Preparation method and use method of combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical measurement, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode. A water-retaining structure is firstly prepared, and a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode main body and a water-retaining salt bridge structure are respectively manufactured by utilizing the water-retaining structure; the water retention type copper sulfate reference electrode main body and the water retention type salt bridge structure are connected to form the combined water retention type copper sulfate reference electrode. The semi-solid water retention type copper sulfate reference electrode is finally formed based on the water retention structure, the solution absorber absorbs the copper sulfate saturated solution to form the semi-solid water retention structure, a traditional liquid copper sulfate saturated solution is replaced, no flowing solution exists in the cylindrical cavity, the solution seepage amount is effectively reduced, and the service life of the reference electrode is prolonged. Meanwhile, the first cation exchange resin of the water retention type copper sulfate reference electrode main body and the second cation exchange resin of the water retention type salt bridge structure effectively prevent external chloride ions from permeating, prevent the external chloride ions from polluting the reference electrode, and improve the potential measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical measurement, and in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode. Background Art

[0002] The reference electrode is an electrode used as a reference when measuring the potential of various electrodes. The electrode to be measured and the reference electrode with a precisely known electrode potential value constitute a measurement system. By measuring the electromotive force value, the electrode potential of the electrode to be measured can be calculated. The copper sulfate reference electrode is one of the most common reference electrodes and is widely used in the potential measurement of metal structures in soil environments.

[0003] The currently prepared copper sulfate reference electrode is composed of a semi-permeable plug (wooden plug, ceramic plug, etc.), a cavity, a copper sulfate solution, and a copper rod. The traditional copper sulfate reference electrode has a copper sulfate aqueous solution in the cavity structure. As the use time increases, the solution will continue to seep out. When the solution volume is reduced to a certain extent, it will cause the potential of the copper sulfate reference electrode to drift, affecting the accuracy of the potential measurement. In addition, the currently prepared copper sulfate reference electrode cannot be used in a high chloride ion environment. When encountering a high chloride ion environment, chloride ions will enter the copper sulfate solution through the semi-permeable plug of the reference electrode, contaminating the copper sulfate solution, reducing the purity of the solution, and causing inaccurate potential measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a preparation method and a use method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, which are used to solve the defects that the copper sulfate reference electrode prepared in the prior art is prone to solution leakage or contamination by external ions, resulting in inaccurate potential measurement.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, comprising steps 101 to 104.

[0006] Step 101: Arrange a solution absorber in a columnar cavity to form a water-retaining structure.

[0007] Step 102: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a copper rod electrode is inserted into the solution absorber, a saturated copper sulfate solution is injected into the cylindrical cavity, and a first cation exchange resin is fixed at the end of the cylindrical cavity away from the copper rod electrode to prepare a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body.

[0008] Step 103: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a saturated electrolyte solution is injected into the columnar cavity, and a second cation exchange resin is fixed at one end of the columnar cavity to form a water-retaining salt bridge structure.

[0009] Step 104: Connect the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body prepared in step 102 and the water-retaining salt bridge structure prepared in step 103 to form a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0010] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, the solution absorber is a highly water-absorbent resin, and the highly water-absorbent resin is filled in the columnar cavity to form the solution absorber.

[0011] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, step 101 also includes: filling fluff pulp at positions at both ends of the solution absorber in the cylindrical cavity, so as to form anti-leakage bodies at both ends of the solution absorber through the fluff pulp.

[0012] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, the process of preparing a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body in step 102 is as follows: taking the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, inserting one end of the copper rod electrode into the solution absorber, and extending the other end to the outside of the cylindrical cavity; injecting a saturated copper sulfate solution into the cylindrical cavity, absorbing the injected saturated copper sulfate solution through the solution absorber, and the saturated copper sulfate solution absorbed by the solution absorber surrounds the copper rod electrode, so that the solution absorber forms a semi-solid structure in the cylindrical cavity; fixing a first cation exchange resin at the end of the cylindrical cavity away from the copper rod electrode, and blocking the end of the cylindrical cavity with the first cation exchange resin.

[0013] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, the process of preparing a water-retaining salt bridge structure in step 103 is as follows: taking the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, injecting a saturated electrolyte solution into the columnar cavity, absorbing the injected saturated electrolyte solution through the solution absorber, so that the solution absorber forms a semi-solid structure in the columnar cavity; fixing a second cation exchange resin at one end of the columnar cavity, and sealing the end of the columnar cavity with the second cation exchange resin.

[0014] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, the saturated electrolyte solution is one of a saturated sodium chloride solution, a saturated potassium chloride solution or a saturated sodium sulfide solution.

[0015] According to a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, the process of forming the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode in step 104 is as follows: connecting one end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body on which the first cation exchange resin is fixed to an end of a water-retaining salt bridge structure away from the second cation exchange resin; removably connecting an upper protective cover to one end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body on which the copper rod electrode is inserted, and the copper rod electrode is passed through and fixed to the upper protective cover; and removably connecting a lower protective cover to one end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure on which the second cation exchange resin is fixed.

[0016] According to a preparation method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, one end of the cylindrical cavity is provided with an internal thread, and the other end is provided with an external thread; the upper protective cover includes a cover part and a connecting part arranged on one side of the cover part, and the outer periphery of the connecting part is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the end of the cylindrical cavity of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with the internal thread; the lower protective cover is a cylindrical cover body with an internal thread, and the lower protective cover is threadedly connected to the end of the cylindrical cavity of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided with the external thread through the internal internal thread; the end of the cylindrical cavity of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with the external thread and the end of the cylindrical cavity of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided with the internal thread are threadedly connected.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, which is suitable for using a copper sulfate reference electrode prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode to perform potential measurement on a metal structure, including potential measurement in a low chloride ion environment and potential measurement in a high chloride ion environment.

[0018] In the scenario of low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled, and the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is used for potential measurement; in the scenario of high chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode is used for potential measurement.

[0019] According to a method for using a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention, when performing potential measurement in a low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled; the first cation exchange resin of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is soaked in pure water to make the ion exchange channel of the first cation exchange resin smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is inserted into the soil to make the first cation exchange resin after soaking fully contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed through the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body.

[0020] When performing potential measurement in a high chloride ion environment, pure water is used to soak the first cation exchange resin of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the second cation exchange resin of the water-retaining salt bridge structure, so that the ion exchange channels of the first cation exchange resin and the second cation exchange resin are smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the water-retaining salt bridge structure is inserted into the soil so that the soaked second cation exchange resin is in full contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed through the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0021] The preparation method and use method of the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention are based on the water-retaining structure so that the copper sulfate reference electrode finally formed is a semi-solid water-retaining reference electrode, and the solution absorber absorbs the copper sulfate saturated solution to form a semi-solid water-retaining structure, replacing the traditional liquid copper sulfate saturated solution, so that there is no flowing solution in the cylindrical cavity, which can effectively reduce the amount of aqueous solution seepage and improve the life of the reference electrode. At the same time, a first cation exchange resin is set at the lower end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body, and a second cation exchange resin is set at the lower end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure. The two layers of cation exchange resin effectively prevent the penetration of external chloride ions, prevent the external chloride ions from contaminating the reference electrode, and improve the accuracy of potential measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water retention structure provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode main body provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1, cylindrical cavity; 2, solution absorber; 3, copper rod electrode; 4, first cation exchange resin; 5, second cation exchange resin; 6, anti-leakage body; 7, upper protective cover; 71, cover part; 72, connecting part; 8, lower protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0034] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 The invention describes a preparation method and a use method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0035] One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, see Figure 1 As shown, the following steps 101 to 104 are included.

[0036] Step 101: Arrange a solution absorber 2 in a cylindrical cavity 1 to form a water-retaining structure. Figure 2 As shown, the solution absorber 2 may be a highly water-absorbent resin, which is filled in the columnar cavity 1 to form the solution absorber 2. In some specific examples, fluff pulp is filled at the positions at both ends of the solution absorber 2 in the columnar cavity 1, so that the anti-leakage bodies 6 are formed at the two ends of the solution absorber 2 by the fluff pulp.

[0037] Step 102: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a copper rod electrode 3 is inserted into the solution absorber 2, and a saturated copper sulfate solution is injected into the cylindrical cavity 1. A first cation exchange resin 4 is fixed at the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 away from the copper rod electrode 3 to prepare a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body.

[0038] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, take the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, insert one end of the copper rod electrode 3 into the solution absorber 2, and extend the other end to the outside of the cylindrical cavity 1; inject a saturated copper sulfate solution into the cylindrical cavity 1, and absorb the injected saturated copper sulfate solution through the solution absorber 2, and the saturated copper sulfate solution absorbed by the solution absorber 2 surrounds the copper rod electrode 3, so that the solution absorber 2 forms a semi-solid structure in the cylindrical cavity 1; fix the first cation exchange resin 4 at the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 away from the copper rod electrode 3, and block the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 with the first cation exchange resin 4.

[0039] Step 103: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a saturated electrolyte solution is injected into the columnar cavity 1, and a second cation exchange resin 5 is fixed at one end of the columnar cavity 1 to form a water-retaining salt bridge structure.

[0040] Specifically, see Figure 4 As shown, take the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, inject a saturated electrolyte solution into the columnar cavity 1, and absorb the injected saturated electrolyte solution through the solution absorber 2 so that the solution absorber 2 forms a semi-solid structure in the columnar cavity 1, and the saturated electrolyte solution is one of a saturated sodium chloride solution, a saturated potassium chloride solution or a saturated sodium sulfide solution; fix a second cation exchange resin 5 at one end of the columnar cavity 1, and block the end of the columnar cavity 1 through the second cation exchange resin 5.

[0041] Step 104: Connect the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body prepared in step 102 and the water-retaining salt bridge structure prepared in step 103 to form a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0042] Specifically, see Figure 5 As shown, one end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body on which the first cation exchange resin 4 is fixed is connected to the end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure away from the second cation exchange resin 5; the upper protective cover 7 is detachably connected to the end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body into which the copper rod electrode 3 is inserted, and the copper rod electrode 3 is passed through and fixed to the upper protective cover 7; the lower protective cover 8 is detachably connected to the end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure on which the second cation exchange resin 5 is fixed.

[0043] It can be understood that the preparation method of the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode of the above-mentioned embodiment prepares a water-retaining structure through step 101, which is a semi-solid water-retaining structure, which can be used to make a salt bridge or a copper sulfate reference electrode. Specifically, when making a salt bridge or a copper sulfate reference electrode, the solution absorber 2 (super absorbent resin) in the semi-solid water-retaining structure absorbs the liquid solution, so that there is no flowing solution in the cylindrical cavity 1, and the anti-leakage body 6 is set to further absorb the overflow solution that may exist in the solution absorber 2 (super absorbent resin), so as to ensure that there is no liquid form in the cylindrical cavity 1. Taking the preparation of a copper sulfate reference electrode as an example, the copper sulfate reference electrode formed by the semi-solid water-retaining structure of the present embodiment has a semi-solid state inside the copper sulfate reference electrode, and there is no liquid copper sulfate aqueous solution. There will be no problem of solution leakage even if it is used for a long time. The potential of the copper sulfate reference electrode will not drift due to solution leakage, which ensures the accuracy of potential measurement and extends the service life of the copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0044] The water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is prepared through step 102. The water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body includes a cylindrical cavity 1, a solution absorber 2, a copper rod electrode 3, a first cation exchange resin 4, an anti-leakage body 6 and a saturated copper sulfate solution, which is a semi-solid copper sulfate reference electrode structure. A saturated copper sulfate solution is injected into the cylindrical cavity 1, and the injected saturated copper sulfate solution is absorbed by the solution absorber 2 (super absorbent resin) and the anti-leakage body 6 (fluff pulp) until the absorption reaches a saturated state. The copper rod electrode 3 is inserted into the solution absorber 2, and the solution absorber 2 absorbs a sufficient amount of saturated copper sulfate solution around the copper rod electrode 3, replacing the traditional liquid copper sulfate saturated solution, so that there is no flowing solution in the cylindrical cavity 1, which can effectively reduce the amount of aqueous solution seepage and improve the life of the reference electrode. The first cation exchange resin 4 exposed below the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is in direct contact with the soil, and potential measurement can be performed. The first cation exchange resin 4 can effectively prevent the penetration of external chloride ions, prevent the external chloride ions from contaminating the reference electrode, and ensure the accuracy of potential measurement.

[0045] The water-retaining salt bridge structure is prepared through step 103, which is a semi-solid salt bridge structure composed of a columnar cavity 1, a solution absorber 2, a second cation exchange resin 5, an anti-leakage body 6 and a saturated electrolyte solution. A saturated solution of potassium chloride or sodium sulfide is injected into the columnar cavity 1, and the injected saturated solution is absorbed by the solution absorber 2 (super absorbent resin) and the anti-leakage body 6 (fluff pulp) until the absorption saturation state is reached. Since the solution absorber 2 and the anti-leakage body 6 formed by the super absorbent resin and the fluff pulp in the columnar cavity 1 absorb the saturated electrolyte solution injected into the columnar cavity 1, there is no flowing solution in the columnar cavity 1, forming a semi-solid salt bridge, avoiding leakage that may occur during solution flow, and improving the service life of the salt bridge.

[0046] The water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected and combined in step 104 to form a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode. Figure 5 As shown, an internal thread is arranged at one end of the cylindrical cavity 1, and an external thread is arranged at the other end; the upper protective cover 7 includes a cover portion 71 and a connecting portion 72 arranged on one side of the cover portion 71, and the outer periphery of the connecting portion 72 is provided with an external thread, which is used for threaded connection with the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with the internal thread; the lower protective cover 8 is a cylindrical cover with an internal thread arranged inside, and the lower protective cover 8 is threadedly connected with the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided with the external thread through the internal internal thread; the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with the external thread and the end of the cylindrical cavity 1 of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided with the internal thread are threadedly connected.

[0047] An ion exchange passage is formed by utilizing the first cation exchange resin 4 at the lower end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the columnar cavity 1 with a water-retaining salt bridge structure. The second cation exchange resin 5 at the lower end of the columnar cavity 1 with a water-retaining salt bridge structure is in direct contact with the soil. The cation exchange resin can effectively prevent the penetration of external chloride ions and prevent the contamination of the reference electrode by external chloride ions, so that the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode of this embodiment can be used for potential measurement in a high chloride ion environment.

[0048] It can be understood that, in combination with the above-mentioned water-retaining structure, water-retaining salt bridge structure and the structure and working process of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body, the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode of the present invention is based on the water-retaining structure so that the copper sulfate reference electrode finally formed is a semi-solid water-retaining reference electrode, and the solution absorber 2 absorbs the saturated copper sulfate solution to form a semi-solid water-retaining structure, replacing the traditional liquid copper sulfate saturated solution, so that there is no flowing solution in the cylindrical cavity 1, which can effectively reduce the amount of aqueous solution seepage and improve the life of the reference electrode. At the same time, the first cation exchange resin 4 is set at the lower end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body, and the second cation exchange resin 5 is set at the lower end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure. The two layers of cation exchange resins effectively prevent the penetration of external chloride ions, prevent the pollution of the reference electrode by external chloride ions, and improve the accuracy of potential measurement.

[0049] The combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode prepared by the present invention is further described below in conjunction with a specific method for using the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0050] An embodiment of another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, which is suitable for performing potential measurement on metal structures using a copper sulfate reference electrode prepared by the preparation method of a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode of any of the above embodiments. Specifically, it can be used for potential measurement in a low chloride ion environment scenario, and can also be used for potential measurement in a high chloride ion environment scenario.

[0051] In the scenario of low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled, and the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is used for potential measurement. Specifically, when performing potential measurement in the scenario of low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled; the first cation exchange resin 4 of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is soaked in pure water to make the ion exchange channel of the first cation exchange resin 4 smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is inserted into the soil to make the soaked first cation exchange resin 4 fully contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed through the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body.

[0052] In the scenario of high chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode is used for potential measurement. Specifically, when performing potential measurement in the scenario of high chloride ion environment, the first cation exchange resin 4 of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the second cation exchange resin 5 of the water-retaining salt bridge structure are soaked in pure water to make the ion exchange channels of the first cation exchange resin 4 and the second cation exchange resin 5 smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the water-retaining salt bridge structure is inserted into the soil so that the soaked second cation exchange resin 5 is in full contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed by the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, characterized in that: include: Step 101: placing a solution absorber (2) in the columnar cavity (1) to form a water-retaining structure; Step 102: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a copper rod electrode (3) is inserted into the solution absorber (2), a saturated copper sulfate solution is injected into the columnar cavity (1), and a first cation exchange resin (4) is fixed at the end of the columnar cavity (1) away from the copper rod electrode (3), so as to prepare a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body; Step 103: Based on the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, a saturated electrolyte solution is injected into the columnar cavity (1), and a second cation exchange resin (5) is fixed at one end of the columnar cavity (1) to form a water-retaining salt bridge structure; Step 104: Connect the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body prepared in step 102 and the water-retaining salt bridge structure prepared in step 103 to form a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

2. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution absorber (2) is a highly water-absorbent resin, and the highly water-absorbent resin is filled in the columnar cavity (1) to form the solution absorber (2).

3. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step 101 also includes: filling fluff pulp at positions located at both ends of the solution absorber (2) in the columnar cavity (1), so as to form leakage-proof bodies (6) at both ends of the solution absorber (2) through the fluff pulp.

4. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 102 is a process for preparing a water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body as follows: Take the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, insert one end of the copper rod electrode (3) into the solution absorber (2), and extend the other end to the outside of the cylindrical cavity (1); A saturated copper sulfate solution is injected into the columnar cavity (1), and the injected saturated copper sulfate solution is absorbed by the solution absorber (2), and the saturated copper sulfate solution absorbed by the solution absorber (2) surrounds the copper rod electrode (3), so that the solution absorber (2) forms a semi-solid structure in the columnar cavity (1); A first cation exchange resin (4) is fixed to the end of the columnar cavity (1) away from the copper rod electrode (3), and the end of the columnar cavity (1) is blocked by the first cation exchange resin (4).

5. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of preparing the water-retaining salt bridge structure in step 103 is as follows: Taking the water-retaining structure prepared in step 101, injecting a saturated electrolyte solution into the columnar cavity (1), and absorbing the injected saturated electrolyte solution through the solution absorber (2), so that the solution absorber (2) forms a semi-solid structure in the columnar cavity (1); A second cation exchange resin (5) is fixed to one end of the columnar cavity (1), and the end of the columnar cavity (1) is blocked by the second cation exchange resin (5).

6. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that: The saturated electrolyte solution is one of a saturated sodium chloride solution, a saturated potassium chloride solution or a saturated sodium sulfide solution.

7. The method for preparing a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The process of forming the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode in step 104 is as follows: Connecting one end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body on which the first cation exchange resin (4) is fixed to the end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure away from the second cation exchange resin (5); An upper protective cover (7) is detachably connected to one end of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body into which the copper rod electrode (3) is inserted, and the copper rod electrode (3) is penetrated and fixed to the upper protective cover (7); One end of the water-retaining salt bridge structure to which the second cation exchange resin (5) is fixed is detachably connected to a lower protective cover (8).

8. The method for preparing the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylindrical cavity (1) is provided with an internal thread at one end and an external thread at the other end; The upper protective cover (7) comprises a cover portion (71) and a connecting portion (72) arranged on one side of the cover portion (71); the connecting portion (72) is provided with an external thread on its outer periphery for being threadedly connected to an end of the cylindrical cavity (1) of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with an internal thread; The lower protective cover (8) is a cylindrical cover body with an internal thread, and the lower protective cover (8) is threadedly connected to one end of the cylindrical cavity (1) of the water-retaining salt bridge structure with an external thread through the internal internal thread; One end of the cylindrical cavity (1) of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body provided with an external thread and one end of the cylindrical cavity (1) of the water-retaining salt bridge structure provided with an internal thread are threadedly connected.

9. A method for using a combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode, characterized in that: Suitable for using the copper sulfate reference electrode prepared by the preparation method of the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to perform potential measurement on metal structures, including potential measurement in a low chloride ion environment scenario and potential measurement in a high chloride ion environment scenario; In the low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled, and the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is used for potential measurement; In the scenario of high chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode is used for potential measurement.

10. The method for using the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode according to claim 9, characterized in that: When performing potential measurement in a low chloride ion environment, the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are disassembled; the first cation exchange resin (4) of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is soaked in pure water to make the ion exchange channel of the first cation exchange resin (4) smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body is inserted into the soil so that the soaked first cation exchange resin (4) is fully in contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed through the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body; When potential measurement is performed in a high chloride ion environment, the first cation exchange resin (4) of the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the second cation exchange resin (5) of the water-retaining salt bridge structure are soaked in pure water to make the ion exchange channels of the first cation exchange resin (4) and the second cation exchange resin (5) smooth; the water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode body and the water-retaining salt bridge structure are connected, and the water-retaining salt bridge structure is inserted into the soil so that the soaked second cation exchange resin (5) is fully in contact with the soil, and the potential measurement is completed through the combined water-retaining copper sulfate reference electrode.

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