Visual characterization method for carbon emission of sewage treatment plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual characterization method for carbon emission of a sewage treatment plant, belongs to the field of carbon emission monitoring, and solves the problem that the fluctuation and trend of carbon emission data cannot be analyzed by an existing method. The method comprises the following steps: checking carbon emission intensity; preprocessing the carbon emission intensity data; defining a color mapping function according to the numerical range of the carbon emission, and mapping the numerical value to a color space; based on the color mapping function, creating a color bar for representing a corresponding relationship between the data value and the color; according to the color mapping function and the color bar, converting the carbon emission data at each time point into a corresponding color, and drawing the color on the heat map; and optimizing and outputting the image. According to the method, the calorific value map technology is introduced, so that the visualization effect of carbon emission intensity data is remarkably improved, the change of the carbon emission intensity in a time sequence is visually displayed, complex data becomes clear at a glance, and the peak value and the fluctuation trend of carbon emission can be quickly captured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of carbon emission monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for visualizing carbon emission of a sewage treatment plant. Background Art

[0004] As a data visualization tool, the heat value map can intuitively display the data distribution and change trend through the color depth, so it has broad application prospects in the visualization of carbon emission data. However, when processing time series data, the existing heat value map making method often cannot effectively highlight the time series and change trend of the data. Therefore, the present invention proposes a carbon emission heat value map making method based on time series data, aiming to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant to solve the problem that existing methods are unable to analyze fluctuations and trends in carbon emission data.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant, comprising the following steps: A. Carbon emission intensity accounting: By collecting relevant basic data during the operation of the sewage treatment plant, carbon emission accounting is carried out to obtain the carbon emission intensity data of the time series; B. Carbon emission intensity data preprocessing: Clean, normalize or standardize the collected time series data to eliminate the impact of outliers and dimensional differences on subsequent visual analysis; C. Color mapping function definition: Based on the numerical range of carbon emissions, define a color mapping function to map the numerical value to a color space; the function can be linear or nonlinear, depending on actual needs; D. Color bar creation: Based on the color mapping function, a color bar is created to represent the corresponding relationship between data values ​​and colors. The color bar adopts a gradient color design, which represents different levels of carbon emission intensity from low to high. E. Heat map drawing: According to the color mapping function and color bar, the carbon emission data at each time point is converted into corresponding colors and drawn on the heat map; the horizontal axis and vertical axis in the heat map represent different time series respectively, and they together constitute the time plane. Each intersection of the horizontal and vertical axes represents the carbon emission data at a specific time point, and these data are intuitively represented by the depth of color; F. Image optimization and output: Perform image processing operations such as color correction and contrast adjustment on the drawn heat map to enhance the visualization effect, and then output the optimized heat map as an image file or display it directly on the display device.

[0007] Furthermore, the carbon emission intensity accounting of sewage treatment plants consists of direct carbon emission intensity and indirect carbon emission intensity. Direct carbon emission intensity refers to the sum of carbon emission equivalents of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the treatment of unit volume of sewage during the operation of the sewage treatment plant; indirect carbon emission intensity refers to the sum of carbon emission equivalents corresponding to the purchased electricity and chemical agents consumed for the treatment of unit volume of sewage during the operation of the sewage treatment plant. In step A, the relevant basic data include the carbon emission equivalents of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the treatment of unit volume of sewage, as well as the carbon emission equivalents of purchased electricity and chemical agents consumed for the treatment of unit volume of sewage; these relevant basic data are summed to obtain carbon emission intensity data.

[0008] Furthermore, nitrous oxide carbon equivalent ; In the formula, E N2O The unit is kgCO2 / m 3 ; Q rb,i is the water volume of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in m 3 TN rb,i is the average influent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; TN eb, is the average effluent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; EF N2O is the N2O emission factor, which is 0.016 kgN2O-N / kgTN; C N2O / N2 is the molecular weight ratio of N2O / N2; F N2O It is the N2O greenhouse effect index, and its value is 265kg CO2 / kg N2O.

[0009] Furthermore, methane carbon emissions equivalent ; In the formula, E CH4 The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; Q ra,i is the water volume of the sewage treatment plant on the i-th day, in m 3 ;COD ra,i is the average influent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; COD ea,iis the average effluent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; SG i is the amount of dry sludge produced by the sewage treatment plant on day i, in kgDS; P v,i is the organic content of the dry sludge in the sewage treatment plant on day i; ρ S Organic matter and COD in sludge cr The conversion coefficient is 1.42 kgCOD cr / kgDS; B 0 is the COD degradation unit of the anaerobic process cr The CH4 yield coefficient is 0.25 kgCH4 / kgCOD cr ; MCF is the CH4 correction factor for the sewage treatment process; F CH4 It is the CH4 greenhouse effect index, and its value is 28kg CO2 / kg CH4.

[0010] Furthermore, carbon dioxide emissions equivalent ; In the formula, E CO2 The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f c is the CO2 emission factor of standard coal, which is 2.7725 kg CO2 / kg standard coal; M f,j is the usage of the jth fossil fuel, calculated based on standard coal, with the unit of kg standard coal; j is the code for the type of fossil fuel; i is the number of types of fossil fuel.

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon emission equivalent of purchased electricity ; In the formula, E e The unit is kgCO2 / m 3 ; f e is the electricity consumption emission factor; w i is the amount of purchased electricity used for production operation on the i-th day, in kWh.

[0012] Furthermore, the carbon emission equivalent of chemical agents ; E c The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f c,g is the CO2 emission factor of the g-th chemical agent; M cg,iis the mass of the g-th chemical used on the i-th day, in kg; g is the code for the type of chemical; m is the number of chemical types.

[0013] The present invention calculates various carbon emission indicators of sewage treatment plants and produces a time series heat map according to the carbon emission intensity, intuitively showing the dynamic changes of carbon emission data in the plant area, while highlighting key time points and trends, which has a guiding role in carbon emission accounting and low-carbon operation analysis of urban sewage treatment plants.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Innovation in data visualization: This invention significantly improves the visualization of carbon emission intensity data by introducing heat map technology. Compared with the existing technology, the heat map uses color as a medium to intuitively show the changes in carbon emission intensity over time, making complex data clear at a glance. This innovation not only improves the readability of data, but also helps analysts and decision makers quickly capture the peak and fluctuation trends of carbon emissions.

[0015] 2. Improved accuracy and precision: Traditional charts often fail to accurately reflect the specific values ​​at each time point when displaying large amounts of time series data. The method of the present invention can more accurately represent the carbon emission intensity at each time point through fine color mapping, thereby improving the accuracy of the data and the accuracy of the analysis. This is crucial for environmental monitoring and management that requires accurate knowledge of carbon emissions.

[0016] 3. Enhanced real-time and dynamic monitoring: The present invention can update data in real time and reflect it on the calorific value chart, providing strong support for real-time monitoring of carbon emissions. Compared with static charts, this dynamically updated calorific value chart can more quickly reflect changes in carbon emission intensity, help to promptly detect abnormal emissions, and provide real-time data support for emergency response and decision-making adjustments.

[0017] 4. Flexibility and adaptability: This method has strong flexibility and adaptability, and can easily cope with data sets of different types and sizes. Whether it is carbon emission monitoring at the city level or emission trend analysis on a global scale, this method can flexibly adapt to different analysis needs by adjusting color mapping and parameter settings. This flexibility makes this method have a wider application prospect and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a dynamic change diagram of carbon emission intensity of each item before and after low-carbon operation of the sewage treatment plant in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a time series heat map of the total intensity of daily carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant in Example 1 of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0020] Embodiment 1, This example selects the operating data of a sewage treatment plant in Fujian Province from January 2021 to August 2022, including but not limited to the daily sewage treatment volume, various inlet and outlet water indicators, sludge volume, power consumption, and drug consumption. The full-load operation scale of the water plant is 26×10 4 t / d. The sewage treatment process adopts AAO+MBR process, the sludge treatment process adopts "deep dehydration + sludge transport" process, and the deodorization adopts biological filter deodorization process. The effluent quality meets the Class A standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). The sewage sludge treatment process, energy and material consumption of the plant are all typical and commonly used general types in municipal administration, and the data are representative.

[0021] A method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant, comprising the following steps: A. Carbon emission intensity accounting: By collecting relevant basic data during the operation of the sewage treatment plant, carbon emission accounting is performed to obtain the carbon emission intensity data of the time series, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0022] The relevant basic data are as follows: (1) Nitrous oxide carbon equivalent ; In the formula, E N2O The unit is kgCO2 / m 3 ; Q rb,i is the water volume of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in m 3 TN rb,i is the average influent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; TN eb, is the average effluent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; EF N2O is the N2O emission factor, which is 0.016 kgN2O-N / kgTN; C N2O / N2 is the molecular weight ratio of N2O / N2 (44 / 28); F N2O It is the N2O greenhouse effect index, and its value is 265kg CO2 / kg N2O.

[0023] (2) Methane carbon emission equivalent ; In the formula, E CH4The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; Q ra,i is the water volume of the sewage treatment plant on the i-th day, in m 3 ;COD ra,i is the average influent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; COD ea,i is the average effluent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; SG i is the amount of dry sludge produced by the sewage treatment plant on day i, in kgDS; P v,i is the organic content of dry sludge in the sewage treatment plant on day i (%, %); ρ S Organic matter and COD in sludge cr The conversion coefficient is 1.42 kgCOD cr / kgDS; B 0 is the COD degradation unit of the anaerobic process cr The CH4 yield coefficient is 0.25 kgCH4 / kgCOD cr ; MCF is the CH4 correction factor for the sewage treatment process (in this embodiment, the value is 0.003); F CH4 It is the CH4 greenhouse effect index, and its value is 28kgCO2 / kg CH4.

[0024] (3) Carbon dioxide emission equivalent ; In the formula, E CO2 The unit is kgCO2 / m 3 ; f c is the CO2 emission factor of standard coal, which is 2.7725 kg CO2 / kg standard coal; M f,j is the usage of the jth fossil fuel, calculated based on standard coal, with the unit of kg standard coal; j is the code for the type of fossil fuel; i is the number of types of fossil fuel.

[0025] (4) Carbon emission equivalent of purchased electricity ; In the formula, E e The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f e is the electricity consumption emission factor; w i is the amount of purchased electricity used for production operation on the i-th day, in kWh.

[0026] (5) Carbon emission equivalent of chemical agents ; E c The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f c,g is the CO2 emission factor of the g-th chemical agent; M cg,i is the mass of the g-th chemical used on the i-th day, in kg; g is the code for the type of chemical; m is the number of chemical types.

[0027] Daily average carbon emission intensity .

[0028] B. Carbon emission intensity data preprocessing: Clean, normalize or standardize the collected time series data to eliminate the impact of outliers and dimensional differences on subsequent visual analysis.

[0029] C. Color mapping function definition: Based on the numerical range of carbon emissions, a color mapping function is defined to map the numerical value to a color space. Specifically, the lowest carbon emissions are mapped to light gray and the highest carbon emissions are mapped to dark gray.

[0030] D. Color bar creation: Based on the color mapping function, create a color bar. The color bar adopts a gradient design from light gray to dark gray to represent the correspondence between data values ​​and colors.

[0031] E. Heat map drawing: According to the color mapping function and color bar, the carbon emission data at each time point is converted into corresponding colors and drawn on the heat map, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the horizontal and vertical axes represent the year, month and date respectively, and they together constitute the time plane. Each intersection point of the horizontal and vertical axes represents the carbon emissions data at a specific time point, and these data are intuitively represented by the depth of color.

[0032] F. Image optimization and output: Perform color correction and contrast adjustment on the drawn heat map to enhance the visualization effect, and then output the optimized heat map as an image file or display it directly on the display device.

[0033] The mapping method of the present invention can intuitively display the changing trend and overall distribution characteristics of daily carbon emission intensity in a certain region over the past year. At the same time, the method has the characteristics of strong flexibility and scalability, and can be widely used in visualization analysis scenarios of different types of time series data.

[0034] The mapping method of the present invention has important value and significance in practical applications. It can not only help researchers to have a deeper understanding of the changing trend and distribution characteristics of carbon emissions, but also provide a scientific basis for governments and enterprises to formulate emission reduction policies. In addition, the method also has potential economic benefits. By optimizing the monitoring and analysis process of carbon emissions, it can reduce related costs and improve decision-making efficiency.

Claims

1. A method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant, characterized in that The following steps are involved: A. Carbon emission intensity accounting: By collecting relevant basic data during the operation of the sewage treatment plant, carbon emission accounting is carried out to obtain the carbon emission intensity data of the time series; B. Carbon emission intensity data preprocessing: Clean, normalize or standardize the collected time series data to eliminate the impact of outliers and dimensional differences on subsequent visual analysis; C. Color mapping function definition: Based on the numerical range of carbon emissions, a color mapping function is defined to map the numerical value to a color space; D. Color bar creation: Based on the color mapping function, create a color bar to represent the correspondence between data values ​​and colors; E. Heat map drawing: According to the color mapping function and color bar, the carbon emission data at each time point is converted into corresponding colors and drawn on the heat map; F. Image optimization and output: Perform image processing operations on the drawn heat map to enhance the visualization effect, and then output the optimized heat map as an image file or display it directly on the display device.

2. A method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, the relevant basic data include the carbon emission equivalent of nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide generated by treating a unit volume of sewage, as well as the carbon emission equivalent of purchased electricity and chemical agents consumed to treat a unit volume of sewage; these relevant basic data are summed up to obtain the carbon emission intensity data.

3. A method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: Nitrous oxide carbon equivalent ; In the formula, E N2O The unit is kgCO2 / m 3 ; Q rb,i is the water volume of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in m 3 TN rb,i is the average influent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; TN eb, is the average effluent TN concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; EF N2O is the N2O emission factor, which is 0.016 kgN2O-N / kgTN; C N2O / N2 is the molecular weight ratio of N2O / N2; F N2O It is the N2O greenhouse effect index, and its value is 265kg CO2 / kg N2O.

4. A method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: Methane carbon emissions equivalent ； In the formula, E CH4 The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; Q ra,i is the water volume of the sewage treatment plant on the i-th day, in m 3 ; COD ra,i is the average influent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; COD ea,i is the average effluent COD concentration of the sewage biological treatment unit on the i-th day, in mg / L; SG i is the amount of dry sludge produced by the sewage treatment plant on day i, in kgDS; P v,i is the organic content of the dry sludge in the sewage treatment plant on day i; ρ S Organic matter and COD in sludge cr The conversion coefficient is 1.42 kgCOD cr / kgDS; B 0 is the COD degradation unit of the anaerobic process cr The CH4 yield coefficient is 0.25 kgCH4 / kgCOD cr ; MCF is the CH4 correction factor for the sewage treatment process; F CH4 It is the CH4 greenhouse effect index, and its value is 28kg CO2 / kg CH4.

5. The method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: Carbon dioxide equivalent ; In the formula, E CO2 The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f c is the CO2 emission factor of standard coal, which is 2.7725 kg CO2 / kg standard coal; M f,j is the usage of the jth fossil fuel, calculated based on standard coal, with the unit of kg standard coal; j is the code for the type of fossil fuel; i is the number of types of fossil fuel.

6. The method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: Carbon emissions equivalent of purchased electricity ; In the formula, E e The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f e is the electricity consumption emission factor; w i is the amount of purchased electricity used for production operation on the i-th day, in kWh.

7. The method for visualizing carbon emissions from a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: Carbon Emission Equivalent of Chemical Agents ; E c The unit is kg CO2 / m 3 ; f c,g is the CO2 emission factor of the g-th chemical agent; M cg,i is the mass of the g-th chemical used on the i-th day, in kg; g is the code for the type of chemical; m is the number of chemical types.

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