A method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, and belongs to the technical field of Suaeda salsa reproduction. The method of the present invention includes collection and storage of Suaeda salsa seeds, pre-sowing vitality detection and management, and planting management; the seed collection includes collecting Suaeda salsa seeds with a moisture content of ≤10% and a purity of ≥95%; the storage conditions are temperature ≤10°C and relative humidity ≤75%; the pre-sowing vitality detection includes a germination rate of more than 85%, and the pre-sowing management includes soaking seeds in fresh water for 6-10h; the planting management includes planting in spring, applying basal fertilizer to the soil available N content of ≥120mg / kg, and irrigating fresh water once in spring and summer. The present invention manages the collection and storage of Suaeda salsa seeds, performs vitality detection before sowing, and adjusts the planting management method, so as to promote the germination of Suaeda salsa seeds and the growth of seedlings, and improve the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Suaeda salsa propagation, and in particular relates to a method for improving the sexual propagation efficiency of Suaeda salsa. Background Art

[0002] Suaeda has strong resistance to stress (especially salt resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance), and is a pioneer plant in saline-alkali soil. It can survive naturally in areas with high salt content and complete its life history, and has strong adaptability. Suaeda plays an important role in reducing soil salinity, improving soil physical and chemical properties, repairing petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and maintaining the normal succession of wetland ecosystems. In the past decade, with the increasing impact of human activities, Suaeda has experienced serious degradation, resulting in a significant reduction in wetland area, a significant reduction in wetland ecological functions, and a sharp decline in biodiversity.

[0003] According to previous research by many domestic scholars, although Suaeda salsa has extremely high resistance to salt, such as the strong fleshiness of its leaves, it can absorb a large amount of salt from the environment and discharge the salt in the protoplasm into the salt bubbles in the body, so that the protoplasm will not be damaged by excessive salt accumulation. However, the salt resistance of Suaeda salsa is also limited. When it reaches its salt tolerance limit, it will be inhibited. The moisture and salt in the soil conditions play an important role in the development and growth of Suaeda salsa.

[0004] In recent years, in order to restore the integrity and stability of wetland ecosystems, researchers have carried out a large number of Suaeda salsa planting and restoration work, which is of great significance to ensuring the ecological security of wetlands and improving the biodiversity of wetlands. The selection of germplasm in Suaeda salsa planting and restoration work is of utmost importance. Therefore, how to carry out the selection of germplasm, pre-sowing management and cultivation measures of Suaeda salsa to improve the reproductive efficiency of sexual reproduction is the core issue of current concern. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, by managing the collection and storage of Suaeda salsa seeds, conducting pre-sowing vitality detection and adjusting the planting management method, so as to promote the germination of Suaeda salsa seeds and the growth of seedlings.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, comprising collecting and storing Suaeda salsa seeds, pre-sowing vitality detection and management, and planting management;

[0008] The seed collection comprises collecting Suaeda salsa seeds with a moisture content of ≤10% and a purity of ≥95%;

[0009] The storage conditions are temperature ≤ 10°C and relative humidity ≤ 75%;

[0010] The pre-sowing vitality test includes a germination rate of more than 85%, and the pre-sowing management includes soaking the seeds in fresh water for 6-10 hours;

[0011] The planting management includes planting in spring, applying basal fertilizer until the available nitrogen content in the soil is ≥120 mg / kg, and irrigating with fresh water once in spring and once in summer.

[0012] Preferably, the seeds are collected in late November, air-dried or dried to control moisture content, and screened at multiple stages to remove impurities.

[0013] Preferably, the seed collection also includes seed purity ≥ 95%, black pericarp ratio ≥ 85%, and germination rate ≥ 85%.

[0014] More preferably, the seed collection further comprises seeds having a crude protein content greater than 15%, a crude fat content greater than 15%, and an ash content ≤ 40%.

[0015] Preferably, the storage period is less than 3 years, the temperature is 0-10°C, and the relative humidity is 50%-75%; the storage period is 3-10 years, the temperature is -4-0°C, and the relative humidity is ≤50%; the storage period is 10-15 years, the temperature is ≤-18°C, and the relative humidity is ≤50%.

[0016] More preferably, during the storage period, the storage warehouse is cleaned, disinfected and inspected daily; the cleaning includes cleaning residual seeds, impurities and garbage inside the warehouse, and cleaning weeds and sewage outside the warehouse; the disinfection adopts ultraviolet disinfection, antifungal disinfection and disinfectant disinfection; the daily inspection includes checking the moisture content of seeds, coating integrity rate and the occurrence of lesions, mildew and insect pests.

[0017] Preferably, the pre-sowing vitality test also includes that the seeds are plump, 0.5-1 mm in diameter, bright in color, completely coated, with a moisture content of ≤10%, no shriveling, and a degree of integrity of ≥90%.

[0018] Preferably, the fresh water seed soaking temperature is 5-10°C, and the mass ratio of seeds to fresh water is 5:1-2.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of fresh water irrigated is enough to submerge the roots of the Suaeda salsa seedlings.

[0020] Preferably, the Suaeda salsa includes Suaeda winged and Suaeda kenli.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, including collection and storage of Suaeda salsa seeds, pre-sowing vitality detection and management, and planting management. The present invention regulates the moisture content, purity, and pre-sowing germination rate of Suaeda salsa seeds, and performs seed soaking treatment before sowing, which can improve the germination rate and germination potential of Suaeda salsa seeds, so that the survival rate of Suaeda salsa during planting is higher and the adaptability is stronger, thereby achieving a better restoration effect.

[0023] The invention stores the Suaeda salsa seeds in a low-temperature and low-humidity environment, which can maintain the vitality of the Suaeda salsa seeds for a long time, and can not only preserve the germplasm resources of the Suaeda salsa with high efficiency and low cost, but also provide high-quality Suaeda salsa seeds for wetland restoration work.

[0024] The present invention found that reduced precipitation and increased soil salinity are the main limiting factors for the poor growth of Suaeda salsa. Irrigating with fresh water once in spring and summer during the growing period of Suaeda salsa can reduce soil salinity. Adding a certain amount of basal fertilizer before sowing can increase the content of available N in the soil, promote the survival and growth of Suaeda salsa, and improve the planting effect of Suaeda salsa. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention provides a method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Seed collection: the collected Suaeda salsa seeds are required to have a moisture content of ≤10% and a purity of ≥95%.

[0027] The present invention preferably collects Suaeda salsa seeds in late November, and concentrated collection can begin after the seeds mature. Mature Suaeda salsa seeds turn brown and fall off naturally when touched lightly. As an implementable method, manual collection is adopted.

[0028] The preferred salsa alkali source of the present invention should be selected from plants with lush growth and full seeds. In full consideration of salinity, temperature and other issues, mature sources should be selected in the intertidal zone, so that the survival rate of the salsa alkali during planting is higher and the adaptability is stronger, thereby achieving a better restoration effect, and avoiding the selection of plants grown on dams and at the border between land and sea. The salsa alkali grown in this environment has poor salt tolerance and a low survival rate.

[0029] It is further preferred that the collected seeds undergo pre-treatment and one to three treatments, specifically:

[0030] Pre-treatment: The collected Suaeda salsa seeds are dried in the sun for 3-7 days, and they are frequently turned over during the drying process to ensure uniform drying. When the moisture content of the seeds is less than 10%, they can be collected or dried in a drying room;

[0031] Primary treatment: Use a sieve with a pore size of 1 cm to sieve the dried seeds, mainly to filter out large pieces of gravel, grass roots, and Suaeda rhizomes;

[0032] Secondary treatment: Use a sieve with a pore size of 5 mm to filter the seeds after primary treatment, mainly to filter out small particles of impurities such as fine soil during the collection process;

[0033] Level 3 processing: Finally, use a sieve with a pore size of 3mm to screen out the seeds. Randomly take 100g of the screened seeds. The purity must reach more than 95%. If the purity is lower than 95%, repeat the above process and re-screen.

[0034] The preferred water content of the Suaeda salsa seeds of the present invention is 6%-10%. If the water content is too high, it is not easy to store, and if the water content is too low, the seed quality is poor and the germination rate is low.

[0035] The present invention further preferably has a seed purity of ≥95%, a black coating ratio of ≥85%, and a germination rate of ≥85%; more preferably, a crude protein content of >15%, a crude fat content of >15%, and an ash content of ≤40%, so as to ensure that the seeds have high germination characteristics. The present invention further preferably has Suaeda salsa including Suaeda winged and Suaeda kenliensis, and more preferably, 43,000 to 45,000 seeds per 500g of Suaeda winged, and 33,000 to 36,000 seeds per 500g of Suaeda kenliensis.

[0036] (2) Storage of Suaeda salsa seeds, the storage conditions are temperature ≤ 10°C and relative humidity ≤ 75%. Suaeda salsa mainly reproduces by seeds. Under natural conditions, the germination rate of its seeds is maintained for 4-6 months. When stored at room temperature, the vitality of its seeds decreases with the extension of storage time, which brings great difficulties to the research of germplasm resources and the restoration of Suaeda salsa wetlands. Appropriate storage temperature and humidity are the key to the effective storage of Suaeda salsa seeds. The present invention can store Suaeda salsa seeds for a long time, which can not only preserve the germplasm resources of Suaeda salsa efficiently and at low cost, but also provide high-quality Suaeda salsa seeds for wetland restoration.

[0037] The preferred storage methods of the present invention are short-term storage, medium-term storage and long-term storage, which are respectively: the storage period is less than 3 years, the temperature is 0-10°C, and the relative humidity is 50%-75%; the storage period is 3-10 years, the temperature is -4-0°C, and the relative humidity is ≤50%; the storage period is 10-15 years, the temperature is ≤-18°C, and the relative humidity is ≤50%.

[0038] During the preferred storage period of the present invention, the storage warehouse is cleaned, disinfected and inspected daily, specifically including:

[0039] ①Cleaning of storage warehouse:

[0040] The warehouse must ensure cleanliness both inside and outside. The cleaning of the storage warehouse should be done from the inside and outside. The cleaning inside the warehouse is mainly aimed at residual seeds, impurities, garbage and other substances. These substances should be cleaned up to ensure the cleanliness of the inside of the granary; the cleaning outside the warehouse is mainly aimed at weeds, sewage, etc. outside the warehouse, and stains on the outside should be cleaned up.

[0041] ②Disinfection of storage warehouse

[0042] Warehouse disinfection can prevent moths and ensure quality. It is further preferred that warehouse disinfection adopts three methods: ultraviolet disinfection, antifungal disinfection and disinfectant disinfection;

[0043] a. Ultraviolet disinfection: The combination of ultraviolet light and disinfection is a good method, which can kill bacteria, remove mold, and also remove odors. It is more preferable to equip 1 cubic meter of 1 watt ultraviolet light with an average irradiation of 3 hours per day and night;

[0044] b. Antifungal agents and toxicants: Use white clay (calcium content not exceeding 0.7% or ineffective) to add 1.5% sodium fluoride (or ferric chloride) or 2.5% ammonium chloride to make an aqueous solution, or use a mixture of sodium peroxyphenol brine and lime water for painting; warehouse tools, pads, and pallets are sterilized with ultraviolet radiation, or disinfected with 10-20% bleaching powder solution, hot alkaline water, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

[0045] c. Disinfection with disinfectants: Use 3-5% formaldehyde (i.e. 7.5-12.5% ​​formalin solution), spray 0.05-0.06kg per cubic meter of space, or use bleaching powder to make a 0.3-0.4% chlorine aqueous solution and spray it in the warehouse for disinfection.

[0046] ③ Daily inspection of storage warehouse:

[0047] After the seeds of Suaeda salsa are stored, the storage conditions of the seeds should be checked regularly to avoid the occurrence of pathological conditions, local heating and local mildew in the seeds. The temperature and humidity in the warehouse should be recorded regularly to control the temperature and humidity in the warehouse to ensure that they are within a safe range.

[0048] a. Temperature and humidity check

[0049] After the seeds of Suaeda salsa are stored, the temperature and humidity of the seeds should be checked regularly, preferably at least once every 3 days in spring and summer; preferably at least once every 5 days in autumn and winter;

[0050] b. Regular sampling of seed quality

[0051] The quality of Suaeda salsa seeds should be sampled at least once every quarter (the sampling frequency should be appropriately increased in spring and summer). The inspection indicators include the integrity of the seed coating, moisture content and whether there are insect pests.

[0052] (3) Vitality detection and management before sowing. The seeds of Suaeda salsa need to be tested for seed vitality again before planting, especially for seeds that have been stored in warehouses for many years. The present invention requires that the germination rate of Suaeda salsa seeds before sowing be ≥85%, and the seeds are soaked in fresh water for 6-10 hours, preferably 8 hours, before sowing.

[0053] The preferred vitality detection of the present invention also includes selecting seeds that are plump, 0.5-1mm in diameter, bright in color, completely coated, with a moisture content of ≤10%, without shriveling, and a completeness of ≥90% for sowing.

[0054] Water is one of the important factors affecting seed germination. Enzyme activation can only react after there is enough free water in the seed cells. Soaking the seeds for a period of time before sowing is beneficial to improving their average germination rate and average germination potential. The preferred fresh water soaking temperature of the present invention is 5-10°C, more preferably 8°C, and the mass ratio of seeds to fresh water is 5:1-2, more preferably 5:1.5. Too little water cannot promote seed germination, and too much water will cause the seeds to absorb water too much, the coating will fall off, and the seeds will gather into a mass, making it difficult to sow.

[0055] (4) Planting management: In spring, apply basal fertilizer until the soil available nitrogen content is ≥120 mg / kg. Preferably, the basal fertilizer should be soil fertilizer, which can not only promote the growth of Salicornia herba, but also regulate soil permeability and promote nutrient decomposition and absorption. Irrigate with fresh water once in spring and summer. Preferably, the amount of fresh water should be enough to submerge the roots of the Salicornia herba seedlings. Irrigation can meet the water demand for the growth of Salicornia herba, reduce the salt content of the soil, increase the germination rate of Salicornia herba and promote the growth of seedlings.

[0056] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] A method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, comprising the following steps:

[0059] (1) Seed collection

[0060] The source of winged saltwort seeds is selected from plants with lush growth and full seeds, and the source that matures in the intertidal zone is selected. In this way, the survival rate of saltwater saltwort is higher during planting and the adaptability is stronger, thus achieving better restoration effect. The sea saltwort seeds of the source area have a purity of not less than 95% after processing, and the variety purity is not less than 95%. The water content of winged saltwort seeds is 8%-10%, the proportion of black fruit skin is not less than 85%, and the germination rate is not less than 85%, which is a qualified seed source.

[0061] The collection of Suaeda salsa seeds begins in late November of the same year. When the seeds mature, they can be collected in a centralized manner. Mature Suaeda salsa seeds turn brown and fall off naturally when touched lightly. After collection, they undergo three-level processing before storage or planting, including:

[0062] Pre-treatment: The collected Suaeda salsa seeds need to be dried in the sun for 3-7 days. During the drying process, they need to be turned over frequently to ensure uniform drying. When the moisture content of the seeds is less than 10%, they can be collected or dried in a drying room.

[0063] Primary treatment: Use a sieve with a pore size of 1 cm to sieve the dried seeds, mainly to filter out large pieces of gravel, grass roots, and Suaeda rhizomes;

[0064] Secondary treatment: Use a sieve with a pore size of 5 mm to filter the seeds after primary treatment, mainly to filter out small particles of impurities such as fine soil during the collection process;

[0065] Level 3 processing: Finally, use a sieve with a pore size of 3mm to screen out the seeds. Randomly take 100g of the screened seeds. The purity must reach more than 95%. If the purity is lower than 95%, repeat the above process and re-screen.

[0066] (2) Seed storage

[0067] Suaeda winged seeds need to be stored in a dry place. For medium and long term storage, they need to be stored in a cold storage. The specific storage conditions are as follows:

[0068] Long-term storage: The temperature in the cold storage should be below -18℃, and the relative humidity should be below 50%. The storage period is 15 years.

[0069] Medium-term storage: cold storage temperature -4-0℃, relative humidity below 50%, storage period is 10 years;

[0070] Short-term storage: The temperature in the warehouse is below 10℃ and the relative humidity is lower than 75%. The storage period is 3 years.

[0071] The warehouse management is also required, including the following aspects:

[0072] ①Cleaning of storage warehouse:

[0073] The warehouse must ensure cleanliness both inside and outside. The cleaning of the storage warehouse should be done from the inside and outside. The cleaning inside the warehouse is mainly aimed at residual seeds, impurities, garbage and other substances. These substances should be cleaned up to ensure the cleanliness of the inside of the granary; the cleaning outside the warehouse is mainly aimed at weeds, sewage, etc. outside the warehouse, and stains on the outside should be cleaned up.

[0074] ②Disinfection of storage warehouse

[0075] Warehouse disinfection can prevent moths and ensure quality. It is further preferred that warehouse disinfection adopts three methods: ultraviolet disinfection, antifungal disinfection and disinfectant disinfection;

[0076] a. Ultraviolet disinfection: The combination of ultraviolet light and disinfection is a good method, which can kill bacteria, remove mold, and also remove odors. It is more preferable to equip 1 cubic meter of 1 watt ultraviolet light with an average irradiation of 3 hours per day and night;

[0077] b. Antifungal agents and toxicants: Use white clay (calcium content not exceeding 0.7% or ineffective) to add 1.5% sodium fluoride (or ferric chloride) or 2.5% ammonium chloride to make an aqueous solution, or use a mixture of sodium peroxyphenol brine and lime water for painting; warehouse tools, pads, and pallets are sterilized with ultraviolet radiation, or disinfected with 10-20% bleaching powder solution, hot alkaline water, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

[0078] c. Disinfection with disinfectants: Use 3-5% formaldehyde (i.e. 7.5-12.5% ​​formalin solution), spray 0.05-0.06kg per cubic meter of space, or use bleaching powder to make a 0.3-0.4% chlorine aqueous solution and spray it in the warehouse for disinfection.

[0079] ③ Daily inspection of storage warehouse:

[0080] After the seeds of Suaeda salsa are stored, the storage conditions of the seeds should be checked regularly to avoid the occurrence of pathological conditions, local heating and local mildew in the seeds. The temperature and humidity in the warehouse should be recorded regularly to control the temperature and humidity in the warehouse to ensure that they are within a safe range.

[0081] a. Temperature and humidity check

[0082] After the seeds of Suaeda salsa are stored, the temperature and humidity of the seeds should be checked regularly, preferably at least once every 3 days in spring and summer; preferably at least once every 5 days in autumn and winter;

[0083] b. Regular sampling of seed quality

[0084] The quality of Suaeda salsa seeds should be sampled at least once every quarter (the sampling frequency should be appropriately increased in spring and summer). The inspection indicators include the integrity of the seed coating, moisture content and whether there are insect pests.

[0085] (3) Pre-sowing vitality detection and management

[0086] Before planting, the seeds of Suaeda salsa need to be identified again, especially those that have been stored in warehouses for many years. The seeds used for planting should be plump, 0.5-1mm in diameter, bright in color, with complete coating, moisture content below 10%, no shriveling, seed integrity rate should be above 90%, and germination rate should be above 85%.

[0087] Soak the seeds in fresh water for 6-8 hours before sowing. The temperature should be kept at 5-10℃. Add 1.5kg of fresh water for every 5kg of seeds.

[0088] (4) Seeding, germination and management

[0089] Plant in spring and apply base fertilizer (soil and miscellaneous fertilizer) until the soil available N content is ≥120 mg / kg. Irrigate with fresh water once in spring and summer, and the amount of fresh water should be enough to submerge the roots of the Suaeda salsa seedlings.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] A method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, which is the same as the sexual reproduction method of Suaeda salsa in Example 1.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] Effects of water content and nutrient composition of Suaeda salsa seeds on germination rate

[0094] The present invention selects 2 kinds of Suaeda salsa seeds from 7 regions of Liaoning Province and Shandong Province for detection and analysis, and the results are shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, it is found that Suaeda salsa seeds with good germplasm generally have full grains, complete coating, and a purity of more than 95%. Every 500g of Kenli Suaeda salsa seeds should have 33,000-36,000 grains, and every 500g of Suaeda salsa seeds should have 43,000-45,000 grains; the moisture content of the seeds is between 6% and 10%, and the moisture content is too high and it is not easy to store, while the moisture content is too low and the seed quality is poor, and the germination rate is low; the crude protein and crude fat contents should both exceed 15%, and the ash content is not higher than 40%.

[0095] The varieties that meet the above standards are the Suaeda salsa collected in Zhuanghe, Liaohekou and Yingkou and the Suaeda salsa collected in Liaohekou and Yingkou. The germination rates of the above germplasm resources have reached more than 85%.

[0096] Table 1 Effects of water content and nutrient composition of Suaeda salsa seeds on germination rate

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] Example 4

[0100] Effects of irrigation methods on the growth of Suaeda salsa

[0101] The single factor comparative test method was used, with three treatments, namely control, irrigation once a year, and irrigation twice a year. The experiment was conducted in an area that could be submerged by natural tides. The experimental area was a 10m*10m square, and each treatment was repeated three times. The planting experiment was carried out in early May 2020. During planting, the terrain was tidied, and gravel and other debris in the soil surface (above 30 cm) were removed to obtain a loose, breathable, flat, and well-drained soil. The soil was leveled with a shovel, rake, and plow. According to 30g / m 2 Sow seeds and apply soil and fertilizer 1500kg / 667m 2 .

[0102] Control: No irrigation throughout the year after planting, relying on natural precipitation and tidal flooding;

[0103] Irrigation once a year: relying on natural rainfall and tidal flooding, and irrigating with fresh water once in spring after planting to submerge the roots of the seedlings;

[0104] Irrigate twice a year: rely on natural precipitation and tidal flooding, and irrigate with fresh water once in spring after planting, and once in summer. Each irrigation should be enough to submerge the roots of the seedlings.

[0105] The survival rate of seedlings and plant height were investigated.

[0106] At the end of October 2020 (before the withering period of Suaeda salsa), measurements were taken on Suaeda salsa. Five points were randomly sampled in each experimental area using a sample square (50 cm × 50 cm). The survival rate of Suaeda salsa was calculated on site, and the Suaeda salsa in the sample square was collected in the laboratory to measure the plant height.

[0107] Test results:

[0108] Soil salt content is an important factor affecting the growth of cultivated Suaeda salsa. For the same soil, irrigation can meet the water demand for the growth of Suaeda salsa and reduce the salt content of the soil. The test results in Table 2 show that irrigation has a great influence on the growth of Suaeda salsa. Different irrigation methods will have very different effects. Irrigation directly affects the survival rate of seedlings and the growth height of plants of cultivated Suaeda salsa. The survival rate and plant height of seedlings are the best when irrigation is carried out twice a year.

[0109] Table 2 Effects of irrigation methods on the growth of Suaeda salsa

[0110] Grouping Survival rate (%) Plant height(mm) Control group 80.21 99.61 Irrigation once a year 85.22 105.12 Irrigation twice a year 88.31 109.83

[0111] Example 5

[0112] Effects of fertilization on the growth of Suaeda salsa

[0113] In early May 2020, a planting experiment on the effect of fertilization on the growth of Suaeda salsa was carried out. The single factor comparative test method was adopted, and 5 treatments were set up. Fertilizer was applied to the soil to a available nitrogen content of 86.31, 128.33, 130.42, 147.11, and 162.12 mg / kg, respectively. Artificial Suaeda salsa was planted. The experimental area was a 10m*10m square, and each treatment was repeated 3 times.

[0114] Investigate the height of seedlings.

[0115] At the end of October 2020 (before the withering period of Suaeda salsa), measurements were taken on Suaeda salsa. Five points were randomly sampled in each experimental area using a sample square (50 cm × 50 cm). The survival rate of Suaeda salsa was calculated on site, and the Suaeda salsa in the sample square was collected in the laboratory to measure the plant height.

[0116] Test results

[0117] Fertilization actually increases the effective nutrients in the soil. The statistical analysis in Table 3 shows that the available nitrogen in the soil of artificially cultivated Suaeda salsa is significantly positively correlated with the plant height, indicating that the higher the available nitrogen content in the soil and the higher the plant height, the better the growth of the cultivated Suaeda salsa. To obtain better returns, it is necessary to increase fertilizer application to ensure that the available nitrogen content in the soil is above 120 mg / kg, and to adjust soil permeability to promote nutrient decomposition and absorption.

[0118] Table 3 Effect of soil available N content on plant height of Suaeda salsa

[0119] project 1 2 3 4 5 Soil available N content (mg / kg) 162.12 147.11 130.42 128.33 86.31 Average plant height (mm) 105.31 104.22 103.84 100.54 90.12

[0120] Therefore, artificial means can be used to promote the survival rate and growth of Suaeda salsa. Fresh water can be irrigated once in spring and summer during the growing season to reduce soil salinity. A certain amount of basal fertilizer can be added before sowing to increase the soil's available N content to improve the planting effect of Suaeda salsa.

[0121] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa, characterized in that: Including Suaeda salsa seed collection and storage, pre-sowing vitality detection and management, and planting management; The seed collection comprises collecting Suaeda salsa seeds with a moisture content of ≤10% and a purity of ≥95%, a crude protein content of >15%, a crude fat content of >15%, and an ash content of ≤40%; The storage conditions are as follows: temperature ≤10°C, relative humidity ≤75%; storage period is less than 3 years, temperature is 0-10°C, relative humidity is 50%-75%; storage period is 3-10 years, temperature is -4-0°C, relative humidity ≤50%; storage period is 10-15 years, temperature is ≤-18°C, relative humidity ≤50%; The pre-sowing vitality test includes a germination rate of more than 85%, and the pre-sowing management includes soaking the seeds in fresh water for 6-10 hours; the fresh water soaking temperature is 5-10°C, and the mass ratio of seeds to fresh water is 5:1-2; The planting management includes planting in spring, applying basal fertilizer until the available nitrogen content in the soil is ≥120 mg / kg, and irrigating with fresh water once in spring and summer, wherein the amount of fresh water irrigated is enough to submerge the roots of the Suaeda salsa seedlings.

2. The method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds are collected in late November, dried in the sun or dried to control the moisture content, and screened at multiple levels to remove impurities.

3. The method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed collection also includes seed purity ≥ 95%, black pericarp ratio ≥ 85%, and germination rate ≥ 85%.

4. The method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the storage period, the storage warehouse is cleaned, disinfected and inspected daily; the cleaning includes cleaning the residual seeds, impurities and garbage inside the warehouse, and cleaning the weeds and sewage outside the warehouse; the disinfection adopts ultraviolet disinfection, antifungal disinfection and disinfectant disinfection; the daily inspection includes checking the moisture content of seeds, the integrity rate of coating and the occurrence of lesions, mildew and insect pests.

5. The method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-sowing vitality test also includes that the seeds are plump, 0.5-1 mm in diameter, bright in color, completely coated, with a moisture content of ≤10%, no shriveling, and a completeness of ≥90%.

6. The method for improving the sexual reproduction efficiency of Suaeda salsa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali sedge includes winged alkali sedge and Kenli alkali sedge.

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