Ribbed composite cabin forming die and forming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ribbed composite cabin forming die and a forming method.The ribbed composite cabin forming die comprises a male die and a female die, the male die comprises a small-end flange, a large-end flange and a core die with one large end and the other small end, and the two ends of the core die are locked through the small-end flange and the large-end flange respectively; the core mold comprises a middle core mold and a plurality of outer core molds connected to the periphery of the middle core mold; the female die comprises a positioning tool, a base and a die body detachably connected to the base, a containing cavity is formed between the die body and the base, and the shape of the containing cavity is the same as that of the contour surface of the core die so that the cabin skin laid and attached to the male die can be placed; the positioning tool is detachably connected into the containing cavity and used for installing reinforcing ribs, and when the positioning tool is connected into the containing cavity, the reinforcing ribs on the positioning tool are attached to the cabin skin. And the forming efficiency is improved, and the forming operation difficulty is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material forming, and in particular to a ribbed composite cabin forming die and a forming method. Background Art

[0002] As composite material molding technology becomes increasingly mature, carbon fiber composite materials are widely used in various fields such as aerospace. In order to reduce weight and other requirements, more and more metal parts are made of composites. Then many metal parts made of sheet metal are changed to composite parts, which causes many problems in molding and mold design.

[0003] like Figure 1 The composite parts of the ribbed cabin shown have internal reinforcing ribs, and one end of the cabin is larger than the other end, which will cause problems such as difficulty in laying, demoulding, and positioning of co-bonded / co-cured parts. Based on the above reasons, a mold and molding method for the positive mold to negative mold process of the ribbed composite cabin are designed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a ribbed composite cabin body forming die and forming method, so as to improve the forming efficiency and reduce the difficulty of the forming operation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses a ribbed composite cabin forming mold, comprising: a male mold, comprising a small end flange, a large end flange and a core mold with one end larger than the other end, the two ends of the core mold being locked by the small end flange and the large end flange respectively, the core mold comprising an intermediate core mold and a plurality of outer core molds connected to the outer periphery of the intermediate core mold; a female mold, comprising a positioning tool, a base and a mold body detachably connected to the base, a receiving cavity being formed between the mold body and the base, the shape of the receiving cavity being the same as the shape of the contour surface of the core mold to accommodate the cabin skin laid by the male mold; the positioning tool being detachably connected in the receiving cavity, the positioning tool being used to install reinforcing ribs, and when the positioning tool is connected in the receiving cavity, the reinforcing ribs on the positioning tool are fitted with the cabin skin.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning tooling includes a circumferential reinforcement positioning tooling for installing annular reinforcement ribs and a longitudinal reinforcement positioning tooling for installing longitudinal reinforcement ribs; the circumferential reinforcement positioning tooling and the longitudinal reinforcement positioning tooling are both installed on the positioning tooling connecting rod, and the positioning tooling connecting rod is detachably connected to the base.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning tool includes a longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate, and the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate is provided with a long slot hole along the height direction; screws pass through the long slot hole to install the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate on the base.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an annular preform positioning piece adapted to the shape of the core mold contour surface; the annular preform positioning piece has an outer end face and an inner end face connected to each other, and the hardness of the outer end face is less than the hardness of the inner end face.

[0010] Furthermore, the mold body includes mold body 1 and mold body 2, and mold body 1 and mold body 2 are connected to the base through bolts. Mold body 1 and mold body 2 are connected through bolts, and a receiving cavity is formed between mold body 1, mold body 2 and the base.

[0011] Furthermore, the female mold further includes a plurality of positioning blocks, which are evenly distributed at the ends of the accommodating cavity for positioning the annular preform positioning piece.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer core mold includes an upper core mold, a right core mold, a lower core mold and a left core mold; the upper core mold, the right core mold, the lower core mold and the left core mold are respectively connected around the middle core mold and connected by wedge blocks.

[0013] Furthermore, the two ends of the core mold are connected by screws, a small end flange and a large end flange.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a method for forming a reinforced composite cabin, using the forming mold described in any one of the first aspects, the method comprising: placing a male mold on a support frame, rotating the male mold to lay the composite material to form a cabin skin; removing the small end flange and the large end flange from the core mold, pulling out the middle core mold from the large end, and then moving multiple outer core molds toward the middle and pulling them out from the large end; transferring the cabin skin and fitting it into the accommodating cavity of the female mold; installing a positioning tool into the accommodating cavity, fitting the reinforcement ribs on the positioning tool and the cabin skin, and co-gluing and curing the reinforcement ribs and the cabin skin to form a reinforced composite cabin; removing the positioning tool and the mold body on the base, and taking out the reinforced composite cabin.

[0015] Furthermore, before the reinforcing ribs and the cabin skin are co-glued and cured, the method further includes: installing the annular preform positioning piece into the annular preform; connecting the annular preform positioning piece to the cabin skin, and providing an annular preform positioning group at the end of the accommodating cavity to position the annular preform positioning piece; and curing the annular preform positioning piece and the cabin skin having the annular preform.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the present invention sets a small end flange and a large end flange, which simplifies the paving process and reduces the difficulty of operation caused by complex curved surfaces; the core mold adopts a block design, which is convenient for fine paving in specific areas on the one hand, and helps to solve the problem of local paving. On the other hand, the core mold includes an intermediate core mold and an outer core mold block structure, which is convenient for demoulding and reduces the risk of damage to the finished product; the present invention adopts the form of a male mold and a female mold, first forming the cabin skin by the male mold, and then forming the entire ribbed composite cabin by the female mold, which can accurately install the reinforcement ribs to ensure the accurate fit of the reinforcement ribs to the cabin skin, and solves the positioning problem of co-bonded / co-cured parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a composite part of a cabin with ribs in the background art;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal structural cross-sectional view of the male mold of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the male mold of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the male mold of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the female mold of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure with the phantom removed;

[0023] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Structural diagram of installing reinforcement ribs;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the annular preform positioning member in the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1. Cabin skin; 2. Longitudinal stiffener; 3. Annular stiffener; 4. Annular preform; 11. Upper core mold; 12. Right core mold; 13. Lower core mold; 14. Left core mold; 15. Middle core mold; 16. Small end flange; 17. Large end flange; 18. Locking block one; 19. Locking block two; 21. Mold one; 22. Mold two; 23. Base; 24. Left positioning block; 25. Upper positioning block; 26. Right positioning block; 27. Lower positioning block; 28. Annular stiffener positioning tool; 29. ​​Longitudinal stiffener positioning tool; 210. Positioning tool connecting rod; 211. Screw; 30. Annular preform positioning piece; 301. Outer end face; 302. Inner end face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "inside," and "outside" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the description of the present invention refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0028] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, a ribbed composite cabin forming mold includes a male mold and a female mold, the male mold includes a small end flange 16, a large end flange 17 and a core mold with one end larger than the other end, the two ends of the core mold are locked by the small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 respectively, the core mold includes an intermediate core mold 15 and a plurality of outer core molds connected to the outer periphery of the intermediate core mold 15; the female mold includes a positioning tool, a base 23 and a mold body detachably connected to the base 23, a receiving cavity is formed between the mold body and the base 23, the shape of the receiving cavity is the same as the shape of the core mold contour surface, so as to place the cabin skin 1 laid by the male mold; the positioning tool is detachably connected to the receiving cavity, the positioning tool is used to install reinforcing ribs, and when the positioning tool is connected to the receiving cavity, the reinforcing ribs on the positioning tool are in fit with the cabin skin 1.

[0029] The assembly process of the present invention includes: first, combining the middle core mold 15 with multiple outer core molds to form a core mold with one end larger than the other, and then fixing the small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 to the ends of the core mold. This forms a male mold structure with one end larger than the other and having flanges for subsequent composite material layup.

[0030] Skin Laying: The core mold is placed on existing rotating equipment via the small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17. Composite prepreg or fabric is laid on the core mold surface. The male mold is controlled to rotate to facilitate laying the composite skin at different angles. After laying the appropriate number of layers of composite material, the composite material is cured through heating, pressurization, or other curing processes to form the cabin skin 1. The small and large end flanges are then removed, and the middle core mold is first pulled out from the large end, followed by the outer core mold, to obtain the cabin skin 1.

[0031] Assemble the female mold: install the mold body on the base 23, and ensure that the shape of the accommodating cavity formed between the base 23 and the mold body is consistent with the contour surface shape of the male mold core mold through cavity processing, that is, the cabin skin 1 can be smoothly installed in the accommodating cavity.

[0032] The cabin skin 1 is installed within the cavity. A positioning fixture is then installed inside the cavity, using the ribs on the fixture to securely fit the cabin skin 1. The composite material is cured through heating, pressurization, or other curing processes to form a ribbed composite cabin. After curing, the positioning fixture is removed, and the mold body on the base 23 is dismantled to complete the ribbed composite cabin.

[0033] First, the present invention sets a small end flange 16 and a large end flange 17, and places the male mold on a rotating device, which can easily lay the composite skin at different angles, which greatly simplifies the laying process and reduces the difficulty of operation caused by complex curved surfaces; secondly, the core mold adopts a block design, which, on the one hand, facilitates fine laying in specific areas and helps solve the problem of local laying; on the other hand, the core mold includes an intermediate core mold and an outer core mold block structure, which is convenient for demoulding. First, the intermediate core mold is disassembled from the large end, and then the outer core mold is disassembled, which ensures the effectiveness of demoulding and reduces the risk of damage to the finished product; furthermore, the present invention adopts a male mold and a female mold combination, first forming the cabin skin 1 through the male mold, and then forming the ribbed composite cabin as a whole through the female mold, which can accurately install the reinforcement ribs, ensure the accurate fit of the reinforcement ribs with the cabin skin, and solve the positioning problem of co-bonded / co-cured parts. The present invention also designs a detachable positioning tool, and the position of the reinforcement ribs can be adjusted as needed to ensure a good combination of the reinforcement ribs with the cabin skin. In summary, the present invention improves the laying efficiency of the composite material skin and simplifies the process flow; the block design and rotary laying simplify the laying and demoulding process and reduce the difficulty of operation.

[0034] The present invention is described below by means of a specific embodiment.

[0035] The male mold is used to form the cabin skin 1, and the male mold consists of a middle core mold 15, an outer core mold (upper core mold 11, right core mold 12, lower core mold 13, left core mold 14), a small end flange 16, a large end flange 17, a locking block 18, a locking block 2 19 and standard parts.

[0036] The product is small at one end and large at the other end and has a depression in the middle. It cannot be demoulded directly as a whole after paving and needs to be divided into blocks. According to the inner surface of the product, the cabin skin positive mold paving mold is set to five pieces, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0037] During assembly, with the middle core mold 15 as a reference, the upper core mold 11, the lower core mold 13, the left core mold 14 and the right core mold 12 are installed respectively from the small end to the large end. Each outer core mold is fixed to the middle core mold 15 at the joint by a locking block 18 or a locking block 2 19. Specifically, the locking block 18 and the locking block 2 19 are wedge-shaped, and the outer core mold and the middle core mold 15 are pulled and locked to each other by the locking blocks to ensure that the gap between the outer core mold and the middle core mold 15 meets the use requirements. After the outer core mold and the middle core mold 15 are assembled into a core mold with one end larger than the other, the small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 are installed. The small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 are both provided with a support rod at the center. Specifically, screw holes can be provided at the ends of the outer core mold and the middle core mold 15, and screws are passed through the small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 to perform overall positioning and locking. The paving male mold can be placed on the rack through the support rod at the flange end for rotating paving.

[0038] After the cabin skin 1 is laid and pre-drawn, it needs to be demolded from the laying mold. To demold, first remove the flanges at both ends (small end flange 16 and large end flange 17). Then, remove locking block 18 and locking block 2 19. The middle core mold 15 has a draft angle of approximately two degrees and is pulled out from the small end to the large end. Then, move the upper core mold 11 downward to the center and remove it from the small end to the large end. Move the lower core mold 13 upward to the center and remove it from the small end to the large end. Finally, move the left core mold 14 and the right core mold 12 to the center to demold. After demolding, the cabin skin 1 is obtained.

[0039] Based on the obtained cabin skin 1, a female mold can be used to obtain a ribbed cabin. The female mold consists of mold body 1 21, mold body 22, base 23, annular preform positioning fixture assembly (left positioning block 24, upper positioning block 25, right positioning block 26, lower positioning block 27), circumferential reinforcement rib positioning fixture 28, longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning fixture 99, positioning fixture connecting rod 210, screws 211, and standard parts.

[0040] During use, only mold body 1 21, mold body 2 22, and base 23 are installed; the remaining parts remain unassembled. Specifically, mold body 1 21 and mold body 2 22 are identical in shape and are connected to base 23 via bolts. A receiving cavity is formed between mold body 1 21, mold body 2 22, and base 23. The cabin skin 1 is transferred into the receiving cavity using the scoring lines, and then pre-bag-making and pre-drawing are performed to ensure that the cabin paving component is integrally aligned with the female mold and has a certain degree of hardness.

[0041] After installing the circumferential reinforcement rib positioning fixture 28 and the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning fixture 29 to the positioning fixture connecting rod 210, install the left and right positioning fixture connecting rods 210 to the base 23, and then position the cured product part longitudinal reinforcement rib 2 by fitting it with the positioning surface of the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning fixture 29. Figure 7 As shown; the solidified part annular reinforcement rib 3 is also positioned by the annular reinforcement rib positioning fixture 28, so far, the skin and longitudinal reinforcement ribs, annular reinforcement ribs are combined.

[0042] Furthermore, the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning tooling 29 includes a longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate, which is provided with a long slot hole along the height direction; the screw 211 passes through the long slot hole to install the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate on the base 23, and the height of the longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning plate on the base 23 can be adjusted through the design of the long slot hole.

[0043] When removing the tooling, the longitudinal reinforcing rib 2 will block the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning tooling 29. Twist the screw 211 to slide the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning plate in the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning tooling 29 downward, and the entire positioning assembly can be removed.

[0044] The annular preform 4 assembly requires the manufacture of an annular preform positioning member 30, such as Figure 8 As shown, the annular preform positioning member 30 is L-shaped, conforming to the outer shape of the annular preform 4. The annular preform positioning member 30 has an outer end surface 301 and an inner end surface 302. The outer end surface 301 has a lower hardness than the inner end surface 302. Furthermore, the outer end surface 301 is a soft surface, while the inner end surface 302 is a hard surface. This design ensures that one side in the longitudinal direction is soft and can be deformed, while the other side in the circumferential direction is a hard surface that cannot be deformed.

[0045] First, assemble the annular preform 4 with the annular preform positioning member 30 by directly inserting the annular preform positioning member 30 into the annular preform 4. Then, install the annular preform positioning tooling assembly (left positioning block 24, upper positioning block 25, right positioning block 26, and lower positioning block 27) at the end of the female mold. Furthermore, the left positioning block 24 and right positioning block 26 are screwed to the first mold body 21 and the second mold body 22, respectively. The lower positioning block 27 is mounted on the base 23, and the upper positioning block 25 is connected between the first mold body 21 and the second mold body 22, with four positions limited in the vertical, horizontal, and vertical directions.

[0046] The annular preform positioning tool assembly is used to position the annular preform positioning piece 30, which indirectly positions the annular preform 4. The annular preform positioning piece 30 is soft on one side and hard on the other side, ensuring that both sides can receive pressure during bag making and ensuring that the product will not have quality problems such as damage.

[0047] Based on the molding die of the present invention, the present invention also discloses a molding method, comprising:

[0048] The male mold is placed on a support frame, and the male mold is rotated to lay composite materials to form the cabin skin 1.

[0049] The small end flange 16 and the large end flange 17 are removed from the core mold, the middle core mold 15 is pulled out from the large end, and then the multiple outer core molds are moved toward the middle and pulled out from the large end.

[0050] The cabin skin 1 is transferred and fitted into the accommodating cavity of the female mold.

[0051] Install the positioning fixture into the accommodating cavity so that the reinforcement ribs on the positioning fixture fit in with the cabin skin 1.

[0052] The annular preform positioning member 30 is installed into the annular preform 4 .

[0053] The annular preform positioning member 30 is connected to the cabin skin 1 , and an annular preform positioning group is provided at the end of the accommodating cavity to position the annular preform positioning member 30 .

[0054] The annular preform positioning member 30 having the annular preform 4 , the reinforcement ribs and the cabin skin 1 are solidified.

[0055] Remove the positioning fixture and the mold on the base 23, and take out the ribbed composite cabin.

[0056] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: the cabin skin and the cabin annular preform are co-cured and integrally formed, which ensures the integrity of the molding structure and meets the mechanical properties required by the product. The positive mold is laid and the negative mold is cured. The positive mold laying can reduce the risk of defects such as wrinkles and bridging, and the negative mold curing ensures the roughness of the aerodynamic surface and the shape requirements; the co-curing is designed with a semi-soft and semi-hard annular preform positioning part 30 (a composite process part of uncured non-silicone rubber doped with carbon fiber prepreg), which can not only position the annular preform, but also ensure that the co-cured preform is fully pressurized. The core mold adopts a split structure, and demoulding is simple. The positioning tool is fixedly connected to the molding mold, which is both a molding mold and a gluing tool, and can be used for two purposes, saving costs.

[0057] It is understood from common technical knowledge that the present invention may be implemented by other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are, in all respects, merely illustrative and not exclusive. All modifications within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A ribbed composite cabin forming mold, characterized in that: include: The male mold comprises a small end flange (16), a large end flange (17) and a core mold with one end larger than the other end, the two ends of the core mold being locked by the small end flange (16) and the large end flange (17) respectively, and the core mold comprises a middle core mold (15) and a plurality of outer core molds connected to the outer periphery of the middle core mold (15); The female mold comprises a positioning tool, a base (23), and a mold body detachably connected to the base (23); a receiving cavity is formed between the mold body and the base (23); the shape of the receiving cavity is the same as the shape of the core mold contour surface, so as to accommodate the cabin skin (1) laid by the male mold; the positioning tool is detachably connected in the receiving cavity, and the positioning tool is used to install reinforcing ribs; when the positioning tool is connected in the receiving cavity, the reinforcing ribs on the positioning tool and the cabin skin (1) are fitted.

2. The ribbed composite cabin body forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning tool comprises an annular reinforcement rib positioning tool (28) for installing the annular reinforcement rib (3) and a longitudinal reinforcement rib positioning tool (29) for installing the longitudinal reinforcement rib (2); The annular reinforcing rib positioning tool (28) and the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning tool (29) are both mounted on a positioning tool connecting rod (210), and the positioning tool connecting rod (210) is detachably connected to the base (23).

3. The ribbed composite cabin forming mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning tool (29) comprises a longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning plate, wherein the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning plate is provided with a long slot hole along the height direction; The screws (211) penetrate the long slotted holes to mount the longitudinal reinforcing rib positioning plate on the base (23).

4. The ribbed composite cabin forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an annular preform positioning member (30) that is adapted to the shape of the core mold contour surface; The annular preform positioning piece (30) comprises an outer end surface (301) and an inner end surface (302) which are connected to each other, and the hardness of the outer end surface (301) is smaller than the hardness of the inner end surface (302).

5. The ribbed composite cabin forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold body comprises a mold body 1 (21) and a mold body 2 (22), wherein the mold body 1 (21) and the mold body 2 (22) are connected to a base (23) via bolts, and the mold body 1 (21) and the mold body 2 (22) are connected to each other via bolts, and a receiving cavity is formed between the mold body 1 (21), the mold body 2 (22) and the base (23).

6. The ribbed composite cabin body forming mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The female mold further comprises a plurality of positioning blocks, which are evenly distributed at the end of the accommodating cavity and are used to position the annular preform positioning piece (30).

7. The ribbed composite cabin forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer core mold comprises an upper core mold (11), a right core mold (12), a lower core mold (13) and a left core mold (14); The upper core mold (11), the right core mold (12), the lower core mold (13) and the left core mold (14) are respectively connected to the periphery of the middle core mold (15) and are connected via wedge blocks.

8. The ribbed composite cabin forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the core mold are connected via screws and a small end flange (16) and a large end flange (17).

9. A method for forming a ribbed composite cabin, characterized in that: Using the molding die according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: Placing the male mold on a support frame, rotating the male mold and laying the composite material to form a cabin skin (1); The small end flange (16) and the large end flange (17) are removed from the core mold, the middle core mold (15) is pulled out from the large end, and then the plurality of outer core molds are moved toward the middle and pulled out from the large end; Transferring and attaching the cabin skin (1) to the receiving cavity of the female mold; Installing the positioning fixture into the accommodating cavity, so that the reinforcing ribs on the positioning fixture and the cabin skin (1) are in contact with each other, and the reinforcing ribs and the cabin skin (1) are co-glued and cured to form a ribbed composite cabin; The positioning fixture and the mold body on the base (23) are removed, and the ribbed composite cabin body is taken out.

10. The method for forming a ribbed composite cabin according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the stiffener and the cabin skin (1) are glued together and cured, the method further includes: Installing the annular preform positioning member (30) into the annular preform (4); Connecting the annular preform positioning piece (30) to the cabin skin (1), and providing an annular preform positioning group at the end of the accommodating cavity to position the annular preform positioning piece (30); The annular preform positioning piece (30) having the annular preform (4) and the cabin skin (1) are cured.

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