A wireless sensor node and its working method, and a wireless sensor system

Abstract

The present invention provides a wireless sensor node and a working method thereof, and a wireless sensor system, and relates to the field of sensor technology, wherein the wireless sensor node comprises: a power supply for supplying power to a sensor and a voltage-controlled oscillator; a sensor, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of which is connected to a first input end of an analog amplifier and one end of a matching resistor, the sensor generates a primary voltage according to a detection amount of a space environment, the resistance value of the matching resistor, and a power supply voltage, and inputs the primary voltage into the analog amplifier; the second input end of the analog amplifier is connected to the output end through an adjusting resistor, the output end of the analog amplifier is connected to the input end of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the analog amplifier generates a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the adjusting resistor, and outputs the tuning voltage to the voltage-controlled oscillator; the voltage-controlled oscillator generates a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage, radiates the frequency signal to space through a matching antenna, and enables a master control end to calculate the detection amount of the space environment according to the received frequency signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a wireless sensor node and a working method thereof, and a wireless sensor system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of digital twin technology that connects everything and combines physical space with digital space, the demand for sensor nodes is increasing.

[0003] Traditional sensor nodes are connected to the master control terminal via wires, but this system architecture cannot meet the requirements of lightweight and intelligent advanced equipment in the future. In addition, the wired connection between sensor nodes and the master control terminal increases the complexity and cost of the system.

[0004] Therefore, the wired connection between the sensor node and the master control terminal is increasingly unable to meet the demand for sensor nodes in actual technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a wireless sensor node and a working method thereof, and a wireless sensor system, which are used to solve the defects that the wired connection mode between the sensor node and the master control terminal in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of lightweight and intelligence, and increases the complexity and cost of the system.

[0006] The present invention provides a wireless sensor node, comprising:

[0007] A power supply for powering the sensor and the voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0008] A sensor, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of which is respectively connected to the first input end of the amplifier and one end of the matching resistor, wherein the sensor generates a primary voltage according to the detection amount of the space environment, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, and inputs the primary voltage to the analog amplifier;

[0009] an analog amplifier, wherein a second input terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to an output terminal via an adjusting resistor, an output terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to an input terminal of a voltage-controlled oscillator, the analog amplifier generates a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the adjusting resistor, and outputs the tuning voltage to the voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0010] A voltage-controlled oscillator generates a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage, and an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a matching antenna for radiating the frequency signal into space through the matching antenna so as to be received by a broadband antenna at a master control end.

[0011] According to a wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, the regulating resistor comprises: a first regulating resistor and a second regulating resistor connected in series, the first regulating resistor is connected to the output end of the analog amplifier, and the second regulating resistor is connected to the ground;

[0012] The second input terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the analog amplifier through the first adjustment resistor.

[0013] According to a wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, an equivalent resistance is obtained by the sensor according to the detection amount of the space environment, and the primary voltage of the sensor is obtained according to the equivalent resistance, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage.

[0014] According to a wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator and the matching antenna are further connected via a DC-isolating capacitor to filter a DC noise signal in the frequency signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0015] The present invention also provides a working method of a wireless sensor node, which is used for the wireless sensor node as described above, and the method comprises:

[0016] Detecting the space environment through the sensor, generating a primary voltage according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, and inputting the primary voltage to the analog amplifier;

[0017] receiving the primary voltage through the analog amplifier, generating a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjustment resistor, and outputting the tuning voltage to a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0018] A frequency signal is generated according to the tuning voltage through a voltage-controlled oscillator, and the frequency signal is radiated into space through a matching antenna so as to be received by a broadband antenna at the master control end.

[0019] According to a working method of a wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, a space environment is detected by a sensor, and a primary voltage is generated according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of a matching resistor and a power supply voltage, including: obtaining an equivalent resistance value according to the detection amount of the space environment by the sensor; obtaining the primary voltage of the sensor through the equivalent resistance value of the sensor, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage.

[0020] According to a working method of a wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, the regulating resistor comprises: a first regulating resistor and a second regulating resistor connected in series;

[0021] Generating a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjusting resistor, comprising:

[0022] The tuning voltage is obtained by calculating the ratio of the first regulating resistor to the second regulating resistor and the primary voltage.

[0023] The present invention also provides a wireless sensor system, comprising a master control unit, and a plurality of wireless sensor nodes as described above;

[0024] The plurality of wireless sensor nodes are connected to the master control unit via broadband antennas, and the frequency signals output by the plurality of wireless sensor nodes are isolated from each other via different bandwidths;

[0025] The master control unit calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance of the corresponding sensor node, and calculates the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance of the sensor node.

[0026] According to a wireless sensor system provided by the present invention, the master control unit performs calculation according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, including:

[0027] ;

[0028] Among them, R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; R1 is the matching resistance of the sensor;

[0029] R a is the first adjustment resistor; R b is the second adjusting resistor;

[0030] f is the frequency signal received by the master control unit;

[0031] K is the tuning gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; H is the offset;

[0032] U is the power supply voltage.

[0033] According to a wireless sensing system provided by the present invention, the detection amount of the space environment is obtained by calculating the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node, including:

[0034] ;

[0035] Among them, R 25 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor at room temperature; R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; A, B, C, D are sensor constants, and T is the detection value of the space environment.

[0036] The wireless sensor node and its working method provided by the present invention detect the space environment through a sensor, generate a primary voltage according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, and the primary voltage will change with the change of the detection amount of the space environment; receive the primary voltage through an analog amplifier, generate a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the adjustment resistor, and output the tuning voltage to a voltage-controlled oscillator; generate a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage through the voltage-controlled oscillator, and radiate the frequency signal to the space through a matching antenna to be received by the broadband antenna of the master control end, so that the transmission from the sensor node to the master control end can be realized by wireless transmission. Compared with the wired deployment sensor node, the wireless sensor node of the present invention can meet the requirements of lightweight and intelligent, while reducing cables, reducing system complexity and cost.

[0037] The wireless sensing system provided by the present invention receives the frequency signal sent by the sensor node through the master control end, and calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, and obtains the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node, thereby realizing wireless transmission from the sensor end to the master control end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wireless sensor node provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wireless sensing system provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working method of the wireless sensor node provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 The wireless sensor node and its working method and the wireless sensor system of the present invention are described.

[0044] See also Figure 1 , the wireless sensor node of the present invention comprises:

[0045] A power supply U is used to supply power to the sensor S and the voltage-controlled oscillator B;

[0046] A sensor S, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of which is respectively connected to the first input end of an analog amplifier D and one end of a matching resistor. The sensor S generates a primary voltage according to the amount of detection of the space environment, and inputs the primary voltage to the analog amplifier D.

[0047] The sensor converts the detection amount of the space environment into a voltage signal and inputs it into the analog amplifier D.

[0048] Analog amplifier D, the second input terminal of analog amplifier D is connected to the output terminal through an adjusting resistor, the output terminal of analog amplifier D is connected to the input terminal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, analog amplifier D generates a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the adjusting resistor, and outputs the tuning voltage to the voltage-controlled oscillator B.

[0049] A voltage-controlled oscillator B generates a frequency signal according to a tuning voltage. The output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator B is connected to a matching antenna to radiate the frequency signal into space through the matching antenna and receive it through a broadband antenna at a master control end. The master control end calculates the received frequency signal to obtain the detection value obtained by the sensor.

[0050] When the tuning voltage V of the voltage-controlled oscillator B changes, it will cause the frequency signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator B to change, and the output frequency signal is f=kV+H. Among them, k is the tuning gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator B, and H is the offset.

[0051] The wireless sensor node provided by the present invention generates a primary voltage by utilizing the detection amount of the space environment of the sensor S, a matching resistor and a power supply voltage, and then generates a tuning voltage through an analog amplifier D, and then generates a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage through a voltage-controlled oscillator B, and transmits the frequency signal to the main control end through a matching antenna, so that the main control end calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, and calculates the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node.

[0052] See also Figure 1 , the sensor S can realize voltage division of the power supply voltage U through the matching resistor R1 to provide voltage protection for the sensing node.

[0053] The equivalent resistance R2 is obtained by the sensor S according to the detection amount of the space environment, and the primary voltage U of the sensor is obtained according to the equivalent resistance R2, the resistance R1 of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage U.R2 .

[0054] Specifically, it can be calculated by the following formula: R2 =UR2 / (R1+R2). From this formula, it can be seen that the matching resistor R1 plays a protective role in the sensor circuit to prevent the sensor from being damaged by a short circuit.

[0055] The equivalent resistance R2 of the sensor will change with the change of the space environment detection quantity, thus causing the input voltage U R2 The change is ΔU R2 =(UΔR2) / (R1+ΔR2).

[0056] Also, see Figure 1 The regulating resistor includes: a first regulating resistor R a and the second adjustment resistor R b , the first adjustment resistor R a Connected to the output terminal of the analog amplifier D, the second adjustment resistor R b Connect to ground.

[0057] The second input terminal of the analog amplifier D is connected to the first adjusting resistor R a Connected to the output terminal of the analog amplifier D. Through the first adjustment resistor R a and the second adjustment resistor R b The ratio of and the primary voltage are calculated to obtain the tuning voltage.

[0058] Specifically, the analog amplifier D converts the input voltage U R2 Converted into the tuning voltage V of the voltage-controlled oscillator B, that is, V = U R2 (1+R a / R b ).

[0059] Furthermore, the voltage-controlled oscillator B and the antenna W are connected via a DC blocking capacitor C to filter the DC noise signal in the frequency signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator B.

[0060] The present invention also provides a wireless sensing system, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a master control unit and a plurality of wireless sensor nodes as described above.

[0061] The plurality of wireless sensor nodes are connected to the master control unit CU via a broadband antenna W, and the frequency signals output by the plurality of wireless sensor nodes are isolated from each other by different bandwidths.

[0062] The master control unit CU calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance of the corresponding sensor node, and obtains the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance of the sensor node.

[0063] The antenna is used to radiate the frequency generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator into free space. The narrowband signal output by the antenna is received by the broadband antenna at the master control end. The nodes are isolated through the bandwidth design of the antenna, so that the entire system can be expanded to multiple nodes.

[0064] For example, assuming that the bandwidth of the broadband antenna at the master control end is f1=1GHz, the bandwidth of each node antenna is f2=10MHz, and the protection bandwidth between nodes is Δf=1MHz, the number of nodes that can be supported is n=(f1+Δf) / (f2+Δf)≈91.

[0065] Specifically, the master control unit CU calculates the equivalent resistance of the corresponding sensor node according to the received frequency signal, which is realized by the following formula (1):

[0066] (1)

[0067] Among them, R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; R1 is the matching resistance of the sensor;

[0068] R a is the first adjustment resistor; R b is the second adjusting resistor;

[0069] f is the frequency signal received by the master control unit;

[0070] K is the tuning gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; H is the offset;

[0071] U is the power supply voltage.

[0072] Specifically, the detection value of the space environment is calculated according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node, which is realized by the following formula (2):

[0073] (2)

[0074] Among them, R 25 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor at room temperature; R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; A, B, C, D are sensor constants, and T is the detection value of the space environment.

[0075] The wireless sensing system provided by the present invention receives the frequency signal sent by the sensor node through the master control end, and calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, and obtains the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node, thereby realizing wireless transmission from the sensor end to the master control end.

[0076] The wireless sensing system of the present invention uses wireless transmission to achieve transmission from the sensor end to the master control end, which can effectively expand the sensor nodes, while reducing cables, and reducing the complexity and cost of the system.

[0077] On the other hand, the sensor end in the prior art mostly adopts digital acquisition circuits to convert spatial analog information into digital information, which increases the power consumption and complexity of the overall system. Compared with the solutions in the prior art, the wireless sensing system of the present invention adopts a full analog method to transmit the acquired spatial information to the master control unit without the help of digital acquisition circuits, thus reducing the complexity and power consumption of the sensor end.

[0078] The working method of the wireless sensor node provided by the present invention is described below. The working method of the wireless sensor node described below and the wireless sensor node described above can be referred to each other.

[0079] Figure 3 is one of the flow charts of the working method of the wireless sensor node provided by the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following:

[0080] Step 301: Detect the space environment through a sensor, generate a primary voltage according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, and input the primary voltage to an analog amplifier.

[0081] Step 301 specifically includes: obtaining an equivalent resistance value according to the detection amount of the space environment by the sensor; and obtaining the primary voltage of the sensor according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage.

[0082] Among them, the difference in the amount of space environment detection makes the equivalent resistance value of the sensor different.

[0083] The equivalent resistance R2 of the sensor will change with the change of the space environment detection quantity, thus causing the input voltage U R2 The change is ΔU R2 =(UΔR2) / (R1+ΔR2).

[0084] Step 302: Receive the primary voltage through the analog amplifier, generate a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjustment resistor, and output the tuning voltage to a voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0085] The regulating resistor includes: a first regulating resistor and a second regulating resistor connected in series. In step 302, generating a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the regulating resistor includes: calculating the tuning voltage by the ratio of the first regulating resistor to the second regulating resistor and the primary voltage.

[0086] Specifically, the analog amplifier D converts the input voltage U R2 Converted into the tuning voltage V of the voltage-controlled oscillator B, that is, V = U R2 (1+Ra / R b ).

[0087] Furthermore, the voltage-controlled oscillator B and the antenna W are connected via a DC blocking capacitor C to filter the DC noise signal in the frequency signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator B.

[0088] Step 303: Generate a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage through a voltage-controlled oscillator, and radiate the frequency signal into space through a matching antenna so as to be received by a broadband antenna at the master control end.

[0089] When the tuning voltage V of the voltage-controlled oscillator B changes, it will cause the frequency signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator B to change, and the output frequency signal is f=kV+H. Among them, k is the tuning gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator B, and H is the offset.

[0090] The working method of the wireless sensor node provided by the present invention detects the space environment through a sensor, generates a primary voltage according to the obtained detection amount, and the primary voltage changes with the change of the detection amount of the space environment; receives the primary voltage through an analog amplifier, generates a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjustment resistor, and outputs the tuning voltage to a voltage-controlled oscillator; generates a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage through a voltage-controlled oscillator, and radiates the frequency signal to space through a matching antenna to be received by a broadband antenna at the master control end, thereby realizing the transmission from the sensor node to the master control end by wireless transmission. Compared with wired deployment sensor nodes, the wireless sensor nodes of the present invention can meet the requirements of lightweight and intelligent, while reducing cables, system complexity and cost.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless sensor node, characterized in that: include: A power supply for powering the sensor and the voltage-controlled oscillator; A sensor, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of which is respectively connected to a first input end of an analog amplifier and one end of a matching resistor, wherein the sensor generates a primary voltage according to a detection amount of a space environment, a resistance value of the matching resistor and a power supply voltage, and inputs the primary voltage to the analog amplifier; an analog amplifier, wherein a second input terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to an output terminal via an adjusting resistor, an output terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to an input terminal of a voltage-controlled oscillator, the analog amplifier generates a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and the adjusting resistor, and outputs the tuning voltage to the voltage-controlled oscillator; A voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillator generates a frequency signal according to the tuning voltage, and an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a matching antenna, and is used to radiate the frequency signal into space through the matching antenna, and receive the frequency signal by a broadband antenna of a master control end, so that the master control end performs calculation according to the received frequency signal to obtain an equivalent resistance value of a corresponding sensor node, and obtains a detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node; The detection amount of the space environment is obtained by calculating the equivalent resistance of the sensor node, including: ； Among them, R 25 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor at room temperature; R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; A, B, C, D are sensor constants, and T is the detection value of the space environment.

2. The wireless sensor node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating resistor comprises: a first regulating resistor and a second regulating resistor connected in series, the first regulating resistor is connected to the output end of the analog amplifier, and the second regulating resistor is connected to the ground; The second input terminal of the analog amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the analog amplifier through the first adjustment resistor.

3. The wireless sensor node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor obtains an equivalent resistance value according to the detection amount of the space environment, and obtains the primary voltage of the sensor according to the equivalent resistance value, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage.

4. The wireless sensor node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-controlled oscillator and the matching antenna are also connected via a DC-isolating capacitor to filter the DC noise signal in the frequency signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

5. A working method of a wireless sensor node, characterized in that: For use in a wireless sensor node according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprises: Detecting the space environment through the sensor, generating a primary voltage according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, and inputting the primary voltage to the analog amplifier; receiving the primary voltage through the analog amplifier, generating a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjustment resistor, and outputting the tuning voltage to a voltage-controlled oscillator; A frequency signal is generated according to the tuning voltage through a voltage-controlled oscillator, and the frequency signal is radiated into space through a matching antenna so as to be received by a broadband antenna at the master control end.

6. The working method of the wireless sensor node according to claim 5, characterized in that: The space environment is detected by the sensor, and the primary voltage is generated according to the obtained detection amount, the resistance value of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage, including: The equivalent resistance value is obtained by the sensor according to the detection amount of the space environment; The primary voltage of the sensor is obtained through the equivalent resistance of the sensor, the resistance of the matching resistor and the power supply voltage.

7. The working method of the wireless sensor node according to claim 5, characterized in that: The regulating resistor comprises: a first regulating resistor and a second regulating resistor connected in series; Generating a tuning voltage according to the primary voltage and an adjusting resistor, comprising: The tuning voltage is obtained by calculating the ratio of the first regulating resistor to the second regulating resistor and the primary voltage.

8. A wireless sensing system, characterized in that: It comprises a master control unit, and a plurality of wireless sensor nodes according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The plurality of wireless sensor nodes are connected to the master control unit via broadband antennas, and the frequency signals output by the plurality of wireless sensor nodes are isolated from each other via different bandwidths; The master control unit calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain an equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, and calculates the detection amount of the space environment according to the equivalent resistance value of the sensor node; The detection amount of the space environment is obtained by calculating the equivalent resistance of the sensor node, including: ； Among them, R 25 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor at room temperature; R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; A, B, C, D are sensor constants, and T is the detection value of the space environment.

9. The wireless sensing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The master control unit calculates according to the received frequency signal to obtain the equivalent resistance value of the corresponding sensor node, including: ； Among them, R2 is the equivalent resistance of the sensor node; R1 is the matching resistance of the sensor; R a is the first adjustment resistor; R b is the second adjusting resistor; f is the frequency signal received by the master control unit; K is the tuning gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; H is the offset; U is the power supply voltage.

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