Anchoring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an anchoring device and method.The device comprises a tempered pipe, a self-expansion rod body and a connecting sleeve, the interior of the tempered pipe is hollow, a through hole is formed in the outer wall face of the tempered pipe, the first end of the tempered pipe is a closed end, the second end of the tempered pipe is an opening, the first end of the self-expansion rod body is an opening, and the second end of the self-expansion rod body is a closed end; the second end of the tempered pipe is provided with an injection and discharge hole used for injecting or discharging liquid, the connecting sleeve connects the second end of the tempered pipe with the first end of the self-expansion rod body, the end, connected with the tempered pipe, of the connecting sleeve is an opening, a pressure cover is arranged in the end, connected with the self-expansion rod body, of the connecting sleeve, and the pressure cover covers the opening of the first end of the self-expansion rod body. And the device can be damaged under a certain pressure. According to the method, anchoring, drainage and grouting construction procedures are integrated, and anchoring can be well achieved under the condition that the water inflow is large after a water-rich section is excavated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an anchoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] In water-rich and broken surrounding rocks, the anchoring quality of conventional bonded anchor bolts or expansion shell anchor bolts is poor, resulting in the inability to effectively support the strata, which in turn will induce geological disasters such as water and mud inrush. For the construction of this type of surrounding rock, the water expansion anchor bolt has a better anchoring effect.

[0003] Conventional water-expandable anchor bolts mainly play the role of "anchor support", that is, the bolt body is expanded by high-pressure water and then fixed in the surrounding rock, and then the surrounding rock is supported by the support of the pad. However, this single anchor support function cannot effectively deal with the construction difficulties faced by tunnels with water-rich and broken surrounding rocks, such as extremely poor stratum stability and huge water inflow.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with the announcement number CN115045697B discloses a method for using a sleeve expansion type large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod, which includes the following steps: step one: installing the sleeve expansion type large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod; step two: anchor rod support; when the tray is vacated from the surrounding rock surface, the inner rod body is fixed in the borehole by an anchoring agent to provide an axial anchoring force, and the axial anchoring force is provided by the friction force generated by the deformation of the inner rod body and the middle sleeve; the radial anchoring force is provided by the expansion deformation of the hydraulic expansion shell and the close contact between the hydraulic expansion shell and the borehole wall; the surrounding rock is provided with a continuous support force, and the surrounding rock is continuously supported by the sleeve expansion type large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod. The invention has the advantages of being easy to use, being able to simultaneously apply axial and radial prestress, large deformation and grouting to the rod body, and having a wide range of applications.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with the announcement number CN113123817B discloses a method for using a large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor, which includes the following steps: step 1: forming a borehole on the surrounding rock; step 2: placing the large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor into the borehole, injecting water between the hydraulic expansion inner shell and the hydraulic expansion outer shell through the water injection port, so that the hydraulic expansion outer shell is close to the borehole wall and the hydraulic expansion inner shell is close to the inner rod structure, and the inner rod structure is fixed in the borehole through a tray and a nut; the radial expansion of the hydraulic expansion outer shell applies radial prestress to the anchor rod body on the borehole, and the axial prestress of the anchor rod body is applied through the tray and the nut; step 3: when the surrounding rock is deformed, the hydraulic expansion inner shell is forced to expand radially through the inner rod cone head and the cone head expansion shell, so as to achieve large deformation of the anchor rod structure and provide axial and radial support resistance of the large deformation prestressed hydraulic expansion anchor. The present invention has the advantage of being able to simultaneously apply axial and radial prestress to the rod body.

[0006] The above patents are all optimization and improvement of water-expandable anchor rods. Drain holes are drilled on the tunnel wall, anchor rods are installed, anchor support is provided, and grouting pipes are installed for grouting. Each construction process is carried out separately. However, the anchor support function of conventional anchor rods cannot effectively cope with the construction difficulties faced by water-rich and broken rock tunnels, such as extremely poor stratum stability and huge water gushing. Summary of the invention

[0007] One object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring device and method, which can better achieve anchoring even when there is a large amount of water gushing out after excavation in a water-rich area by integrating anchoring, drainage and grouting construction processes.

[0008] According to the present invention, there is provided an anchoring device, comprising: a tempered tube, a self-expanding rod body and a connecting sleeve, all of which are constructed to be hollow inside, the outer wall of the tempered tube is provided with a through hole, and the first end is constructed as a closed end, and the second end is constructed as an opening, the first end of the self-expanding rod body is constructed as an opening, and the second end is provided with an injection and discharge hole for injecting or discharging liquid, the connecting sleeve connects the second end of the tempered tube with the first end of the self-expanding rod body, and the connecting end with the tempered tube is constructed as an opening, and a pressure cap is arranged inside the connecting end with the self-expanding rod body, and the pressure cap covers the opening of the first end of the self-expanding rod body and can be destroyed under a certain pressure.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of through holes are arranged in a plum blossom shape on the outer wall surface of the tempered tube.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the closed end of the tempered tube is tapered.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the closed end of the tempered tube is provided with an anchor head.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the self-expanding rod is in a folded shape.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a pad is further provided at the second end of the self-expanding rod.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the second end of the self-expanding rod body is connected to a pressure pump so as to inject liquid into the interior of the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole.

[0015] The present invention also provides an anchoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Processing anchor holes in the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0017] S2, inserting the second end of the tempered tube into the anchor hole, and connecting the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod body, so as to inject high-pressure liquid into the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole, and when the pressure inside the self-expanding rod body reaches a certain value, self-expanding occurs, so as to fix the self-expanding rod body in the surrounding rock;

[0018] S3, continue to inject high-pressure liquid through the injection and discharge holes. When the internal pressure of the self-expanding rod reaches a certain value, the pressure cap is destroyed, so that the tempered pipe, the connecting sleeve and the self-expanding rod are connected, and the surrounding rock fissure water can enter from the through hole of the tempered pipe, gather in the rod of the tempered pipe, and flow out from the injection and discharge holes along the internal channel;

[0019] S4. Connect the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod body, and inject high-pressure slurry through the injection and discharge holes. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the slurry can penetrate into the formation through the through holes of the tempered pipe.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, after the pressure cap is broken, the injection of high pressure liquid through the injection and discharge hole is stopped.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, before starting step S4, a pressure pump is connected to the mud pot.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0023] According to the present invention, a tempered tube, a self-expanding rod body and a connecting sleeve are provided, all of which are hollow inside. Since a through hole is provided on the outer wall of the tempered pipe, the first end is constructed as a closed end, and the second end is constructed as an opening, the first end of the self-expanding rod body is constructed as an opening, and the second end is provided with an injection and discharge hole for injecting or discharging liquid, the connecting sleeve connects the second end of the tempered pipe with the first end of the self-expanding rod body, and the connecting end thereof with the tempered pipe is constructed as an opening, so that during the anchoring process, high-pressure liquid can be injected into the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole, and anchoring is achieved through the self-expansion of the self-expanding rod body; and since a pressure cap is provided inside the connecting end of the self-expanding rod body, the pressure cap covers the opening of the first end of the self-expanding rod body and can be destroyed under a certain pressure, when high-pressure liquid is injected into the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole and reaches a certain pressure, the pressure cap can be destroyed, so that the interiors of the tempered pipe, the self-expanding rod body and the connecting sleeve will be completely connected, and the surrounding rock fissure water can be collected in the rod body from the through hole on the outer wall of the tempered pipe, and flow out from the injection and discharge hole along the internal channel to achieve drainage. Furthermore, after the drainage is completed, high-pressure slurry is injected through the injection and drainage holes until the inside of the three reaches a certain pressure. The high-pressure slurry can penetrate widely into the formation through the through holes on the outer wall of the tempered pipe to achieve grouting.

[0024] The anchoring device of the present invention can achieve better anchoring even when there is a large amount of water gushing after excavation in a water-rich area by integrating anchoring, drainage and grouting construction. In addition, through this device, only one drilling construction is required to complete the ground reinforcement scheme integrating anchoring, drainage and grouting, omitting a large number of drilling operations, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and effectively improving the water-stopping effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram schematically shows the structure of an anchoring device according to the present invention.

[0026] In the present application, all drawings are schematic drawings, which are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the present invention, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the anchoring device 100 of the present invention includes: a tempered pipe 1, a self-expanding rod body 2 and a connecting sleeve 3. The interior of the tempered pipe 1 is constructed to be hollow, and a plurality of through holes 11 are opened on the outer wall. The first end thereof is constructed to be a closed end for inserting into the anchor hole, and the second end thereof is constructed to be open. The interior of the self-expanding rod body 2 is constructed to be hollow, and the first end thereof is constructed to be open, and the second end thereof is provided with an injection and discharge hole for injecting or discharging liquid. After a certain amount of liquid is injected into the interior of the self-expanding rod body and a certain pressure is reached, the self-expanding rod body can expand. The interior of the connecting sleeve 3 is constructed to be hollow, and the second end of the tempered pipe 1 is connected to the first end of the self-expanding rod body 2. The connecting end with the tempered pipe is constructed to be open, and a pressure cap 21 is provided inside the connecting end with the self-expanding rod body; the pressure cap 21 is used to cover the opening of the first end of the self-expanding rod body 2. The pressure cap 21 can be destroyed under a certain pressure.

[0031] According to the present invention, a tempered tube 1, a self-expanding rod 2, and a connecting sleeve 3 are provided, all of which are hollow inside. Since the outer wall of the tempered tube 1 is provided with a through hole 11, the first end is configured as a closed end, and the second end is configured as an opening, the first end of the self-expanding rod 2 is configured as an opening, and the second end is provided with an injection and discharge hole for injecting or discharging liquid, the connecting sleeve 3 connects the second end of the tempered tube 1 with the first end of the self-expanding rod 2, and the connecting end with the tempered tube 1 is configured as an opening, so that during the anchoring process, high-pressure liquid can be injected into the self-expanding rod 2 through the injection and discharge hole, and anchoring is achieved by the self-expansion of the self-expanding rod 2; and since A pressure cap 21 is provided inside the connecting end of the self-expanding rod body 2. The pressure cap 21 covers the opening of the first end of the self-expanding rod body 2 and can be destroyed under a certain pressure. When a high-pressure liquid is injected into the self-expanding rod body 2 through the injection and drainage holes and reaches a certain pressure, the pressure cap 21 can be destroyed, so that the interiors of the three parts, the tempered pipe 1, the self-expanding rod body 2 and the connecting sleeve 3, are completely connected, and the surrounding rock fissure water can be collected in the rod body from the through holes on the outer wall of the tempered pipe 1, and flow out from the injection and drainage holes along the internal channel to achieve drainage. Furthermore, after the drainage is completed, when high-pressure slurry is injected through the injection and drainage holes until the interiors of the three parts reach a certain pressure, the high-pressure slurry can penetrate widely into the stratum through the through holes on the outer wall of the tempered pipe 1 to achieve grouting.

[0032] The anchoring device of the present invention can achieve better anchoring even when there is a large amount of water gushing after excavation in a water-rich area by integrating anchoring, drainage and grouting construction. In addition, through this device, only one drilling construction is required to complete the ground reinforcement scheme integrating anchoring, drainage and grouting, omitting a large number of drilling operations, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and effectively improving the water-stopping effect.

[0033] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of through holes 11 formed on the outer wall of the tempered tube 1 are arranged in a plum blossom shape.

[0034] According to the present invention, the plurality of through holes 11 formed on the outer wall of the tempered pipe 1 are arranged in a plum blossom shape, which facilitates the slurry to penetrate widely from the tempered pipe 1 into the stratum during the grouting process.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, the closed end of the tempered tube 1 is in a conical structure, so as to facilitate insertion into the anchor hole.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, the closed end of the tempered tube 1 is provided with an anchor head (not shown).

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the cross section of the self-expanding rod body 2 is in a folded shape, so that the expansion rod body 2 can be expanded after a certain amount of liquid is injected into the interior and a certain pressure is reached.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, a pad (not shown) is further disposed at the second end of the self-expanding rod body 2 .

[0039] In one or more embodiments, a pressure pump (not shown) is connected to the second end of the self-expanding rod body 2 to inject high-pressure liquid into the interior of the self-expanding rod body 2 through the injection and discharge holes.

[0040] Based on the above anchoring device 100, the present invention further provides an anchoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. An anchor hole of a certain length is machined in the tunnel surrounding rock; specifically, the anchor hole can be machined by a drilling machine.

[0042] S2, inserting the second end of the tempered pipe 1 into the anchor hole, and connecting the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod body 2, so as to inject high-pressure liquid into the self-expanding rod body 2 through the injection and discharge hole, and when the pressure inside the self-expanding rod body 2 reaches P1, self-expanding occurs, so as to fix the self-expanding rod body 2 in the surrounding rock;

[0043] S3, continue to inject high-pressure liquid through the injection and discharge holes. When the internal pressure of the self-expanding rod body 2 reaches P2 (P2>P1), the pressure cap 21 is destroyed, so that the tempered pipe 1, the connecting sleeve 3 and the self-expanding rod body 2 are completely connected, and a through channel is formed inside the three. The surrounding rock fissure water will be collected in the rod body of the tempered pipe 1 from the through hole 11 of the tempered pipe 1, and flow out from the injection and discharge holes along the internal channel; it should be noted that after the pressure cap 21 is destroyed, the injection of high-pressure liquid through the injection and discharge holes can be stopped;

[0044] S4, connect the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod 2, and inject high-pressure slurry through the injection and discharge holes. When the pressure reaches P3, the slurry will penetrate into the formation through the through hole 11 of the tempered pipe 1. It should be noted that before starting step S4, the pressure pump is connected to the slurry tank.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An anchoring device, comprising: The interior is constructed as a hollow tempered tube, a self-expanding rod body and a connecting sleeve. The outer wall of the tempered tube is provided with a through hole, and the first end is configured as a closed end, and the second end is configured as an opening. The first end of the self-expanding rod body is configured as an opening, and the second end is provided with an injection and discharge hole for injecting or discharging liquid. The connecting sleeve connects the second end of the tempered tube with the first end of the self-expanding rod body. The connecting end with the tempered tube is constructed as an opening. A pressure cap is provided inside the connecting end with the self-expanding rod body. The pressure cap covers the opening of the first end of the self-expanding rod body and can be destroyed under a certain pressure.

2. The anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of through holes are arranged in a plum blossom shape on the outer wall surface of the tempered tube.

3. The anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed end of the tempered tube is tapered.

4. The anchoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The closed end of the tempered pipe is provided with an anchor head.

5. The anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the self-expanding rod is in a folded shape.

6. The anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the self-expanding rod body is also provided with a pad.

7. The anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the self-expanding rod body is connected to a pressure pump so as to inject liquid into the interior of the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole.

8. An anchoring method comprising the following steps: S1. Processing anchor holes in the tunnel surrounding rock; S2, inserting the second end of the tempered tube into the anchor hole, and connecting the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod body, so as to inject high-pressure liquid into the self-expanding rod body through the injection and discharge hole, and when the pressure inside the self-expanding rod body reaches a certain value, self-expanding occurs, so as to fix the self-expanding rod body in the surrounding rock; S3, continue to inject high-pressure liquid through the injection and discharge holes. When the internal pressure of the self-expanding rod reaches a certain value, the pressure cap is destroyed, so that the tempered pipe, the connecting sleeve and the self-expanding rod are connected, and the surrounding rock fissure water can enter from the through hole of the tempered pipe, gather in the rod of the tempered pipe, and flow out from the injection and discharge holes along the internal channel; S4. Connect the pressure pump to the second end of the self-expanding rod body, and inject high-pressure slurry through the injection and discharge holes. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the slurry can penetrate into the formation through the through holes of the tempered pipe.

9. The anchoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S3 also includes: after the pressure cover is destroyed, stopping the injection of high-pressure liquid through the injection and discharge hole.

10. The anchoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before starting step S4, a pressure pump is connected to the slurry pot.

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