Organic dried ballonflower planting process capable of reducing hollowness rate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ivy mosses planting, and discloses an organic ivy mosses planting process capable of reducing hollowness rate, which comprises the following steps: step 1, seed pretreatment, step 2, soil preparation, step 3, sowing, step 4, field management and step 5, harvesting. Through seed pretreatment, selection of full seeds, soaking in warm water at a proper temperature and timed stirring, the germination rate and vitality of the seeds can be improved, a foundation is laid for cultivation of robust dried ballonflower plants, the hollowness rate is reduced, and the quality of dried ballonflower is improved; precise fertilization is performed in different growth stages, chicken manure rich in nutrition is applied in the seedling stage to promote seedling growth, cow dung and biological bacterial fertilizer are applied in the growth stage to meet the rapid growth requirement and improve the soil structure, sheep manure and biological bacterial fertilizer are applied in the stem expansion stage to ensure that stems are full, the hollowness rate of the dried ballonflower is greatly reduced, and the yield of the dried ballonflower is increased. The mouth feel and the nutritional value of the dried ballonflower are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Gongcai planting, in particular to an organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards continue to improve, the demand for healthy food is growing. As a specialty vegetable, Gongcai has attracted widespread attention for its crisp taste and rich nutrition. However, in the traditional Gongcai planting process, the problem of high hollow rate is often faced, which not only affects the quality and taste of Gongcai, but also reduces its commodity value and market competitiveness.

[0003] At present, the common Gongcai planting technology has limited effect in reducing the hollow rate. On the one hand, the seed treatment method is relatively simple and often cannot fully stimulate the vitality of the seeds, which is not conducive to the cultivation of strong Gongcai plants. On the other hand, in the process of soil management and fertilization, chemical fertilizers are mostly relied on, which can easily cause problems such as soil compaction and decreased fertility, and cause certain pollution to the environment. At the same time, pest and disease control mainly relies on chemical pesticides, which leads to pesticide residues and affects the green and healthy attributes of Gongcai.

[0004] In order to meet the modern people's demand for high-quality, healthy organic Gongcai, a new planting technology is urgently needed that can effectively reduce the hollow rate of Gongcai, improve the quality and yield of Gongcai, and at the same time achieve organic planting and reduce pollution to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an organic Gongcai planting process with reduced hollow rate, which solves the problem of high hollow rate often encountered in the traditional Gongcai planting process, which not only affects the quality and taste of Gongcai, but also reduces its commodity value and market competitiveness.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an organic Gongcai planting process for reducing the hollow rate comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Seed pretreatment

[0008] Select plump Gongcai seeds, soak them in warm water at 30-35℃ for 4-6 hours, then take them out and dry them;

[0009] Step 2: Soil Preparation

[0010] Choose fertile, well-drained soil, plow it deeply to a depth of 25-30 cm before planting, and apply organic base fertilizer;

[0011] Step 3: Planting seeds

[0012] Evenly spread the pre-treated seeds on the prepared soil at a sowing rate of 2-3 grams per square meter, and then cover with a thin layer of soil;

[0013] Step 4: Field management

[0014] watering, fertilizing and pest control;

[0015] Step 5: Harvest

[0016] When the Gongcai plants grow to a certain height and their stems are strong, they are harvested.

[0017] Preferably, the seeds in step 1 are stirred every 1-2 hours during the soaking process.

[0018] Preferably, the organic base fertilizer in step 2 includes but is not limited to decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure and bio-organic fertilizer, and the application amount is 500-1000 kg per mu, and the fertilization method is broadcasting or furrow application; the application amount of the decomposed farmyard manure is 300-500 kg per mu, and the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 200-300 kg per mu.

[0019] Preferably, the watering is carried out by drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.

[0020] Preferably, the fertilization in step 4 is specifically as follows: applying organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer respectively at different stages of the growth of Gongcai to meet the nutritional needs of the growth of Gongcai;

[0021] The organic fertilizer is one or more of decomposed chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure; the biological fertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

[0022] Preferably, the different growth stages of the Gongcai are the seedling stage, the growth stage and the stem expansion stage;

[0023] The fertilization time during the seedling stage is 10-15 days after the emergence of Gongcai; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed chicken manure, with an application rate of 300-400 kg of organic fertilizer per mu to promote the growth of seedlings;

[0024] The fertilization time during the growth period is 20-30 days after the seedling stage; the type and amount of fertilizer is 400-500 kg of decomposed cow dung per mu, and 50-80 kg of biological fertilizer is applied in combination;

[0025] The time for fertilizing during the stem expansion period is the late growth stage of Gongcai, when the stem begins to expand; the type and amount of fertilizer is 300-400 kg of decomposed sheep manure per mu, and at the same time, biological fertilizer is applied again, with an application amount of 30-50 kg per mu.

[0026] Preferably, the pest control in step 4 adopts a method combining biological control and physical control to control the pests and diseases of Gongcai;

[0027] The biological control methods include but are not limited to releasing natural enemy insects and using biological pesticides;

[0028] The physical control methods include but are not limited to setting up insect-proof nets and hanging yellow boards.

[0029] Preferably, during the harvest, the Gongcai is cut off from the root with a knife, and then washed and dried.

[0030] The present invention provides an organic Gongcai planting process for reducing the hollow rate, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention can improve the germination rate and vitality of seeds by seed pretreatment, selecting full seeds, soaking them in warm water at a suitable temperature and stirring them regularly, laying a foundation for cultivating strong Gongcai plants, thereby reducing the hollow rate and improving the quality of Gongcai; by accurately applying fertilizers at different growth stages, nutrient-rich chicken manure is applied in the seedling stage to promote seedling growth, cow manure is applied in combination with biological fertilizer in the growth period to meet the rapid growth needs and improve soil structure, and sheep manure and biological fertilizer are applied in the stem expansion period to ensure the fullness of the stem, which greatly reduces the hollow rate of Gongcai and improves the taste and nutritional value of Gongcai.

[0032] 2. The present invention adopts organic base fertilizer, including decomposed farmyard manure and biological organic fertilizer, which reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, reduces the pollution to the soil and environment, and meets the requirements of sustainable development. The pest control adopts a combination of biological control and physical control to avoid the residue of chemical pesticides, and the produced Gongcai is greener and healthier, which is more beneficial to the health of consumers.

[0033] 3. The present invention deeply plows the soil before planting to a depth of 30 cm, and applies organic base fertilizer, which improves the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and is conducive to the growth and development of the root system of Gongcai. Beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in the biological fertilizer can decompose organic matter in the soil, release nutrients, and improve the microecological environment of the soil, improve soil fertility, and provide good soil conditions for the sustained growth of Gongcai. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] Please see attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides an organic Gongcai planting process for reducing the hollow rate, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Seed pretreatment

[0039] Select plump Gongcai seeds, soak them in warm water at 30℃ for 4 hours, then take them out and dry them; stir the seeds every 1 hour during the soaking process;

[0040] Step 2: Soil Preparation

[0041] Choose fertile and well-drained soil, deep plow it to a depth of 25 cm before planting, and apply organic base fertilizer; organic base fertilizer includes but is not limited to decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure and biological organic fertilizer, the fertilizer amount is 500 kg per mu, and the fertilizer application method is broadcasting or furrow application; the fertilizer amount of decomposed farmyard manure is 300 kg per mu, and the fertilizer amount of biological organic fertilizer is 200 kg per mu;

[0042] Step 3: Planting seeds

[0043] Evenly spread the pretreated seeds on the prepared soil at a sowing rate of 2 grams per square meter, and then cover with a thin layer of soil;

[0044] Step 4: Field management

[0045] Watering, fertilization and pest control; watering is carried out by drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation;

[0046] The specific fertilization is as follows: at different stages of Gongcai's growth, organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer are applied to meet the nutritional needs of Gongcai's growth;

[0047] The organic fertilizer is one or more of decomposed chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure; the biological fertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis;

[0048] The different growth stages of Gongcai are seedling stage, growth stage and stem expansion stage;

[0049] The fertilization time for the seedling stage is 10 days after the emergence of Gongcai seedlings; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed chicken manure, with an application rate of 300 kg of organic fertilizer per mu to promote the growth of seedlings; chicken manure contains rich nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can provide more comprehensive nutrients for seedlings;

[0050] The fertilization time during the growth period is 20 days after the seedling stage; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed cow dung, with an application rate of 400 kg per mu, and 50 kg of biological fertilizer; the beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in the biological fertilizer can improve the soil structure and promote the absorption of nutrients by Gongcai;

[0051] The time for fertilization during the stem expansion period is the late growth period of Gongcai, when the stem begins to expand; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed sheep manure, with an application rate of 300 kg per mu, and at the same time, apply biological fertilizer again, with an application rate of 30 kg per mu;

[0052] Pest control uses a combination of biological control and physical control to control Gongcai pests and diseases; biological control methods include but are not limited to releasing natural enemy insects and using biological pesticides; physical control methods include but are not limited to setting up insect-proof nets and hanging yellow boards;

[0053] Step 5: Harvest

[0054] When the Gongcai plant grows to a certain height and its stem is thick, it is harvested. When harvesting, use a knife to cut the Gongcai from the root, then wash and dry it.

[0055] Through seed pretreatment, selecting full seeds and soaking them in warm water at a suitable temperature and stirring them regularly can improve the germination rate and vitality of seeds, lay the foundation for cultivating strong Gongcai plants, thereby reducing the hollow rate and improving the quality of Gongcai. Precise fertilization at different growth stages, applying nutrient-rich chicken manure in the seedling stage to promote seedling growth, applying cow manure combined with biological fertilizer in the growth period to meet the needs of rapid growth and improve soil structure, and applying sheep manure and biological fertilizer in the stem expansion period to ensure the fullness of the stem, which greatly reduces the hollow rate of Gongcai and improves the taste and nutritional value of Gongcai. The use of organic base fertilizers, including decomposed farmyard manure (such as compost, green manure, etc.) and biological organic fertilizers, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, reduces pollution to the soil and environment, and meets the requirements of sustainable development. Pest and disease control adopts a combination of biological control and physical control to avoid the residue of chemical pesticides, and the Gongcai produced is greener and healthier, which is more beneficial to the health of consumers. Before planting, the soil is deeply plowed to a depth of 25 cm, and organic base fertilizer is applied to improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil, which is conducive to the growth and development of the root system of Gongcai. Beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in biological fertilizers can decompose organic matter in the soil and release nutrients. At the same time, they can improve the microecological environment of the soil, increase soil fertility, and provide good soil conditions for the sustainable growth of Gongcai. Therefore, through seed pretreatment, soil preparation, and reasonable field management, the hollow rate of Gongcai can be effectively reduced, and the quality and yield of Gongcai can be improved. At the same time, the use of organic planting methods meets the modern people's demand for healthy food. In practical applications, the process can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to the specific situation to better adapt to different planting environments and needs.

[0056] Embodiment 2:

[0057] Please see attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides an organic Gongcai planting process for reducing the hollow rate, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Seed pretreatment

[0059] Select plump Gongcai seeds, soak them in warm water at 35℃ for 6 hours, then take them out and dry them; stir the seeds every 2 hours during the soaking process;

[0060] Step 2: Soil Preparation

[0061] Choose fertile and well-drained soil, deep plow it to a depth of 30 cm before planting, and apply organic base fertilizer; organic base fertilizer includes but is not limited to decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure and biological organic fertilizer, the fertilizer amount is 1000 kg per mu, and the fertilization method is broadcasting or furrow application; the fertilizer amount of decomposed farmyard manure is 500 kg per mu, and the fertilizer amount of biological organic fertilizer is 300 kg per mu;

[0062] Step 3: Planting seeds

[0063] Evenly spread the pretreated seeds on the prepared soil at a sowing rate of 3 grams per square meter, and then cover with a thin layer of soil;

[0064] Step 4: Field management

[0065] Watering, fertilization and pest control; watering is carried out by drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation;

[0066] The specific fertilization is as follows: at different stages of Gongcai's growth, organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer are applied to meet the nutritional needs of Gongcai's growth;

[0067] The organic fertilizer is one or more of decomposed chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure; the biological fertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis;

[0068] The different growth stages of Gongcai are seedling stage, growth stage and stem expansion stage;

[0069] The fertilization time for the seedling stage is 15 days after the emergence of Gongcai seedlings; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed chicken manure, with an application rate of 400 kg of organic fertilizer per mu to promote the growth of seedlings; chicken manure contains rich nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can provide more comprehensive nutrients for seedlings;

[0070] The fertilization time during the growth period is 30 days after the seedling stage; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply 500 kg of decomposed cow dung per mu, and 80 kg of biological fertilizer is applied in combination; the beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in the biological fertilizer can improve the soil structure and promote the absorption of nutrients by Gongcai;

[0071] The time for fertilization during the stem expansion period is the late growth period of Gongcai, when the stem begins to expand; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed sheep manure, with an application rate of 400 kg per mu, and at the same time, apply biological fertilizer again, with an application rate of 50 kg per mu;

[0072] Pest control uses a combination of biological control and physical control to control Gongcai pests and diseases; biological control methods include but are not limited to releasing natural enemy insects and using biological pesticides; physical control methods include but are not limited to setting up insect-proof nets and hanging yellow boards;

[0073] Step 5: Harvest

[0074] When the Gongcai plant grows to a certain height and its stem is thick, it is harvested. When harvesting, use a knife to cut the Gongcai from the root, then wash and dry it.

[0075] Through seed pretreatment, selecting full seeds and soaking them in warm water at a suitable temperature and stirring them regularly can improve the germination rate and vitality of seeds, lay the foundation for cultivating strong Gongcai plants, thereby reducing the hollow rate and improving the quality of Gongcai. Precise fertilization at different growth stages, applying nutrient-rich chicken manure in the seedling stage to promote seedling growth, applying cow manure combined with biological fertilizer in the growth period to meet the needs of rapid growth and improve soil structure, and applying sheep manure and biological fertilizer in the stem expansion period to ensure the fullness of the stem, which greatly reduces the hollow rate of Gongcai and improves the taste and nutritional value of Gongcai. The use of organic base fertilizers, including decomposed farmyard manure (such as compost, green manure, etc.) and biological organic fertilizers, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, reduces pollution to the soil and environment, and meets the requirements of sustainable development. Pest and disease control adopts a combination of biological control and physical control to avoid the residue of chemical pesticides, and the Gongcai produced is greener and healthier, which is more beneficial to the health of consumers. Before planting, the soil is deeply plowed to a depth of 30 cm, and organic base fertilizer is applied to improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil, which is conducive to the growth and development of the root system of Gongcai. Beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in biological fertilizers can decompose organic matter in the soil and release nutrients. At the same time, they can improve the microecological environment of the soil, increase soil fertility, and provide good soil conditions for the sustained growth of Gongcai. Therefore, through seed pretreatment, soil preparation, and reasonable field management, the hollow rate of Gongcai can be effectively reduced, and the quality and yield of Gongcai can be improved. At the same time, the use of organic planting methods meets the modern people's demand for healthy food. In practical applications, the process can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to the specific situation to better adapt to different planting environments and needs.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Seed pretreatment Select plump Gongcai seeds, soak them in warm water at 30-35℃ for 4-6 hours, then take them out and dry them; Step 2: Soil Preparation Choose fertile, well-drained soil, plow it deeply to a depth of 25-30 cm before planting, and apply organic base fertilizer; Step 3: Planting seeds Evenly spread the pre-treated seeds on the prepared soil at a sowing rate of 2-3 grams per square meter, and then cover with a thin layer of soil; Step 4: Field management watering, fertilizing and pest control; Step 5: Harvest When the Gongcai plants grow to a certain height and their stems are strong, they are harvested.

2. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the soaking process of the seeds in step 1, stir them every 1-2 hours.

3. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic base fertilizer in step 2 includes but is not limited to decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure and bio-organic fertilizer, and the application amount is 500-1000 kg per mu, and the fertilization method is broadcasting or furrow application; the application amount of the decomposed farmyard manure is 300-500 kg per mu, and the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 200-300 kg per mu.

4. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watering is carried out by drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.

5. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization of step 4 is specifically as follows: applying organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer at different stages of the growth of Gongcai to meet the nutritional needs of the growth of Gongcai; The organic fertilizer is one or more of decomposed chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure; the biological fertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

6. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The different growth stages of the Gongcai are the seedling stage, the growth stage and the stem expansion stage; The fertilization time during the seedling stage is 10-15 days after the emergence of Gongcai; the type and amount of fertilizer is to apply decomposed chicken manure, with an application rate of 300-400 kg of organic fertilizer per mu to promote the growth of seedlings; The fertilization time during the growth period is 20-30 days after the seedling stage; the type and amount of fertilizer is 400-500 kg of decomposed cow dung per mu, and 50-80 kg of biological fertilizer is applied in combination; The time for fertilizing during the stem expansion period is the late growth stage of Gongcai, when the stem begins to expand; the type and amount of fertilizer is 300-400 kg of decomposed sheep manure per mu, and at the same time, biological fertilizer is applied again, with an application amount of 30-50 kg per mu.

7. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pest control in step 4 adopts a method combining biological control and physical control to control the pests and diseases of Gongcai; The biological control methods include but are not limited to releasing natural enemy insects and using biological pesticides; The physical control methods include but are not limited to setting up insect-proof nets and hanging yellow boards.

8. The organic Gongcai planting process for reducing hollow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the harvesting, the Gongcai is cut off from the root with a knife, and then washed and dried.

Images