Alkaline electrolytic bath pole frame pole plate with turbulent flow structure and manufacturing method of alkaline electrolytic bath pole frame pole plate

Abstract

The invention discloses an alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame polar plate with a turbulent flow structure and a manufacturing method. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame polar plate comprises a pole frame, an alkaline liquid inlet is formed in the bottom of the pole frame, and a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet and an oxygen gas-liquid outlet are formed in the top of the pole frame; the outer edge of a main pole plate body is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the pole frame, the upper surface of the main pole plate is lower than the upper surface of the pole frame so as to form a small electrolysis chamber, and the upper surface of the main pole plate body is sequentially provided with a first area, a second area and a third area from an alkali liquor inlet to a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet side; a plurality of rows of crescent-shaped protruding units A are arranged in the first area and the third area, and a row of semispherical protruding units B are arranged in the second area. According to the alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame pole plate with the turbulent flow effect and the effect of enabling the flow velocity distribution of liquid in the small electrolysis chamber to be uniform, the problems existing in the prior art are solved, the transverse flowing capacity of alkaline liquid in the small electrolysis chamber is enhanced, a liquid retention area is reduced, and meanwhile the bubble escaping capacity is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, in particular to an alkaline electrolytic cell plate with a flow disturbance structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasingly serious environmental problems, the limitations and negative effects of traditional fossil energy have gradually become prominent. Fossil fuels such as oil and coal are not only limited in resources, but also produce a large amount of carbon dioxide and pollutants, leading to climate warming and air pollution. Hydrogen energy, as a clean energy with zero carbon emissions, abundant reserves and high energy density, has gradually become an important part of the future energy system. The development of hydrogen energy depends on efficient hydrogen production technology, among which alkaline water electrolysis is the most widely used method.

[0003] As the core equipment for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the design and application of the structure of the alkaline water hydrogen production electrolyzer is particularly important. The electrolyzer structure includes end plates, pole frame plates, sealing gaskets, diaphragms and electrodes, among which the pole frame plates are one of the most important supporting components in the electrolyzer. The common pole plates at present are mainly guide net structures and mastoid structures, which are intended to enhance the uniformity of liquid flow inside the electrolytic chamber. However, the mastoid and guide net structures mainly distribute the liquid flow near the middle. The slow liquid flow rate on both sides of the chamber is prone to stagnation areas, resulting in uneven electrolyte concentration distribution. The generated gas cannot escape in time, which increases the energy consumption of the electrolyzer and reduces the efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a spoiler structure, which can have a spoiler effect and make the liquid flow rate inside the electrolytic chamber evenly distributed, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, enhance the ability of the alkali solution to flow laterally in the electrolytic chamber, reduce the liquid retention area, and enhance the bubble escape ability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a flow-disturbing structure, comprising: The pole frame has an alkali solution inlet at the bottom, a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet and an oxygen gas-liquid outlet at the top; A main pole plate, wherein the outer edge of the main pole plate body is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the pole frame, the upper surface of the main pole plate is lower than the upper surface of the pole frame to form an electrolysis chamber, and the upper surface of the main pole plate body is sequentially provided with a first area, a second area, and a third area from the alkali liquid inlet to the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet side, wherein multiple rows of crescent-shaped protrusion units A are provided in the first area and the third area, and a row of hemispherical protrusion units B is provided in the second area; The alkali solution inlet is connected to the electrolysis chamber through a V-shaped guide channel A, the gas-liquid outlet is connected to the electrolysis chamber through a trapezoidal guide channel B, the lower bottom of the guide channel B is connected to the electrolysis chamber, and the upper bottom is connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the pole frame and the main pole plate are coaxially arranged circular structures.

[0007] Furthermore, the lateral distance between two adjacent protrusion units A is the same, and the protrusion units B are evenly distributed in the second area.

[0008] Furthermore, the protrusion units A in two adjacent rows are distributed in staggered rows, and the protrusion units B and the protrusion units A in two adjacent rows are distributed in line.

[0009] Furthermore, the convex surface of the convex unit A is arranged toward the alkali solution inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the protrusion unit A is the same as the diameter of the protrusion unit B.

[0011] Furthermore, the V-shaped angle of the guide channel A is 30°~60°, wherein the guide channel A is arranged toward the convex surface of the protrusion unit A.

[0012] Furthermore, a plane for supporting the active electrode is provided on the top of the protrusion unit A.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet and the oxygen gas-liquid outlet are symmetrically arranged.

[0014] A method for manufacturing an electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a flow-disturbing structure, the manufacturing steps are as follows: a. Cut the pole frame and main pole plate according to the designed size; b. Producing convex units A and convex units B on the upper surface of the main electrode plate by stamping or mechanical engraving; c. Drill an alkali liquid inlet on the pole frame, set a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet and an oxygen gas-liquid outlet on the top, and mill out the guide channel A and the guide channel B by a milling machine; d. Fully weld the outer edge of the main pole plate to the inner ring of the pole frame; e. After welding is completed, the entire body is electroplated.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a main electrode plate with raised units A and B. The raised units A in the first and third regions are crescent-shaped, and the two adjacent rows are staggered, which can divert and converge the alkali solution, thereby increasing the lateral distribution capacity of the alkali solution, reducing the occurrence of retention areas in the electrolysis chamber, making the alkali solution concentration distribution more uniform, and improving the current density while reducing the electrolysis energy consumption. The raised units B in the second region are hemispherical raised structures and are distributed in line with the raised units A in the two adjacent rows, which can make the alkali solution in the first region better transition to the third region without changing the uniformity of the fluid distribution.

[0016] 2. The present invention allows the alkali solution to flow through the protruding unit A, diverts the alkali solution and passes it through the rear end, so that the dispersed alkali solution forms a vortex in the concave part, and the bubbles generated by the electrode are quickly desorbed and escaped, thereby reducing the resistance of the electrolysis chamber, reducing the overpotential, increasing the current density, and improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0017] 3. The present invention adopts a V-shaped guide channel A to connect with the electrolytic chamber through the alkali solution inlet, and the flow channel mouth corresponds to the protruding unit A, so that the liquid can be dispersed to both sides at the inlet, thereby increasing the liquid flow rate at the edge of the main electrode plate, and can timely reduce the local high temperature on both sides, thereby increasing the service life of the electrolytic cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The following is a brief introduction to an embodiment of the pole frame and pole plate with a spoiler structure of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the present invention is used; Figure 4 It is the XY plane flow velocity diagram of the embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram comparing the flow field uniformity coefficients of the embodiment and the comparative example; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram comparing the flow velocity at the center of the electrode plate of the embodiment and the comparative example; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a crescent-shaped protrusion unit A in an embodiment; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the conventional mastoid structure protrusion unit structure; Fig. 9 This is the streamline diagram of the flow field structure of the crescent-shaped protrusion unit A in this patent; Fig.10 This is the streamline diagram of the flow field structure of the conventional mastoid structure protrusion unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some examples of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc. are only directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for describing the present invention or simplifying the description. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a disturbing effect to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can enhance the degree of disturbance to the fluid, enhance the lateral distribution capacity of the fluid in the electrolysis chamber, reduce the electrolyte concentration difference at various locations, and effectively separate the bubbles from the electrode, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0023] In order to enable the present invention to achieve the above effects and purposes, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Combination Figure 1~2 It can be seen that an alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a flow disturbance structure includes a pole frame 10 and a main pole plate 20. The pole frame 10 is provided with an alkali solution inlet 101 at the bottom, a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet 102 and an oxygen gas-liquid outlet 103 at the top; A main pole plate 20, wherein the outer edge of the main pole plate body 20 is fixedly connected to the inner circle of the pole frame 10, the upper surface of the main pole plate 20 is lower than the upper surface of the pole frame 10 to form an electrolysis chamber, and the upper surface of the main pole plate body 20 is sequentially provided with a first area 201, a second area 202, and a third area 203 from the alkali solution inlet 101 to the gas-liquid outlet 102 side, wherein the first area 201 and the third area 203 are provided with multiple rows of crescent-shaped protrusion units A30, and the second area 202 is provided with a row of hemispherical protrusion units B40; The alkali solution inlet 101 is connected to the electrolysis chamber through a V-shaped guide channel A1011, and the gas-liquid outlet 102 is connected to the electrolysis chamber through a trapezoidal guide channel B1021. The lower bottom of the guide channel B1021 is connected to the electrolysis chamber, and the upper bottom is connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet 102.

[0025] Specifically, the alkali solution is dispersed into the electrolysis chamber through the V-shaped guide channel A1011, so that the alkali solution is dispersed to both sides of the main electrode plate 20 faster, and the trapezoidal guide channel B1021 can better gather the alkali solution in the electrolysis chamber. The pole frame 10 and the main electrode plate 20 are coaxially arranged circular structures. The lateral distance between two adjacent protrusion units A30 is the same, and the protrusion units B40 are evenly distributed in the second area 202. The protrusion units A30 in two adjacent rows are staggered, and the protrusion units B40 and the protrusion units A30 in two adjacent rows are arranged in line. In this way, the protrusion units A30 are crescent-shaped, and the staggered distribution of two adjacent rows can better disperse the alkali solution, enhance the lateral flow ability of the alkali solution, reduce the appearance of flow retention areas, and make its flow rate more evenly distributed in the electrolysis chamber. The protrusion unit B is hemispherical and can better connect the alkali flow in the upper and lower areas of the electrolysis chamber.

[0026] A further solution is that the raised surface of the raised unit A30 is arranged toward the alkali solution inlet 101. The raised surface is facing the alkali solution inflow direction so as to disperse the electrolyte to both sides, and the rear end is facing the electrolyte outflow direction so as to form a vortex in the concave area of ​​the electrolyte flowing through, and the bubbles attached to the electrode are desorbed through the vortex.

[0027] A further solution is that the diameter of the protrusion unit A30 is the same as the diameter of the protrusion unit B40.

[0028] A further solution is that the V-shaped angle of the guide channel A1011 is 30°~60°, preferably 50°, wherein the guide channel A1011 is arranged toward the convex surface of the protrusion unit A30.

[0029] A further solution is that a plane 301 for supporting the active electrode is provided on the top of the protrusion unit A30.

[0030] A further solution is that the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet 102 and the oxygen gas-liquid outlet 103 are symmetrically arranged.

[0031] A method for manufacturing an electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a flow-disturbing structure, the manufacturing steps are as follows: A. Cut the pole frame 10 and the main pole plate 20 according to the designed size; b. Producing the protruding units A30 and B40 on the upper surface of the main electrode plate 20 by stamping or mechanical engraving; c, drilling an alkali liquid inlet 101 on the pole frame 10, the top is provided with a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet 102, an oxygen gas-liquid outlet 103, and the guide channel A1011, the guide channel B1021 is milled by a milling machine; d. Fully weld the outer edge of the main pole plate 20 to the inner ring of the pole frame 10; e. After welding is completed, the entire body is electroplated with nickel.

[0032] When used specifically, Figure 3 The raised units A30 and the raised units B40 on the two main pole plates 20 form a top-to-top structure, a cathode electrode 50 and an anode electrode 60 are respectively provided in the middle of the two main pole plates 20, a diaphragm 70 is provided in the middle, and a plurality of disturbance channels are formed in the middle of the main pole plates 20. When the alkali solution enters the electrolysis chamber and passes through the raised units A30, it is dispersed to both sides by the front end, and the staggered distribution of the two adjacent rows of raised units A30 is more conducive to the lateral distribution of the alkali solution, reducing the flow retention area in the electrolysis chamber, making the concentration distribution of the alkali solution more uniform and reducing the concentration difference. At the same time, the alkali solution will form an eddy current in the concave area when passing through the tail end of the raised unit A30, which increases the disturbance effect of the alkali solution, makes it easier for the bubbles generated by electrolysis to detach from the electrode surface, increases the bubble escape rate, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and reducing the electrolysis energy consumption. At the alkali solution inlet 101, the raised unit A30 corresponds to the entrance of the V-shaped guide channel A1011, which can improve the dispersion ability of the alkali solution to both sides.

[0033] Figure 4 The flow velocity distribution diagram inside the electrolysis chamber of this embodiment in the XY plane. The alkali solution flows into the electrolysis chamber from the alkali solution inlet 101 through the V-shaped guide channel A1011, is continuously dispersed through the protrusion unit A30, and flows to the areas on both sides of the electrode plate. It can be seen from the figure that except for the large flow velocity at the alkali solution inlet, the flow velocity distribution in the middle of the flow field is relatively uniform, and the phenomenon of flow retention area rarely occurs.

[0034] The specific test method for this example and the traditional structure pole frame and pole plate is as follows: The uniformity index is introduced to compare the uniformity of the flow field on different cross sections, which can fully reflect the fluid velocity distribution characteristics of the entire flow cross section. It is expressed as:

[0035] in: Take [0,1], The larger the value, the better the flow uniformity. Indicates the speed of the measuring point. Represents the average velocity on the measurement section.

[0036] Figure 5 For this embodiment and the comparative example Comparison, from the inlet to the outlet, 9 cross sections were collected for calculation. Figure 3 It can be seen that the flow velocity distribution of this embodiment is more uniform than that of the comparative example. The average uniformity index of this embodiment is 0.77, and the average uniformity index of the comparative example is 0.71. The uniformity of this embodiment is improved by 8% compared with that of the comparative example.

[0037] Figure 6The curves of the alkali solution flow rate along the X-axis in the cross section at position Y=7.5 of the present embodiment and the comparative example are as follows. It can be seen from the figure that the flow rate of the comparative example is mainly distributed in the middle area, and the flow rate on both sides of the main electrode plate is relatively low. The overall flow rate distribution of the electrolytic chamber of the present embodiment is relatively uniform, avoiding the phenomenon of flow retention areas on both sides of the main electrode plate. The smoothness uniformity of the present embodiment is significantly better than that of the comparative example.

[0038] Figure 7 and Figure 8 1 and 2. The crescent-shaped protrusion unit A30 structure of this example and the comparative example and the side view of the protrusion unit of the comparative example are different from those of the present example and the comparative example in that the protrusion unit in the comparative example is a hemispherical mastoid structure and the rear end cannot form a spoiler structure.

[0039] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The streamline diagram of the flow field structure of the convex unit of this embodiment and the comparative example is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 It can be seen from the figure that the front end of the convex surface of the convex unit A30 of this embodiment can divert the alkali solution, and when it flows through the rear end of the convex unit A30, a vortex can be formed in the concave area, thereby desorbing the bubbles generated in the electrode. Figure 8 The streamline diagram of the flow field structure of the protruding unit of the comparative example shows that the protruding unit A30 can disperse and converge the alkali solution, but has no turbulent effect.

[0040] In summary, the pole frame and pole plate of the alkaline water hydrogen production electrolyzer with a crescent-shaped protrusion structure having a turbulence effect provided in this embodiment can effectively improve the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution and the concentration of the alkali solution in the electrolysis chamber through the better turbulence effect of the crescent-shaped protrusion unit A30 and the better dispersion ability of the V-shaped guide channel A1011 for the alkali solution, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of flow retention areas on both sides of the electrolysis chamber. At the same time, the eddy current formed by the alkali solution flowing through the concave area of ​​the crescent-shaped protrusion unit A can better enable the generated bubbles to quickly separate from the electrode, thereby reducing the contact resistance inside the electrolysis chamber, thereby reducing the energy consumption of electrolysis.

[0041] The above describes in detail the optimal embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including combining various technical features in other ways, and the above should be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention, all of which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure, characterized in that: include, A pole frame (10), wherein the pole frame (10) is provided with an alkaline solution inlet (101) at the bottom, and a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet (102) and an oxygen gas-liquid outlet (103) at the top; A main pole plate (20), wherein the outer edge of the main pole plate body (20) is fixedly connected to the inner circle of the pole frame (10), the upper surface of the main pole plate (20) is lower than the upper surface of the pole frame (10) to form an electrolysis chamber, and the upper surface of the main pole plate body (20) is sequentially provided with a first area (201), a second area (202), and a third area (203) from the alkali solution inlet (101) to the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet (102), wherein the first area (201) and the third area (203) are provided with a plurality of rows of crescent-shaped protrusion units A (30), and the second area (202) is provided with a row of hemispherical protrusion units B (40); The alkali solution inlet (101) is connected to the electrolysis chamber via a V-shaped guide channel A (1011), the gas-liquid outlet (102) is connected to the electrolysis chamber via a trapezoidal guide channel B (1021), and the guide channel B (1021) is connected to the electrolysis chamber at its lower bottom and to the hydrogen gas-liquid outlet (102) at its upper bottom.

2. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pole frame (10) and the main pole plate (20) are coaxially arranged circular structures.

3. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral distance between two adjacent protrusion units A (30) is the same, and the protrusion units B (40) are evenly distributed in the second area (202).

4. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion units A (30) in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered arrangement, and the protrusion units B (40) are arranged in a row with the protrusion units A (30) in two adjacent rows.

5. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protruding surface of the protruding unit A (30) is arranged toward the alkali solution inlet (101).

6. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the protrusion unit A (30) is the same as the diameter of the protrusion unit B (40).

7. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped angle of the guide channel A (1011) is 30° to 60°, wherein the guide channel A (1011) is arranged convexly toward the protruding unit A (30).

8. The pole frame and pole plate of an alkaline electrolytic cell with a flow-disturbing structure and a manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plane (301) for supporting an active electrode is provided on the top of the protrusion unit A (30).

9. The alkaline electrolytic cell pole frame and plate with a flow-disturbing structure and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen gas-liquid outlet (102) and the oxygen gas-liquid outlet (103) are symmetrically arranged.

10. A method for manufacturing an electrolytic cell pole frame and pole plate with a flow-disturbing structure, characterized in that: The steps for manufacturing the pole frame and pole plate of an alkaline electrolytic cell with a flow-disturbing structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 are as follows: a. Cutting the pole frame (10) and the main pole plate (20) according to the designed size; b. Producing a protrusion unit A (30) and a protrusion unit B (40) on the upper surface of the main electrode plate (20) by stamping or mechanical engraving; c. Drilling an alkali liquid inlet (101) on the pole frame (10), a hydrogen gas-liquid outlet (102), an oxygen gas-liquid outlet (103) is provided on the top, and a guide channel A (1011) and a guide channel B (1021) are milled out by a milling machine; d. Fully weld the outer edge of the main pole plate (20) to the inner ring of the pole frame (10); e. After welding is completed, the entire body is electroplated.

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