Ammonia fuel Stirling engine device adopting plasma combustion-supporting technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammonia fuel Stirling engine device adopting a plasma combustion-supporting technology, which belongs to the field of high-end equipment and ammonia energy power and mainly comprises a liquid ammonia supply module, a plasma ammonia burner, a Stirling engine, an air supply module, a post-processing module and a control system. The Stirling engine mainly comprises an expansion cavity, a heater, a heat regenerator, a cooler and a compression cavity, and a working medium is subjected to a cycle of cooling, compression, heat absorption and expansion in each part to output power. The plasma ammonia burner solves the problem of poor combustion characteristic of ammonia fuel, and the load of the ammonia burner can be adjusted according to the operation condition of an engine; the heater heats a working medium through heat released by the plasma ammonia burner, the air preheater preheats air through tail gas of the heater, the cooler cools the working medium through cooling capacity of ammonia vaporization in the ammonia vaporizer, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy of the whole machine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of high-end equipment and ammonia energy power, and in particular to an ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology, which is used for developing a zero-carbon ammonia fuel Stirling engine. Background Art

[0002] Energy crisis, environmental pollution and climate change are important issues facing the survival and development of human society. The global energy system, which is dominated by fossil fuels, has led to increasing CO2 emissions, causing global climate change and other issues. "Carbon peak and carbon neutrality" is the global consensus on climate change, and finding new low-carbon and clean fuels has become an important way to achieve sustainable development in the energy field.

[0003] Hydrogen and ammonia are two carbon-free fuels that do not produce CO2 when burned. They are new fuels with great development prospects for replacing fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions. Hydrogen energy has long been regarded as the most ideal clean energy and is the focus of research in the energy development strategies of many countries. At present, the development of hydrogen energy still faces key problems such as poor safety and immature storage and transportation technology, which hinder its industrial development. Ammonia, as a carbon-free chemical energy carrier, contains up to 17.6% hydrogen, which can be used for efficient hydrogen storage. Ammonia also has the advantages of high energy density, easy liquefaction, storage and transportation, and high safety. Green ammonia can be prepared and synthesized from renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower, and can be used as an important energy storage medium. Therefore, from the perspective of economy, safety, and carbon neutrality, ammonia has a bright future as a fuel. However, ammonia still faces many challenges when used as engine fuel. Ammonia combustion has problems such as difficulty in ignition, low laminar flame speed, and narrow flammable range. During the combustion process, ammonia produces toxic NO x , and when the ammonia combustion is incomplete, the unburned ammonia and NO x Will be released into the atmosphere, thus affecting human health.

[0004] The Stirling engine is an external combustion closed cycle reciprocating piston heat engine, also known as a heat engine, and its thermodynamic cycle is the Stirling cycle. When the Stirling engine is running, the fuel is continuously burned in the combustion chamber outside the cylinder, and the working fluid independent of the fuel gas absorbs heat through the heater and performs work externally according to the Stirling cycle; thus avoiding the explosion work and intermittent combustion process similar to that of an internal combustion engine, thereby achieving high efficiency, low noise and low emission operation.

[0005] Because the combustion process of the Stirling engine is continuous and is carried out outside the cylinder at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, the fuel quality requirements are not high. It is more suitable for ammonia fuel, especially the development of ammonia fuel Stirling engine using plasma combustion technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel Stirling engine device with plasma combustion-assisted technology to realize the design and development of an ammonia fuel Stirling engine.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] An ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology, the device comprising a liquid ammonia supply module, an air supply module, a Stirling engine, a plasma ammonia burner and an exhaust gas treatment module;

[0009] The outlet of the liquid ammonia supply module supplies liquid ammonia with stable pressure to the outside; the air supply module supplies air with set pressure and flow rate to the outside;

[0010] The Stirling engine comprises an expansion chamber, a heater, a regenerator, a cooler and a compression chamber which are connected in sequence, wherein the expansion chamber, the heater, the regenerator, the cooler and the compression chamber are filled with a working medium; the cooler is equipped with an ammonia vaporizer, and the liquid ammonia inlet of the ammonia vaporizer is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia supply module; the heater is equipped with an air preheater, and the air channel inlet of the air preheater is connected to the outlet of the air supply module, and the tail gas channel inlet of the air preheater is connected to the exhaust port of the heater;

[0011] The ammonia inlet of the plasma ammonia burner is connected to the outlet of the ammonia vaporizer, and the air inlet of the plasma ammonia burner is connected to the outlet of the air channel of the air preheater;

[0012] The inlet of the tail gas treatment module is connected to the outlet of the tail gas channel of the air preheater.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid ammonia supply module is composed of a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia pump and a liquid ammonia pressure stabilizer which are connected in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid ammonia supply module supplies liquid ammonia at a pressure in the range of 1.0 MPa-2.5 MPa.

[0015] Furthermore, the air supply module is composed of a blower and an air filter connected to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the filler of the regenerator is a porous medium, and more preferably a metal wire mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, the plasma ammonia burner is equipped with a plasma generator, and the plasma generated by the plasma generator is used to improve the activity of the ammonia fuel, so that the ammonia fuel burns more stably and fully, and reduces NO x Formation and slip of unburned ammonia.

[0018] Furthermore, the Stirling engine includes a crank-connecting rod Stirling engine and a free piston Stirling engine.

[0019] Furthermore, the ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma-assisted combustion technology also includes a control system, which is communicatively connected to the ammonia supply module, the air supply module, the plasma ammonia burner, the Stirling engine device and the exhaust gas treatment module to realize operation control of the entire machine.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The cooling capacity generated by the vaporization of liquid ammonia is used to cool the working fluid, further reducing the cold end temperature and improving the efficiency of the Stirling engine; and the exhaust waste heat is used to preheat the air, realizing the comprehensive utilization of energy and improving the overall thermal efficiency of the device.

[0022] 2. The present invention utilizes plasma assisted combustion to improve the poor combustion characteristics of ammonia fuel. The plasma ammonia burner has the stability and burnout properties of ammonia combustion.

[0023] 3. Control system, suitable for comprehensive control calibration of ammonia fuel Stirling engine with plasma combustion-assisted technology, coordinated with plasma ammonia burner load control to regulate the engine unit operating conditions in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of an ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using a plasma combustion-assisted technology of the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1 is a liquid ammonia supply module, 2 is a cooler, 2-1 is an ammonia vaporizer, 3 is a regenerator, 4 is an air supply module, 5 is a heater, 5-1 is an air preheater, 6 is a plasma ammonia burner, 7 is an expansion chamber, 8 is a compression chamber, 9 is an exhaust gas treatment module, and 101 is a control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, an ammonia fuel Stirling engine device with plasma combustion-assisted technology, the device mainly includes an outlet of a liquid ammonia supply module 1 that can supply liquid ammonia with relatively stable pressure to the outside, with an optional pressure range of 1.0MPa-2.5MPa and controllable flow rate. The air supply module 4 can supply air with set pressure and flow rate to the outside. The liquid ammonia inlet of the ammonia vaporizer 2-1 in the cooler 2 is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia supply module 1, and the outlet end of the ammonia vaporizer 2-1 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the plasma ammonia burner 6. The cold amount generated by the heat absorption of the vaporization of liquid ammonia in the ammonia vaporizer 2-1 is about 16% of the calorific value of ammonia, which is used for the cooler 2 to cool the cold end working fluid of the Stirling engine. The heater 5 uses the heat released by the combustion of ammonia in the plasma ammonia burner 6 to heat the hot end working fluid of the Stirling engine. The air channel inlet of the air preheater 5-1 is connected to the air supply module 4, and the air channel outlet of the air preheater 5-1 is connected to the air inlet of the plasma ammonia burner 6. The air preheater 5-1 is designed in combination with the heater 5. The tail gas of the heater 5 exchanges heat with the air in the air channel through the tail gas channel of the air preheater 5-1 to achieve the purpose of preheating the air. The regenerator 3 is arranged between the cooler 2 and the heater 5 and plays a role in heat storage. After the working medium gas absorbs heat and expands, the high-temperature airflow flows from the hot end heater 5 and the expansion chamber 7 to the cold end cooler 2 and the compression chamber 8 through the regenerator 3. The regenerator 3 stores most of the sensible heat of the gas; when the working medium is cooled and compressed, the low-temperature airflow returns from the cold end to the hot end through the regenerator 3. The regenerator 3 releases the stored heat to the low-temperature airflow to complete the heat recovery. Good heat recovery performance can greatly reduce the workload of the heater and cooler and improve the power and efficiency of the engine. The commonly used regenerator 3 filler is a metal wire mesh, which is a typical porous medium component. The Stirling engine mainly consists of five parts: an expansion chamber 7, a heater 5, a regenerator 3, a cooler 2 and a compression chamber 8. The working medium can be a gaseous working medium with good heat transfer performance, usually helium, hydrogen, etc.; the working medium is cooled, compressed, absorbs heat, and expands in each part in a cycle to output power. The Stirling engine includes a crank-connecting rod Stirling engine and a free piston Stirling engine. The ammonia inlet of the plasma ammonia burner 6 is connected to the ammonia outlet of the ammonia vaporizer 2-1, and the air inlet of the plasma ammonia burner 6 is connected to the air channel outlet of the air preheater 5-1. The plasma ammonia burner 6 has a built-in plasma generator. The plasma generated can improve the problem of poor combustion characteristics of ammonia fuel, making it burn more stably and fully, and can reduce NO x The exhaust gas treatment module 9 is connected to the exhaust gas channel outlet of the air preheater 5-1. x, unburned ammonia and other harmful pollutants. The control system 101 communicates with the ammonia supply module 1, the air supply module 4, the plasma ammonia burner 6, the Stirling engine and the exhaust gas treatment module 9 to form a comprehensive control system of the present invention, which regulates the engine operating power output and the exhaust gas emission pollutant post-treatment.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion technology, characterized in that: The device comprises a liquid ammonia supply module, an air supply module, a Stirling engine, a plasma ammonia burner and an exhaust gas treatment module; The outlet of the liquid ammonia supply module supplies liquid ammonia with stable pressure to the outside, and the air supply module supplies air with set pressure and flow rate to the outside; The Stirling engine comprises an expansion chamber, a heater, a regenerator, a cooler and a compression chamber which are connected in sequence, wherein the expansion chamber, the heater, the regenerator, the cooler and the compression chamber are filled with a working medium; the cooler is equipped with an ammonia vaporizer, and the liquid ammonia inlet of the ammonia vaporizer is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia supply module; the heater is equipped with an air preheater, and the air channel inlet of the air preheater is connected to the outlet of the air supply module, and the tail gas channel inlet of the air preheater is connected to the exhaust port of the heater; The ammonia inlet of the plasma ammonia burner is connected to the outlet of the ammonia vaporizer, and the air inlet of the plasma ammonia burner is connected to the outlet of the air channel of the air preheater; The inlet of the tail gas treatment module is connected to the outlet of the tail gas channel of the air preheater.

2. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia supply module is composed of a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia pump and a liquid ammonia pressure stabilizer which are connected in sequence.

3. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia supply module supplies liquid ammonia at a pressure in the range of 1.0 MPa-2.5 MPa.

4. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply module is composed of a blower and an air filter connected to each other.

5. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler of the regenerator is a porous medium.

6. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filler of the regenerator is a metal wire mesh.

7. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma ammonia burner has a built-in plasma generator, and the plasma generated by the plasma generator is used to improve the combustion characteristics of the ammonia fuel.

8. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Stirling engine includes a crank-connecting rod Stirling engine and a free piston Stirling engine.

9. The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device using plasma combustion-assisted technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel Stirling engine device with plasma-assisted combustion technology also includes a control system, which is communicatively connected with the ammonia supply module, the air supply module, the plasma ammonia burner, the Stirling engine device and the exhaust gas treatment module to realize the operation control of the whole machine.

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