Fan foundation integrating semi-submersible and stand column type structures, using method and fan system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and provides a fan foundation integrating a semi-submersible structure and a stand column type structure, a using method and a fan system, the fan foundation has the advantages of a stand column type foundation and a semi-submersible type foundation, side stand columns and transverse supports are arranged to be of hollow structures, and ballast filler is arranged at the bottom ends of the side stand columns and in the transverse supports; a passive ballast mode is adopted, so that the bottom end face of the main stand column and the bottom end faces of the side stand columns are located in the same plane, the purpose of stability can be achieved, and the problem that cost is increased due to the fact that the main stand column excessively extends underwater or counterweight equipment is arranged is solved; in addition, the rigidity requirement is guaranteed through the cross-shaped steel plate arranged in the axial direction; the multiple damping plates can reduce scouring of seawater to the side stand columns and improve the inclination resistance in the vertical direction, and the side stand columns are obliquely arranged and matched with the multiple damping plates, so that the stabilization effect in the multiple-freedom-degree direction of heaving, rolling, pitching, yawing and the like can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular relates to a fan foundation, a use method and a fan system integrating a semi-submersible and column-type structure. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the development of onshore and offshore wind power resources has become saturated, and it is an inevitable trend for offshore wind power to move from nearshore to deep sea. In the environmental conditions of deep sea, fixed foundations have obvious disadvantages, while floating foundations have outstanding advantages. Common offshore floating wind power foundations are mainly divided into three categories: tension leg foundation, spar foundation and semi-submersible foundation.

[0003] The advantages of the column foundation are good hydrodynamic performance and adaptability to complex sea areas. Its main disadvantages are that the span of the structural dimensions is too large, which makes it difficult to manufacture and install, and the manufacturing cost is high. The semi-submersible foundation mainly includes columns, buoys and connecting trusses, etc. The buoys are connected to each other by connecting rods to form a whole, and the positioning is completed by a mooring cable system in the form of a catenary. Most of the existing semi-submersible wind turbine foundations adopt the "column, buoy and connecting truss" structure. The columns are short in the water, the overall center of gravity of the wind turbine is high, and the volume of the buoy, which is mainly used to provide buoyancy, is large. In this case, the wave force acting on the foundation is also large, which is easy to produce large-scale longitudinal and transverse motions, and the structural stability is insufficient.

[0004] In order to solve the shortcomings of column-type and semi-submersible types, some technologies have conducted relevant research on the combination of column-type and semi-submersible types. However, the structural dimensions of the columns still need to be extended to a deeper underwater position, or counterweights need to be set to lower the center of gravity of the entire foundation to ensure stability. The structure is relatively complex and the cost is relatively high. At the same time, in some technologies, the outer columns are tilted to improve the damping effect on seawater, and the shaking amplitude is reduced with the help of structures such as the middle columns extending downward. The structure is relatively complex and the stability needs to be improved. In summary, the existing composite wind turbine platforms cannot have the advantages of low cost, simple structure and high stability at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a wind turbine foundation, a method of use and a wind turbine system that integrates semi-submersible and column-type structures, which have the advantages of column-type foundations and semi-submersible foundations. At the same time, by setting the side columns and cross braces as hollow structures, ballast fillers are set at the bottom ends of the side columns and in the cross braces, and passive ballasting is adopted, so that the bottom end faces of the main columns and the bottom end faces of the side columns are located in the same plane, which can meet the purpose of stability, and avoid the problem of excessive extension of the main columns underwater or the increase in cost of setting counterweight equipment; and the side columns and cross braces are arranged in a hollow structure. The cross brace is set as a hollow structure. On the basis of meeting the requirements of setting ballast fillers and reducing costs, the stiffness requirements are guaranteed by the cross steel plates arranged along the axial direction; multiple damping plates are arranged on the inclined side columns. The inclined setting of the side columns can reduce the impact of seawater in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the multiple damping plates can reduce the scouring of seawater on the side columns and improve the anti-tilting ability in the vertical direction. The inclined setting of the side columns in combination with the multiple damping plates can improve the anti-roll effect in multiple degrees of freedom such as heave, roll, pitch and bow.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a wind turbine foundation integrating a semi-submersible and column-type structure, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wind turbine foundation integrating a semi-submersible and column structure, comprising a main column and a plurality of side columns arranged around the main column via cross braces;

[0008] The bottom end surface of the main column and the bottom end surfaces of all the side columns are located in the same plane; each side column is inclined relative to the main column, and each side column is provided with a plurality of damping plates;

[0009] The side columns and the cross braces are configured as hollow structures, and ballast fillers are configured at the bottom ends of the side columns and in the cross braces; cross steel plates are axially configured in the side columns and the cross braces.

[0010] Furthermore, a support rod and an oblique support are provided between the main column and the side column, the support rod is located at the upper end of the main column and the side column, and the cross support is located at the lower end of the main column and the side column; a cross support is connected to the middle position of the oblique support and the lower end of the main column; adjacent side columns are connected by a connecting rod, the connecting rod is a hollow structure, and a ballast filler is provided inside; a cross steel plate is provided axially inside the connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the damping plate is arranged obliquely along the axial direction of the side column, and the damping plate becomes an arc-shaped surface away from the side column; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged along the circumferential direction between the damping plate and the side column.

[0012] Furthermore, the main column includes a cable compartment, a transition compartment connected to the cable compartment, and a ballast compartment connected to the transition compartment.

[0013] Furthermore, the transition tank is an empty tank, and the ballast tank is filled with ballast.

[0014] Furthermore, a cable hole is provided on the cable compartment.

[0015] Furthermore, the ballast filler is iron ore and concrete.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of side columns are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction around the main column, and a mooring cable system is arranged on each side column. The mooring cable system includes a mooring cable connected to the side column and a mooring anchor arranged on the mooring cable.

[0017] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a wind turbine foundation integrating a semi-submersible and column-type structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A method for using a wind turbine foundation that integrates a semi-submersible and column-type structure uses the wind turbine foundation that integrates a semi-submersible and column-type structure as described in the first aspect, comprising: setting the entire foundation at the sea level with the help of the buoyancy of the main columns; providing passive ballast through ballast fillers, and reducing roll through inclined side columns and damping plates.

[0019] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a third aspect, the present invention further provides a fan system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] A wind turbine system comprises a tower and a wind turbine assembly arranged on the tower, wherein the wind turbine assembly is arranged on a wind turbine foundation integrating a semi-submersible structure and a column structure as described in the first aspect.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention has the advantages of column-type foundation and semi-submersible foundation. At the same time, the side columns and the cross braces are set as hollow structures, and ballast fillers are set at the bottom ends of the side columns and in the cross braces. The passive ballast method is adopted to make the bottom end faces of the main columns and the bottom end faces of the side columns in the same plane to meet the purpose of stability, avoiding the problem of excessive extension of the main columns underwater or the increase in cost of setting counterweight equipment; and the side columns and the cross braces are set as hollow structures. On the basis of setting ballast fillers and reducing costs, by setting ballast fillers along the axial direction, the side columns and the cross braces are set as hollow structures. The cross steel plate ensures the rigidity requirement; a plurality of damping plates are arranged on the inclined side columns. The inclined setting of the side columns can reduce the impact of seawater in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the plurality of damping plates can reduce the scouring of the side columns by seawater and improve the anti-tilting ability in the vertical direction. The inclined setting of the side columns and the plurality of damping plates can improve the anti-roll effect in multiple degrees of freedom directions such as heave, roll, pitch and bow. In summary, the wind turbine platform in the present invention has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, strong rigidity and high stability.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, the arrangement of the side columns is inclined relative to the main columns to a certain extent, so as to replace the role of the heave plate structure in the traditional platform form, which can greatly reduce the sway amplitude, and significantly increase the floating height of the entire wind turbine foundation, improve the stability performance of the wind turbine foundation, and simplify the platform design to further reduce the amount of steel used; at the same time, the design of the inclined side columns makes it possible for the platform to increase the drainage volume of the side columns and move the floating center away from the main columns when the platform sways, so that the restoring force is greatly improved compared with the non-inclined side columns; a mooring cable system restraint device is installed at the bottom of the side columns, and the mooring cable system is connected to the mooring cable system restraint device, which has the advantages of both column-type and semi-submersible floating foundation structures, can effectively reduce the heave movement and horizontal rotation of the floating foundation, and has strong adaptability to different water depths. The floating foundation in the present invention has a simple structure, convenient processing, and low steel consumption, which is conducive to promoting the parity and commercialization of deep-sea floating wind turbines.

[0024] 3. In the present invention, the side columns and the bottom connecting rods, diagonal braces and transverse braces, as well as the braces are not divided into compartments, and a hollow tube structure is adopted. At the same time, a cross steel plate is welded in the side columns and the bottom connecting rods, which greatly increases the rigidity of the side columns and the bottom connecting rods and ensures the strength of the structure. At the same time, due to the hollow structure of the side columns and the bottom connecting rods, solid ballast fillers such as iron ore and concrete can be poured into them in whole or in part to achieve passive ballasting of the platform, eliminating the need for facilities such as pump cabins on traditional ballast water platforms, further simplifying the structure and reducing the cost.

[0025] 4. In the present invention, thanks to the hollow tube design of other structures except the main column, the steel consumption of the entire platform can be greatly reduced, so that the material cost of the platform construction is greatly reduced, and ready-made pipe fittings on the market can be used. As for the cross steel plates in the side columns and bottom connecting rods, thanks to the design size of these components, workers can enter them to complete welding operations; most of the buoyancy of the platform is provided by the main columns, so this platform is similar to the column-type foundation and has the characteristic that the center of gravity is lower than the center of buoyancy. The side columns and connecting mechanisms do not provide much buoyancy, and their function is to provide additional restoring torque and resistance when the platform shakes, so that the shaking amplitude of the platform is significantly reduced, and the floating height of the entire wind turbine foundation is significantly increased, and the stability performance of the wind turbine foundation is improved.

[0026] 5. The present invention reduces the amount of steel used in the platform, which inevitably leads to a significant reduction in the overall weight of the platform. At the same time, the height of the platform is increased compared to the traditional semi-submersible platform. This means that when adding solid ballast, the center of gravity of the platform is lowered faster and is easier to control. The range of change of its center of gravity is also larger than that of traditional offshore platforms, and the weight required for ballast is much smaller than that of traditional platforms.

[0027] 6. In the main column compartments of the present invention, the ballast tank at the bottom provides counterweight to lower the center of gravity height of the entire floating wind turbine, and the transition tank is to make up for the insufficient buoyancy of the wind turbine foundation. These cabins have eliminated all unnecessary functions to minimize construction costs.

[0028] 7. In the main column compartments of the present invention, the ballast tank at the bottom provides counterweight to lower the center of gravity of the entire floating wind turbine, and the transition tank is to make up for the insufficient buoyancy of the wind turbine foundation. These compartments have eliminated all unnecessary functions and minimized the construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings in the specification that constitute a part of this embodiment are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The schematic embodiments of this embodiment and their descriptions are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute improper limitations on this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fan according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine foundation structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the damping plate of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a basic top view of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5It is a basic front view of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a basic side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main column structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross steel plate structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fan foundation structure with a damping plate according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Among them, 1. main column; 2. side column; 201. damping plate; 202. reinforcement rib; 3. connecting rod; 4. diagonal brace; 5. brace; 6. cross brace, 7. mooring cable system; 701. mooring cable; 702. mooring anchor; 8. wind turbine; 801. tower; 802. wind turbine assembly; 9. cable compartment; 10. transition compartment; 11. ballast compartment; 12. cable hole; 13. outer wall of side column; 14. ballast filler; 15. cross steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] In order to solve the problem that the current composite fan platform cannot have the advantages of low cost, simple structure and high stability at the same time, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a wind turbine foundation that integrates semi-submersible and column structures, which has the advantages of both column and semi-submersible floating foundation structures, and has the advantages of small heave amplitude, small swing motion, and strong adaptability to water depth. It not only reduces the amount of steel used but also makes the center of gravity lower than the center of buoyancy. The passive ballast method adopted by the platform eliminates the structures such as the pump room required by the traditional ballast water method, simplifies the complexity of the platform, ensures the rigidity and stability of the platform, and provides convenience for construction and manufacturing.

[0044] The wind turbine foundation includes a main column 1, a side column 2, a connecting rod 3, a diagonal brace 4, a brace 5, a horizontal brace 6 and a mooring cable system 7. The main column 1 includes a cable compartment 9, a transition compartment 10 and a ballast compartment 11; a damping plate 201 and a reinforcing rib 202 are provided on the side column 2; and the mooring cable system 7 includes a mooring cable 701 and a mooring anchor 702.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of side columns 2 are arranged around the main column 1; the bottom end surface of the main column 1 and the bottom end surfaces of all side columns 2 are located in the same plane; Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, each side column 2 is inclined relative to the main column 1, and each side column 2 is provided with a plurality of damping plates 201;

[0046] The side columns 1, the connecting rods 3, the diagonal braces 4, the braces 5 and the transverse braces 6 are all configured as hollow structures. Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a ballast filler 14 is provided at the bottom end of the side column 2, in the connecting rod 3 and in the cross brace 6; Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, a cross steel plate 15 is axially arranged inside the side column 1, the connecting rod 3, the diagonal brace 4, the brace rod 5 and the transverse brace 6.

[0047] Specifically, the side column 1, the connecting rod 3, the diagonal brace 4, the support rod 5 and the transverse brace 6 are all configured as hollow structures, and ballast fillers 14 are provided at the bottom end of the side column 2, in the connecting rod 3 and in the transverse brace 6. A passive ballast method is adopted so that the bottom end surface of the main column 1 and the bottom end surface of the side column 2 are located in the same plane to meet the purpose of stability, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive extension of the main column 1 underwater or the increase in cost of setting a counterweight device; and the side column 1, the connecting rod 3, the diagonal brace 4, the support rod 5 and the transverse brace 6 are all configured as hollow structures. In order to meet the setting On the basis of ballast filler 14 and cost reduction, the stiffness requirement is guaranteed by the cross steel plate 15 arranged along the axial direction; a plurality of damping plates 201 are arranged on the inclined side column 2, and the inclined setting of the side column 2 can reduce the impact of seawater in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the plurality of damping plates 201 can reduce the scouring of the side column 2 by seawater and improve the anti-tilting ability in the vertical direction. The inclined setting of the side column 2 and the plurality of damping plates 201 can improve the anti-shake effect in multiple degrees of freedom directions such as heave, roll, pitch and bow; in summary, the wind turbine platform in the present invention can have the advantages of low cost, simple structure, strong stiffness and high stability.

[0048] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the main column is a buoy-type structure with a closed bottom section and an upper section connected to the external sea area; optionally, the main column 1 includes a cable compartment 9, a transition compartment 10 connected to the cable compartment 9, and a ballast compartment 11 connected to the transition compartment 10; a cable hole 12 is provided on the cable compartment 9, and the fan cable transmits electricity through the cable hole 12. The transition compartment 10 is an empty compartment, and the ballast compartment 11 is filled with ballast, such as iron ore and / or concrete;

[0049] Specifically, most of the buoyancy of the platform is provided by the main column 1, so the platform is similar to the column-type foundation and has the characteristic that the center of gravity is lower than the center of buoyancy. The side columns 2 and other connecting mechanisms do not provide much buoyancy, but their function is to provide additional restoring torque and resistance when the platform shakes, so that the shaking amplitude of the platform is significantly reduced, the floating height of the entire wind turbine foundation is significantly increased, and the stability performance of the wind turbine foundation is improved.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support rod 5 and a diagonal support 4 are also provided between the main column 1 and the side column 2, the support rod 5 is located at the upper end of the main column 1 and the side column 2, the cross support 6 and the connecting rod 3 are located at the lower end of the main column 1 and the side column 2; a cross support 6 is also connected between the middle position of the diagonal support 4 and the lower end of the main column 1.

[0051] Specifically, the main column 1 and the upper parts of the side columns 2 are connected by a Y-shaped support rod 5, the bottoms of two adjacent side columns 2 are connected by a triangular-shaped connecting rod 3, the upper part of the main column 1 and the lower part of the side column 2 are connected by a diagonal support 4, and the connecting rod 3 and the diagonal support 4 are connected to the main column 1 by a transverse support 6, and the side columns 2 are tilted outward to a certain extent with the main column 1 as the center. The support rod 5, the diagonal support 4, the connecting rod 3 and the transverse support 6 form a structure similar to a regular pyramid shape when connecting the main column 1 and the side columns 2, which has strong stability.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the damping plate 201 is arranged to be inclined along the axial direction of the side column 2, and the damping plate 201 becomes an arc surface away from the side column 2, which further reduces the impact of water waves on the side column 2 and the damping plate 201 itself; between the damping plate 201 and the side column 2, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 202 are arranged along the circumferential direction to improve the connection stability.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, the ballast filler 14 is iron ore and / or concrete. Specifically, due to the hollow structure of the side column 1 and the connecting rod 3, solid ballast fillers such as iron ore and concrete are poured into all or part of them, so that the passive ballast of the platform can be achieved, eliminating the need for facilities such as pump cabins on traditional ballast water platforms, further simplifying the structure and reducing the cost.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of side columns 2 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction around the main column 1 , and a mooring cable system 7 is provided on each side column 2 . The mooring cable system 7 includes a mooring cable 701 connected to the side column 2 , and a mooring anchor 702 provided on the mooring cable 701 .

[0055] Specifically, a mooring cable system 7 restraint device is installed at the bottom of the side column 2, and the mooring cable system 7 is connected to the mooring cable system restraint device, which has the advantages of both column-type and semi-submersible floating foundation structure forms, can effectively reduce the vertical movement and horizontal rotation of the floating foundation, and has strong adaptability to different water depths.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, when in use, the fan 8 is installed on the main column 1; specifically, the fan 8 includes a tower 801 and a fan assembly 802, and the tower 801 is arranged on the main column 1.

[0057] Embodiment 2:

[0058] The present embodiment provides a method for using a wind turbine foundation that integrates a semi-submersible and column-type structure, using a wind turbine foundation that integrates a semi-submersible and column-type structure as described in Example 1, including: using the buoyancy of the main column 1 to set the entire foundation at the sea level; providing passive ballast through ballast fillers 14, and reducing roll through inclined side columns 2 and damping plates 201.

[0059] Embodiment 3:

[0060] This embodiment provides a wind turbine system, including a tower 801 and a wind turbine assembly 802 arranged on the tower 801. The wind turbine assembly is arranged on a wind turbine foundation that integrates a semi-submersible and column structure as described in Embodiment 1.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment and is not intended to limit the present embodiment. For those skilled in the art, the present embodiment may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment shall be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.

Claims

1. A wind turbine foundation that combines semi-submersible and column structures, characterized in that: It includes a main column, and a plurality of side columns arranged around the main column through cross braces; The bottom end surface of the main column and the bottom end surfaces of all the side columns are located in the same plane; each side column is inclined relative to the main column, and each side column is provided with a plurality of damping plates; The side columns and the cross braces are configured as hollow structures, and ballast fillers are configured at the bottom ends of the side columns and in the cross braces; cross steel plates are axially configured in the side columns and the cross braces.

2. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A support rod and an oblique support are also provided between the main column and the side column, wherein the support rod is located at the upper end of the main column and the side column, and the cross support is located at the lower end of the main column and the side column; a cross support is also connected to the middle position of the oblique support and the lower end of the main column; adjacent side columns are connected by a connecting rod, which is a hollow structure with a ballast filler arranged inside; a cross steel plate is arranged axially inside the connecting rod.

3. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The damping plate is arranged obliquely along the axial direction of the side column, and the damping plate becomes an arc-shaped surface away from the side column; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged along the circumferential direction between the damping plate and the side column.

4. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main column includes a cable compartment, a transition compartment connected to the cable compartment, and a ballast compartment connected to the transition compartment.

5. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The transition tank is an empty tank, and the ballast tank is filled with ballast.

6. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A cable hole is arranged on the cable compartment.

7. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast filler is iron ore and concrete.

8. The wind turbine foundation integrating semi-submersible and column structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of side columns are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction around the main column, and a mooring cable system is arranged on each side column. The mooring cable system comprises a mooring cable connected to the side column and a mooring anchor arranged on the mooring cable.

9. A method for using a wind turbine foundation that combines a semi-submersible and column structure, characterized in that: A wind turbine foundation that combines a semi-submersible and column-type structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising: setting the entire foundation at the sea level with the help of the buoyancy of the main columns; providing passive ballast through ballast fillers, and reducing roll through inclined side columns and damping plates.

10. A fan system, characterized in that: It comprises a tower and a wind turbine assembly arranged on the tower, wherein the wind turbine assembly is arranged on a wind turbine foundation integrating a semi-submersible and a column structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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