Preparation method of wood-based volcanic decorative material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material, which comprises the following steps: mixing a high-performance environment-friendly adhesive (VAE emulsion) with dried fine wood powder in the preparation process, and adding a proper amount of additive to form a mixture; then, the mixed filling solution is impregnated into pores of volcanic rocks in a negative pressure environment by adopting a vacuum impregnation process to form a wood-based volcanic rock material, so that the porosity of the volcanic rocks is reduced, and the stability of the volcanic rocks is improved; meanwhile, after dipping is completed, a VAE waterproof layer can be formed on the surface of the wood-based volcanic rock, and the waterproofness and durability of the wood-based volcanic rock are improved; and in the using process, the installed wood-based volcanic rock decorative material is regularly maintained, the surface damage or cracking problem is solved in time, the condition of the waterproof layer is regularly checked, repairing or replacing is conducted according to needs, the waterproofness and durability of the decorative material are guaranteed, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation of wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials, and in particular to a method for preparing wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials. Background Art

[0002] my country started the research and application of wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials relatively late, but has made some progress in recent years. Some research institutions and enterprises have begun to pay attention to the research on the preparation, performance and application of this new decorative material, and have launched a series of work. The domestic enterprise Australian Rock Industry Shanghai Co., Ltd. has conducted research on Australian rock and volcanic rock, showing that its sound absorption and sound insulation, thermal insulation and heat insulation effects have reached the national decorative material standards, and Australian rock has the function of moisture-proof and humidity-regulating. As a decorative material, it can automatically balance humidity and is a breathable moisture-proof decorative material.

[0003] Depending on the building specifications and construction techniques, the application forms of volcanic rocks vary. For example, volcanic rocks can be processed into slabs, ceramic tiles, wall tiles, etc., and can also be used for paving floors and walls and building pools and swimming pools. In addition, volcanic rocks have good sound insulation and heat insulation properties and are used as thermal insulation materials for building exterior walls. However, due to the complex and diverse microstructure of volcanic rocks, their mechanical properties are also complex and diverse. When used as decorative materials, their strength decreases, their waterproofing effect is poor, and their durability needs to be improved. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials, which not only helps reduce resource consumption and reduce environmental pressure, but also helps promote the sustainable development of the construction industry and is in line with sustainable development goals.

[0004] Wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials are a composite material that combines volcanic rock with wood-based materials such as wood powder. Its main components include volcanic rock, wood powder, high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive (VAE emulsion) and other additives. After stirring, mixing, vacuum impregnation and other preparation processes, it finally forms a new decorative material with appearance and performance similar to natural stone. Therefore, the preparation of wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials combines the advantages of volcanic rock and wood, and has the characteristics of beauty, environmental protection, waterproofness, durability, etc., and has been widely used at home and abroad. As a new type of environmentally friendly building material, its research in the field of architectural decoration has certain practical significance.

[0005] 2 Existing technical solutions

[0006] (1) In "Volcanic Rock Application and Precautions", it is pointed out that due to the diverse and complex microstructure and mineralogy of volcanic rocks, their mechanical behavior is also diverse and complex. Compared with ordinary natural slate and granite, the porous structure of volcanic rocks causes them to have lower strength, poor waterproof effect, and insufficient durability. When volcanic rocks are used as slope protection walls or pool walls, they may be eroded by wet soil or water, which becomes a problem that needs to be solved urgently;

[0007] (2) In "Characteristics of Environmentally Friendly Wood-Plastic Composite Materials and Their Application in Architectural Decoration Engineering", it is pointed out that in the process of preparing WPC materials, additives can be added to the production process to improve the anti-aging effect of WPC materials in the decoration process. In addition, in the process of production and processing, no toxic gases such as ammonia, formaldehyde and benzene that are harmful to health are added to form a pollution-free and harmless environmentally friendly material. However, it is reported that because PVC is easily decomposed under strong light and heat conditions and does not have good mechanical properties, the application of WPC materials in the decoration field still has problems such as poor heat resistance and poor mechanical properties;

[0008] (3) In the durability test, Li Dagang and Ye Yonglian explored the durability of wood-plastic composite materials against white rot fungi under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of wood-plastic composite materials far exceeded that of wood, and the weight loss rate was less than 10%. However, when used outdoors, wood-plastic composite materials will suffer from multiple hazards of biological factors (such as termites) and non-biological factors (such as ultraviolet rays). Its corrosion resistance did not meet expectations, and it aged, causing the mechanical properties of wood-plastic composite materials to seriously decline.

[0009] According to different building codes and construction processes, when volcanic rock materials are used as decorative areas, their waterproof effect and corrosion resistance decrease. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new wood-based volcanic rock composite materials, which not only helps to reduce resource consumption and reduce environmental pressure, but also helps to promote the sustainable development of the construction industry and meet the sustainable development goals.

[0010] However, (1) due to the diverse and complex microstructure and mineralogy of volcanic rocks, their mechanical behavior is also diverse and complex. Compared with ordinary natural slate and granite, the porous structure of volcanic rocks makes them weaker in strength, less waterproof, and less durable. When volcanic rocks are used as slope protection walls or pool walls, they may be eroded by wet soil or water, which becomes a problem that needs to be solved urgently;

[0011] (2) When wood-plastic composite materials are used outdoors, they will be subject to multiple hazards from many biological factors (such as termites) and non-biological factors (such as ultraviolet rays). Their corrosion resistance does not meet expectations, and they age, causing the mechanical properties of wood-plastic composite materials to seriously deteriorate. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material, to form a high-performance new decorative material, to reduce resource consumption, to reduce environmental pressure, and to promote the sustainable development of the construction industry.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0014] A method for preparing a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Pickling volcanic rock

[0016] Before impregnating porous volcanic rock, the volcanic rock is acidified to remove the dirt, dust, and organic impurities remaining on the surface of the volcanic rock material, making the surface of the volcanic rock more delicate and smooth, and improving the impregnation effect;

[0017] Step 2: Preparation of impregnation solution

[0018] The impregnation liquid is composed of a high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive: VAE emulsion, a diluent: ethyl acetate, a surfactant: alkylphenol polyvinyl ether (hereinafter referred to as APEO), and 100-mesh poplar wood powder.

[0019] VAE emulsion and APEO were mixed in a mass ratio of 100:0.5 to obtain a mixed solution, and a diluent was added to the mixed solution in a certain proportion to prepare VAE aqueous solutions with mass fractions of 40%, 50%, and 60%; then a certain amount of 100-mesh poplar powder was added to the three different VAE aqueous solutions and stirred thoroughly to prepare an impregnation solution.

[0020] Step 3: Preparation of wood-based volcanic rock materials by vacuum impregnation

[0021] The pickled volcanic rock is sealed in a vacuum impregnation container, and the container is evacuated to maintain the vacuum pressure of the container at 0.09MPa, and maintained for 30 minutes to ensure that the container is leak-proof. Under the vacuum negative pressure state, the impregnation liquid is injected into the vacuum impregnation container to ensure that the volcanic rock is completely immersed in the solution. Then the vacuum impregnation state is maintained for 3 to 4 hours, and the temperature is controlled below 50°C to prevent the adhesive in the impregnation liquid from solidifying due to excessive temperature. After the impregnation is completed, the volcanic rock is taken out, the residual liquid on the surface is cleaned, and then it is dried at room temperature for 3 hours for solidification. Figure 1 (ac) respectively show the comparison of volcanic rock before and after solidification after being impregnated with impregnation solutions of different concentrations 1-3.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step 1, the acid washing of the volcanic rock is specifically as follows: a volcanic rock plate with a specification of 200 mm×200 mm×20 mm is selected, H2SO4 with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L is prepared with deionized water, the volcanic rock sample is placed in the H2SO4 solution and soaked for 5 minutes, then taken out, rinsed with deionized water, and dried; the above washing process is repeated three times, the volcanic rock after acid washing is fully dried, and left to stand for use.

[0023] Furthermore, the VAE emulsion has a viscosity of 50 to 1000 mPa·s.

[0024] 1. The preparation method of this invention is based on the traditional porous volcanic rock material, and a high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive (VAE emulsion) is selected and fully mixed with dry wood powder, and then the mixture is injected into the pores of the volcanic rock by a vacuum impregnation method, and a waterproof layer can be formed after impregnation and curing, thereby preparing a new type of wood-based volcanic rock decorative material to improve its decorative performance;

[0025] Traditional wood is widely used in the field of decoration, but its susceptibility to moisture, corrosion and deformation limits its scope of use. In contrast, this invention has better waterproofness, durability and stability, can adapt to various complex environments, and can maintain its decorative effect for a long time.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention is a method for preparing wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials. In the preparation process, a high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive (VAE emulsion) is selected and mixed with dried fine wood powder, and an appropriate amount of additives are added to form a mixture; then, a vacuum impregnation process is used to impregnate the mixed filling solution into the pores of the volcanic rock under a negative pressure environment to form a wood-based volcanic rock material, thereby reducing the porosity of the volcanic rock and improving its stability; at the same time, after the impregnation is completed, a VAE waterproof layer will be formed on the surface of the wood-based volcanic rock to improve its waterproofness and durability; and during use, the installed wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials are regularly maintained and serviced, surface damage or cracking problems are promptly handled, the waterproof layer is regularly checked, and repaired or replaced as needed to ensure the waterproofness and durability of the decorative materials and extend their service life.

[0028] The preparation method proposed in the present invention selects high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive and dry wood powder when mixing the adhesive and wood powder, and after impregnation and curing, a waterproof layer can be automatically formed, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the wood-based volcanic rock material; compared with some traditional decorative materials, this invention is more environmentally friendly, reduces the consumption of natural resources, and has a lower carbon footprint, and is a green and low-carbon product that meets people's needs for a better life. Under the background of "dual carbon", my country will achieve sustainable development of the industry through green and low-carbon transformation; when the volcanic rock is processed into a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material through a series of processes in the present invention, the surface of the volcanic rock will have stronger adaptability and compressive strength, and can exert its good performance regardless of high temperature, low temperature or humid environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Comparison of volcanic rock before and after solidification after being impregnated with impregnation solutions of different concentrations.

[0030] Figure 2 Fitting curve of water resistance test of traditional volcanic rock immersion test;

[0031] Figure 3 Fitting curve of water resistance test of wood-based volcanic rock immersion test;

[0032] Figure 4 Sample water resistance (weight gain) results. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] like Figure 1-4 As shown,

[0035] A method for preparing a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Pickling volcanic rock

[0037] Before impregnating the volcanic rock, the volcanic rock should be acidified to remove impurities such as soil, dust, organic matter, etc. remaining on the surface of the volcanic rock material, so that the surface of the volcanic rock is more delicate and smooth, and the impregnation effect is improved. The specific steps are: select a volcanic rock plate with a specification of 200mm×200mm×20mm, use deionized water to prepare H2SO4 with a concentration of 0.5mol / L, place the volcanic rock sample in the H2SO4 solution and soak it for 5 minutes, then take it out, rinse it with deionized water, and dry it. Repeat the above cleaning process three times, fully dry the acid-washed volcanic rock, and let it stand for use.

[0038] Step 2: Preparation of impregnation solution

[0039] The impregnation liquid includes high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive: vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion (hereinafter referred to as VAE emulsion) with a viscosity of 50-1000mPa·s, diluent: ethyl acetate, surfactant: alkylphenol polyvinyl ether (hereinafter referred to as APEO), and 100-mesh poplar powder. Adding surfactant can reduce the contact angle between the droplet and the surface of the volcanic rock, which helps the impregnation liquid penetrate into the pores of the volcanic rock.

[0040] VAE emulsion and APEO were mixed in a ratio of 100:0.5 to obtain a mixed solution, and a diluent was added to the mixed solution in a certain ratio to prepare 40% (mass fraction, the same below), 50%, and 60% VAE aqueous solutions, which were numbered 1, 2, and 3 for convenient marking; then a certain amount of 100-mesh wood powder was added to the three different VAE aqueous solutions and stirred thoroughly to prepare an impregnation solution, as shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1. Data table of leaching solution prepared by mixing VAE emulsion and APEO

[0042]

[0043] Step 3: Preparation of wood-based volcanic rock materials by vacuum impregnation

[0044] Seal the pickled volcanic rock in a vacuum impregnation container, evacuate the container, keep the vacuum pressure of the container at 0.09MPa, and maintain it for 30 minutes to ensure that the container is leak-proof. In the vacuum negative pressure state, inject the impregnation liquid into the vacuum impregnation container to ensure that the volcanic rock is completely immersed in the solution. Then maintain the vacuum impregnation state for a certain period of time and control the temperature below 50°C to prevent the adhesive in the impregnation liquid from solidifying due to excessive temperature. After the impregnation is completed, take out the volcanic rock, clean the residual liquid on the surface, and then dry it at room temperature for 3 hours for solidification. Figure 1 (ac) respectively show the comparison of volcanic rock before and after solidification after being impregnated with impregnation solutions of different concentrations 1-3.

[0045] Experimental example:

[0046] Water resistance test of wood-based volcanic rock materials - immersion test method

[0047] According to the "General Specification for Waterproofing of Buildings and Municipal Engineering" GB 55030-2022, when waterproof coatings are used in stone curtain wall projects, the water resistance test of waterproof materials adopts all-round immersion. The immersion test conditions should not be lower than 23℃×14d. No cracks, stratification, blistering, or breakage should occur after the test. The specific test steps are: first weigh the mass of the wood-based volcanic rock material after vacuum impregnation and curing, then place the sample in a container filled with distilled water and immerse the sample completely in water. The conditions should not be lower than 23℃×14d. After immersion, wipe off the water and observe that there are no cracks, stratification, bubbles, or breakage on the surface, and then weigh it a second time. The percentage of mass increase is calculated according to the formula to obtain the change in water resistance, accurate to 0.01%. The formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Where M is the percentage of increase of the wood-based volcanic rock sample; m1 is the mass of the sample before immersion in water (g); m2 is the mass of the sample after immersion in water (g). The final result is the average of 3 experiments. As shown in Table 2:

[0050] Table 2. Parameters of wood-based volcanic rock specimens before and after immersion

[0051]

[0052] (1) Water resistance of traditional volcanic rock slabs ( Figure 2 )

[0053] Table 3. Parameters of traditional volcanic rock specimens

[0054]

[0055] (2) Water resistance of wood-based volcanic rock materials ( Figure 3-4 )

[0056] Table 4. Parameters of wood-based volcanic rock material specimens

[0057]

[0058] According to the water resistance comparison chart, the weight gain rate of the impregnated wood-based volcanic rock material is significantly lower than that of the traditional volcanic rock, indicating that the water resistance of the wood-based volcanic rock material has been improved. This may be because the added fine wood powder is a natural filler with strong water absorption performance; at the same time, the selected VAE is a high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive with strong water absorption and bonding capabilities. When the two are mixed and a diluent and a surfactant are added to form an impregnation liquid, when the volcanic rock is impregnated into it, they will fill these pores, reduce the voids inside the volcanic rock, thereby reducing the channels for water to enter, and VAE will form a solid bonding layer after drying, firmly fixing the wood powder in the pores of the volcanic rock. At the same time, it can form a waterproof layer on the surface of the volcanic rock. This bonding effect can enhance the overall structure of the volcanic rock and make it more water-resistant.

[0059] In the present invention, in the process of preparing wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials, a high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive VAE emulsion is selected and mixed with fine wood powder (100 mesh). The use of high-performance environmentally friendly adhesives helps the wood-based volcanic rock materials to be more environmentally friendly during the decoration process and reduce the consumption of the natural environment; fine wood powder is a natural filler with strong water absorption performance, which can improve the consistency and water resistance of the mixture, thereby improving the water resistance of the wood-based volcanic rock decorative materials. At the same time, when traditional volcanic rocks are used as decorative materials, due to their porous structure, their waterproof effect is not good. If used for a long time, they may be eroded by wet soil or water and leak. Therefore, the preparation method of the wood-based volcanic rock decorative material proposed by the present invention is to immerse the traditional volcanic rock slab in an impregnation liquid mixed with VAE emulsion and wood powder, etc. After vacuum impregnation, the impregnation liquid is immersed in the pores of the volcanic rock, thereby improving its waterproofness and mechanical properties; and after curing, a waterproof layer will be formed on the surface of the volcanic rock, which will also improve the water resistance, and the water resistance is evaluated.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that are not conceived through creative work should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wood-based volcanic rock decorative material, characterized in that: It consists of the following steps: Step 1: Pickling volcanic rock Before impregnating porous volcanic rock, the volcanic rock is acidified to remove the dirt, dust, and organic impurities remaining on the surface of the volcanic rock material, making the surface of the volcanic rock more delicate and smooth, and improving the impregnation effect; Step 2: Preparation of impregnation solution The impregnation liquid is composed of high-performance environmentally friendly adhesive: VAE emulsion, diluent: ethyl acetate, surfactant: alkylphenol polyethylene ether, and 100-mesh poplar powder; VAE emulsion and APEO were mixed at a mass ratio of 100:0.5 to obtain a mixed solution, and a diluent was added to the mixed solution in a certain proportion to prepare VAE aqueous solutions with mass fractions of 40%, 50%, and 60%; then a certain amount of 100-mesh poplar powder was added to the three different VAE aqueous solutions and stirred thoroughly to prepare an impregnation solution; Step 3: Preparation of wood-based volcanic rock materials by vacuum impregnation The pickled volcanic rock is sealed in a vacuum impregnation container, and the container is evacuated to maintain a vacuum pressure of 0.09 MPa for 30 minutes to ensure that the container is leak-proof. Under vacuum negative pressure, the impregnation liquid is injected into the vacuum impregnation container to ensure that the volcanic rock is completely immersed in the solution. Then, the vacuum impregnation state is maintained for 3 to 4 hours, and the temperature is controlled below 50°C to prevent the adhesive in the impregnation liquid from solidifying due to excessive temperature. After the impregnation is completed, the volcanic rock is taken out, the residual liquid on the surface is cleaned, and then it is dried at room temperature for 3 hours for solidification.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the acid washing of the volcanic rock is specifically as follows: a volcanic rock plate with a specification of 200 mm×200 mm×20 mm is selected, H2SO4 with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L is prepared with deionized water, the volcanic rock sample is placed in the H2SO4 solution and soaked for 5 minutes, then taken out, rinsed with deionized water, and dried; the above washing process is repeated three times, the volcanic rock after acid washing is fully dried, and left to stand for use.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The VAE emulsion has a viscosity of 50 to 1000 mPa·s.

Images