Coal mine thick and hard roof upward ultra-deep hole blasting energy-gathered grain structure and combined grain

Abstract

The coal mine thick and hard roof upward ultra-deep hole blasting energy-gathered grain structure comprises a grain body, a first connecting assembly is arranged at the top end of the grain body, and a second connecting assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the grain body; a clamping table is arranged at the top end of the first connecting assembly, and a clamping jaw capable of being connected with the clamping table in a matched mode is arranged at the bottom end of the second connecting assembly. The first connecting assembly and the third connecting assembly are each provided with an anti-skid claw used for making contact with the inner wall of a blast hole to achieve the anti-skid effect. The invention further discloses an upward ultra-deep hole blasting energy-gathered combined grain for the thick and hard coal mine roof. According to the explosive column structure, through the arrangement of the anti-skid claws, the explosive column structure can be fixed to the inner wall of a blast hole, the probability that the explosive column structure slides down in the blast hole is reduced, and then the blasting effect is improved; and through the arrangement of the first connecting assemblies and the second connecting assemblies, the adjacent grain bodies can be connected in a buckled mode, the generation probability of the distance between the adjacent grains is reduced, and the upward ultra-deep hole blasting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine blasting, and in particular relates to a concentrated charge column structure and a combined charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of coal resource mining, the control of thick hard roof is one of the main technical difficulties. Under the disturbance of underground mining stress, the thick hard roof is very likely to cause strong mine pressure, strong mine earthquake, rock burst, coal and gas outburst and other mining disasters. Ultra-deep hole blasting is a very important means of blasting and weakening thick hard roof. It can reduce the concentration of surrounding rock stress, release a large amount of elastic energy accumulated in the surrounding rock, and significantly reduce the dynamic load of high-energy mine earthquake on the tunnel / mining site. It plays an important role in the prevention and control of rock burst and strong mine earthquake of thick hard roof, and is currently the most effective way to solve the problem of dynamic disasters after hard roof.

[0003] However, since the depth of the blasthole for upward ultra-deep hole blasting is generally tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, and the rock hole wall is slippery, it is difficult to fix the upward ultra-deep hole blasting charge in the blasthole, which easily causes the asynchronous sliding of the blasting charge, and then causes a certain gap between individual charge columns. When the gap reaches a certain length, it will cause the propagation of the detonation wave in the charge column to be interrupted, resulting in incomplete explosion of the charge column, and even most of the blasthole will refuse to explode.

[0004] Therefore, in order to reduce the probability of the upward ultra-deep hole blasting charge column on the thick and hard roof of coal mines sliding down in the blasthole and the probability of the distance between adjacent charge columns, thereby preventing the interruption of the propagation of the detonation wave in the charge column in the blasthole and improving the effect of upward ultra-deep hole blasting, it is very necessary to develop the structure of the concentrated charge column and the combined charge column for upward ultra-deep hole blasting on the thick and hard roof of coal mines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a concentrated charge column structure and a combined charge column for blasting ultra-deep holes on thick hard roof of coal mines.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The structure of the shaped charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole upward on a thick hard roof of a coal mine comprises a charge column body, wherein a first connecting component is arranged at the top end of the charge column body and a second connecting component is arranged at the bottom end;

[0008] A clamping platform is arranged at the top end of the first connecting component, and a clamping claw capable of being adapted and connected with the clamping platform is arranged at the bottom end of the second connecting component;

[0009] The first connecting assembly and the third connecting assembly are both provided with anti-skid claws for contacting the inner wall of the blast hole to achieve an anti-skid effect.

[0010] Preferably, the drug column body comprises a drug column shell having a cylindrical structure;

[0011] A blocking top plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the medicine column housing, and the top surface of the blocking top plate is a concave conical surface structure;

[0012] A blocking bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the medicine column housing, and the bottom end surface of the blocking bottom plate is an outward convex conical surface structure that can be adapted and plugged with the inward concave conical surface of the blocking top plate.

[0013] Preferably, the cone angle of the concave conical surface of the sealing top plate is 45° or 60°.

[0014] Preferably, the medicine column shell and the blocking bottom plate are made of PVC material, and the blocking top plate is made of metal copper.

[0015] Preferably, the first connecting assembly comprises a first connecting sleeve which is plugged into and matched with the top of the medicine column body;

[0016] The clamping platform is arranged at the top end of the first connecting sleeve, the outer side wall of the clamping platform is a frustum structure with a thin top and a thick bottom, and the bottom end surface of the clamping platform is a circular ring structure.

[0017] Preferably, the second connecting assembly comprises a second connecting sleeve which is plugged into and matched with the bottom of the medicine column body;

[0018] The bottom end of the second connecting sleeve is evenly provided with three claws along the circumferential direction.

[0019] Preferably, at least two first connection holes are arranged on the first connection sleeve along the axial direction and vertically penetrate the wall surface, and the central axes of all the first connection holes are arranged to be spatially crossed;

[0020] The medicine column housing is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes adapted to the first connecting holes;

[0021] Steel wires are fixedly arranged in the matching first limiting holes and first connecting holes to form anti-slip claws.

[0022] Preferably, the second connecting sleeve is provided with at least two second connecting holes that vertically penetrate the wall surface in the axial direction, and the central axes of all the second connecting holes are spatially cross-arranged;

[0023] The medicine column housing is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes adapted to the second connecting holes;

[0024] Steel wires are fixedly arranged in the matching second limiting holes and second connecting holes to form anti-slip claws.

[0025] Preferably, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are made of PVC material.

[0026] The present invention also provides a concentrated combined charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine.

[0027] A combined charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine, including several structures of a combined charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine;

[0028] Between adjacent medicine column bodies, the convex conical surface at the bottom end of the upper medicine column body is adapted to the concave conical surface at the top end of the lower medicine column body, and the claw in the second connecting component at the bottom end of the upper medicine column body is snap-fitted with the convex in the first connecting component at the top end of the lower medicine column body;

[0029] The detonator is embedded in the body of the lowermost charge column.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) In the present invention, the charge column structure can be fixed to the inner wall of the blast hole by the provision of the anti-slip claws, thereby reducing the probability of the charge column structure sliding down in the blast hole, thereby improving the blasting effect; at the same time, the anti-slip claws in the present application also play the role of connecting the charge column body, the first connecting component, and the charge column body and the second connecting component; the provision of the first connecting component and the second connecting component in the present application can enable snap-fit ​​connection between adjacent charge column bodies, on the one hand, realizing the connection between multiple charge column bodies, reducing the probability of generating spacing between adjacent charge columns, preventing the interruption of detonation wave propagation in the charge column in the blast hole, and improving the upward ultra-deep hole blasting effect; on the other hand, the snap-fit ​​connection method is simple and fast.

[0032] (2) In the present invention, the concave conical surface on the top surface of the plugging top plate forms an energy-gathering groove, which can form an energy-gathering jet to obtain an energy-gathering effect. Based on the energy-gathering jet principle, when the charge column in the upper ultra-deep blast hole is discontinuous, the energy-gathering jet of the bottom charge column generates energy concentration at the axis of the blast hole, which will ensure that the adjacent charge column can be reliably detonated when there is a certain large gap; the plugging top plate is made of metal copper, thereby forming a thin-walled metal cover, and the jet formed has an enhanced ability to penetrate the target plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the shaped charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Chinese medicine column body of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3is an axial cross-sectional view of the Chinese medicine column body of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connection component in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is an axial cross-sectional view of the first connecting assembly in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second connection component in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is an axial cross-sectional view of the second connecting assembly in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second connecting component and the steel wire in the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the energy-gathering effect of the energy-gathering groove formed by the concave conical surface on the top end surface of the plugging top plate in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a concentrated charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole on a thick hard roof of a coal mine according to the present invention;

[0044] in:

[0045] 1- drug column body, 11- drug column shell, 12- blocking top plate, 13- blocking bottom plate, 14- first limiting hole, 15- second limiting hole;

[0046] 2-first connecting assembly, 21-card platform, 22-first connecting sleeve, 23-first connecting hole;

[0047] 3-second connecting assembly, 31-claw, 32-second connecting sleeve, 33-second connecting hole;

[0048] 4-anti-slip claws, 41-steel wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0051] In the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention. They do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0052] In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that the connection can be fixed, integral or detachable; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field can determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances, and they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0053] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, a structure of a concentrated charge column for blasting an ultra-deep hole upward on a thick hard roof of a coal mine comprises a charge column body 1, a first connecting component 2 is arranged at the top end of the charge column body 1, and a second connecting component 3 is arranged at the bottom end;

[0056] A clamping platform 21 is disposed at the top end of the first connecting component 2, and a clamping claw 31 capable of adapting and connecting with the clamping platform 21 is disposed at the bottom end of the second connecting component 3;

[0057] The first connecting component 2 and the third connecting component 3 are both provided with anti-skid claws 4 for contacting the inner wall of the blast hole to achieve an anti-skid effect.

[0058] Preferably, Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the drug column body 1 includes a drug column shell 11 in a cylindrical structure;

[0059] A blocking top plate 12 is fixedly disposed on the top of the drug column housing 11, and the top surface of the blocking top plate 12 is a concave conical surface structure;

[0060] A blocking bottom plate 13 is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the drug column housing 11 , and the bottom end surface of the blocking bottom plate 13 is an outward convex conical surface structure that can be adapted and plugged with the inward concave conical surface of the blocking top plate 12 .

[0061] Preferably, the cone angle of the concave conical surface of the blocking top plate 12 is 45° or 60°.

[0062] Preferably, the drug column housing 11 and the blocking bottom plate 13 are made of PVC material, and the blocking top plate 12 is made of metal copper.

[0063] Normally, after the explosive explodes, the explosion products basically fly outward along the normal direction of the explosive surface under high temperature and high pressure, while in the case of focused energy, the detonation energy is concentrated in one direction. Therefore, the focused energy effect (also known as the Monroe effect) can greatly enhance the local effect of the explosion in one direction. In the present application, the concave conical surface of the top surface of the plugging top plate 12 forms a focused energy groove, which can form a focused energy jet to obtain a focused energy effect, such as Fig. 9 As shown. When the bottom end of the charge body 1 is detonated, the effect of the explosion energy-gathering effect along the axis direction of the energy-gathering groove is quite strong, and the energy is much higher than other directions of the charge. In the present application, the plugging top plate 12 is made of metal copper to form a thin-walled metal cover, and the jet formed by this charge has enhanced perforation ability on the target plate. Based on the principle of energy-gathering jet, when the charge in the upper ultra-deep blast hole is discontinuous, the energy-gathering jet of the bottom charge generates energy concentration on the axis of the blast hole, which will ensure that the adjacent charge can be reliably detonated when there is a certain large gap.

[0064] Preferably, Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting assembly 2 includes a first connecting sleeve 22 that is plugged into the top of the medicine column body 1; specifically, after the first connecting sleeve 22 is plugged into the medicine column body 1, a fixed connection is achieved by applying glue to prevent dislocation;

[0065] The clamping platform 21 is arranged at the top of the first connecting sleeve 22 . The outer wall of the clamping platform 21 is a frustum structure with a thin top and a thick bottom. The bottom end surface of the clamping platform 21 is a toroidal structure.

[0066] Preferably, Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown, the second connecting assembly 3 includes a second connecting sleeve 32 which is plugged into and matched with the bottom of the medicine column body 1;

[0067] The bottom end of the second connecting sleeve 32 is evenly provided with three claws 31 along the circumferential direction.

[0068] Preferably, at least two first connection holes 23 are arranged on the first connection sleeve 22 along the axial direction and vertically penetrate the wall surface, and the central axes of all the first connection holes 23 are arranged to be spatially crossed;

[0069] The drug column housing 11 is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes 14 adapted to the first connecting holes 23;

[0070] The steel wires 41 are fixedly arranged in the matched first limiting holes 14 and the first connecting holes 23 to form the anti-slip claws 4. Specifically, after the steel wires 41 are installed, the steel wires 41 are fixed by applying glue, and the lengths of the steel wires 41 protruding from the first connecting sleeve 22 are equal.

[0071] Preferably, at least two second connection holes 23 are arranged on the second connection sleeve 32 along the axial direction and vertically penetrate the wall surface, and the central axes of all the second connection holes 33 are arranged to be spatially crossed;

[0072] The drug column housing 11 is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes 15 adapted to the second connecting holes 33;

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, the steel wires 41 are fixedly arranged in the matched second limiting holes 15 and the second connecting holes 33 to form the anti-slip claws 4. Specifically, after the steel wires 41 are installed, the steel wires 41 are fixed by applying glue, and the lengths of the steel wires 41 protruding from the second connecting sleeve 32 are equal.

[0074] Preferably, the first connecting component 2 and the second connecting component 3 are made of PVC material.

[0075] In Example 1, the medicine column shell 11 and the blocking bottom plate 13 are cast in a mold as one piece, the top of the medicine column shell 11 is inserted into the first connecting component 2, and the first connecting hole 23 and the first limiting hole 14 are adapted and aligned, and then the steel wire 41 is inserted into the aligned first limiting hole 14 and the first connecting hole 23, wherein the length of each steel wire 41 protruding from the first connecting sleeve 22 is equal, and then the medicine column shell 11 and the first connecting sleeve 22 are fixedly connected by glue, and the glue is applied to fix the steel wire 41 on the first connecting component 2; the second connecting component 3 is inserted into the medicine column The bottom end of the shell 11 is aligned with the second limiting hole 15 and the second connecting hole 33, and then the steel wire 41 is inserted into the aligned second limiting hole 15 and the second connecting hole 33, wherein the length of each steel wire 41 protruding from the second connecting sleeve 32 is equal, and then the explosive column shell 11 and the second connecting sleeve 32 are fixedly connected by glue, and the glue is applied to fix the steel wire 41 on the second connecting component 3; then the explosive column shell 11 is loaded with explosives, and finally the sealing top plate 12 is glued to the top of the explosive column shell 11 to realize the installation of the explosive column structure without detonators.

[0076] For a charge column structure that needs to be equipped with detonators, it is necessary to place the detonators inside the charge column shell 11 before applying glue to fix them. After arranging the detonators according to actual needs, the detonator leads are led out of the shell through the aligned first limiting holes 14, first connecting holes 23 or second limiting holes 15, second connecting holes 33. In order to prevent the detonator leads and the steel wire 41 from getting entangled, it is necessary to use a utility knife to enlarge the radius of the corresponding hole where the leads pass through.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] The blasting of super-deep holes with concentrated charge on the thick hard roof of coal mines, such as Fig.10 As shown, it includes several structures of shaped charge columns for blasting ultra-deep holes on thick hard roof of coal mine in embodiment 1;

[0079] Between adjacent drug column bodies 1, the convex conical surface at the bottom end of the upper drug column body 1 is adapted to the concave conical surface at the top end of the lower drug column body 1, and the claw 31 in the second connecting component 3 at the bottom end of the upper drug column body 1 is snap-fitted with the convex 21 in the first connecting component 2 at the top end of the lower drug column body 1;

[0080] A detonator is pre-buried in the main body 1 of the charge column at the bottom.

[0081] In Example 2, adjacent drug column structures are snap-connected via the claws 31 and the protrusions 21, and assembly is simple and quick.

[0082] In the present application, the charge column structure can be fixed on the inner wall of the blast hole by setting the anti-slip claw 4, reducing the probability of the charge column structure sliding down in the blast hole, thereby improving the blasting effect; at the same time, the anti-slip claw 4 in the present application also plays the role of connecting the charge column body 1, the first connecting component 2, and the charge column body 1, the second connecting component 3. The setting of the first connecting component 2 and the second connecting component 3 in the present application can make the adjacent charge column bodies 1 snap-connected, on the one hand, realize the connection between multiple charge column bodies 1, reduce the probability of generating spacing between adjacent charge columns, prevent the interruption of the propagation of the detonation wave in the charge column in the blast hole, and improve the upward ultra-deep hole blasting effect, on the other hand, the snap-connection connection method is simple and fast.

[0083] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure of shaped charge column for blasting ultra-deep holes on thick hard roof of coal mine, characterized in that: It comprises a medicine column body, wherein a first connecting component is arranged at the top end of the medicine column body and a second connecting component is arranged at the bottom end; A clamping platform is arranged at the top end of the first connecting component, and a clamping claw capable of being adapted and connected with the clamping platform is arranged at the bottom end of the second connecting component; The first connecting assembly and the third connecting assembly are both provided with anti-skid claws for contacting the inner wall of the blast hole to achieve an anti-skid effect.

2. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drug column body comprises a drug column shell in a cylindrical structure; A blocking top plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the medicine column housing, and the top surface of the blocking top plate is a concave conical surface structure; A blocking bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the medicine column housing, and the bottom end surface of the blocking bottom plate is an outward convex conical surface structure that can be adapted and plugged with the inward concave conical surface of the blocking top plate.

3. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The cone angle of the concave conical surface of the sealing top plate is 45° or 60°.

4. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The medicine column shell and the plugging bottom plate are made of PVC material, and the plugging top plate is made of metal copper.

5. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting assembly includes a first connecting sleeve that is plugged into and matched with the top of the medicine column body; The clamping platform is arranged at the top end of the first connecting sleeve, the outer side wall of the clamping platform is a frustum structure with a thin top and a thick bottom, and the bottom end surface of the clamping platform is a circular ring structure.

6. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting assembly includes a second connecting sleeve that is plugged into and matched with the bottom of the medicine column body; The bottom end of the second connecting sleeve is evenly provided with three claws along the circumferential direction.

7. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The first connecting sleeve is provided with at least two first connecting holes which are vertically penetrated through the wall surface along the axial direction, and the central axes of all the first connecting holes are spatially intersected; The medicine column housing is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes adapted to the first connecting holes; Steel wires are fixedly arranged in the matching first limiting holes and first connecting holes to form anti-slip claws.

8. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The second connecting sleeve is provided with at least two second connecting holes which are vertically penetrated through the wall surface along the axial direction, and the central axes of all the second connecting holes are spatially intersected; The medicine column housing is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes adapted to the second connecting holes; Steel wires are fixedly arranged in the matching second limiting holes and second connecting holes to form anti-slip claws.

9. The structure of shaped charge column for ultra-deep hole blasting on thick hard roof of coal mine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting component and the second connecting component are made of PVC material.

10. A composite charge column for blasting ultra-deep holes on thick hard roof of coal mines, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of shaped charge column structures for blasting ultra-deep holes on a thick hard roof of a coal mine as described in any one of claims 2 to 9; Between adjacent medicine column bodies, the convex conical surface at the bottom end of the upper medicine column body is adapted to the concave conical surface at the top end of the lower medicine column body, and the claw in the second connecting component at the bottom end of the upper medicine column body is snap-fitted with the convex in the first connecting component at the top end of the lower medicine column body; A detonator is pre-buried in the body of the charge at the bottom.

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