A kind of rooting agent of yellow crystal fruit and method for cutting seedling cultivation

Abstract

The invention discloses a rooting agent for yellow crystal fruit and a method for cutting and seedling raising, wherein the rooting agent for yellow crystal fruit comprises preparation A and preparation B. Preparation A comprises 0.3-0.5 mg / ml indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 0.1-0.2 mg / ml naphthaleneacetic acid aqueous solution; preparation B comprises 2-10 g of yellow crystal fruit tree new shoot stem tip extract per 100 ml aqueous solution; the volume ratio of preparation A to preparation B is A:B=(2-4):(6-8). The invention uses the yellow crystal fruit stem tip extract as the main component of the rooting agent and the foliar nutrient agent in the seedling stage for the first time, promotes the growth of new shoots from cutting branches on the basis of improving the survival rate of cuttings, enhances the vitality and resistance of cutting seedlings, shortens the cutting seedling raising time, and saves costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a rooting agent for yellow crystal fruit and a method for cutting seedling cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Pouteria caimito Radlk. is an evergreen tropical tree belonging to the family Sapotaceae. It is native to the upper reaches of the Amazon River and prefers a warm and humid climate. The ripe Pouteria caimito Radlk. has a smooth and golden skin, a translucent jelly-like flesh, a sweet taste, high nutritional value, and great development potential.

[0003] At present, the domestic Huangjing fruit is mainly sown by seeds, and then grafted for improved varieties. As an emerging foreign fruit tree, Huangjing fruit has no suitable grafted rootstock in China except its own seedlings, which leads to high rootstock prices. In addition, Huangjing fruit grafting is mainly based on approach grafting, and the branch utilization rate is low. The above two factors make it impossible to quickly and rapidly propagate Huangjing fruit varieties in large quantities, and the price of improved seedlings remains high, restricting the development of the industry. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study a method that can quickly propagate Huangjing fruit varieties. Cutting propagation can not only stabilize the excellent traits of the inherited parents but also achieve rapid and large-scale propagation. The method is simple and the cost is low. It is an effective method for the propagation of improved fruit tree varieties in production.

[0004] CN202210435518.2 discloses an efficient cutting seedling raising method for yellow crystal fruit, which uses mixed hormones as yellow crystal fruit rooting agents. Although this method has a high survival rate of cuttings, because many types of hormones are used and the price of zeatin riboside is high, the production cost of using this method to cultivate yellow crystal fruit seedlings is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a yellow crystal fruit rooting agent, which comprises preparation A and preparation B, wherein:

[0006] Preparation A includes 0.3-0.5 mg / ml indolebutyric acid (IBA) aqueous solution and 0.1-0.2 mg / ml naphthylacetic acid (NAA) aqueous solution;

[0007] Preparation B contains 2-10g of Huangjing fruit tree new shoot stem tip extract per 100ml of aqueous solution;

[0008] The volume ratio of preparation A to preparation B is A:B=(2-4):(6-8).

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of preparation A is as follows: 30-50 mg of indolebutyric acid powder and 10-20 mg of naphthylacetic acid powder are weighed separately, and completely dissolved with 1-3 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then the mixture is diluted to a 100 ml volumetric flask with CO2-free water to prepare preparation A.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of preparation B is as follows: 2-10 g of the stem tip of the new shoot of the yellow crystal fruit tree is taken, fully crushed with a mortar, and then diluted to a 100 ml volumetric flask with CO2-free water, shaken on a shaker at 100-200 rpm / min for 10-60 min, and then allowed to stand, and the residue is filtered out to prepare preparation B.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Cutting time: from April to October every year;

[0013] Step S1. Preparation of cutting medium

[0014] Peat soil, loess soil and vermiculite are mixed in a volume ratio of (2-4):(0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5) to prepare a cutting medium, and the mixture is infiltrated and sterilized, and then dried for later use;

[0015] Step S2. Preparation of rooting agent

[0016] The rooting agent is prepared by mixing preparation A and preparation B in a certain proportion, wherein:

[0017] (1) Preparation of Preparation A: Weigh 30-50 mg of indolebutyric acid powder and 10-20 mg of naphthylacetic acid powder respectively, dissolve them completely in 1-3 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then dilute to 100 ml in a volumetric flask with water to prepare Preparation A;

[0018] (2) Preparation of Preparation B: 2-10 g of new shoot tips of Huangjing fruit trees were taken, crushed thoroughly with a mortar, and then diluted to 100 ml with water in a volumetric flask. The mixture was shaken on a shaker at 100-200 rpm / min for 10-60 min and then allowed to stand. The residue was filtered and then prepared into Preparation B;

[0019] (3) Preparation of Huangjing Fruit Rooting Agent: Take preparation A and preparation B in a volume ratio of A:B = (2-4): (6-8), mix the two thoroughly to make Huangjing Fruit cutting rooting agent, and set aside;

[0020] Step S3. Preparation of cuttings

[0021] Select healthy and strong semi-lignified branches of the current year with a diameter of ≥0.4cm, cut off the tender shoots, cut the branches into cutting branches with a length of about 15cm, cut the top of the branches flatly, cut the base of the branches obliquely, cut off the lower leaves, and leave a pair of leaves cut 1 / 2 on the upper part. Then disinfect the base of the cutting branches, take out the branches, put them in a cool place to dry slightly, and set aside;

[0022] Step S4. Cutting

[0023] Immerse the base of the branch prepared in step S3 into the Huangjing fruit rooting agent prepared in step S2, soak for 20-40 minutes, take it out, and cut it into the substrate prepared in step S1, and water it thoroughly;

[0024] Step S5. Management after cutting

[0025] (1) Water and temperature management: Place the seedling trays of the yellow crystal fruit in a temperature-controlled greenhouse and water them every 1-3 days to maintain a water holding rate of 65-75% in the substrate. The temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 24±6℃ and the humidity is maintained at 80±5%;

[0026] (2) Sterilization management: Spray fungicide after cutting, then spray once every 5-7 days, and spray continuously for 3-4 times.

[0027] (3) Nutrition management: Spray preparation B 21 days after cutting, and then spray every 5-7 days for 4-5 times.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, 0.5% potassium permanganate is used for immersion disinfection.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, disinfection is performed in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 8-12 minutes.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, a rooting agent is inserted into the base 4-6 cm.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5 (2), the fungicide is 0.1% carbendazim (active ingredient 50%).

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes: (4) observing the rooting condition after 60 days of cutting.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes (5) transplanting 100 days after cutting.

[0034] The present invention provides a solution to the problem that it is difficult to quickly and massively propagate improved varieties of Huangjing fruit. The method of the present invention utilizes Huangjing fruit new shoot stem tip extract supplemented with a small amount of exogenous hormone as a rooting agent to promote rooting and germination of cutting branches, and uses the Huangjing fruit stem tip extract as a foliar nutrient agent for cutting seedlings in the later stage, which not only effectively improves the cutting survival rate (more than 85%), but also saves costs, is simple to operate, and can cultivate Huangjing fruit improved varieties seedlings at low cost and on a large scale. The yellow crystal fruit has a strong shoot-generating ability, and the redundant new shoots need to be wiped off. The present invention reuses the wiped-off new shoots for the first time, uses the stem tip extract of the yellow crystal fruit new shoots as the main component of the rooting agent and the foliar nutrient agent in the seedling stage, fully utilizes the nutrients of the yellow crystal fruit itself, promotes the growth of the new shoots of the yellow crystal fruit on the basis of improving the survival rate of the yellow crystal fruit cuttings (the shoot-generating rate is greater than 83%, and the average shoot-generating length is more than 2 cm higher than that of the control group), enhances the vitality and resistance of the cutting seedlings, and shortens the cutting time; and because most of the rooting agent hormones under the formula are provided by the endogenous hormones contained in the new shoots of the yellow crystal fruit, the production cost is lower than that of other methods, and it is more conducive to large-scale use in production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 : Semi-lignified branches

[0037] Figure 2 :Processed cuttings

[0038] Figure 3 : New stem apex.

[0039] Figure 4 : Overall comparison of cutting branches in embodiment 1

[0040] Figure 5 : Overall comparison of cuttings of embodiment 2.

[0041] Figure 6 : The Huangjing fruit cutting 1d situation of embodiment 2

[0042] Figure 7 :Example 2 First time drawing

[0043] Figure 8 : Example 2 Overall growth of cuttings 100d

[0044] Fig. 9 : Example 2 Root system situation after 100 days of cutting

[0045] Fig.10 : Embodiment 2 transplanting 1d cutting seedlings

[0046] Fig.11 : Example 2 Growth of cutting seedlings after 90 days of transplanting DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The rooting agent and cutting seedling raising method provided by the present invention include the following contents:

[0048] 1. Cutting time

[0049] Available from April to October every year.

[0050] 2. Preparation of cutting medium

[0051] Mix peat soil, loess soil and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare a cutting medium, and use 0.5% potassium permanganate to soak and disinfect it. After drying, put it into a seedling tray with a length*width*height size of 40*70*7cm (15 holes) for later use.

[0052] 3. Preparation of rooting agent

[0053] This rooting agent is prepared by mixing preparation A and preparation B in a certain proportion, among which:

[0054] (1) Preparation of Preparation A: Weigh 40 mg of IBA powder and 15 mg of NAA powder respectively, dissolve them completely in 2 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then dilute to 100 ml with CO2-free water in a volumetric flask to prepare Preparation A;

[0055] (2) Preparation of Preparation B: 5 g of new shoot tips of Huangjing fruit trees were taken, crushed thoroughly with a mortar, and then diluted to a 100 ml volumetric flask with CO2-free water. The mixture was shaken at 180 rpm / min for 30 min and then allowed to stand. The residue was filtered and then prepared into Preparation B.

[0056] (3) Preparation of Huangjing Fruit Rooting Agent: Use a measuring cylinder to measure 30 ml of preparation A and 70 ml of preparation B, mix the two thoroughly to make Huangjing Fruit cutting rooting agent, and set aside.

[0057] 4. Preparation of cuttings

[0058] Select healthy and growing semi-lignified branches of the current year (diameter ≥ 0.4 cm), cut off the tender shoots, cut the branches into cuttings with a length of about 15 cm, cut the top flat, cut the base obliquely, cut off the lower leaves, and leave a pair of leaves cut 1 / 2 on the upper part. Then immerse the base of the cutting branch (about 5 cm) in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection. Take out the branches after 10 minutes, put them in a cool place to dry slightly, and set aside.

[0059] 5. Cuttings

[0060] Dip the base of the branches prepared in 4 into the yellow crystal fruit rooting agent prepared in 3 for about 5 cm, take it out after soaking for 30 minutes, cut it into the substrate prepared in 2, and water it thoroughly.

[0061] 6. Management after cutting

[0062] (1) Water and temperature management: Place the seedling trays of the yellow crystal fruit in a temperature-controlled greenhouse and water them once every 2 days to maintain the water holding rate of the substrate at around 70%. The temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 24±6℃ and the humidity at 80±5%.

[0063] (2) Sterilization management: Spray 0.1% carbendazim (active ingredient 50%) after cutting, and then spray once every 7 days, and spray continuously for 3-4 times.

[0064] (3) Nutrition management: Spray preparation B 21 days after cutting, and then spray once every 7 days for 4 to 5 times.

[0065] (4) Observe the rooting situation 60 days after cutting.

[0066] (5) Transplant 100 days after cutting.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] Test time: 2022.5.12~2022.8.26

[0069] Test location: Temperature-controlled greenhouse of Zhangzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute

[0070] Test materials: Three-year-old 'Dongmi' yellow crystal fruit and semi-lignified branches of the same year

[0071] Experimental design: A preparation (150mg / L NAA + 400mg / L IBA) and B preparation (50g / L Huangjing fruit stem tip extract) were mixed in a ratio of 3:7 and used as the rooting agent for the experimental group (experiment 1), and 0.5% ABT (root production) was used as the rooting agent for the control group (control 1) for cutting test. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each with 100 branches, and the seedling trays of each treatment were randomly placed after the cutting was completed.

[0072] Table 1: Experimental design of Example 1

[0073]

[0074] The specific steps are as follows:

[0075] 1. Preparation of cutting medium

[0076] Mix peat soil, loess soil and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare a cutting medium, and use 0.5% potassium permanganate to soak and disinfect it. After drying, put it into a seedling tray with a size of 40*70*7cm (15 holes) in length*width*height for later use.

[0077] 2. Preparation of cuttings

[0078] Select healthy and growing semi-lignified branches of 'Winter Honey' of the current year (diameter ≥ 0.4cm), cut off the tender shoots, cut the branches into cuttings with a length of about 15cm, cut the top flat, cut the base obliquely, cut off the lower leaves, and leave a pair of leaves cut 1 / 2 on the upper part; then immerse the base of the cutting branch (about 5cm) in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, take out the branches after 10 minutes, put them in a cool place to dry slightly, and set aside.

[0079] 3. Cuttings

[0080] Immerse the base of the branches prepared in 2 about 5 cm into the prepared rooting agent, take them out after soaking for 30 minutes, cut them into the substrate prepared in 1, and water them thoroughly.

[0081] 4. Management after cutting

[0082] (1) Water and temperature management: Place the seedling trays of the yellow crystal fruit in a temperature-controlled greenhouse and water them every 2 days to maintain the water holding rate of the substrate at around 70%. The temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 24±6℃ and the humidity at 80±5%.

[0083] (2) Sterilization management: Spray 0.1% carbendazim (50% active ingredient) after cutting, and then spray once every 7 days for 3 times. (3) Nutrition management: Spray the test group with preparation B 21 days after cutting, and then spray once every 7 days for 4 times; spray the control group with 10-fold diluted MS nutrient solution, the method is the same as the test group.

[0084] (4) Observe the rooting situation 60 days after cutting.

[0085] (5) After 100 days of cutting, the rooting and new shoots of the cuttings were counted and transplanted.

[0086] 5. Data statistics and analysis

[0087] After 100 days of cutting, the root matrix was washed off and the longest root length of each branch was measured with a ruler; the longest root diameter was measured with a vernier caliper;

[0088] Survival rate = (number of surviving branches / total number of cutting branches) * 100%

[0089] Rooting rate = (number of rooted branches / total number of cutting branches) * 100%

[0090] Shoot rate = (number of new shoots / total number of cuttings) * 100%

[0091] Example 2

[0092] Test time: 2022.6.23~2022.10.02

[0093] Test location: Temperature-controlled greenhouse of Zhangzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute

[0094] Experimental materials: biennial 'Jiuda' Huangjing fruit current-year semi-lignified branches. Experimental design: Mix preparation A (150mg / L NAA + 400mg / L IBA) and preparation B (50g / L Huangjing fruit stem tip extract) in a ratio of 3:7 and use them as the rooting agent for the experimental group (experiment 2), and use preparation A (150mg / L NAA + 400mg / LIBA) as the rooting agent for the control group (control 2) for cutting test. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, with 130 branches in each repeat. After the cutting was completed, the seedling trays of each treatment were randomly placed.

[0095] Table 2: Experimental design of Example 2

[0096]

[0097] The specific steps are the same as Example 1.

[0098] Results Analysis

[0099] The results of comprehensive indicators show that the rooting agent of the present invention can make the root system of the cutting branches of Huangjing Fruit grow more vigorously, and the subsequent new shoots grow faster and stronger than ordinary rooting agents. Specifically, the average rooting rate of the test group is 12.7% higher than that of the control group. The cutting branches of the control group and the test group began to swell at the base phloem 21 days after cutting, gradually forming white tumor-like callus tissue, and then the callus tissue differentiated to form a main root system. After 14 days of cutting, some branches and leaves began to yellow and fall off, and the first batch of new shoots began to grow at the same time. Most of the surviving cutting branches after 60 days of cutting can grow new shoots. Although there was no significant difference in the early growth and development progress between the experimental group and the control group, the overall root growth of the experimental group was better than that of the control group. The average number of roots per plant was more than that of the control group, and the root growth was more vigorous. The new shoots of the cuttings in the experimental group grew stronger than those in the control group, and the average shoot length was more than 2 cm higher than that of the control group, indicating that the overall growth of the cuttings in the experimental group was significantly stronger than that of the control group. The specific indicator data are shown below.

[0100] (1) Comparison of root growth

[0101] According to the statistical results: the cutting survival rate of both the experimental group and the control group was above 70%, among which the survival rate of the experimental group was higher: the survival rate of the experimental group 1 was 86.6%, which was 12.4% higher than that of the control group 1; the survival rate of the experimental group 2 was 85.4%, which was 12.9% higher than that of the control group 2.

[0102] Comparing the root growth, the rooting rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The average number of roots in the experimental group 1 was 6.5 roots / plant, while the average number of roots in the control group 1 was 4.2 roots / plant, with a significant difference, but there was no significant difference in the longest root length and average root diameter; the average number of roots in the experimental group 2 was 6.6 roots / plant, which was also more than the number of roots in the control group. The average number of roots in the control group 2 was 5.0 roots / plant (see Table 3 and Table 4 for specific data). In Example 2, the average longest root length of the experimental group was 10.3, which was 1.45 times that of the control group 2.

[0103] Table 3: Survival rate and root growth of each treatment in Example 1

[0104]

[0105] Table 4: Survival rate and root growth of each treatment in Example 2

[0106]

[0107] (2) Shoot extraction

[0108] By comparing the experimental group and the control group, it can be seen that: under the same environmental conditions, the cuttings of the experimental group grew faster than those of the control group. The new shoots of the experimental group 1 grew 2.0 cm longer than those of the control group 1, which was 1.47 times that of the control group 1; the new shoots of the experimental group 2 grew 1.9 cm longer than those of the control group 2, which was 1.41 times that of the control group (see Tables 5 and 6 for specific data), indicating that the effect of using the Huangjing fruit stem tip extract as a foliar nutrient is better than the popular MS nutrient solution.

[0109] Table 5: Example 1 each processing extraction situation

[0110]

[0111] Table 6: Example 2 each process extraction situation

[0112]

[0113] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rooting agent for yellow crystal fruit, characterized in that: It includes preparation A and preparation B, wherein preparation A includes 0.3-0.5 mg / ml indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 0.1-0.2 mg / ml naphthylacetic acid aqueous solution; Preparation B contains 2-10 g of extract from the new shoots of yellow crystal fruit trees in every 100 ml of aqueous solution; the volume ratio of preparation A to preparation B is A:B=(2-4):(6-8); The preparation method of preparation B is as follows: 2-10 g of the stem tip of the new shoot of the yellow crystal fruit tree is taken, and it is fully crushed with a mortar and pestle, and then the volume is made up to 100 ml with CO2-free water in a volumetric flask, and the mixture is shaken on a shaker at 100-200 rpm / min for 10-60 min and then allowed to stand, and the residue is filtered out and then preparation B is prepared.

2. The rooting agent of yellow crystal fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of preparation A is as follows: 30-50 mg of indolebutyric acid powder and 10-20 mg of naphthylacetic acid powder are weighed respectively, and completely dissolved with 1-3 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then the mixture is diluted to a 100 ml volumetric flask with CO2-free water to prepare preparation A.

3. A method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings, comprising the following steps: Cutting time: from April to October every year; Step S1. Preparation of cutting medium Mix peat soil, loess soil and vermiculite in a volume ratio of (2-4): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5) to prepare a cutting medium, soak and disinfect it, and dry it for later use; Step S2. Preparation of rooting agent The rooting agent is prepared by mixing preparation A and preparation B in a certain proportion, wherein: (1) Preparation of Preparation A: Weigh 30-50 mg of indolebutyric acid powder and 10-20 mg of naphthylacetic acid powder respectively, dissolve them completely in 1-3 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then dilute to 100 ml with water in a volumetric flask to prepare Preparation A; (2) Preparation of Preparation B: Take 2-10 g of the stem tip of the new shoot of the Huangjing fruit tree, crush it thoroughly with a mortar, and add water to a 100 ml volumetric flask. Oscillate on a shaker at 100-200 rpm / min for 10-60 min, let it stand, filter the residue, and prepare Preparation B. (3) Preparation of Huangjing Fruit Rooting Agent: Take preparation A and preparation B in a volume ratio of A:B = (2-4): (6-8), mix the two thoroughly to make Huangjing Fruit cutting rooting agent, and set aside; Step S3. Preparation of cuttings Select healthy and strong semi-lignified branches of the current year with a diameter of ≥0.4 cm, cut off the tender shoots, and cut the branches into cuttings of about 15 cm in length. Cut the top of the branches flatly and the base of the branches obliquely, cut off the lower leaves, and leave a pair of leaves cut 1 / 2 on the upper part. Then disinfect the base of the cutting branches, take out the branches, put them in a cool place to dry slightly, and set aside; Step S4. Cutting Immerse the base of the branch prepared in step S3 into the Huangjing fruit rooting agent prepared in step S2, soak for 20-40 minutes, take it out, and cut it into the substrate prepared in step S1, and water it thoroughly; Step S5. Post-cutting management (1) Water and temperature management: Place the seedling trays of the yellow crystal fruit in a temperature-controlled greenhouse and water them every 1-3 days to maintain a water holding rate of 65-75% in the substrate. The temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 24±6℃ and the humidity at 80±5%. (2) Sterilization management: spray fungicide after cutting, then spray once every 5-7 days, and spray continuously for 3-4 times; (3) Nutrition management: Spray agent B 21 days after cutting, and then spray every 5-7 days, for 4-5 times in a row.

4. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, 0.5% potassium permanganate is used for infiltration disinfection.

5. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, disinfection is performed in a 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 8-12 min.

6. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, a rooting agent is inserted 4-6 cm from the base.

7. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S5 (2), the fungicide is 0.1% carbendazim, with an active ingredient content of 50%.

8. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: Step S5 also includes: (4) observing the rooting condition after 60 days of cutting.

9. The method for raising seedlings of Cistanche deserticola by cuttings according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S5 also includes (5) transplanting 100 days after cutting.

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