A method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel and a fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel impurity separation. It relates to a method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel and a fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system. The fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system includes a solid-liquid separator connected between the oil tank outlet and the pump inlet. The solid-liquid separator includes a shell, one end of the shell is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end is provided with a liquid outlet; the liquid inlet is connected to the oil tank outlet, and the liquid outlet is connected to the pump inlet; the shell is provided with a liquid collection area, a fluidizing area, and a fixed adsorption bed in sequence along the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet; a fluidized bed material partition is provided between the fluidizing area and the liquid collection area, and a fluidized bed material is provided in the fluidizing area. When the fluid passes through, the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the fluid; the present invention introduces fluidization technology on the basis of fixed adsorption filtration, and separates the adsorption process of the fixed adsorption bed in space, which can not only ensure the stability of the oil supply pressure at the system outlet, but also improve the utilization rate of the fixed filtration adsorption bed material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel impurity separation, and relates to a method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel and a fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtering system. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft, especially non-civilian aerospace vehicles, have a strong need for adaptability and maneuverability to changes in the external environment. Their maneuverability performance is largely determined by the transient characteristics of the engine fuel transport system. The fuel supply system is mainly composed of fuel atomizers, pumps, filters, pipelines and other components. The characteristics of the filter often determine the response performance of the fuel supply system.

[0003] A single fixed bed filter cannot maintain a constant fluid flow pressure in the pipeline during operation. Particulate impurities will accumulate on the surface of the fixed bed filter as the engine runs, increasing the flow resistance of the pipeline, increasing the risk of cavitation at the pump inlet and the energy consumption of the pump. The flow capacity of the filter screen gradually decreases due to the blockage of the internal channel, which hinders the diffusion of fine particles to the inner surface of the adsorption bed. The bed layer is quickly penetrated, the effective utilization rate of the filter screen is low, and its maintenance cycle is shortened.

[0004] Generally, it is required that the particle size of the fuel oil should be ≯38μm. The filter with a filter flow passage of 38μm can not only filter out all solid particles with a particle size of >38μm, but also effectively capture most particles <38μm. Therefore, although the blockage of the filter flow hole blocks the coarse particles from entering the pump body, it will increase the concentration of fine particles in the outlet fuel oil. The inability to effectively remove fine particles not only reduces the quality of the fuel at the pump inlet, but also aggravates the wear of high-speed supercharging equipment such as gear pumps. The precision gear pair in the pump body is more easily damaged during use, the meshing clearance of the paired gears increases, the tooth surface life and meshing accuracy are reduced, and the efficiency of the pump decreases. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the pipeline flow resistance of the oil supply subsystem and the liquid propellant supply system of the power system in the aerospace field changes due to load changes, and the resistance of the filtering equipment becomes larger after long-term use. A method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel and a fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system are provided. By controlling large-scale particles in the fluidized bed to reduce the number of particles on the surface of the main channel of the fixed bed, the function of the fixed bed is utilized to the maximum extent, and the concentration of the outlet fuel particles is reduced. The fluidization technology is used to ensure that the pipeline flow resistance characteristics will not change significantly due to load fluctuations while protecting the function of the fixed adsorption bed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system, comprising a solid-liquid separator connected between an oil tank outlet and a pump inlet, the solid-liquid separator comprising a shell, one end of the shell being provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end being provided with a liquid outlet; the liquid inlet being communicated with the oil tank outlet, and the liquid outlet being communicated with the pump inlet; a liquid collecting area, a fluidizing area, and a fixed adsorption bed are sequentially arranged in the shell along the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet end; a fluidized bed material partition is arranged between the fluidizing area and the liquid collecting area, a fluidized bed material is arranged in the fluidizing area, the fluidized bed material is used to adsorb metal impurities, particulate matter, and free matter in the fluid, and the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the fluid when the fluid passes through;

[0008] The impure liquid in the oil tank enters the liquid collecting area under the suction action of the pump. After the fluid is fully developed in the liquid collecting area, it enters the fluidizing area through the fluidized bed partition. The fluid interacts with the fluidized bed material in the fluidizing area. The metal debris and impurities with larger particle size in the fluid are captured by the adsorption of the fluidized bed material to obtain a fluid with higher cleanliness. Under the action of pressure difference, the fluid enters the fixed adsorption bed, and the particulate matter in the fluid is captured and separated again by the adsorption action of the fixed adsorption bed.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid collecting area is a straight pipe section with a length-to-diameter ratio of ≮5, which is used to ensure that the flow state of the liquid is fully developed before entering the fluidized bed material partition and the lateral flow field is relatively uniform.

[0010] Furthermore, the fluidized bed material is spherical and is divided into three layers from the inside to the outside, namely, a weight adjustment layer, a permanent magnet layer, and a carbon adsorption layer; the weight adjustment layer is used to control the weight of the fluidized bed material so that the fluidized bed material is suspended in the fluid; the permanent magnet layer is wrapped on the weight adjustment layer so that there is a certain repulsion between the fluidized bed materials to avoid agglomeration of the fluidized bed materials; the carbon adsorption layer is wrapped on the permanent magnet layer, and carbon adsorption is used to separate free matter and particulate matter, while the suspension of the fluidized bed material can reduce the pressure drop of the fluid. The repulsion between the fluidized bed materials gives it a certain self-dispersion ability, thereby avoiding agglomeration of the bed materials during use, and the bed materials can achieve the fluidization function even under the condition of a lower flow rate of the fluid.

[0011] Furthermore, an adsorption filter is provided in the fixed adsorption bed. The adsorption filter is a porous medium with a pore size distribution of 35-40 μm. Impurities smaller than 38 μm are deeply filtered through the adsorption filter under the action of internal diffusion.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid in the fuel tank is gasoline or rocket propellant or aviation kerosene.

[0013] A method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel adopts the above-mentioned fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system to capture and separate impurities. During installation, the height of the liquid inlet of the solid-liquid separator is lower than the height of the liquid outlet, and the weight and repulsive force of the fluidized bed material are selected according to the flow rate, density and viscosity of the liquid fuel, so that the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the liquid fuel.

[0014] Furthermore, when the fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system is used in an aircraft, the axial direction of the solid-liquid separator is consistent with the maximum overload direction of the aircraft, and the liquid inlet direction is the main movement direction of the aircraft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention spatially separates the mass transfer process of solid particles in the fluid in the traditional fixed filter bed by increasing the fluidization zone, thereby avoiding the blockage of the fixed filter bed by large-size particles, improving the utilization rate of the bed material, and making full use of the adsorption capacity of the fixed adsorption bed, thereby changing the shortcomings of the original bed material during use, such as large resistance and increasing required cavitation surplus of the pump.

[0017] (2) The fluidized bed material of the present invention adopts a three-layer spherical fluidized bed material, which can make full use of the space, increase the adsorption area and capacity, and can effectively adsorb metal impurities, particulate matter, and free matter in the fluid, thereby improving the filtration efficiency and quality; there is a certain repulsive force between the particles of the spherical bed material, and the bed material can both capture particulate matter and avoid mutual collision during the working process, thereby preventing the material on the surface of the bed material from falling off; because the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the fluid, it can automatically adjust the pressure drop, maintain a stable filtration performance, avoid problems such as blockage and saturation, and reduce the fluid pressure drop.

[0018] (3) The present invention introduces fluidized filtration technology on the basis of fixed adsorption filtration, and deeply separates the external diffusion process of particulate matter in the fixed adsorption bed. Particles larger than 38μm in the pipeline system or oil tank are filtered through the fluidized bed, and particles smaller than 38μm are fully captured after entering the inner surface through internal diffusion in the fixed bed material; the external diffusion process of particulate matter on the surface of the fixed adsorption bed and the separation in space greatly improve the filtration capacity of the fixed adsorption bed and the utilization rate of the bed material. At the same time, fluidization technology ensures that the pressure parameters of the pipeline system remain constant within a wide flow range, reduces the sensitivity of the system outlet fluid pressure change caused by load fluctuations, avoids the impact of system outlet flow fluctuations on the load, and reduces the energy consumption of the pipeline system under high load conditions.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solid-liquid separator in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fluidized bed material structure in the present invention.

[0024] Figure numerals: 1-oil tank; 2-solid-liquid separator; 3-gear pump; 21-liquid collecting area; 22-fluidized bed material partition; 23-fluidizing area; 24-liquid outlet; 25-fixed adsorption bed; 26-fluidized bed material; 27-shell; 261-weight adjustment layer; 262-permanent magnet layer; 263-carbon adsorption layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0026] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0027] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3 , is a fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system, comprising a solid-liquid separator 2 connected between an outlet of an oil tank 1 and an inlet of a gear pump 3, the solid-liquid separator 2 comprising a shell 27, one end of the shell 27 being provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end being provided with a liquid outlet 24; the liquid inlet being communicated with the outlet of the oil tank 1, and the liquid outlet 24 being communicated with the inlet of the gear pump 3; a liquid collecting area 21, a fluidizing area 23, and a fixed adsorption bed 25 are sequentially arranged in the shell 27 along the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet 24; a fluidized bed material partition 22 is arranged between the fluidizing area 23 and the liquid collecting area 21, a fluidized bed material 26 is arranged in the fluidizing area 23, and the fluidized bed material 26 is used to adsorb metal impurities in the fluid As well as particulate matter and free matter, the fluidized bed material 26 is in a suspended motion state under the action of the fluid when the fluid passes through; the impurity-containing liquid in the oil tank 1 enters the liquid collecting area 21 under the suction action of the pump, and the fluid enters the fluidizing area 23 through the fluidized bed material partition 22 after being fully developed in the liquid collecting area 21, and the fluid interacts with the fluidized bed material 26 in the fluidizing area 23, and the metal debris and impurities with larger particle size in the fluid are captured by the adsorption action of the fluidized bed material 26 to obtain a fluid with higher cleanliness, and under the action of the pressure difference, the fluid enters the fixed adsorption bed 25, and the particulate matter in the fluid is captured and separated again by the adsorption action of the fixed adsorption bed 25.

[0029] The liquid collecting area 21 is a straight pipe section with an aspect ratio of ≮5, which is used to ensure that the flow state of the liquid is fully developed before entering the fluidized bed material partition 22, and the lateral flow field is relatively uniform.

[0030] The fluidized bed material 26 is spherical and is divided into three layers from inside to outside, namely, a weight adjustment layer 261, a permanent magnet layer 262, and a carbon adsorption layer 263; the weight adjustment layer 261 is used to control the weight of the fluidized bed material 26, so that the fluidized bed material 26 is suspended in the fluid; the permanent magnet layer 262 is wrapped on the weight adjustment layer 261, so that there is a certain repulsion between the fluidized bed materials 26 to prevent the fluidized bed materials 26 from agglomerating; the carbon adsorption layer 263 is wrapped on the permanent magnet layer 262, and carbon adsorption is used to separate free matter and particulate matter, and at the same time, the suspension of the fluidized bed material 26 can reduce the fluid pressure drop. The repulsion between the fluidized bed materials 26 makes it have a certain self-dispersion ability, thereby preventing the bed materials from agglomerating during use, and the bed materials can achieve the fluidization function even under the condition of a lower flow rate.

[0031] The fixed adsorption bed 25 is provided with an adsorption filter screen, which is a porous medium with a pore size distribution of 35-40 μm. Impurities smaller than 38 μm are deeply filtered through the filter screen under the effect of internal diffusion.

[0032] The liquid in the oil tank 1 of this embodiment is gasoline or rocket propellant or aviation kerosene.

[0033] A method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel, using the fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system in this embodiment to capture and separate impurities. During installation, the height of the liquid inlet of the solid-liquid separator 2 is lower than the height of the liquid outlet 24, and the weight and repulsive force of the fluidized bed material 26 are selected according to the flow rate, density and viscosity of the liquid fuel, so that the fluidized bed material 26 is in a suspended motion state under the action of the liquid fuel. After the impurity-containing liquid is fully developed in the liquid collecting area 21, it enters the fluidizing area 23 through the fluidized bed material partition 22 and interacts with the fluidized bed material 26. Impurities with a characteristic size of more than 38 μm are separated from the liquid under the adsorption of the bed material to complete the first-level filtration. At the same time, the resistance of the fluid in the spherical fluidized bed material 26 is stabilized within a certain range; the fluid with a higher degree of cleanliness is further subjected to deep filtration through the fixed adsorption bed 25 to obtain a fluid with quality that meets the requirements.

[0034] In addition, when the fluidized pressure-stabilized filtration system is used in an aircraft, the axial direction of the solid-liquid separator 2 is consistent with the maximum overload direction of the aircraft, and the liquid inlet direction is the main movement direction of the aircraft.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system, comprising a solid-liquid separator connected between an oil tank outlet and a pump inlet, the solid-liquid separator comprising a shell, one end of the shell is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end is provided with a liquid outlet; the liquid inlet is connected to the oil tank outlet, and the liquid outlet is connected to the pump inlet; characterized in that: A liquid collecting area, a fluidizing area, and a fixed adsorption bed are sequentially arranged in the shell along the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet; a fluidized bed material partition is arranged between the fluidizing area and the liquid collecting area, and a fluidized bed material is arranged in the fluidizing area, and the fluidized bed material is used to adsorb metal impurities, particulate matter, and free matter in the fluid, and the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the fluid when the fluid passes through; the fluidized bed material is spherical, and is divided into three layers from the inside to the outside, which are a weight adjustment layer, a permanent magnet layer, and a carbon adsorption layer; the weight adjustment layer is used to control the weight of the fluidized bed material so that the fluidized bed material is in a suspended state in the fluid; the permanent magnet layer is wrapped on the weight adjustment layer so that there is a certain repulsive force between the fluidized bed materials to avoid agglomeration of the fluidized bed materials; the carbon adsorption layer is wrapped on the permanent magnet layer, and carbon adsorption is used to separate free matter and particulate matter; The impure liquid in the oil tank enters the liquid collecting area under the suction action of the pump. After the fluid is fully developed in the liquid collecting area, it enters the fluidizing area through the fluidized bed partition. The fluid interacts with the fluidized bed material in the fluidizing area. The metal debris and impurities with larger particle size in the fluid are captured by the adsorption of the fluidized bed material to obtain a fluid with higher cleanliness. Under the action of pressure difference, the fluid enters the fixed adsorption bed, and the particulate matter in the fluid is captured and separated again by the adsorption action of the fixed adsorption bed.

2. The fluidized pressure-stabilized filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid collecting area is a straight pipe section with a length-to-diameter ratio of ≮5.

3. The fluidized pressure-stabilized filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adsorption filter screen is arranged in the fixed adsorption bed. The adsorption filter screen is a porous medium with a pore size distribution of 35-40 μm. Impurities with a size less than 38 μm can be deeply filtered through the adsorption filter screen under the action of internal diffusion.

4. The fluidized pressure-stabilized filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid in the fuel tank is gasoline or rocket propellant or aviation kerosene.

5. A method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel, characterized in that: The fluidized pressure-stabilized filtration system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used to capture and separate impurities. During installation, the height of the liquid inlet of the solid-liquid separator is lower than the height of the liquid outlet, and the weight and repulsive force of the fluidized bed material are selected according to the flow rate, density and viscosity of the liquid fuel, so that the fluidized bed material is in a suspended motion state under the action of the liquid fuel.

6. The method for separating and capturing impurities in liquid fuel according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the fluidized pressure-stabilizing filtration system is used in an aircraft, the axial direction of the solid-liquid separator is consistent with the maximum overload direction of the aircraft, and the liquid inlet direction is the main movement direction of the aircraft.

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