Memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing, and discloses a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system and method, which comprises a memory fault detection module, a control module, an address mapping module and a hardware automatic replacement module, the memory fault detection module is used for scanning, detecting and positioning specific faults of the memory and recording detected fault information; the control module is used for receiving and analyzing damaged address information sent by the memory fault detection system. According to the invention, the number of the reserved address spaces is set through the memory, the reserved address spaces can be used as standby areas when the memory is greatly damaged, and continuous operation of the system can be ensured in emergency by presetting the reasonable number of the reserved address spaces; therefore, the equipment can be normally used when large-area fault damage exists in the equipment, and the service life of the system is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic digital data processing, and in particular to a system and method for memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement. Background Art

[0002] In today's information technology era, memory is one of the core components of computer systems and electronic devices, and its performance and reliability are crucial. However, memory failures often occur, posing a great challenge to the stable operation of the system. Memory may fail due to physical damage, electrical interference, long-term use and aging, and other reasons. Traditional memory fault detection mostly relies on software diagnosis and self-built test circuits inside the memory particles. If some memory cells are detected to be damaged, a small number of redundant memory cells are replaced by burning electronic fuses.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, the number of redundant storage units in the memory is small, and the operation is complicated and costly, which makes it difficult for the system to maintain normal operation when facing many failures, increasing the risk of system crash. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system and method, aiming to improve the problem of the system being able to operate normally when facing a large number of memory faults.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system, comprising: a memory fault detection module, a control module, an address mapping module and a hardware automatic replacement module;

[0006] The memory fault detection module is used to scan, detect and locate specific faults in the memory and record the detected fault information;

[0007] The control module is used to receive and analyze the damaged address information sent from the memory fault detection system, and at the same time issue replacement instructions and be responsible for communicating and interacting with the DDR memory control system hardware;

[0008] The address mapping module is used to identify damaged storage unit addresses and establish and maintain a mapping relationship between the damaged addresses and the reserved area addresses, wherein the damaged storage unit addresses refer to addresses corresponding to storage units in the DDR memory that cannot normally store or read data due to various reasons, including aging, electrical failure and physical damage;

[0009] The hardware automatic replacement module is used to automatically perform a replacement operation on a damaged storage unit after the memory fault detection module detects a memory fault.

[0010] Preferably, the memory fault detection module includes a test case generation unit, a fault detection unit, a fault judgment unit and a fault location unit. The test case generation unit can generate various test cases according to different memory types, capacities and working modes. The fault detection unit is used to detect the effect of fault information. The fault judgment unit is used to determine whether there is a memory fault. The fault location unit is used to locate the specific storage unit address where the fault occurs.

[0011] Preferably, the control module includes an instruction receiving unit, a decision unit and an instruction sending unit. The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instructions and information from other modules. The decision unit is used to make corresponding decisions based on the received information and preset rules of the system. The instruction sending unit is used to send control instructions to other modules to instruct them to perform specific tasks.

[0012] Preferably, the address mapping module includes a mapping establishment unit, a mapping storage unit and a mapping query unit, wherein the mapping establishment unit is used to establish a mapping relationship between a damaged address and an address of a reserved area, the mapping storage unit is used to save an established address mapping relationship, and the mapping query unit is used to receive query requests from other modules.

[0013] Preferably, the automatic hardware replacement module includes a damaged address identification unit and a data transfer unit, wherein the damaged address identification unit is used to identify the damaged address, and the data transfer unit is responsible for transferring the data in the damaged address to a storage location corresponding to a determined reserved area address.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution, a method for memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Monitoring and identification, monitoring the entire address range from "address LSB" to "address MSB" of the memory, identifying the damaged memory cell addresses "address N" and "address M";

[0016] Step 2: Set the reserved area. In the system's storage space, first define a specific area indicated by the system's reserved address segment as a reserved area;

[0017] Step 3: Establishing a mapping relationship. When a damaged address is detected, a mapping relationship is established from the damaged storage unit addresses "address N" and "address M" to the reserved area address "address X";

[0018] Step 4: Address replacement execution. When the system performs read and write operations, the original instruction points to the damaged storage unit address. The system will automatically replace the operation address with the corresponding address in the reserved area according to the established mapping relationship.

[0019] Step 5: The device starts and runs normally. When accessing the memory, it will perform read and write operations through the interface provided by the operating system, and automatically switch access to the damaged address to the reserved area address for operation.

[0020] In a third aspect, the invention provides the following technical solution: a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement method when executing the computer program.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program implements the above-mentioned memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement method when executed by a processor.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, the number of reserved address spaces is set by the memory. When a large amount of damage occurs to the memory, the reserved address space can be used as a backup area. By presetting a reasonable number of reserved address spaces, the system can be ensured to continue to operate in an emergency, thereby ensuring that the device memory can be used normally when there is a large-scale fault or damage, thereby increasing the life of the system.

[0024] 2. In the present invention, damaged units are automatically replaced by hardware. When damage to a memory unit is detected, the memory controller can respond quickly and accurately transfer data read and write operations from the damaged unit to the reserved area, achieving seamless connection and ensuring stable operation of the replaced memory and stable and continuous operation of the system, thereby reducing product maintenance costs and increasing system service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A system architecture diagram of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a memory fault detection module architecture diagram of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A control module architecture diagram of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4This is an architecture diagram of an address mapping module of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a hardware automatic replacement module architecture diagram of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 The present invention provides a method flow chart of a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system and method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 , In a first embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system, including: a memory fault detection module, a control module, an address mapping module and a hardware automatic replacement module;

[0034] The memory fault detection module is used to scan, detect and locate specific faults in the memory and record the detected fault information;

[0035] The control module is used to receive and analyze the damaged address information sent from the memory fault detection system, and at the same time issue replacement instructions and be responsible for communicating and interacting with the DDR memory control system hardware;

[0036] The address mapping module is used to identify damaged storage unit addresses and establish and maintain a mapping relationship between the damaged addresses and the reserved area addresses, wherein the damaged storage unit addresses refer to addresses corresponding to storage units in the DDR memory that cannot normally store or read data due to various reasons, including aging, electrical failure and physical damage;

[0037] The hardware automatic replacement module is used to automatically perform a replacement operation on a damaged storage unit after the memory fault detection module detects a memory fault.

[0038] The memory fault detection module includes a test case generation unit, a fault detection unit, a fault judgment unit and a fault location unit. The test case generation unit can generate various test cases according to different memory types, capacities and working modes. The fault detection unit is used to detect the effect of fault information. The fault judgment unit is used to determine whether there is a memory fault. The fault location unit is used to locate the specific storage unit address where the fault occurs.

[0039] The control module includes an instruction receiving unit, a decision unit and an instruction sending unit. The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instructions and information from other modules. The decision unit is used to make corresponding decisions based on the received information and the preset rules of the system. The instruction sending unit is used to send control instructions to other modules to instruct them to perform specific tasks.

[0040] The address mapping module includes a mapping establishment unit, a mapping storage unit and a mapping query unit. The mapping establishment unit is used to establish a mapping relationship between a damaged address and a reserved area address, the mapping storage unit is used to save the established address mapping relationship, and the mapping query unit is used to receive query requests from other modules.

[0041] The hardware automatic replacement module includes a damaged address identification unit and a data transfer unit. The damaged address identification unit is used to identify the damaged address, and the data transfer unit is responsible for transferring the data in the damaged address to a storage location corresponding to a determined reserved area address.

[0042] Specifically, through the combined use of multiple modules, efficient memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement functions are achieved. The memory fault detection module monitors the memory status and immediately sends a signal to the control module once a fault is detected. After the control module receives the signal, the address mapping module is started to remap the faulty memory address to ensure that data storage is not affected. At the same time, the control module instructs the hardware automatic replacement module to prepare spare memory for replacement, and then starts the device to operate normally, achieving rapid response and automatic processing of memory failures, greatly improving the stability and reliability of the system, and reducing system downtime caused by memory failures, thereby reducing product maintenance costs and improving system stability and service life.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] Reference Figure 6 In a second embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Monitoring and identification, monitoring the entire address range from "address LSB" to "address MSB" of the memory, identifying the damaged memory cell addresses of "address N" and "address M";

[0046] Step 2: Set the reserved area. In the system's storage space, first define a specific area indicated by the system's reserved address segment as a reserved area;

[0047] Step 3: Establishing a mapping relationship. When a damaged address is detected, a mapping relationship is established from the damaged storage unit addresses "address N" and "address M" to the reserved area address "address X".

[0048] Step 4: Address replacement execution. When the system performs read and write operations, the original instruction points to the damaged storage unit address. The system will automatically replace the operation address with the corresponding address in the reserved area according to the established mapping relationship.

[0049] Step 5: The device starts and runs normally. When accessing the memory, it will perform read and write operations through the interface provided by the operating system, and automatically switch access to the damaged address to the reserved area address for operation.

[0050] Specifically, "address LSB" refers to the least significant bit of the memory address, and "address MSB" refers to the most significant bit of the memory address. From "address LSB" to "address MSB" covers the entire address space of the memory. By monitoring and identifying the entire address range of the memory, the damaged storage unit addresses "address N" and "address M" can be discovered in time, providing a target for subsequent processing, and then the system reserved address segment "address X" is defined as a reserved area, which can provide an alternative storage location when a fault occurs, ensuring that there are sufficient resources for fault handling when needed. In this way, even if the storage unit is damaged, the system can still find an available storage location through a mapping relationship, and then establish a mapping relationship from the damaged address to the reserved area address. When the system performs read and write operations, the operation pointing to the damaged address is automatically replaced with the corresponding address in the reserved area, ensuring the operation of the system after a memory failure, reducing the system downtime caused by memory failure, improving the reliability and stability of the system, adapting to changes in the memory state, and ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] The third embodiment of the present invention is based on the same inventive concept and proposes a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement method of the above embodiment are implemented.

[0053] Embodiment 4

[0054] The fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the same inventive concept. The present invention proposes a terminal, which includes: a processor and a memory; the processor and the memory communicate with each other; the memory is used to store instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions in the memory, and executes a memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement method of the above embodiment.

[0055] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system, characterized in that: include: Memory fault detection module, control module, address mapping module and hardware automatic replacement module; The memory fault detection module is used to scan, detect and locate specific faults in the memory and record the detected fault information; The control module is used to receive and analyze the damaged address information sent from the memory fault detection system, and at the same time issue replacement instructions and be responsible for communicating and interacting with the DDR memory control system hardware; The address mapping module is used to identify damaged storage unit addresses and establish and maintain a mapping relationship between the damaged addresses and the reserved area addresses, wherein the damaged storage unit addresses refer to addresses corresponding to storage units in the DDR memory that cannot normally store or read data due to various reasons, including aging, electrical failure and physical damage; The hardware automatic replacement module is used to automatically perform a replacement operation on a damaged storage unit after the memory fault detection module detects a memory fault.

2. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The memory fault detection module includes a test case generation unit, a fault detection unit, a fault judgment unit and a fault location unit. The test case generation unit can generate various test cases according to different memory types, capacities and working modes. The fault detection unit is used to detect the effect of fault information. The fault judgment unit is used to determine whether there is a memory fault. The fault location unit is used to locate the specific storage unit address where the fault occurs.

3. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes an instruction receiving unit, a decision unit and an instruction sending unit. The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instructions and information from other modules. The decision unit is used to make corresponding decisions based on the received information and the preset rules of the system. The instruction sending unit is used to send control instructions to other modules to instruct them to perform specific tasks.

4. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The address mapping module includes a mapping establishment unit, a mapping storage unit and a mapping query unit. The mapping establishment unit is used to establish a mapping relationship between a damaged address and a reserved area address, the mapping storage unit is used to save the established address mapping relationship, and the mapping query unit is used to receive query requests from other modules.

5. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware automatic replacement module includes a damaged address identification unit and a data transfer unit. The damaged address identification unit is used to identify the damaged address, and the data transfer unit is responsible for transferring the data in the damaged address to a storage location corresponding to a determined reserved area address.

6. A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement method, characterized in that: A memory fault detection and hardware automatic replacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Monitoring and identification, monitoring the entire address range from "address LSB" to "address MSB" of the memory, identifying the damaged memory cell addresses of "address N" and "address M"; Step 2: Set the reserved area. In the system's storage space, first define a specific area indicated by the system's reserved address segment as a reserved area; Step 3: Establishing a mapping relationship. When a damaged address is detected, establish a mapping relationship from the damaged storage unit addresses "addressN" and "addressM" to the reserved area address "addressX"; Step 4: Address replacement execution. When the system performs read and write operations, the original instruction points to the damaged storage unit address. The system will automatically replace the operation address with the corresponding address in the reserved area according to the established mapping relationship. Step 5: The device starts and runs normally. When accessing the memory, it will perform read and write operations through the interface provided by the operating system, and automatically switch access to the damaged address to the reserved area address for operation.

7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement as claimed in claim 8 is implemented.

8. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for memory fault detection and automatic hardware replacement as claimed in claim 8 is implemented.

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