A method and system for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in buildings based on BIM data

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of digital information technology, and discloses a method and system for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data, including: fusing BIM data and sensor data to obtain multi-dimensional fusion data; constructing a three-dimensional building model of a target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, simulating a fire on the three-dimensional building model, and obtaining a fire data image; extracting fire factor features of the fire data image, generating an evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, allocating firefighting resources according to the evacuation path, and obtaining a firefighting resource allocation vector of the evacuation path; calculating a resource allocation score of the firefighting resource allocation vector; when the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, generating a firefighting resource dispatching strategy according to the firefighting resource dispatching vector, and allocating firefighting resources according to the firefighting resource dispatching strategy. The present invention can improve the accuracy of dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of digital information technology, and in particular to a method and system for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of its scale, the structure of urban buildings has become increasingly complex. The risk of fire in buildings threatens the safety of personnel and property. Once a fire occurs in a building, it becomes difficult to dispatch fire-fighting resources and respond to the fire based on the more complex internal structure of the building. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve refined management of fire-fighting resources in order to accurately dispatch and allocate fire-fighting resources.

[0003] The existing building fire resource dispatching technology is to pre-set the fixed position of fire equipment to deal with the occurrence of fire. In actual application, the spatial structure and equipment distribution in the building may change. Only considering the allocation of fire resources at fixed positions may lead to insufficient understanding of building information, resulting in low accuracy in dispatching and allocating fire resources in the building. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data, the main purpose of which is to solve the problem of accuracy in dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for dispatching and allocating fire protection resources in a building based on BIM data, comprising:

[0006] S1. Acquire BIM data and sensor data of a target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multidimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multidimensional fused data;

[0007] S2, constructing a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and performing a fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image;

[0008] S3, extracting fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm, generating an evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path by using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain a fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path;

[0009] S4. Calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm. When the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, return to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold. Calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using the preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm, including:

[0010] S41, determining the resource allocation weight of the fire-fighting resources in the fire-fighting resource allocation vector by a preset hierarchical analysis method;

[0011] S42, using the resource allocation evaluation algorithm to calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector according to the resource allocation weight, wherein the resource allocation evaluation algorithm is:

[0012]

[0013] Where S is the resource allocation score, p u,v is the fire extinguishing probability of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point, is the number of allocations of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point at time t, y u,v is the allocation constraint value of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point, mod is the modulo function, U is the number of discrete path points, V is the vector dimension of the fire resource allocation vector, W u,v is the resource allocation weight of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point;

[0014] S5. When the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, a fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the fire resource allocation vector, and fire resources are allocated according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

[0015] Optionally, the using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to fuse the BIM data and the sensor data to obtain multi-dimensional fused data includes:

[0016] Extracting building data factors from the BIM data, and generating a building data matrix of the BIM data according to the building data factors;

[0017] Extracting sensor data factors from the sensor data according to a preset time interval, and generating a sensor data matrix of the sensor data according to the sensor data factors;

[0018] The building data matrix and the sensor data matrix are fused using the multidimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multidimensional fused data, wherein the multidimensional data fusion algorithm is:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, R is the multi-dimensional fusion data, A n is the nth building data factor in the building data matrix, B 1t is the first sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth moment, C 2t is the second sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time, N nt is the Nth sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time.

[0021] Optionally, constructing the three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data includes:

[0022] Extracting building geometric attributes, spatial attributes and information attributes from the multi-dimensional fusion data;

[0023] Generating the geometric shape of the target building according to the building geometric attributes;

[0024] Spatially associating the geometric shapes according to the spatial attributes to obtain a target building geometric shape;

[0025] The information attributes and the sensor data in the multi-dimensional fusion data are added to the target building geometry to obtain a three-dimensional building model of the target building.

[0026] Optionally, before performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model by using the pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain the fire data image, the method further includes:

[0027] Acquiring physical parameters of building components and physical parameters of fire sources in the three-dimensional building model;

[0028] The building fire numerical model is constructed according to the physical parameters of the building components and the physical parameters of the fire source, wherein the building fire numerical model is:

[0029]

[0030] Wherein, T represents the temperature in the fire source physical parameters, t represents the fire source burning time in the fire source physical parameters, α represents the thermal diffusion coefficient, represents the Laplace operator, represents the second-order spatial derivative of temperature, E represents the concentration of the substance in the physical parameters of the fire source, F represents the chemical reaction rate term, Q represents the energy density of radiation transfer, δ represents the divergence operator, κ represents the thermal conductivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, ε represents the surface emissivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, σ represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and T0 represents the ambient temperature.

[0031] Optionally, the performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model by using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image includes:

[0032] Dividing the three-dimensional building model into fire areas to obtain three-dimensional building fire areas;

[0033] Performing simulation parameter conversion on the three-dimensional building fire area to obtain three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters;

[0034] Performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters through the building fire numerical model to obtain fire simulation parameters;

[0035] A fire data image is generated according to the fire simulation parameters and a preset fire simulation time.

[0036] Optionally, the extracting the fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm includes:

[0037] extracting the burning area in the fire data image using the dual vision algorithm;

[0038] Performing morphological operations on the combustion region to obtain an enhanced combustion region;

[0039] Encoding the regional colors in the enhanced combustion region to obtain combustion color coding;

[0040] The fire factor characteristics of the fire data image are determined according to the combustion color code.

[0041] Optionally, generating the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics includes:

[0042] Determining the fire location and fire environment of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics;

[0043] The real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position is calculated according to the preset initial pheromone concentration using a preset pheromone concentration algorithm, wherein the pheromone concentration algorithm is:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, τ ij(s+1) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, Δτ ij (s) is the initial pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s, τ ij (s) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, e is a constant, ρ min is the minimum value of the pheromone volatility factor, max is the maximum value function, log is the logarithmic function, and N is the total time for the pheromone concentration to be updated;

[0046] Extracting environmental impact factors from the fire environment, and selecting the fire location with the highest real-time pheromone concentration as the target path location according to the environmental impact factors;

[0047] The evacuation path of the target building is generated according to the target path location and the preset fire exit attributes by the following shortest path algorithm:

[0048]

[0049] Wherein, L is the evacuation path, min is the minimum function, c is the attribute of the trapped person, f is the attribute of the fire exit, ω is the real-time environment weight parameter, and l is the real-time evacuation path.

[0050] Optionally, the using a preset resource allocation algorithm to allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path to obtain a fire resource allocation vector for the evacuation path includes:

[0051] Discretizing the path points of the evacuation path to obtain discrete path points;

[0052] The resource allocation algorithm is used to allocate fire resources to the discrete path points according to the fire characteristics of the discrete path points to obtain discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points, wherein the resource allocation algorithm is:

[0053] {φ u}→{ζ u ,η u ,Ω u}

[0054] Among them, φ a is the fire characteristic of the u-th discrete path point, ζ a Assign the number of firefighters to the u-th discrete path point, η a Assign the number of fire equipment to the u-th discrete path point, Ω a Assign quantity to the type of firefighting equipment at the u-th discrete path point;

[0055] The fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path is generated according to the discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points.

[0056] Optionally, generating a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector includes:

[0057] Determining a resource scheduling priority according to the number of resources in the fire resource allocation vector;

[0058] Determine the key scheduling area of ​​the target building according to the resource scheduling priority;

[0059] A fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the key scheduling areas and the fire resource allocation vectors one by one.

[0060] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a fire resource dispatching and allocation system in a building based on BIM data, the system comprising:

[0061] A data fusion module is used to obtain the BIM data and sensor data of the target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data;

[0062] A fire data image generation module, used to construct a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and to perform fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model through a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image;

[0063] A fire resource allocation vector generation module, used to extract the fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm, generate the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path by using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain the fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path;

[0064] a resource allocation score calculation module, configured to calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm, and when the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, return to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold;

[0065] The fire resource allocation module is used to generate a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector when the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, and allocate fire resources according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

[0066] The embodiment of the present invention obtains multi-dimensional fusion data by fusing BIM data with sensor data, which is conducive to improving the overall understanding and perception of the target building; constructing a three-dimensional building model of the target building based on the multi-dimensional fusion data, and simulating the fire of the three-dimensional building model based on the building fire numerical model, which is conducive to evaluating the severity of the building fire and providing important information for firefighters, so as to formulate more accurate emergency plans and evacuation plans; extracting the fire factor characteristics of the fire data image, and then generating an evacuation path based on the fire factor characteristics, and allocating fire resources based on the evacuation path, which is conducive to improving the efficiency and effect of building fire safety management; calculating the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector, which is conducive to evaluating the quality of the fire resource allocation plan; generating a fire resource scheduling strategy based on the resource allocation score, and implementing the allocation of fire resources according to the fire resource scheduling strategy, so as to ensure timely response and comprehensive coverage of resources. Therefore, the method and system for scheduling and allocating fire resources in a building based on BIM data proposed by the present invention can solve the problem of low accuracy in scheduling and allocating fire resources in a building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for dispatching and allocating fire protection resources in a building based on BIM data provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a data fusion process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for extracting fire factor characteristics provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 4 A functional module diagram of a fire protection resource scheduling and allocation system in a building based on BIM data provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0073] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data. The execution subject of the method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server and a terminal that can be configured to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other words, the method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server or a cloud server cluster, etc. The server can be an independent server, or it can be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDNs), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data includes:

[0075] S1. Acquire BIM data and sensor data of a target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present invention, the BIM data refers to various information generated, collected and stored in the BIM (Building Information Modeling, building information management based on digital models) process, including building geometry data, building component properties, material information and equipment information; the sensor data includes measurement data of various environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, gas, light, etc.

[0077] In detail, BIM data and sensor data can be obtained from a storage area that pre-stores the BIM data and sensor data of the target building through computer statements with data capture functions (such as Java statements, Python statements, etc.), where the storage area includes but is not limited to databases and blockchains.

[0078] Furthermore, in order to improve the completeness and accuracy of the data, multiple data sources can be integrated to obtain more comprehensive and accurate information, which is conducive to improving the overall understanding and perception of the target building.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-dimensional fusion data is to integrate data from different sources into a comprehensive data set to obtain more comprehensive and accurate information.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the BIM data and the sensor data are fused using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data, including:

[0081] S21, extracting building data factors from the BIM data, and generating a building data matrix of the BIM data according to the building data factors;

[0082] S22, extracting sensor data factors from the sensor data according to a preset time interval, and generating a sensor data matrix of the sensor data according to the sensor data factors;

[0083] S23, using the multidimensional data fusion algorithm to fuse the building data matrix and the sensor data matrix to obtain multidimensional fusion data, wherein the multidimensional data fusion algorithm is:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, R is the multi-dimensional fusion data, A n is the nth building data factor in the building data matrix, B 1t is the first sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth moment, C 2t is the second sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time, N nt is the Nth sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time.

[0086] In detail, the building data factor refers to the geometric data, construction attributes, material attributes and equipment information of the target building, and then the building data matrix of BIM data is generated according to the number of attributes in the building data factor; similarly, the sensor data factor refers to the data generated by the sensors in the target building, such as temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, gas, light, etc., and then the sensor data matrix of sensor data is generated according to the number of attributes in the sensor data factor, where the building data factors and sensor data factors in the BIM data can be extracted through computer statements (Python statements).

[0087] Specifically, the building data matrix is ​​[A1, A2, ..., A n ], the sensing data matrix is The matrix dimension of the building data matrix is ​​unified with the matrix dimension of the sensor data matrix, and the building data matrix and the sensor data matrix are matrix-joined to obtain multi-dimensional fusion data, wherein each row in the sensor data matrix represents the data collected by any sensor at different times, such as the first row represents the temperature data of the temperature sensor at different times, and the second row represents the smoke concentration data of the smoke concentration sensor at different times.

[0088] Furthermore, in order to provide more specific and visual reference and decision support for fire resource allocation, it is necessary to construct a three-dimensional building model, which provides more comprehensive and accurate building information and environmental parameters, thereby enhancing decision support capabilities.

[0089] S2. Construct a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and perform fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional building model is constructed by multi-dimensional fusion data, which presents the appearance, structure and environmental characteristics of the building. The model can be used for visualization, analysis and decision support.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, constructing the three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data includes:

[0092] Extracting building geometric attributes, spatial attributes and information attributes from the multi-dimensional fusion data;

[0093] Generating the geometric shape of the target building according to the building geometric attributes;

[0094] Spatially associating the geometric shapes according to the spatial attributes to obtain a target building geometric shape;

[0095] The information attributes and the sensor data in the multi-dimensional fusion data are added to the target building geometry to obtain a three-dimensional building model of the target building.

[0096] In detail, the building data matrix in the multi-dimensional fusion data contains the building geometric attributes, spatial attributes and information attributes of the target building, wherein the geometric attributes include the building's outer contour, wall positions, window and door positions, building height, facade, roof shape, floors, etc.; the spatial attributes include the building's plane graphics and three-dimensional coordinate information, extracting the building's spatial position relationship, temperature, humidity, lighting and other spatial attribute information inside the building; the information attributes include the building's basic information, building purpose, building type, safety level and other information, wherein the building's geometric attributes, spatial attributes and information attributes can be extracted from the storage area in the pre-stored multi-dimensional fusion data through computer statements.

[0097] Specifically, the appearance geometric shape of the target building is generated according to the building geometric attributes through a preset three-dimensional building model software, and then the appearance geometric shapes are spatially associated according to the spatial position relationship in the spatial attributes, so as to obtain the overall geometric shape of the target building, and the information data of the target building and the sensor data and other building attributes in the multi-dimensional fusion data are supplemented to the target building geometric shape, so as to obtain the three-dimensional building model of the target building.

[0098] Furthermore, in order to simulate the fire development, smoke propagation, heat radiation, etc. when a fire occurs in a building based on the three-dimensional building model, it is helpful to assess the severity of the building fire and provide important information for firefighters, so as to formulate more accurate emergency plans and evacuation plans. It is necessary to construct a numerical model of building fire.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present invention, the building fire numerical model is a model that uses computer simulation and calculation technology to describe and predict the building fire process. It is based on physical principles and mathematical models, and simulates and analyzes the development and spread of fire by establishing a series of equations and calculation methods.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present invention, before the fire simulation is performed on the three-dimensional building model by using the pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain the fire data image, the method further includes:

[0101] Acquiring physical parameters of building components and physical parameters of fire sources in the three-dimensional building model;

[0102] The building fire numerical model is constructed according to the physical parameters of the building components and the physical parameters of the fire source, wherein the building fire numerical model is:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, T represents the temperature in the fire source physical parameters, t represents the fire source burning time in the fire source physical parameters, α represents the thermal diffusion coefficient, represents the Laplace operator, represents the second-order spatial derivative of temperature, E represents the concentration of the substance in the physical parameters of the fire source, F represents the chemical reaction rate term, Q represents the energy density of radiation transfer, δ represents the divergence operator, κ represents the thermal conductivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, ε represents the surface emissivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, σ represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and T0 represents the ambient temperature.

[0105] In detail, the physical parameters of the building components include the size, shape and position of the components, the density of the component materials, the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, light transmittance and other physical parameters; the physical parameters of the fire source include the temperature, size, shape, duration, combustion rate of the burning material, flame propagation speed, release rate of the combustion produced substances and other physical parameters of the fire source, among which the physical parameters of the building construction can be obtained through experimental measurement or engineering practice experience, and the physical parameters of the fire source can be obtained through actual fire conditions and combustion experiment results.

[0106] Specifically, the building fire numerical model includes the heat conduction equation Mass Conservation Equation Energy Conservation Equation By solving the heat conduction equation, we can get the distribution and change of the temperature inside the building components in space and time. The mass conservation equation describes the conservation relationship of the mass of each component in the smoke. It takes into account the generation and consumption of the burning material, as well as the migration and transformation of other components in the smoke. The energy conservation equation describes the conservation relationship between the smoke flow and the temperature in the building components. It takes into account factors such as heat conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer. Through the heat conduction equation, mass conservation equation and energy conservation equation, we can get the distribution, concentration and change of the burning material, so as to better understand the fire process and take appropriate measures.

[0107] Furthermore, fire simulation of target buildings through building fire numerical models can provide predictions of fire development and smoke propagation, as well as evaluation of parameters such as combustion material distribution, temperature and pressure. This can better understand the behavior of fire, predict the development trend of fire and potential danger areas, and thus help formulate fire response measures and escape plans.

[0108] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fire data image includes a smoke propagation image, a temperature image, a smoke transparency image, and a smoke removal path image, wherein the smoke propagation image refers to an image that can be generated to show the propagation of smoke or gas through fire numerical simulation or field measured data. These images usually display the distribution of smoke or gas concentration in a color-coded manner; the temperature image can show the temperature changes in different parts of the fire source or the area affected by the fire, and usually uses color coding to reflect the temperature gradient, such as displaying temperature changes through a thermal map or a rainbow color map; the smoke transparency image shows the transparency distribution of smoke or gas to visible light. The transparency image usually uses color coding to represent the concentration or density of smoke, thereby visualizing the impact of smoke on visibility; the smoke removal path image shows the path of smoke propagation in a building or a large space. The smoke removal path image is usually presented by dividing the building or space into different areas and drawing the path of smoke propagation and transmission.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present invention, the method of performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model by using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image includes:

[0110] Dividing the three-dimensional building model into fire areas to obtain three-dimensional building fire areas;

[0111] Performing simulation parameter conversion on the three-dimensional building fire area to obtain three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters;

[0112] Performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters through the building fire numerical model to obtain fire simulation parameters;

[0113] A fire data image is generated according to the fire simulation parameters and a preset fire simulation time.

[0114] In detail, by dividing the three-dimensional building model into different areas, different three-dimensional building fire areas for fire simulation can be obtained, and then the regional fire parameters of the three-dimensional building fire areas for fire simulation are converted into three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters that can be used for fire simulation, so as to assign parameters of the building fire numerical model with the three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters to obtain fire simulation parameters, wherein the fire simulation parameters include the location, size, burning rate and burning temperature of the fire source; the three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters include parameters such as the thermal conductivity, burning rate, combustion heat release rate and smoke generation rate of the material.

[0115] Specifically, according to the fire source location, size, burning rate and burning temperature in the fire simulation parameters and within the preset fire simulation time, a smoke propagation image, a temperature image, a smoke transparency image and a smoke removal path image can be generated to obtain a fire data image.

[0116] Furthermore, in order to more accurately grasp the characteristics, extent and smoke propagation of the fire, it is necessary to extract the fire factor features in the fire data image.

[0117] S3. Extract the fire factor features of the fire data image through a preset dual vision algorithm, generate the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and use a preset resource allocation algorithm to allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path to obtain a fire resource allocation vector for the evacuation path.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fire factor characteristics include the location of the burning area, the burning intensity, the burning temperature, the burning range and the smoke density. Based on the fire factor characteristics, quantitative or qualitative information about the fire factor in the fire data image can be provided. Through the fire factor characteristics, the characteristics, degree and smoke propagation of the fire can be understood, further facilitating fire analysis and emergency response work.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the fire factor features of the fire data image are extracted by a preset dual vision algorithm, including:

[0120] S31, extracting the burning area in the fire data image using the dual vision algorithm;

[0121] S32, performing morphological operations on the combustion area to obtain an enhanced combustion area;

[0122] S33, encoding the regional color in the enhanced combustion area to obtain a combustion color code;

[0123] S34. Determine the fire factor characteristics of the fire data image according to the combustion color code.

[0124] In detail, the dual vision algorithm can more accurately identify the burning area in the fire data image. The dual vision algorithm includes an image processing algorithm and a temperature distribution image, that is, using image processing techniques, such as edge detection, color segmentation and other methods, to extract the flame area and smoke area in the burning area, and through target detection or image segmentation algorithm, extract the outline and area of ​​the burning object, and extract the temperature peak through color coding in the temperature distribution image to obtain a more accurate burning area, and apply morphological operations, such as expansion, corrosion, etc., to enhance and denoise the flame and smoke areas in the extracted burning area to obtain an enhanced burning area.

[0125] Specifically, color coding is performed on the enhanced combustion area, that is, color gradients can be used to represent the intensity or temperature changes of the combustion. A color spectrum range can be defined, such as from yellow to red, from representing low temperature or weaker combustion areas to high temperature or stronger combustion areas. By using different proportions of colors in the combustion area, different degrees of combustion can be represented. By coding the regional colors of the combustion area, the characteristics and intensity of the combustion can be intuitively displayed, helping the observer to understand the situation and extent of the fire event.

[0126] Furthermore, by detecting the burning color-coded area, the position and shape of the burning area in the fire data image can be determined, which can help determine the location of the flame and the scope of the fire; by the brightness or saturation of the burning color code, the burning intensity of different areas in the fire data image can be determined, and brighter or more saturated colors may indicate stronger burning; by detecting the area, perimeter or boundary of the burning color-coded area, the scope and shape of the burning area in the fire data image can be determined, which can help assess the scale of the fire and the spread of smoke; if the burning color code is also related to the smoke density, the concentration or density of the smoke can be estimated by the brightness or color density of the color, and brighter or thicker colors may indicate higher smoke density; if the burning color code is related to temperature, the temperature of the burning area can be estimated by the color mapping or color temperature of the color, and warmer colors may indicate higher burning temperatures. Thus, the fire factor characteristics can be obtained, and then the characteristics, degree and smoke propagation of the fire can be understood based on the fire factor characteristics, further promoting fire analysis and emergency response work.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present invention, the evacuation route refers to a route for people to safely evacuate from a building or place in the event of a fire or other emergency.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present invention, generating the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics includes:

[0129] Determining the fire location and fire environment of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics;

[0130] The real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position is calculated according to the preset initial pheromone concentration using a preset pheromone concentration algorithm, wherein the pheromone concentration algorithm is:

[0131]

[0132] Among them, τ ij (s+1) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, Δτ ij (s) is the initial pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s, τ ij(s) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, e is a constant, ρ min is the minimum value of the pheromone volatility factor, max is the maximum value function, log is the logarithmic function, and N is the total time for the pheromone concentration to be updated;

[0133] Extracting environmental impact factors from the fire environment, and selecting the fire location with the highest real-time pheromone concentration as the target path location according to the environmental impact factors;

[0134] The evacuation path of the target building is generated according to the target path location and the preset fire exit attributes by the following shortest path algorithm:

[0135] L min =min(L(ω c,f l c,f ))

[0136] Wherein, L is the evacuation path, min is the minimum function, c is the attribute of the trapped person, f is the attribute of the fire exit, ω is the real-time environment weight parameter, and l is the real-time evacuation path.

[0137] In detail, the fire location and fire environment of the target building are determined according to the combustion area location, combustion intensity, combustion temperature, combustion range and smoke density in the fire factor characteristics, and an initial pheromone concentration is set for each fire location. The pheromone concentration of the fire location is continuously updated based on the initial pheromone concentration to obtain the real-time pheromone concentration of the fire location. The path is selected according to the pheromone concentration. The higher the pheromone concentration, the more critical the fire location is. The pheromone volatility factor ρ in the pheromone concentration algorithm is the most direct factor affecting the calculation performance and convergence rate of the overall pheromone concentration. If the value of ρ is too large, the calculation performance of the overall pheromone concentration will be weakened; if the value of ρ is too small, the calculation convergence speed of the overall pheromone concentration will slow down. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the ρ value to improve the calculation performance of the pheromone concentration.

[0138] Specifically, the environmental impact factor refers to the intensity and smoke concentration of the burning area at the fire location under the fire environment. The intensity and smoke concentration of the fire area are sorted from large to small, and then the fire location with the highest pheromone concentration is determined as the target path location, and the optimal evacuation path is selected from the selected multiple target path locations and fire exit attributes, where the fire exit attribute refers to the entrance and exit of the fire scene. In order to effectively avoid the location of the fire point and obstacles, the search for trapped persons starts from the starting point closest to the rescue personnel at that time, and then the trapped persons are evacuated from the nearest exit at that time. In this way, the effective and shortest distance can be found, thereby realizing the reasonable planning of the fire fighting and rescue evacuation path.

[0139] Furthermore, after selecting the optimal evacuation path, it is necessary to effectively allocate firefighting resources based on the evacuation path to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of building fire safety management.

[0140] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fire resource allocation vector refers to a resource allocation vector formed after allocating the number of firefighters, fire equipment and types of fire equipment based on the evacuation path.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present invention, the method of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain a fire resource allocation vector for the evacuation path includes:

[0142] Discretizing the path points of the evacuation path to obtain discrete path points;

[0143] The resource allocation algorithm is used to allocate fire resources to the discrete path points according to the fire characteristics of the discrete path points to obtain discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points, wherein the resource allocation algorithm is:

[0144] {φ u}→{ζ u ,η u ,Ω u}

[0145] Among them, φ a is the fire characteristic of the u-th discrete path point, ζ a Assign the number of firefighters to the u-th discrete path point, η a Assign the number of fire equipment to the u-th discrete path point, Ω a Assign quantity to the type of firefighting equipment at the u-th discrete path point;

[0146] The fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path is generated according to the discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points.

[0147] In detail, the path points in the evacuation path are discretized according to the target path position, that is, the evacuation path is segmented to obtain discrete path points. By discretizing the evacuation path into path points, it is easier to perform path planning, path analysis, navigation and other operations, and calculate each discrete path point one by one. Fire resource allocation is performed on the discrete path points based on the fire characteristics around the path point, that is, according to the intensity of the burning area on the discrete path point, fire extinguishers are preferentially allocated in the area with stronger burning; according to the location and burning characteristics of the path point, fire hydrant resources are preferentially allocated; if a large amount of smoke or toxic gas release occurs on the discrete path point, environmental control equipment can be allocated near the point; according to the fire characteristics of the discrete path point, the rescue team is allocated to the area that may need more help and support. These areas may be places with high burning intensity, blocked exits or high population density; according to the location and fire characteristics of the discrete path point, signposts are installed on the path and lighting equipment is provided to help personnel find the correct evacuation path and ensure visibility and safety on the way.

[0148] Specifically, according to the fire characteristics of the surrounding environment of each discrete path point, such as the intensity of the burning area and the smoke density, the lighter the burning area and the higher the smoke density, the more firefighters, firefighting equipment and types of firefighting equipment are required for the discrete path point. Then, the number of firefighters, firefighting equipment and types of firefighting equipment can be customized according to the intensity of the burning area and the size of the smoke density. Then, the discrete firefighting resource allocation vectors of all discrete path points are collected as the firefighting resource allocation vector of the evacuation path.

[0149] Furthermore, in order to evaluate the allocation effect of the fire resource allocation vector, find the optimal resource allocation plan, maximize the utilization efficiency of fire resources, and ensure the best allocation of resources, it is necessary to perform allocation evaluation on the fire resource allocation vector.

[0150] S4. Calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm. When the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, return to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold.

[0151] In the embodiment of the present invention, the resource allocation score is a value calculated by a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm and is used to evaluate the quality of the fire resource allocation plan.

[0152] In the embodiment of the present invention, the calculating the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector by using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm includes:

[0153] Determining the resource allocation weights of the firefighting resources in the firefighting resource allocation vector by a preset hierarchical analysis method;

[0154] The resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector is calculated according to the resource allocation weight using the resource allocation evaluation algorithm, wherein the resource allocation evaluation algorithm is:

[0155]

[0156] Where S is the resource allocation score, p u,v is the fire extinguishing probability of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point, is the number of allocations of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point at time t, y u,v is the allocation constraint value of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point, mod is the modulo function, U is the number of discrete path points, V is the vector dimension of the fire resource allocation vector, W u,v The resource allocation weight for the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point.

[0157] In detail, the analytic hierarchy process is a commonly used decision analysis method, which is used to determine the weights between different factors. For example, the criterion layer can be determined according to the number of personnel, the number of equipment, and the training level; and then a hierarchical structure is constructed. For example, the number of personnel can be subdivided into the number of firefighters, the number of teams, etc., so as to construct a judgment matrix, evaluate the pairwise comparison between the criterion layer and the sub-criterion layer, and calculate the eigenvector of each factor according to the judgment matrix. The eigenvector represents the weight of each factor, so as to determine the resource allocation weight of the fire resources in the fire resource allocation vector, and then evaluate the quality of the fire resource allocation in the fire resource allocation vector according to the resource allocation weight.

[0158] Specifically, in the resource allocation evaluation algorithm, p u,v It refers to the self-defined evaluation of the probability of extinguishing the fire at this fire location based on the number of firefighters, firefighting equipment and types of firefighting equipment in the firefighting resource allocation vector, and the number of firefighters, firefighting equipment and types of firefighting equipment at each fire location are constrained to save firefighting costs, and then the resource allocation score of the overall firefighting resource allocation vector in the evacuation path is obtained. Therefore, the resource allocation score of the firefighting resource allocation vector can be calculated according to the resource allocation weight and the actual number of resources, which is used to evaluate the allocation of resources. Among them, the feasible firefighting resource allocation vector at time t can be found, and the firefighting resource allocation vector is Then the total number of firefighting resources allocated is And compare all fire-fighting resource allocation quantities with resource allocation constraint values ​​to ensure the effectiveness of fire extinguishing.

[0159] Furthermore, when the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, the method returns to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using a preset resource allocation algorithm, reallocates the fire resources, obtains an updated fire resource allocation vector, and recalculates the fire resource allocation score of the updated fire resource allocation vector until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold.

[0160] S5. When the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, a fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the fire resource allocation vector, and fire resources are allocated according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

[0161] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold, it means that the fire resource allocation vector can meet the fire resource scheduling of the target building, and the fire situation of the target building can be efficiently and accurately handled based on the fire resource allocation vector. Then, a fire resource scheduling strategy can be generated according to the fire resource allocation vector, wherein the fire resource scheduling strategy aims to optimize and coordinate the allocation and use of fire resources to deal with fires and other emergency situations.

[0162] In the embodiment of the present invention, generating a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector includes:

[0163] Determining a resource scheduling priority according to the number of resources in the fire resource allocation vector;

[0164] Determine the key scheduling area of ​​the target building according to the resource scheduling priority;

[0165] A fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the key scheduling areas and the fire resource allocation vectors one by one.

[0166] In detail, firefighting resources are dispatched according to the priority of fire and emergency situations. High-priority situations will receive more resources and support to ensure that the most critical areas receive timely response and effective support. Therefore, the resource dispatch priority can be determined according to the number of resources in the fire resource allocation vector, and the areas with high resource dispatch priority are determined as key dispatch areas. Then, firefighting forces and materials are dispatched according to the area and speed of fire spread. Resources are concentrated in areas with the fastest fire spread, the highest population density, or the greatest degree of harm to effectively control the fire and protect the safety of personnel.

[0167] Specifically, a fire resource dispatch strategy can be generated based on the fire resource allocation vector corresponding to each key dispatch area, and fire forces and materials from different sources, including fire brigades, fire trucks, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, etc., can be coordinated and dispatched according to needs and actual conditions to provide maximum support and protection.

[0168] Furthermore, the fire resource allocation for the target building can be realized according to the fire resource allocation vector of each building area in the target building, ensuring the reasonable deployment and optimal utilization of fire resources to maximize the protection of human life and property safety.

[0169] In the embodiment of the present invention, the allocating firefighting resources according to the firefighting resource scheduling strategy includes:

[0170] Extracting fire resource allocation vectors corresponding to key scheduling areas in the fire resource scheduling strategy one by one;

[0171] The fire resources are allocated according to the fire resource allocation quantity in the fire resource allocation vector.

[0172] In detail, the fire resource allocation vectors corresponding to the key scheduling areas in the fire resource scheduling strategy are extracted one by one, and then the allocation of fire resources in each scheduling area is realized according to the number of firefighters allocated, the number of fire equipment allocated and the number of types of fire equipment allocated in the fire resource allocation vector.

[0173] Furthermore, according to the fire resource allocation plan specified in the fire resource dispatch strategy, firefighting forces and materials are allocated to predetermined areas and path points to ensure timely response and comprehensive coverage of resources.

[0174] The embodiment of the present invention obtains multi-dimensional fusion data by fusing BIM data with sensor data, which is conducive to improving the overall understanding and perception of the target building; constructing a three-dimensional building model of the target building based on the multi-dimensional fusion data, and simulating the fire of the three-dimensional building model based on the building fire numerical model, which is conducive to evaluating the severity of the building fire and providing important information for firefighters, so as to formulate more accurate emergency plans and evacuation plans; extracting the fire factor characteristics of the fire data image, and then generating an evacuation path based on the fire factor characteristics, and allocating fire resources based on the evacuation path, which is conducive to improving the efficiency and effect of building fire safety management; calculating the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector, which is conducive to evaluating the quality of the fire resource allocation plan; generating a fire resource scheduling strategy based on the resource allocation score, and implementing the allocation of fire resources according to the fire resource scheduling strategy, so as to ensure timely response and comprehensive coverage of resources. Therefore, the method and system for scheduling and allocating fire resources in a building based on BIM data proposed by the present invention can solve the problem of low accuracy in scheduling and allocating fire resources in a building.

[0175] like Figure 4 , which is a functional module diagram of a fire protection resource scheduling and allocation system in a building based on BIM data provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0176] The fire resource dispatching and allocation system 100 in a building based on BIM data of the present invention can be installed in an electronic device. According to the functions to be implemented, the fire resource dispatching and allocation system 100 in a building based on BIM data can include a data fusion module 101, a fire data image generation module 102, a fire resource allocation vector generation module 103, a resource allocation score calculation module 104 and a fire resource allocation module 105. The module of the present invention can also be called a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device and can complete fixed functions, which are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0177] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0178] The data fusion module 101 is used to obtain the BIM data and sensor data of the target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data;

[0179] The fire data image generation module 102 is used to construct a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and to perform fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model through a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image;

[0180] The fire resource allocation vector generation module 103 is used to extract the fire factor features of the fire data image by using a preset dual vision algorithm, generate the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path by using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain the fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path;

[0181] The resource allocation score calculation module 104 is used to calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm, and when the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, return to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold;

[0182] The fire resource allocation module 105 is used to generate a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector when the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, and allocate fire resources according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

[0183] In detail, each module described in the fire resource dispatching and allocation system 100 based on BIM data in the embodiment of the present invention is used in the same manner as described above. Figures 1 to 3 The same technical means are used as the method for dispatching and allocating fire resources in buildings based on BIM data, and can produce the same technical effects, so I will not go into details here.

[0184] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only illustrative, for example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0185] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0186] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0187] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0188] Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, so it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any attached figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0189] The embodiments of the present application can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Among them, artificial intelligence (AI) is the theory, method, technology and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge and use knowledge to obtain the best results.

[0190] In addition, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or systems stated in a system claim can also be implemented by one unit or system through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0191] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dispatching and allocating fire protection resources in a building based on BIM data, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Acquire BIM data and sensor data of a target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multidimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multidimensional fused data; S2, constructing a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and performing a fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image; S3, extracting fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm, generating an evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path by using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain a fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path; S4. Calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm. When the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, return to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold. Calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using the preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm, including: S41, determining the resource allocation weight of the fire-fighting resources in the fire-fighting resource allocation vector by a preset hierarchical analysis method; S42, using the resource allocation evaluation algorithm to calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector according to the resource allocation weight, wherein the resource allocation evaluation algorithm is: Where S is the resource allocation score, p u,v is the fire extinguishing probability of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point, is the number of allocations of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point at time t, y u,v is the allocation constraint value of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point, mod is the modulo function, U is the number of discrete path points, V is the vector dimension of the fire resource allocation vector, W u,v is the resource allocation weight of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point; S5. When the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, a fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the fire resource allocation vector, and fire resources are allocated according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

2. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of fusing the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data includes: Extracting building data factors from the BIM data, and generating a building data matrix of the BIM data according to the building data factors; Extracting sensor data factors from the sensor data according to a preset time interval, and generating a sensor data matrix of the sensor data according to the sensor data factors; The building data matrix and the sensor data matrix are fused using the multidimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multidimensional fused data, wherein the multidimensional data fusion algorithm is: Wherein, R is the multi-dimensional fusion data, A n is the nth building data factor in the building data matrix, B 1t is the first sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth moment, C 2t is the second sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time, N nt is the Nth sensor data in the sensor data matrix at the tth time.

3. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing the three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data comprises: Extracting building geometric attributes, spatial attributes and information attributes from the multi-dimensional fusion data; Generating the geometric shape of the target building according to the building geometric attributes; Spatially associating the geometric shapes according to the spatial attributes to obtain a target building geometric shape; The information attributes and the sensor data in the multi-dimensional fusion data are added to the target building geometry to obtain a three-dimensional building model of the target building.

4. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the three-dimensional building model is subjected to fire simulation by using the pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain the fire data image, the method further includes: Acquiring physical parameters of building components and physical parameters of fire sources in the three-dimensional building model; The building fire numerical model is constructed according to the physical parameters of the building components and the physical parameters of the fire source, wherein the building fire numerical model is: Wherein, T represents the temperature in the fire source physical parameters, t represents the fire source burning time in the fire source physical parameters, α represents the thermal diffusion coefficient, represents the Laplace operator, represents the second-order spatial derivative of temperature, E represents the concentration of the substance in the physical parameters of the fire source, F represents the chemical reaction rate term, Q represents the energy density of radiation transfer, δ represents the divergence operator, κ represents the thermal conductivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, ε represents the surface emissivity of the object in the physical parameters of the building component, σ represents the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and T0 represents the ambient temperature.

5. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The method of performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model by using a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image includes: Dividing the three-dimensional building model into fire areas to obtain three-dimensional building fire areas; Performing simulation parameter conversion on the three-dimensional building fire area to obtain three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters; Performing fire simulation on the three-dimensional building fire conversion parameters through the building fire numerical model to obtain fire simulation parameters; A fire data image is generated according to the fire simulation parameters and a preset fire simulation time.

6. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The extracting of fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm includes: extracting the burning area in the fire data image using the dual vision algorithm; Performing morphological operations on the combustion region to obtain an enhanced combustion region; Encoding the regional colors in the enhanced combustion region to obtain combustion color coding; The fire factor characteristics of the fire data image are determined according to the combustion color code.

7. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Generating the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics includes: Determining the fire location and fire environment of the target building according to the fire factor characteristics; The real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position is calculated according to the preset initial pheromone concentration using a preset pheromone concentration algorithm, wherein the pheromone concentration algorithm is: Among them, τ ij (s+1) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, Δτ ij (s) is the initial pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s, τ ij (s) is the real-time pheromone concentration of the ignition position (i, j) at time s+1, e is a constant, ρ min is the minimum value of the pheromone volatility factor, max is the maximum value function, log is the logarithmic function, and N is the total time for the pheromone concentration to be updated; Extracting environmental impact factors from the fire environment, and selecting the fire location with the highest real-time pheromone concentration as the target path location according to the environmental impact factors; The evacuation path of the target building is generated according to the target path location and the preset fire exit attributes by the following shortest path algorithm: L min =min(L(ω c,f L c,f )) Wherein, L is the evacuation path, min is the minimum function, c is the attribute of the trapped person, f is the attribute of the fire exit, ω is the real-time environment weight parameter, and l is the real-time evacuation path.

8. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using a preset resource allocation algorithm to allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path to obtain a fire resource allocation vector for the evacuation path includes: Discretizing the path points of the evacuation path to obtain discrete path points; The resource allocation algorithm is used to allocate fire resources to the discrete path points according to the fire characteristics of the discrete path points to obtain discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points, wherein the resource allocation algorithm is: {f} u }→{ζ u ,or u ,Oh u } Among them, φ a is the fire characteristic of the u-th discrete path point, ζ a Assign the number of firefighters to the u-th discrete path point, η a Assign the number of fire equipment to the u-th discrete path point, Ω a Assign quantity to the type of firefighting equipment at the u-th discrete path point; The fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path is generated according to the discrete fire resource allocation vectors of the discrete path points.

9. The method for dispatching and allocating firefighting resources in a building based on BIM data as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The generating a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector comprises: Determining a resource scheduling priority according to the number of resources in the fire resource allocation vector; Determine the key scheduling area of ​​the target building according to the resource scheduling priority; A fire resource scheduling strategy is generated according to the key scheduling areas and the fire resource allocation vectors one by one.

10. A fire resource dispatching and allocation system in a building based on BIM data, characterized in that: The system comprises: A data fusion module is used to obtain the BIM data and sensor data of the target building, and fuse the BIM data and the sensor data using a preset multi-dimensional data fusion algorithm to obtain multi-dimensional fused data; A fire data image generation module, used to construct a three-dimensional building model of the target building according to the multi-dimensional fusion data, and to perform fire simulation on the three-dimensional building model through a pre-constructed building fire numerical model to obtain a fire data image; A fire resource allocation vector generation module, used to extract the fire factor features of the fire data image by a preset dual vision algorithm, generate the evacuation path of the target building according to the fire factor features, and allocate fire resources according to the evacuation path by using a preset resource allocation algorithm to obtain the fire resource allocation vector of the evacuation path; A resource allocation score calculation module is used to calculate the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using a preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm. When the resource allocation score is less than or equal to a preset resource allocation threshold, the module returns to the step of allocating fire resources according to the evacuation path using the preset resource allocation algorithm until the resource allocation score is greater than the preset resource allocation threshold. The step of calculating the resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector using the preset resource allocation evaluation algorithm includes: Determining the resource allocation weights of the firefighting resources in the firefighting resource allocation vector by a preset hierarchical analysis method; The resource allocation score of the fire resource allocation vector is calculated according to the resource allocation weight using the resource allocation evaluation algorithm, wherein the resource allocation evaluation algorithm is: Where S is the resource allocation score, p u,v is the fire extinguishing probability of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point, is the number of allocations of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector at the uth discrete path point at time t, y u,v is the allocation constraint value of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point, mod is the modulo function, U is the number of discrete path points, V is the vector dimension of the fire resource allocation vector, W u,v is the resource allocation weight of the vth vector value in the fire resource allocation vector in the uth discrete path point; The fire resource allocation module is used to generate a fire resource scheduling strategy according to the fire resource allocation vector when the resource allocation score is greater than a preset resource allocation threshold, and allocate fire resources according to the fire resource scheduling strategy.

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