioning blocks, four guiding plates are arranged through an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is used to drive the four guiding plates to move upward when the small end of the connecting rod moves into the piston until the tops of the guiding plates are inserted into the holes of the small end of the connecting rod, solving the problem that the existing circular centering device for automotive precision metal parts is difficult to center the piston, connecting rod and piston pin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive metal part processing, and particularly to a circular centering device and process for automotive precision metal parts. Background Technique

[0002] The piston and piston pin are important precision metal parts in an automotive engine. Among them, the piston pin can be divided into a full-floating piston pin and a semi-floating piston pin according to different installation methods. The middle part of the semi-floating piston pin passes through the small hole of the connecting rod head to connect the piston and the connecting rod. One of the piston pin and the piston or the small head of the connecting rod is fixedly connected and the other is in relative motion.

[0003] In the existing technology, when the semi-floating piston pin needs to be fixedly connected to the small head of the connecting rod, the staff first aligns the small hole of the connecting rod head with the insertion hole in the middle of the piston, and then presses the piston pin into the holes of the piston and the small head of the connecting rod through a press-fitting machine. However, manual alignment by workers will cause deviations, making it difficult for the piston pin to be fixed to the center position of the small head of the connecting rod, thus causing a change in the transmission length of the connecting rod and affecting the use of the piston. Secondly, manual centering operation is very inconvenient, increasing the burden on the staff, and the existing circular centering devices for automotive precision metal parts are difficult to center the piston, connecting rod and piston pin.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a circular centering device and process for automotive precision metal parts that center the piston, connecting rod and piston pin to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circular centering device and process for automotive precision metal parts to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A circular centering device for automotive precision metal parts, including a workbench and a press-fitting device. Two clamping plates and a feeding plate are arranged at the top of the workbench. A feeding mechanism is arranged at the top of the feeding plate. The feeding mechanism is used to convey the small head of the connecting rod into the piston and keep it at the center position between the two clamping plates. Four positioning blocks are arranged at the top of the workbench through a limiting mechanism. The four positioning blocks are spliced into a whole and correspond to the piston pin in the middle of the press-fitting device. The limiting mechanism is used to limit the positioning blocks to always maintain a vertical state. Four guiding plates are arranged above the positioning blocks through an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is used to drive the four guiding plates to move upward when the small head of the connecting rod moves into the piston until the tops of the guiding plates are inserted into the holes of the small head of the connecting rod. A clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate. The clamping mechanism is used to drive the two clamping plates to move to limit the piston to the middle of the workbench and adjust the heights of the feeding plate and the guiding plate according to the distance between the two clamping plates;

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly installed at the bottom end of the workbench. A sleeve is slidably connected to the middle of the mounting plate. The bottom end of the sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate through a tension spring. The outer side of the top end of the sleeve is rotatably connected to an adjusting disk. The clamping mechanism drives the adjusting disk to rotate while driving the clamping plate to move, and when the adjusting disk can no longer rotate, the movement of the clamping plate is not affected. Four arc-shaped grooves are formed on the surface of the adjusting disk. Push rods are slidably connected to the inner sides of the arc-shaped grooves. The upper sides of the push rods pass through and are slidably connected to the positioning blocks, and the top ends of the push rods are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide plate. Four L-shaped rods are arranged at the top end of the mounting plate. The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods all pass through and are slidably connected to the mounting plate. The horizontal ends of the four L-shaped rods respectively pass through and are slidably connected to the four push rods. A lifting rod is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve. A lifting frame is slidably connected to the outer side of the lifting rod. The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods are all fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting frame. The bottom end of the lifting frame is connected to the lifting rod through a compression spring. A locking mechanism is arranged in the middle of the lifting rod. The locking mechanism is used to limit the lifting frame from moving upward and unlock the lifting frame when the small head of the connecting rod moves into the piston;

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a mounting groove formed in the middle of the lifting rod. A push-pull plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the right end of the mounting groove through a compression spring. A push-pull block is fixedly installed at the top end of the push-pull plate and is slidably connected to an L-shaped block. The top end of the push-pull block passes through the L-shaped block and is connected to it through a compression spring. A push-pull rod is fixedly installed at the top end of the L-shaped block. A T-shaped rod is slidably connected to the right end of the lifting rod through a compression spring. The right end of the T-shaped rod is wedge-shaped and is in close contact with the bottom of the lifting frame. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting groove. A push-pull gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the front end of the rotating shaft. A push-pull rack is fixedly installed at the left end of the push-pull plate. The push-pull gear is meshed with the push-pull rack. A driving gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rear end of the rotating shaft. A connecting rod is slidably connected to the left end of the lifting rod. The right end of the connecting rod passes through the lifting rod and is fixedly installed with a driving rack. The driving rack is meshed with the driving gear. The size of the driving gear is smaller than that of the push-pull gear. A telescopic block is slidably connected to the middle of the lifting frame through a compression spring. A wedge-shaped block is rotatably connected to the right end of the telescopic block through a torsion spring. The wedge-shaped block cannot be turned downward;

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes limiting blocks fixedly installed on the sides of the positioning blocks away from the lifting rod. Sliding plates are slidably connected to the outer sides of the limiting blocks. The ends of the sliding plates away from the positioning blocks all pass through and are slidably connected to the workbench. The top ends of the sliding plates are on the same horizontal plane as the top end of the workbench;

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes special-shaped rods fixedly installed at the mutually remote ends of two clamping plates. The middle parts of the special-shaped rods all pass through the workbench and are slidably connected thereto. A motor is fixedly installed on the front side of the bottom end of the workbench. The output end of the motor is provided with a bidirectional screw rod. The two ends of the bidirectional screw rod respectively pass through the two special-shaped rods and are threadedly connected thereto. A transmission rack is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench. A transmission block is fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the rear special-shaped rod. The right end of the transmission block passes through the transmission rack and is slidably connected thereto through a tension spring. A transmission gear is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the workbench. The left side of the transmission gear meshes with the transmission rack. The outer side of the adjustment disk is in the shape of a gear and meshes with the transmission gear. A transmission mechanism is arranged on the right side of the special-shaped rod. The transmission mechanism is used for driving the lifting rod and the feeding plate to move up and down while the special-shaped rod moves;

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a support column fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom end of the workbench. A support frame is slidably connected to the outer side of the support column. The bottom end of the lifting rod passes through the support frame and is connected to the bottom end of the support frame through a tension spring. The top of the right end of the support frame passes through the workbench and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feeding plate. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench, and a lifting gear is rotatably connected thereto. A stop rod and a support rod are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the workbench. A pull rope is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom end of the front special-shaped rod. The other end of the pull rope passes over the stop rod and is fixedly connected to the left end of the sliding rod. Lifting racks are arranged on the front and rear sides of the lifting gear and mesh with each other. The rear end of the rear lifting rack is fixedly connected to the support frame. The front end of the front lifting rack is slidably connected to the support rod. The bottom of the right end of the sliding rod is hinged to a hinge rod. The other end of the hinge rod is hinged to the top end of the front lifting rack;

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod fixedly installed at the top of the right end of the feeding plate. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed with an electric gripper. The two grippers of the electric gripper are both in a V shape. Two baffles are arranged at the top of the left end of the feeding plate. Moving rods are fixedly installed at the mutually remote ends of the two baffles. Guide rods are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the feeding plate. The mutually remote ends of the two guide rods respectively pass through the two moving rods and are slidably connected thereto through compression springs. Moving racks are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two moving rods. A moving gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the left end of the feeding plate. The two moving racks are respectively on the left and right sides of the moving gear and mesh with it.

[0013] A circular centering process for automotive precision metal parts includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: The clamping mechanism is activated to drive two clamping plates to move closer to each other. While moving, the clamping plates drive the guide plate and the feeding plate to move downward until the two clamping plates clamp the piston.

[0015] Step 2: When the two clamping plates clamp the piston, the feeding plate drives the small end of the connecting rod to align with the central position of the piston, and the feeding mechanism drives the connecting rod to move towards the piston.

[0016] Step 3: When the small end of the connecting rod moves to the upper side of the positioning block, the adjusting mechanism drives the four guide plates to move upward. At this time, the feeding mechanism no longer clamps the connecting rod. During the upward movement of the guide plates, the top ends of the guide plates are inserted into the holes of the small end of the connecting rod.

[0017] Step 4: When the four guide plates cannot move upward anymore, the press-fitting device drives the piston pin to move downward. The piston pin moves downward and squeezes the guide plates and the positioning block to move downward for yielding until the piston pin completely passes through the hole of the small end of the connecting rod and the hole in the middle of the piston.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. By setting an adjusting mechanism in the present invention, only need to sleeved the piston outside the four positioning blocks, the clamping mechanism drives two clamping plates to move closer to each other. When the clamping plates are in close contact with the piston, the front and rear positions of the piston are restricted; at the same time, the adjusting mechanism drives the positioning blocks on the left and right sides to move only to the left and right respectively, and the positioning blocks on the front and rear sides to move only to the front and rear respectively. When the positioning blocks move, they push the piston to move slightly left and right until the four positioning blocks can no longer move. At this time, the left and right positions of the piston are restricted. Since the whole formed by the four positioning blocks corresponds to the piston pin, the hole in the middle of the piston corresponds to the piston pin, realizing the centering operation of the piston and the piston pin.

[0020] 2. By setting a feeding mechanism in the present invention, the feeding mechanism is activated to drive the small end of the connecting rod to move into the piston, so that the left end of the connecting rod can always move above the positioning block, which is convenient for the top end of the subsequent guide plate to be inserted into the hole of the small end of the connecting rod for centering; the locking mechanism is activated to drive the guide plate to move upward. At this time, the top end of the guide plate is inserted into the hole of the small end of the connecting rod, and the inclined surface of the guide plate presses the inner wall of the hole of the small end of the connecting rod, causing the small end of the connecting rod to move slightly until the guide plates can no longer move upward. At this time, the position of the hole of the small end of the connecting rod is limited, making the hole of the small end of the connecting rod align with the piston pin, thus realizing the centering operation of the small end of the connecting rod and the piston pin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side-down view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the internal structure of the front view;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the feeding plate and the baffle in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upward view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the support rod and the lifting rack in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic stepped-sectional structural diagram of the internal structure of the side view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the transmission rack and the transmission gear in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 The enlarged structural diagram at position A;

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the adjusting disc and the push rod in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the positioning block and the guide plate in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the sleeve and the lifting rod in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 The enlarged structural diagram at position B;

[0035] Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the lifting rod and the lifting frame in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 The enlarged structural diagram at position C.

[0037] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0038] 1. Workbench; 2. Press-fitting device; 3. Clamping plate; 4. Feeding plate; 5. Positioning block; 6. Guide plate; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Sleeve; 9. Adjusting disc; 10. Arc-shaped groove; 11. Push rod; 12. L-shaped rod; 13. Lifting rod; 14. Lifting frame; 15. Mounting groove; 16. Push-pull plate; 17. Push-pull block; 18. L-shaped block; 19. Push-pull rod; 20. T-shaped rod; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Push-pull gear; 23. Push-pull rack; 24. Driving gear; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Driving rack; 27. Telescopic block; 28. Wedge-shaped block; 29. Limiting block; 30. Slide plate; 31. Special-shaped rod; 32. Motor; 33. Bidirectional screw; 34. Transmission rack; 35. Transmission block; 36. Transmission gear; 37. Support column; 38. Support frame; 39. Slide rod; 40. Lifting gear; 41. Stop rod; 42. Support rod; 43. Pulling rope; 44. Lifting rack; 45. Hinged rod; 46. Electric telescopic rod; 47. Electric gripper; 48. Baffle; 49. Moving rod; 50. Guide rod; 51. Moving rack; 52. Moving gear. Detailed implementation manner

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 - 16 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a circular centering device for automotive precision metal parts, including a workbench 1 and a press-fitting device 2. Two clamping plates 3 and a feeding plate 4 are arranged at the top of the workbench 1. A feeding mechanism is arranged at the top of the feeding plate 4, and the feeding mechanism is used to convey the small end of the connecting rod into the piston and keep it at the center position between the two clamping plates 3. Four positioning blocks 5 are arranged at the top of the workbench 1 through a limiting mechanism. The four positioning blocks 5 are spliced into a whole and correspond to the piston pin in the middle of the press-fitting device 2. The limiting mechanism is used to limit the positioning blocks 5 to always maintain a vertical state. Four guide plates 6 are arranged above the positioning blocks 5 through an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is used to drive the four guide plates 6 to move upward when the small end of the connecting rod moves into the piston until the tops of the guide plates 6 are inserted into the holes of the small end of the connecting rod. A clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate 3. The clamping mechanism is used to drive the two clamping plates 3 to move to limit the piston to the middle of the workbench 1, and to adjust the heights of the feeding plate 4 and the guide plates 6 according to the distance between the two clamping plates 3;

[0040] The adjusting mechanism includes a mounting plate 7 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the workbench 1. A sleeve 8 is slidably connected to the middle of the mounting plate 7. The bottom end of the sleeve 8 is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate 7 through a tension spring. The outer side of the top end of the sleeve 8 is rotatably connected to an adjusting disc 9. The clamping mechanism drives the adjusting disc 9 to rotate while driving the clamping plate 3 to move, and when the adjusting disc 9 can no longer rotate, the movement of the clamping plate 3 is not affected. Four arc-shaped grooves 10 are formed on the surface of the adjusting disc 9. Push rods 11 are slidably connected to the inner sides of the arc-shaped grooves 10. The upper sides of the push rods 11 pass through the positioning blocks 5 and are slidably connected thereto, and the top ends of the push rods 11 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide plate 6. Four L-shaped rods 12 are arranged at the top end of the mounting plate 7. The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods 12 pass through the mounting plate 7 and are slidably connected thereto. The horizontal ends of the four L-shaped rods 12 respectively pass through the four push rods 11 and are slidably connected thereto. A lifting rod 13 is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve 8. A lifting frame 14 is slidably connected to the outer side of the lifting rod 13. The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods 12 are fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting frame 14. The bottom end of the lifting frame 14 is connected to the lifting rod 13 through a compression spring. A locking mechanism is arranged in the middle of the lifting rod 13. The locking mechanism is used to restrict the lifting frame 14 from moving upward and unlock the lifting frame 14 when the small end of the connecting rod moves into the piston;

[0041] During operation, the connecting rod is fixed in the feeding mechanism, and then the piston is sleeved on the outer sides of the four positioning blocks 5. At this time, the four positioning blocks 5 are inserted into the holes in the middle of the piston, as Figure 3 shown; The clamping mechanism is activated to drive the two clamping plates 3 to approach each other until the two clamping plates 3 are respectively in close contact with the front and rear ends of the piston, thereby restricting the front and rear positions of the piston; While the two clamping plates 3 are moving, the clamping mechanism drives the lifting rod 13 and the feeding plate 4 to move downward synchronously. When the two clamping plates 3 can no longer approach each other, the small end of the connecting rod on the upper side of the feeding plate 4 corresponds to the central position of the piston, preparing for the subsequent insertion of the small end of the connecting rod into the piston;

[0042] When the two clamping plates 3 approach each other, the clamping mechanism drives the adjusting disc 9 to rotate. The rotation of the adjusting disc 9 drives the push rod 11 to move through the arc-shaped groove 10. The movement of the push rod 11 pushes the positioning block 5 to move. At this time, the positioning block 5 is limited by the limiting mechanism, so that the left and right positioning blocks 5 can only move to the left and right respectively, and the front and rear positioning blocks 5 can only move forward and backward respectively. While the positioning block 5 is moving, it pushes the piston to move slightly left and right until the four positioning blocks 5 are all in close contact with the inner wall of the hole in the middle of the piston and can no longer move. At this time, the left and right positions of the piston are limited. Since the whole formed by the four positioning blocks 5 corresponds to the piston pin, the hole in the middle of the piston corresponds to the piston pin, realizing the centering operation of the piston and the piston pin;

[0043] The feeding mechanism starts to drive the small head of the connecting rod to move into the piston until the small head of the connecting rod moves to the upper side of the positioning block 5. At this time, the locking mechanism unlocks the lifting frame 14. After the lifting frame 14 is unlocked, it moves upward under the push of the compression spring. The upward movement of the lifting frame 14 pushes the push rod 11 and the guide plate 6 upward through the L-shaped rod 12. At the same time, the feeding mechanism no longer clamps the connecting rod. The upward movement of the guide plate 6 causes the top end of the guide plate 6 to insert into the hole of the small head of the connecting rod. At this time, the inclined surface of the guide plate 6 squeezes the inner wall of the hole of the small head of the connecting rod. The small head of the connecting rod is slightly displaced under the extrusion until the guide plate 6 can no longer move upward. At this time, the guide rod 50 presses and fixes the small head of the connecting rod tightly inside the piston and limits the position of the hole of the small head of the connecting rod, so that the hole of the small head of the connecting rod is aligned with the piston pin, thus realizing the centering operation of the small head of the connecting rod and the piston pin, preventing deviation when the piston pin is inserted into the hole of the small head of the connecting rod and fixed, improving the quality of the product, and avoiding changes in the transmission length of the connecting rod; The centering operation steps are simple and convenient, providing convenience for the use of workers. This device can be used for centering pistons of different sizes, increasing the applicability of this device, and solving the problem that the existing circular centering device for automotive precision metal parts is difficult to center the piston, connecting rod, and piston pin.

[0044] When the centering of the piston, connecting rod, and piston pin is completed, the pressing device 2 drives the piston pin to move downward. During the downward movement of the piston pin, it squeezes the guide plate 6 and the positioning block 5 to move downward. The downward movement of the guide plate 6 and the positioning block 5 makes way for the piston pin to avoid hindering the fixing operation of the piston pin until the piston pin is completely inserted into the hole in the middle of the piston; The downward movement of the guide plate 6 drives the push rod 11 and the L-shaped rod 12 to move downward. The downward movement of the L-shaped rod 12 pushes the lifting frame 14 to move downward until the lifting frame 14 returns to its initial position. At this time, the locking mechanism re-limits the lifting frame 14, thus preparing for the next centering operation.

[0045] As a further solution of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes an installation groove 15 formed in the middle of the lifting rod 13. The inner wall at the right end of the installation groove 15 is slidably connected with a push-pull plate 16 through a compression spring. The top of the push-pull plate 16 is fixedly installed with a push-pull block 17 and is slidably connected with an L-shaped block 18. The top of the push-pull block 17 passes through the L-shaped block 18 and is connected to it through a compression spring. The top of the L-shaped block 18 is fixedly installed with a push-pull rod 19. The right end of the lifting rod 13 is slidably connected with a T-shaped rod 20 through a compression spring. The right end of the T-shaped rod 20 is wedge-shaped and the bottom is in close contact with the lifting frame 14. The middle of the installation groove 15 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 21. The outer side of the front end of the rotating shaft 21 is fixedly installed with a push-pull gear 22. The left end of the push-pull plate 16 is fixedly installed with a push-pull rack 23. The push-pull gear 22 is meshed with the push-pull rack 23. The outer side of the rear end of the rotating shaft 21 is fixedly installed with a driving gear 24. The left end of the lifting rod 13 is slidably connected with a connecting rod 25. The right end of the connecting rod 25 passes through the lifting rod 13 and is fixedly installed with a driving rack 26. The driving rack 26 is meshed with the driving gear 24. The size of the driving gear 24 is smaller than that of the push-pull gear 22. The middle of the lifting frame 14 is slidably connected with a telescopic block 27 through a compression spring. The right end of the telescopic block 27 is rotatably connected with a wedge-shaped block 28 through a torsion spring. The wedge-shaped block 28 cannot be turned downwards;

[0046] During operation, the lifting rod 13 and the feeding plate 4 move downward synchronously. The downward movement of the lifting rod 13 drives the push-pull rod 19 to move downward. When the two clamping plates 3 can no longer approach each other, the center position of the small head of the connecting rod on the upper side of the feeding plate 4 corresponds to the center position of the piston, and the top of the push-pull rod 19 always corresponds to the center position of the small head of the connecting rod; when the small head of the connecting rod moves towards the piston, the movement of the connecting rod pushes the push-pull rod 19 to move leftward. The leftward movement of the push-pull rod 19 drives the L-shaped block 18 to move leftward. During the leftward movement of the L-shaped block 18, the push-pull block 17 limits the L-shaped block 18. The movement of the L-shaped block 18 pulls the T-shaped rod 20 to move leftward until the right end of the T-shaped rod 20 no longer blocks the lifting frame 14, so as to realize unlocking the lifting frame 14 when the small head of the connecting rod moves to the top of the positioning block 5;

[0047] The lifting frame 14 moves upward, driving the telescopic block 27 and the wedge block 28 to move upward. The upward movement of the wedge block 28 causes the inclined surface of the wedge block 28 to push the connecting rod 25 upward. The upward movement of the connecting rod 25 drives the driving rack 26 upward. The upward movement of the driving rack 26 drives the driving gear 24 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 24 drives the push-pull gear 22 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21. The rotation of the push-pull gear 22 drives the push-pull plate 16 to move downward through the push-pull rack 23. The downward movement of the push-pull plate 16 causes the T-shaped rod 20 to no longer be subjected to the leftward pulling force, and the T-shaped rod 20 returns to its initial state under the pulling of the tension spring. Since the size of the driving gear 24 is smaller than that of the push-pull gear 22, the connecting rod 25 only needs to move upward a small distance to drive the push-pull plate 16 to move downward a larger distance. The downward movement of the push-pull plate 16 pulls the push rod 19 downward through the L-shaped block 18 until the connecting rod 25 can no longer move upward. At this time, the push rod 19 is retracted into the inner side of the lifting rod 13. The inclined surface of the wedge block 28 is squeezed by the left end of the connecting rod 25, driving the telescopic block 27 to move leftward for yielding until the wedge block 28 passes over the connecting rod 25. At this time, the push-pull plate 16 moves upward under the push of the compression spring. The upward movement of the push-pull plate 16 pushes the top of the push rod 19 to extend from the top of the lifting rod 13 and insert into the hole of the small end of the connecting rod. Similarly, the upward movement of the push-pull plate 16 drives the connecting rod 25 to move downward and return to its initial state;

[0048] When the piston pin moves downward, the piston pin moves downward and squeezes the push rod 19 to move downward. The push rod 19 moves downward and is retracted into the lifting rod 13. The piston pin continues to move downward and squeezes the guide plate 6 to move downward. The downward movement of the guide plate 6 drives the L-shaped rod 12 and the lifting frame 14 to move downward through the push rod 11 until the lifting frame 14 passes over the left end of the T-shaped rod 20 and returns to its initial state. At this time, the lifting frame 14 is fixed to the outside of the lifting rod 13 again; when the guide plate 6 can no longer move downward relative to the lifting rod 13, the piston pin moves downward and pushes the lifting rod 13 and the positioning block 5 to move downward. The downward movement of the lifting rod 13 and the positioning block 5 yields to the piston pin to prevent them from hindering the fixing operation of the piston pin; when the piston pin is fixed and the piston is removed from the top of the workbench 1, the sleeve 8 is pushed by the tension spring to push the positioning block 5 upward through the adjusting disc 9 until the positioning block 5 returns to its initial state, so as to prepare for the centering operation of the next group.

[0049] As a further solution of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes limiting blocks 29 fixedly installed on the sides of the positioning blocks 5 away from the lifting rod 13. Slide plates 30 are slidably connected to the outsides of the limiting blocks 29. The ends of the slide plates 30 away from the positioning blocks 5 pass through the workbench 1 and are slidably connected thereto. The tops of the slide plates 30 are on the same horizontal plane as the top of the workbench 1;

[0050] During operation, the push rod 11 moves to push the positioning block 5 to move, and the positioning block 5 moves to push the sliding plate 30 to move. At this time, the positioning block 5 is limited by the sliding plate 30, so that the positioning blocks 5 on the left and right sides can only move left and right respectively, and the positioning blocks 5 on the front and back sides can only move forward and backward respectively. At the same time, the deflection of the positioning block 5 during movement is avoided, which provides convenience for the use of the positioning block 5.

[0051] As a further solution of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes special-shaped rods 31 fixedly installed at the mutually remote ends of two clamping plates 3. The middle parts of the special-shaped rods 31 pass through the workbench 1 and are slidably connected thereto. A motor 32 is fixedly installed on the front side of the bottom end of the workbench 1. The output end of the motor 32 is provided with a bidirectional screw rod 33. The two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 33 respectively pass through the two special-shaped rods 31 and are threadedly connected thereto. A transmission rack 34 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench 1. A transmission block 35 is fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the rear special-shaped rod 31. The right end of the transmission block 35 passes through the transmission rack 34 and is slidably connected thereto through a tension spring. A transmission gear 36 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the workbench 1. The left side of the transmission gear 36 meshes with the transmission rack 34. The outer side of the adjustment disc 9 is gear-shaped and meshes with the transmission gear 36. A transmission mechanism is arranged on the right side of the special-shaped rod 31. The transmission mechanism is used for driving the lifting rod 13 and the feeding plate 4 to move up and down while the special-shaped rod 31 moves;

[0052] During operation, the motor 32 is started to drive the bidirectional screw rod 33 to rotate. The bidirectional screw rod 33 rotates to drive the two special-shaped rods 31 to approach each other through the threaded action. The two special-shaped rods 31 approach each other to drive the two clamping plates 3 to approach each other until the two clamping plates 3 can no longer move. At this time, the motor 32 stops operating; the rear special-shaped rod 31 moves forward to drive the transmission block 35 to move forward. The transmission block 35 moves forward to pull the transmission rack 34 to move forward through the tension spring. The transmission rack 34 moves forward to drive the adjustment disc 9 to rotate through the transmission gear 36, thereby providing power for the rotation of the adjustment disc 9 and the movement of the positioning block 5; when the positioning block 5 can no longer move, both the transmission gear 36 and the transmission rack 34 remain stationary. At this time, the rear special-shaped rod 31 continues to drive the transmission block 35 to move forward. The transmission block 35 continues to move forward to pull the tension spring connected thereto to stretch until the special-shaped rod 31 and the clamping plate 3 can no longer move.

[0053] As a further solution of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a support column 37 fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom end of the workbench 1. A support frame 38 is slidably connected to the outside of the support column 37. The bottom end of the lifting rod 13 passes through the support frame 38 and is connected to the bottom end of the support frame 38 through a tension spring. The top of the right end of the support frame 38 passes through the workbench 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feeding plate 4. A slide bar 39 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench 1, and a lifting gear 40 is rotatably connected. The bottom end of the workbench 1 is fixedly installed with a stop bar 41 and a support rod 42. A pull rope 43 is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom end of the front special-shaped rod 31. The other end of the pull rope 43 passes over the stop bar 41 and is fixedly connected to the left end of the slide bar 39. Lifting racks 44 are arranged on both the front and rear sides of the lifting gear 40 and are engaged with each other. The rear end of the rear lifting rack 44 is fixedly connected to the support frame 38. The front end of the front lifting rack 44 is slidably connected to the support rod 42. The bottom of the right end of the slide bar 39 is hinged to a hinge rod 45, and the other end of the hinge rod 45 is hinged to the top end of the front lifting rack 44;

[0054] During operation, the front special-shaped rod 31 moves forward slowly to relax the pull rope 43. At this time, the support frame 38 moves downward under the action of gravity. The downward movement of the support frame 38 drives the front lifting rack 44 to move upward through the rear lifting rack 44 and the lifting gear 40. The upward movement of the front lifting rack 44 drives the slide bar 39 to move to the right through the hinge rod 45. The rightward movement of the slide bar 39 pulls one end of the pull rope 43 to move to the right, so that the pull rope 43 always remains taut; by setting the transmission mechanism, the distance from the clamp 3 to the center of the lifting rod 13 is always equal to the distance from the center of the connecting rod to the workbench 1. When the two clamps 3 clamp the piston, the distance from the clamp 3 to the center position of the lifting rod 13 is equal to the radius of the piston, so that the distance from the center of the connecting rod to the workbench 1 is equal to the radius of the piston, realizing that the center of the connecting rod and the horizontal section at the center of the piston are on the same horizontal plane, thus preparing for the subsequent insertion of the small end of the connecting rod into the piston.

[0055] As a further solution of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod 46 fixedly installed at the top of the right end of the feeding plate 4. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 46 is fixedly installed with an electric claw 47. The two claws of the electric claw 47 are both V-shaped. Two baffle plates 48 are arranged at the top of the left end of the feeding plate 4. Moving rods 49 are fixedly installed at the ends of the two baffle plates 48 away from each other. Guide rods 50 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the feeding plate 4. The ends of the two guide rods 50 away from each other respectively pass through the two moving rods 49 and are slidably connected thereto through compression springs. Moving racks 51 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two moving rods 49. A moving gear 52 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the left end of the feeding plate 4. The two moving racks 51 are respectively on the left and right sides of the moving gear 52 and are engaged therewith;

[0056] During operation, the connecting rod is horizontally held between the two jaws of the electric gripper 47. The left-end small head of the connecting rod is in contact with the two baffles 48. The electric gripper 47 is activated to clamp the right end of the connecting rod. Since the jaws are V-shaped, when the two jaws clamp the connecting rod, the connecting rod is guided to the center position between the two jaws until the connecting rod is fixed between the two jaws. The electric telescopic rod 46 is activated to push the electric gripper 47 and the connecting rod to move leftward. The connecting rod moves leftward to squeeze the baffle 48. After being squeezed, the two baffles 48 drive the two moving racks 51 to move away from each other. Since the two moving racks 51 are simultaneously engaged with the moving gear 52, the displacement of the two moving racks 51 always remains the same. At the same time, the moving rod 49 pushes the baffle 48 towards the connecting rod under the action of the compression spring, so that the left end of the connecting rod remains centered when passing through between the two baffles 48, thus preparing for centering during subsequent insertion into the piston.

[0057] The electric telescopic rod 46 drives the electric gripper 47 to always maintain a constant moving amount. When encountering connecting rods of different sizes, the length clamped by the two jaws changes, so that the left end of the connecting rod can always move above the positioning block 5, facilitating the top end of the subsequent guide plate 6 to be inserted into the hole of the small head of the connecting rod for centering.

[0058] A circular centering process for automotive precision metal parts includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: The clamping mechanism is activated to drive the two clamping plates 3 to move closer to each other. While the clamping plates 3 are moving, they drive the guide plate 6 and the feeding plate 4 to move downward until the two clamping plates 3 clamp the piston.

[0060] Step 2: When the two clamping plates 3 clamp the piston, the feeding plate 4 drives the small head of the connecting rod to align with the center position of the piston, and the feeding mechanism drives the connecting rod to move towards the piston.

[0061] Step 3: When the small head of the connecting rod moves to the upper side of the positioning block 5, the adjusting mechanism drives the four guide plates 6 to move upward. At this time, the feeding mechanism no longer clamps the connecting rod. During the upward movement of the guide plates 6, their top ends are inserted into the holes of the small head of the connecting rod.

[0062] Step 4: When the four guide plates 6 cannot move upward, the press-fitting device 2 drives the piston pin to move downward. The piston pin moves downward to squeeze the guide plates 6 and the positioning block 5 to move downward for yielding until the piston pin completely passes through the hole of the small head of the connecting rod and the hole in the middle of the piston.

Claims

1. A circular centering device for precision metal parts of an automobile, comprising a workbench (1) and a pressing device (2), characterized in that: At the top of the workbench (1), there are two clamping plates (3) and a feeding plate (4). At the top of the feeding plate (4), there is a feeding mechanism, which is used to convey the small end of the connecting rod into the piston and keep it at the central position between the two clamping plates (3). At the top of the workbench (1), there are four positioning blocks (5) arranged through a limiting mechanism. The four positioning blocks (5) are spliced into a whole and correspond to the piston pin in the middle of the pressing equipment (2). The limiting mechanism is used to limit the positioning blocks (5) to always remain in a vertical state. At the upper side of the positioning blocks (5), there are four guiding plates (6) arranged through an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism is used to drive the four guiding plates (6) to move upward when the small end of the connecting rod moves into the piston until the tops of the guiding plates (6) are inserted into the holes of the small end of the connecting rod. At the bottom end of the clamping plate (3), there is a clamping mechanism, which is used to drive the two clamping plates (3) to move to limit the piston to the middle of the workbench (1), and adjust the heights of the feeding plate (4) and the guiding plates (6) according to the distance between the two clamping plates (3); The adjusting mechanism includes a mounting plate (7) fixedly installed at the bottom end of the workbench (1). A sleeve (8) is slidably connected to the middle of the mounting plate (7). The bottom end of the sleeve (8) is connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate (7) through a tension spring. The outer side of the top end of the sleeve (8) is rotatably connected to an adjusting disc (9). The clamping mechanism drives the clamping plate (3) to move while driving the adjusting disc (9) to rotate, and when the adjusting disc (9) can no longer rotate, the movement of the clamping plate (3) is not affected. Four arc-shaped grooves (10) are formed on the surface of the adjusting disc (9). Push rods (11) are slidably connected to the inner sides of the arc-shaped grooves (10). The upper sides of the push rods (11) pass through the positioning blocks (5) and are slidably connected thereto, and the top ends of the push rods (11) are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the guiding plates (6). Four L-shaped rods (12) are arranged at the top end of the mounting plate (7). The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods (12) pass through the mounting plate (7) and are slidably connected thereto. The horizontal ends of the four L-shaped rods (12) respectively pass through the four push rods (11) and are slidably connected thereto. A lifting rod (13) is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve (8). A lifting frame (14) is slidably connected to the outer side of the lifting rod (13). The bottom ends of the L-shaped rods (12) are fixedly connected to the top ends of the lifting frame (14). The bottom end of the lifting frame (14) is connected to the lifting rod (13) through a compression spring. A locking mechanism is arranged in the middle of the lifting rod (13). The locking mechanism is used to limit the lifting frame (14) from moving upward and unlock the lifting frame (14) when the small end of the connecting rod moves into the piston; The limiting mechanism includes limiting blocks (29) fixedly installed on one side of the positioning block (5) away from the lifting rod (13). Slide plates (30) are slidably connected to the outer sides of the limiting blocks (29). One ends of the slide plates (30) away from the positioning block (5) pass through the workbench (1) and are slidably connected thereto. The tops of the slide plates (30) are on the same horizontal plane as the top of the workbench (1).

2. The circular centering device for precision metal parts of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes an installation groove (15) formed in the middle of the lifting rod (13). A push-pull plate (16) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the right end of the installation groove (15) through a compression spring. A push-pull block (17) is fixedly installed at the top of the push-pull plate (16) and is slidably connected to an L-shaped block (18). The top of the push-pull block (17) passes through the L-shaped block (18) and is connected thereto through a compression spring. A push-pull rod (19) is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped block (18). A T-shaped rod (20) is slidably connected to the right end of the lifting rod (13) through a compression spring. The right end of the T-shaped rod (20) is wedge-shaped and its bottom is in close contact with the lifting frame (14). A rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the middle of the installation groove (15). A push-pull gear (22) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the front end of the rotating shaft (21). A push-pull rack (23) is fixedly installed at the left end of the push-pull plate (16). The push-pull gear (22) meshes with the push-pull rack (23). A driving gear (24) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rear end of the rotating shaft (21). A connecting rod (25) is slidably connected to the left end of the lifting rod (13). The right end of the connecting rod (25) passes through the lifting rod (13) and a driving rack (26) is fixedly installed thereon. The driving rack (26) meshes with the driving gear (24). The size of the driving gear (24) is smaller than that of the push-pull gear (22). A telescopic block (27) is slidably connected to the middle of the lifting frame (14) through a compression spring. A wedge-shaped block (28) is rotatably connected to the right end of the telescopic block (27) through a torsion spring. The wedge-shaped block (28) cannot be flipped downward.

3. The circular centering device for precision metal parts of an automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes special-shaped rods (31) fixedly installed at the mutually remote ends of two clamping plates (3). The middle parts of the special-shaped rods (31) all pass through the workbench (1) and are slidably connected thereto. A motor (32) is fixedly installed on the front side of the bottom end of the workbench (1). The output end of the motor (32) is provided with a bidirectional screw rod (33). The two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (33) respectively pass through the two special-shaped rods (31) and are threadedly connected thereto. A transmission rack (34) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench (1). A transmission block (35) is fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the rear special-shaped rod (31). The right end of the transmission block (35) passes through the transmission rack (34) and is slidably connected thereto through a tension spring. A transmission gear (36) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the workbench (1). The left side of the transmission gear (36) meshes with the transmission rack (34). The outer side of the adjustment disk (9) is gear-shaped and meshes with the transmission gear (36). A transmission mechanism is arranged on the right side of the special-shaped rod (31). The transmission mechanism is used for driving the lifting rod (13) and the feeding plate (4) to move up and down while the special-shaped rod (31) moves.

4. The circular centering device for precision metal parts of an automobile according to claim 3, wherein: The transmission mechanism includes a support column (37) fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom end of the workbench (1). A support frame (38) is slidably connected to the outer side of the support column (37). The bottom end of the lifting rod (13) passes through the support frame (38) and is connected to the bottom end of the support frame (38) through a tension spring. The top of the right end of the support frame (38) passes through the workbench (1) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feeding plate (4). A slide rod (39) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench (1), and a lifting gear (40) is rotatably connected thereto. A stop rod (41) and a support rod (42) are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the workbench (1). A pull rope (43) is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom end of the front special-shaped rod (31). The other end of the pull rope (43) bypasses the stop rod (41) and is fixedly connected to the left end of the slide rod (39). Lifting racks (44) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the lifting gear (40) and mesh with each other. The rear end of the rear lifting rack (44) is fixedly connected to the support frame (38). The front end of the front lifting rack (44) is slidably connected to the support rod (42). The bottom right end of the slide rod (39) is hinged to a hinge rod (45). The other end of the hinge rod (45) is hinged to the top end of the front lifting rack (44).

5. A circular centering device for precision metal parts of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod (46) fixedly installed at the top of the right end of a feeding plate (4). The output end of the electric telescopic rod (46) is fixedly installed with an electric gripper (47). Both jaws of the electric gripper (47) are V-shaped. Two baffles (48) are arranged at the top of the left end of the feeding plate (4). Moving rods (49) are fixedly installed at the ends of the two baffles (48) away from each other. Guide rods (50) are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the feeding plate (4). The ends of the two guide rods (50) away from each other respectively pass through the two moving rods (49) and are slidably connected thereto through compression springs. Moving racks (51) are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two moving rods (49). A moving gear (52) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the left end of the feeding plate (4). The two moving racks (51) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the moving gear (52) and are meshed therewith.

6. A circular centering process for automotive precision metal parts, applicable to the circular centering device for automotive precision metal parts described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The specific steps of this process are as follows: Step 1: The clamping mechanism is activated to drive the two clamping plates (3) to move closer to each other. While moving, the clamping plates (3) drive the guide plate (6) and the feeding plate (4) to move downward until the two clamping plates (3) clamp the piston. Step 2: When the two clamping plates (3) clamp the piston, the feeding plate (4) drives the small head of the connecting rod to align with the central position of the piston, and the feeding mechanism drives the connecting rod to move towards the piston. Step 3: When the small head of the connecting rod moves to the upper side of the positioning block (5), the adjusting mechanism drives the four guide plates (6) to move upward. At this time, the feeding mechanism no longer clamps the connecting rod. During the upward movement of the guide plates (6), the top ends thereof are inserted into the holes of the small head of the connecting rod. Step 4: When the four guide plates (6) cannot move upward, the press-fitting device (2) drives the piston pin to move downward. The downward movement of the piston pin squeezes the guide plates (6) and the positioning block (5) to move downward for yielding until the piston pin completely passes through the hole of the small head of the connecting rod and the hole in the middle of the piston.

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