Electric brush with spring pressing structure and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric brushes, and particularly discloses an electric brush with a spring pressing structure and a using method thereof.The electric brush with the spring pressing structure comprises electric brush bodies, a commutator and a cleaning mechanism, the electric brush bodies are arranged on the two sides of the commutator, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged between the two electric brush bodies; the using method comprises the following steps that S1, the connecting rod mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to be close to and attached to the steering gear; s2, when a brush roller in the cleaning mechanism enters a notch, a friction wheel is attached to a commutator; in the using process, the connecting rod mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to be attached to the surface of the commutator, the synchronous assembly drives the cleaning assembly to rotate in synchronization with the commutator, meanwhile, the passive assembly passively drives the cleaning assembly to rotate, the cleaning assembly is attached to different corners of the notch according to different rotating directions of the commutator, and then the commutator is cleaned under the work of the cleaning assembly. Therefore, the carbon ash in the gap can be completely brushed down and led out, and the carbon ash is prevented from being accumulated in the gap to influence the subsequent use of the commutator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric brushes, and more particularly to an electric brush with a spring compression structure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Brush is an important component of the motor, responsible for conducting current between the rotating parts and the stationary parts. Because it is mostly made of graphite, it is also called carbon brush. Brush is mostly installed on the commutator or slip ring, it is a sliding contact body with the characteristics of smoothness, wear resistance and good conductivity.

[0003] In current large motors, the contact area between the brush and the commutator is relatively large. Since the brush is stationary and is pressed against the surface of the commutator by a spring, when the commutator rotates, the surface of the commutator rubs against the surface of the brush. The carbon ash generated by the friction will fall into the gap of the commutator. As the brush is used for a long time, the carbon ash will continue to accumulate in the gap, thus affecting the subsequent use of the commutator. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an electric brush with a spring compression structure and a use method thereof, which solves the technical problem of carbon ash accumulation in a commutator gap in the related art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush with a spring compression structure, comprising a brush body, a commutator and a cleaning mechanism, wherein the brush bodies are arranged on both sides of the commutator, the cleaning mechanism is arranged between two groups of brush bodies, the top of the commutator is rotatably connected to a fixing ring, the brush body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing ring, a connecting rod mechanism is also installed on the fixing ring, the connecting rod mechanism is connected to the cleaning mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is used to move the cleaning mechanism to the commutator, the cleaning mechanism comprises a bracket, a passive component, a synchronization component and a cleaning component, the passive component, the synchronization component and the cleaning component are installed on the bracket, the passive component is connected to the synchronization component and cooperates with the commutator, the passive component is used to drive the synchronization component to rotate and lift when it is attached to the commutator, the cleaning component is connected to the synchronization component, and the cleaning component is used to extend into the notch corner on the commutator surface.

[0006] Furthermore: the passive component includes a friction wheel, which is arranged vertically, the cross-section of the commutator is an inverted T-shaped structure, the friction wheel is in contact with the horizontal plane of the commutator, a passive part is installed on the upper surface of the friction wheel, and the synchronization component includes a roller shaft, the axis of the roller shaft is colinear with the axis of the friction wheel, a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the roller shaft, the passive part is arranged inside the slide groove, the passive part is used to drive the roller shaft up and down while the friction wheel rotates, the two ends of the roller shaft are rotatably connected to the bracket through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the bracket, and the friction wheel is installed at the bottom of the roller shaft.

[0007] Furthermore: the passive part includes a passive block, which is arc-shaped and fixedly installed at an eccentric position on the upper surface of the friction wheel. The length of the slide groove is greater than the length of the passive block. The slide groove and the passive block form a limited interference fit, and the bottom end of the roller shaft is connected to the friction wheel through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is also rotated and slidably connected to the friction wheel through a rotating shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the passive block and the slide groove are both right-angled trapezoids, and the side surface of the slide groove that contacts the top of the passive block is also arranged as an inclined surface.

[0009] Furthermore: the synchronous component also includes a synchronous belt, the belt surface of the synchronous belt is arc-shaped, and a limiting groove is opened on a side of the bracket close to the synchronous belt, the groove direction of the limiting groove is arc-shaped, and the two sides of the synchronous belt are arranged inside the limiting groove. The arc shape of the synchronous belt and the bracket corresponds to the arc profile of the commutator.

[0010] Furthermore: the cleaning component includes a brush roller, the axis of the brush roller is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft, a connecting block is fixedly installed on the outer belt surface of the synchronous belt, both ends of the brush roller are rotatably connected to the connecting block, a linkage part is installed at the bottom of the brush roller, and an active part is installed on the bracket. The active part cooperates with the linkage part, and the active part is used to drive the brush roller to rotate when the synchronous belt drives the brush roller to move.

[0011] Furthermore: the outer wall of the brush roller is provided with spiral bristles.

[0012] Furthermore: the active part includes rack A and rack B, rack A and rack B are both fixed with brackets, rack A and rack B are both in an arc shape that matches the belt surface of the synchronous belt near the commutator, the linkage part includes a transmission gear and a bevel gear set, the transmission gear is located between rack A and rack B, the spacing between rack A and rack B is greater than the diameter of the transmission gear, a transmission shaft is installed on the side of the transmission gear near the commutator, the axial direction of the transmission shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the roller shaft and the brush roller, the synchronous belt is composed of two sets of upper and lower belt bodies, a gap is provided between the two sets of belt bodies, the transmission shaft passes through the synchronous belt through the gap and extends into the interior of the connecting block, the transmission shaft extends into the connecting block and is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set, the bevel gear is rotatably installed inside the connecting block, the bottom of the brush roller passes through the connecting block, and the end extending into the connecting block is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set.

[0013] Furthermore: the connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving shaft, a connecting rod and a limit rod, a turntable is installed at one end of the driving shaft, the turntable is rotatably connected to a fixed ring, the eccentric position of the surface of the turntable is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bracket, a limit rod is installed in the middle of the connecting rod, the limit rod is a U-shaped mechanism, and both ends are fixedly connected to the fixed ring, a limit groove is provided inside the limit rod, a limit block is arranged in the limit groove away from one end of the connecting rod, and forms a sliding guide with the limit groove.

[0014] A method for using a brush with a spring compression structure comprises the following steps: S1: The connecting rod mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to approach and fit the steering gear; S2: When the brush roller in the cleaning mechanism enters the gap, the friction wheel fits with the commutator; S3: The passive component moves the brush roller to the corners on both sides of the gap according to the rotation direction of the commutator, and uses its self-rotation to brush the carbon ash in the gap and export it; S4: Reset after cleaning.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that during use, the connecting rod mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to fit onto the surface of the commutator, the synchronous component drives the cleaning component to rotate synchronously with the commutator, and at the same time the passive component passively drives the cleaning component to rotate, and fits onto different corners of the notch according to the different rotation directions of the commutator. Then, under the operation of the cleaning component, the carbon ash in the notch can be completely brushed off and exported, avoiding the accumulation of carbon ash in the notch and affecting the subsequent use of the commutator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method for using the same according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method for using the brush according to the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention is a brush with a spring compression structure and a method for using the brush Figure 2 A magnified image of point A; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning structure of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method of using the same according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a commutator with a brush having a spring compression structure and a method for using the same, viewed from above and in forward rotation; Figure 6 It is a bottom-up reverse schematic diagram of a commutator of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method of using the same according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of a roller shaft of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method for using the brush according to the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention is a brush with a spring compression structure and a method for using the brush Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B; Fig. 9 The present invention is a method step diagram of a brush with a spring compression structure and a method of using the brush.

[0017] In the figure: 1. commutator; 2. brush body; 3. cleaning mechanism; 31. bracket; 32. passive component; 321. friction wheel; 322. passive block; 33. synchronous component; 331. roller shaft; 332. synchronous belt; 333. slideway; 34. cleaning component; 341. connecting block; 342. brush roller; 343. bristles; 344. linkage; 3441. transmission gear; 3442. transmission shaft; 3443. bevel gear set; 345. active part; 3451. rack A; 3452. rack B; 4. fixing ring; 5. connecting rod mechanism; 51. driving shaft; 52. turntable; 53. connecting rod; 54. limit block; 55. limit rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that the discussion of these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the present specification. Each example may omit, replace or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described relative to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0019] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a brush with a spring compression structure and a method of using the same include a brush body 2, a commutator 1 and a cleaning mechanism 3. The brush body 2 is arranged on both sides of the commutator 1, and the cleaning mechanism 3 is arranged between the two groups of brush bodies 2. The top of the commutator 1 is rotatably connected to a fixing ring 4, and the brush body 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing ring 4. A connecting rod mechanism 5 is also installed on the fixing ring 4. The connecting rod mechanism 5 is connected to the cleaning mechanism 3, and the connecting rod mechanism 5 is used to move the cleaning mechanism 3 to the commutator 1. The cleaning mechanism 3 includes a bracket 31, a passive component 32, a synchronous component 33 and a cleaning component 34. The passive component 32, the synchronous component 33 and the cleaning component 34 are installed on the bracket 31. The passive component 32 is connected to the synchronous component 33 and cooperates with the commutator 1. The passive component 32 is used to drive the synchronous component 33 to rotate and rise and fall when it is attached to the commutator 1. The cleaning component 34 is connected to the synchronous component 33, and the cleaning component 34 is used to extend into the notch corner on the surface of the commutator 1.

[0020] The passive component 32 includes a friction wheel 321, which is arranged vertically. The cross-section of the commutator 1 is an inverted T-shaped structure. The friction wheel 321 fits in the horizontal plane of the commutator 1. A passive part is installed on the upper surface of the friction wheel 321. The synchronization component 33 includes a roller 331. The axis of the roller 331 is colinear with the axis of the friction wheel 321. A slide groove 333 is opened at the bottom of the roller 331. The passive part is arranged inside the slide groove 333. The passive part is used to drive the roller 331 to rise and fall while the friction wheel 321 rotates. The two ends of the roller 331 are rotatably connected to the bracket 31 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the bracket 31. The friction wheel 321 is installed at the bottom of the roller 331.

[0021] The passive part includes a passive block 322, which is arc-shaped and fixedly installed at an eccentric position on the upper surface of the friction wheel 321. The length of the slide groove 333 is greater than the length of the passive block 322. The slide groove 333 and the passive block 322 form a limited interference fit, and the bottom end of the roller shaft 331 is connected to the friction wheel 321 through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is also rotated and slidably connected to the friction wheel 321 through a rotating shaft.

[0022] The cross-sections of the passive block 322 and the slide groove 333 are both right-angled trapezoids, and the side surface of the slide groove 333 that contacts the top of the passive block 322 is also arranged as an inclined surface.

[0023] The synchronous assembly 33 also includes a synchronous belt 332, the belt surface of the synchronous belt 332 is arc-shaped, and a limiting groove is provided on a side of the bracket 31 close to the synchronous belt 332, and the groove direction of the limiting groove is arc-shaped. Both sides of the synchronous belt 332 are arranged inside the limiting groove, and the arc shape of the synchronous belt 332 and the bracket 31 correspond to the arc profile of the commutator 1.

[0024] The cleaning assembly 34 includes a brush roller 342, the axis of the brush roller 342 is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft 331, a connecting block 341 is fixedly installed on the outer belt surface of the synchronous belt 332, both ends of the brush roller 342 are rotatably connected to the connecting block 341, a linkage member 344 is installed at the bottom of the brush roller 342, and an active member 345 is installed on the bracket 31, the active member 345 cooperates with the linkage member 344, and the active member 345 is used to drive the brush roller 342 to rotate when the synchronous belt 332 drives the brush roller 342 to move.

[0025] Spiral bristles 343 are installed on the outer wall of the brush roller 342 .

[0026] The active member 345 includes a rack A 3451 and a rack B 3452, both of which are fixed to the bracket 31, and both of which are arc-shaped and match the belt surface of the synchronous belt 332 close to the commutator 1. The linkage member 344 includes a transmission gear 3441 and a bevel gear set 3443. The transmission gear 3441 is located between the rack A 3451 and the rack B 3452. The spacing between the rack A 3451 and the rack B 3452 is greater than the diameter of the transmission gear 3441. The transmission gear 3441 is close to the commutator 1. A transmission shaft 3442 is installed on the surface, and the axial direction of the transmission shaft 3442 is perpendicular to the axial directions of the roller shaft 331 and the brush roller 342. The synchronous belt 332 is composed of an upper and lower group of belt bodies, and a gap is provided between the two groups of belt bodies. The transmission shaft 3442 passes through the synchronous belt 332 in the gap and extends into the interior of the connecting block 341. The transmission shaft 3442 extends into the connecting block 341 and is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 3443. The bevel gear is rotatably installed in the connecting block 341. The bottom of the brush roller 342 passes through the connecting block 341, and one end extending into the connecting block 341 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear set 3443.

[0027] The connecting rod mechanism 5 comprises a driving shaft 51, a connecting rod 53 and a limiting rod 55. A turntable 52 is installed at one end of the driving shaft 51. The turntable 52 is rotatably connected to the fixing ring 4. The eccentric position of the surface of the turntable 52 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 53. The other end of the connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the bracket 31. A limiting rod 55 is installed in the middle of the connecting rod 53. The limiting rod 55 is a U-shaped mechanism, and both ends are fixedly connected to the fixing ring 4. A limiting groove is provided inside the limiting rod 55. A limiting block 54 is arranged in the limiting groove away from one end of the connecting rod 53 and forms a sliding guide with the limiting groove.

[0028] Embodiment 2 like Figure 1 - Fig. 9 As shown, a method for using a brush with a spring compression structure includes the following steps: S1: The connecting rod mechanism 5 drives the cleaning mechanism 3 to approach and fit the steering gear; During the slow rotation of the commutator 1, the driving shaft 51 drives the turntable 52 to rotate. The driving shaft 51 is driven by a driving device such as a motor and a rotating cylinder. The connecting rod 53 and the turntable 52 are initially located below the center of the turntable 52. When the turntable 52 rotates, the synchronous belt 332 drives the connecting rod 53 to move, so that the end of the connecting rod 53 connected to the turntable 52 begins to rise, and the middle limit block 54 slides in the limit groove of the limit rod 55 and gradually approaches the commutator 1. At this time, the other end of the connecting rod drives the cleaning mechanism 3 to descend through the bracket 31, and gradually approaches the commutator 1 until the brush roller 342 extends into the notch in the commutator 1, and the friction wheel 321 is attached to the surface of the commutator 1. Since the connecting rod 53 mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism 3 to move in an arc to the commutator 1, the friction wheel 321 contacts the surface of the commutator 1 when the brush roller 342 enters the notch.

[0029] S2: When the brush roller 342 in the cleaning mechanism 3 enters the notch, the friction wheel 321 fits with the commutator 1; When the commutator 1 rotates, the friction between the friction wheel 321 and the surface of the commutator 1 is utilized to make the friction wheel 321 rotate synchronously with the commutator 1 .

[0030] S3: The passive component 32 moves the brush roller 342 to the corners on both sides of the notch according to the rotation direction of the commutator 1, and uses its self-rotation to brush the carbon ash in the notch and guide it out; The rotation of the friction wheel 321 drives the passive block 322 thereon to slide in the slide groove 333 at the bottom of the roller shaft 331. The passive block 322 is initially located in the middle of the slide groove 333. After the friction wheel 321 rotates for a certain period of time, the passive block 322 moves to one end of the slide groove 333. Under the resistance of the passive block 322, the roller shaft 331 and the friction wheel 321 are driven to rotate synchronously. Under the setting of the passive block 322, the rotation of the friction wheel 321 and the rotation of the roller shaft 331 produce a certain time difference, that is, the commutator 1 drives the friction wheel 321 to rotate synchronously. When the commutator 1 rotates, the roller 331 and the synchronous belt 332 will not rotate until the passive block 322 contacts the groove wall of the slide groove 333. There is a certain time difference between the rotation of the commutator 1 and the rotation of the synchronous belt 332. Therefore, the brush roller 342 in the notch of the commutator 1 is in a stationary state when the commutator 1 initially rotates. The notch and the brush roller 342 move relative to each other. The brush roller 342 is passively displaced from the middle of the notch to the side of the notch opposite to the rotation direction of the commutator 1. The brush roller 342 on this side can clean the corner of the notch on this side during subsequent self-rotation. It should be noted that the bristles 343 are initially located in the middle of the notch, the passive block 322 is located in the middle of the slide groove 333, and the transmission gear 3441 is initially located between the A rack 3451 and the B rack 3452. When the commutator 1 rotates forward, the friction wheel 321 rotates synchronously, driving the passive block 322 to move from the middle of the slide groove 333 to one end. During the movement, with the cooperation of the inclined surfaces of the passive block 322 and the inclined surfaces of the slide groove 333, the brush roller 342 begins to descend, and the transmission gear 3441 contacts the A rack 3451 after descending.

[0031] It should be noted that: the roller 331 is rotatably and slidably connected to the bracket 31 and the friction wheel 321, which is equivalent to a rotating shaft being provided between the roller 331 and the bracket 31 and the friction wheel 321, and the rotating connection between the roller 331 and the bracket 31 and the friction wheel 321 is realized through the rotating shaft, and a sliding block is installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a vertical groove is provided in the bracket 31 and the friction wheel 321, and the rotating shaft slides in the vertical groove, so that the roller 331 can slide on the bracket 31 and the friction wheel 321.

[0032] When the brush roller 342 is in the passive position to the side of the notch opposite to the rotation direction of the commutator 1, the passive block 322 contacts one end of the slide slot 333, and the roller shaft 331 rotates at this time, driving the synchronous belt 332 to move. The brackets 31 on both sides of the synchronous belt 332 are in an arc shape, and drive the synchronous belt 332 to be in an arc shape. The arc shape of the bracket 31 drives the arc movement of the synchronous belt 332, driving the brush roller 342 to move in an arc shape, and the arc shape corresponds to the arc shape of the outer wall of the commutator 1; When the synchronous belt 332 drives the brush roller 342 to move, the transmission gear 3441 contacts the A rack 3451, and the transmission gear 3441 is connected to the bevel gear set 3443 at the bottom of the brush roller 342 through the transmission shaft 3442. The brush roller 342 drives the transmission gear 3441 to move on the A rack 3451 as the synchronous belt 332 moves. The transmission gear 3441 meshes with the A rack 3451, and the transmission gear 3441 starts to rotate, and drives the brush roller 342 to rotate through the transmission shaft 3442 and the bevel gear set 3443. The rotation of the brush roller 342 The carbon ash in the gap is brushed off by the bristles 343 thereon. Since the bristles 343 are arranged in a spiral shape, the rotation of the bristles 343 driven by the brush roller 342 can not only brush off the carbon ash in the gap, but also guide the carbon ash out of the opening of the gap, thereby avoiding the accumulation of carbon ash in the gap. In addition, in the reverse rotation, the brush roller 342 is located at a corner of one side of the gap. The rotation at this location can also brush out and guide the carbon ash in the corner, thereby avoiding the accumulation of carbon ash at the corner. Secondly, an ash collecting mechanism can also be provided at the gap to collect the carbon ash guided out from the gap. As the commutator 1 rotates continuously in this direction (positive direction), the brush rollers 342 continuously extend into or out of the gaps along with the movement of the synchronous belt 332, and clean the multiple gaps in turn; When the commutator 1 rotates in the opposite direction, the friction wheel 321 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the passive block 322 thereon to move in the opposite direction along the slide groove 333. At this time, the inclined surface on the upper surface of the passive block 322 matches the inclined surface at the top of the slide groove 333. At this time, the roller shaft 331 is in a prohibited state, and the sliding of the passive block 322 in the slide groove 333 lifts the roller shaft 331 from the bottom upward, driving the roller shaft 331 and the synchronous belt 332 to slide on the bracket 31. At the same time, the brush roller 342 rises synchronously and drives the transmission gear 3441 to move upward. The transmission gear 3441 contacts and meshes with the upper B rack 3452. When the passive block 322 hits the other side wall of the slide groove 333, similarly, the friction wheel 321 drives the roller shaft 331 to rotate synchronously. Since the rotation of the friction wheel 321 and the rotation of the roller shaft 331 have a certain time difference, during this time Under the action of the difference, the brush roller 342 moves from one corner of the notch to the other corner, which is located opposite to the notch and rotates in the opposite direction of the commutator 1. Then the synchronous belt 332 drives the transmission gear 3441 to move along the length direction of the B rack 3452, so that the transmission gear 3441 rotates and drives the brush roller 342 to rotate again. By switching the transmission gear 3441 between the A rack 3451 and the B rack 3452, the brush roller 342 can maintain the same rotation direction during the forward and reverse rotation of the commutator 1. The brush roller 342 in this rotation direction cooperates with the spiral bristles 343 thereon to stably remove the carbon ash brushed off, and the change in the position of the brush roller 342 in the notch when the commutator 1 is reversed can comprehensively remove the carbon ash in the notch and avoid the accumulation of carbon ash in the notch at the dead corner of the notch.

[0033] S4: Reset after cleaning.

[0034] Finally, after the carbon ash is cleaned, the connecting rod mechanism 5 drives the cleaning mechanism 3 to reset and move in an arc shape, and the friction wheel 321 is separated from the commutator 1 while the brush roller 342 is separated from the gap.

[0035] The embodiment of the present embodiment is described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present embodiment and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present embodiment.

Claims

1. A brush with a spring compression structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a brush body (2), a commutator (1) and a cleaning mechanism (3), wherein the brush body (2) is arranged on both sides of the commutator (1), the cleaning mechanism (3) is arranged between two groups of brush bodies (2), the top of the commutator (1) is rotatably connected to a fixing ring (4), the brush body (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing ring (4), a connecting rod mechanism (5) is also installed on the fixing ring (4), the connecting rod mechanism (5) is connected to the cleaning mechanism (3), the connecting rod mechanism (5) is used to move the cleaning mechanism (3) onto the commutator (1), and the cleaning mechanism (3) comprises a bracket (31 ), a passive component (32), a synchronous component (33) and a cleaning component (34), wherein the passive component (32), the synchronous component (33) and the cleaning component (34) are mounted on a bracket (31), the passive component (32) is connected to the synchronous component (33) and cooperates with the commutator (1), the passive component (32) is used to drive the synchronous component (33) to rotate and rise and fall when it is attached to the commutator (1), the cleaning component (34) is connected to the synchronous component (33), and the cleaning component (34) is used to extend into the notch corner of the surface of the commutator (1).

2. A brush with a spring compression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive component (32) comprises a friction wheel (321), which is arranged vertically. The cross section of the commutator (1) is an inverted T-shaped structure. The friction wheel (321) fits the horizontal plane of the commutator (1). A passive component is installed on the upper surface of the friction wheel (321). The synchronous component (33) comprises a roller (331). The axis of the roller (331) is colinear with the axis of the friction wheel (321). A slide groove (333) is provided at the bottom of the roller (331). The passive component is arranged inside the slide groove (333). The passive component is used to drive the roller (331) to move up and down while the friction wheel (321) rotates. The two ends of the roller (331) are rotatably connected to the bracket (31) through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is slidably connected to the bracket (31). The friction wheel (321) is installed at the bottom of the roller (331).

3. A brush with a spring compression structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The passive component comprises a passive block (322), the passive block (322) is arc-shaped and fixedly mounted at an eccentric position on the upper surface of the friction wheel (321), the length of the slide groove (333) is greater than the length of the passive block (322), the slide groove (333) and the passive block (322) form a limited abutment fit, and the bottom end of the roller shaft (331) is connected to the friction wheel (321) via a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is also rotated and slidably connected to the friction wheel (321) via a rotating shaft.

4. A brush with a spring compression structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the passive block (322) and the slide groove (333) are both in the form of right-angled trapezoids, and the side surface of the slide groove (333) that contacts the top of the passive block (322) is also arranged as an inclined surface.

5. The brush with spring compression structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The synchronous assembly (33) further comprises a synchronous belt (332), the belt surface of the synchronous belt (332) being arc-shaped, a limiting groove being provided on a side of the bracket (31) close to the synchronous belt (332), the groove direction of the limiting groove being arc-shaped, two sides of the synchronous belt (332) being arranged inside the limiting groove, and the arc shapes of the synchronous belt (332) and the bracket (31) both corresponding to the arc-shaped profile of the commutator (1).

6. The brush with spring compression structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (34) comprises a brush roller (342), the axis of the brush roller (342) is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft (331), a connecting block (341) is fixedly mounted on the outer belt surface of the synchronous belt (332), both ends of the brush roller (342) are rotatably connected to the connecting block (341), a linkage member (344) is mounted on the bottom of the brush roller (342), and an active member (345) is mounted on the bracket (31), the active member (345) cooperates with the linkage member (344), and the active member (345) is used to drive the brush roller (342) to rotate when the synchronous belt (332) drives the brush roller (342) to move.

7. The brush with spring compression structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Spiral bristles (343) are mounted on the outer wall of the brush roller (342).

8. The brush with spring compression structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The active member (345) includes an A rack (3451) and a B rack (3452), the A rack (3451) and the B rack (3452) are both fixed to the bracket (31), the A rack (3451) and the B rack (3452) are both arc-shaped and match the belt surface of the synchronous belt (332) close to the commutator (1), the linkage member (344) includes a transmission gear (3441) and a bevel gear set (3443), the transmission gear (3441) is located between the A rack (3451) and the B rack (3452), the spacing between the A rack (3451) and the B rack (3452) is greater than the diameter of the transmission gear (3441), and the transmission gear (3441) is close to the commutator ( 1) is provided with a transmission shaft (3442) on one side thereof, the axial direction of the transmission shaft (3442) being perpendicular to the axial directions of the roller shaft (331) and the brush roller (342), the synchronous belt (332) being composed of an upper and a lower group of belt bodies, a gap being provided between the two groups of belt bodies, the transmission shaft (3442) passing through the synchronous belt (332) through the gap and extending into the interior of the connecting block (341), the transmission shaft (3442) extending into the interior of the connecting block (341) being fixedly connected to the bevel gear set (3443), the bevel gear being rotatably installed in the interior of the connecting block (341), the bottom of the brush roller (342) passing through the connecting block (341), and one end extending into the connecting block (341) being fixedly connected to the bevel gear set (3443).

9. The brush with a spring compression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism (5) comprises a driving shaft (51), a connecting rod (53) and a limiting rod (55). A rotating disk (52) is mounted on one end of the driving shaft (51). The rotating disk (52) is rotatably connected to a fixing ring (4). An eccentric position on the surface of the rotating disk (52) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod (53). The other end of the connecting rod (53) is fixedly connected to a bracket (31). A limiting rod (55) is mounted in the middle of the connecting rod (53). The limiting rod (55) is a U-shaped mechanism, and both ends of the limiting rod (55) are fixedly connected to the fixing ring (4). A limiting groove is arranged inside the limiting rod (55). An end of the limiting block (54) away from the connecting rod (53) is arranged in the limiting groove and forms a sliding guide with the limiting groove.

10. A method for using a brush with a spring compression structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: the connecting rod mechanism (5) drives the cleaning mechanism (3) to approach and fit the steering gear; S2: When the brush roller (342) in the cleaning mechanism (3) enters the notch, the friction wheel (321) and the commutator (1) are in contact with each other; S3: the passive component (32) moves the brush roller (342) to the corners on both sides of the notch according to the rotation direction of the commutator (1), and uses its self-rotation to brush the carbon ash in the notch and discharge it; S4: Reset after cleaning.

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