Efficient and safe tea garden fertilization method capable of stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tea planting, in particular to an efficient and safe tea garden fertilization method capable of stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests. The invention provides an annual fertilization scheme for tea trees. The annual fertilization scheme comprises a germination accelerating fertilizer, a spring fertilizer, a summer fertilizer, an autumn fertilizer and a base fertilizer. The fertilizer provided by the invention is reasonable in nutrient element matching, can meet the nutritional requirements of tea trees in different time periods, so that the yield and quality of the tea trees are improved, and the fertilizer has the effect of preventing and treating diseases and insect pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tea planting, and in particular to a tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests. Background Art

[0002] Tea usually refers to a low-calorie plant beverage made from the new shoots of evergreen shrubs (trees) of the Theaceae family, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. Tea contains tea polyphenols, catechins, caffeine, theanine, inositol, pantothenic acid and other nutrients that can improve human health. Tea drinks are known as "one of the three major non-alcoholic beverages in the world." With the development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for tea is also increasing year by year.

[0003] Tea garden cultivation and management techniques usually include four aspects: tillage, fertilization, pruning, and pest control. Tea garden fertilization mainly involves adding exogenous fertilizers to make up for the soil nutrients consumed by tea trees during long-term growth and picking. Usually, it is based on the soil fertility and the fertilizer requirements of tea trees, and adopts basal fertilizers and formulas to apply nutrients such as N, P, and K in the furrows.

[0004] In recent years, with the intensification of global climate change, the types of dominant pests in tea gardens have also undergone major changes. The frequent occurrence of leaf-feeding pests such as gray tea geometrids and tea horned-breasted leaf beetles has brought serious harm to the stable improvement of tea yield and quality. Ecological tea gardens should avoid the use of chemical pesticides, while biological preparations, sticky insect boards, insecticidal lamps, etc. have limited preventive effects on gray tea geometrids and tea horned-breasted leaf beetles, and also have obvious effects on natural enemies. Therefore, it is urgent to effectively control pests from the source of tea cultivation. According to relevant surveys, the long-term use of the customary fertilization mode of "farmyard manure + compound fertilizer" in tea gardens is an important reason for the frequent occurrence of gray tea geometrids and tea horned-breasted leaf beetles. For this reason, it is urgent to change the single customary fertilization mode. Therefore, how to provide a method for annual fertilization of tea trees that can not only improve the quality and yield of tea, but also effectively inhibit the occurrence of pests in tea gardens is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Apply germination fertilizer in February;

[0009] The germination fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 70-80 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of earthworm enzyme hydrolysate, and 1-5 parts of composite bacterial agent;

[0010] The composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii;

[0011] (2) Use spring fertilizer after the spring tea season ends;

[0012] The spring fertilizer is a special fertilizer for tea trees;

[0013] (3) Use summer fertilizer after the summer tea is over;

[0014] The summer fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 50-60 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 1-5 parts of iron sulfate, and 1-5 parts of boric acid;

[0015] (4) Use autumn fertilizer after the autumn tea season ends;

[0016] The autumn fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 40-50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate;

[0017] (5) Apply basal fertilizer in November;

[0018] Foliar fertilizer is sprayed once 5 to 15 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer and autumn fertilizer respectively; the foliar fertilizer includes the following components in parts by weight: 22 to 26 parts of polygonatum, 20 to 24 parts of cnidium monnieri, 17 to 21 parts of astragalus, 15 to 19 parts of pyrethrum, 14 to 18 parts of stemona, 12 to 16 parts of purslane, 10 to 14 parts of phellodendron, 10 to 14 parts of honeysuckle vine, and 7 to 11 parts of pyrrosia.

[0019] Preferably, the base fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 100-140 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 15-25 parts of rapeseed cake, 5-10 parts of wood ash, 3-5 parts of humic acid, and 20-30 parts of edible fungus residue.

[0020] Preferably, the application amount of the germination fertilizer is 35-40 kg / mu; the application amount of the spring fertilizer is 20-26 kg / mu.

[0021] Preferably, the application amount of the summer fertilizer is 22-26 kg / mu; the application amount of the autumn fertilizer is 15-20 kg / mu; and the application amount of the base fertilizer is 1500-2000 kg / mu.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer is: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; mixing material 1 with water and boiling to obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of the material 1 to water is 1:4-6; and the decoction time is 2-3 hours.

[0024] Preferably, the method for spraying the foliar fertilizer is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 15 to 20 times and then spray it onto the leaf surface until water just drips.

[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of Metarhizium anisopliae, Porphyromonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii is 20-30:16-22:12-16:8-12:3-7:4-6.

[0026] Preferably, the bacterial content of Metarhizium anisopliae, Porphyromonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii is 500 million to 700 million per gram.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a fertilization scheme for tea trees throughout the year, including germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer and base fertilizer. The nutrient elements in the fertilizer are reasonably matched to meet the nutrient requirements of tea trees in different time periods. The present invention controls the application ratio of nutrient elements in different fertilization periods and controls the amount of fertilizer per mu, thereby controlling the fertilization balance, can provide sufficient nutrients for tea trees in different periods, thereby improving the yield and quality of tea trees, and having the effect of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests.

[0029] Magnesium ions are also added to the germination fertilizer used in the present invention. Tea trees are magnesium-loving plants and require more magnesium than general plants. The application of magnesium ions can promote the growth and development of tea trees and improve the quality and yield of tea leaves. Earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate is also added to the germination fertilizer, which is particularly suitable for application during the period when new buds are developing in early spring, and has the effect of promoting the germination of new shoots of tea trees and increasing production. Composite bacterial agents are also added to the germination fertilizer, which include a variety of probiotics, have the effect of insecticides, have a preventive effect on a variety of pests in the soil, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of tea trees.

[0030] Specifically, the green muscardine added by the present invention can induce insects to produce green muscardine disease, and form repeated infection in the population, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling insect pests. Purple spore fungus mainly kills pests by producing bacteriocins, can control a variety of pests, such as aphids, whiteflies, mites, etc., and is harmless to the environment and human body. Bacillus thuringiensis mainly acts through the digestive system of pests. Although it takes effect slowly, the insect control effect lasts for a long time. Rhodopseudomonas palustris can proliferate in the soil, stimulate the proliferation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil, thereby increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, and can also increase the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil by fixing nitrogen and decomposing sulfides, effectively inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, and it can also secrete a variety of active substances beneficial to crops, promote root growth, and improve the stress resistance of crops. Rhizopus oryzae can secrete plant growth hormones and a variety of enzymes, enhance the resistance of crops to diseases, and inhibit the growth of other pathogens. Paecilomyces variotii also has a good insect control effect.

[0031] Boron fertilizer is added to the summer fertilizer provided by the present invention, and the boron fertilizer can promote the growth of tea trees, increase the number and size of tea buds, and also improve the quality and yield of tea leaves. The effects of iron fertilizer on tea trees mainly include enhancing photosynthesis, promoting chlorophyll synthesis, etc. Zinc fertilizer is also added to the summer and autumn fertilizer provided by the present invention, which can improve the immunity and disease resistance of tea trees, and improve the quality and yield of tea leaves.

[0032] The present invention also sprays foliar fertilizer once respectively after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer and autumn fertilizer. The foliar fertilizer is a pure Chinese medicine preparation, which not only has the function of nutritional supplement, but also has the function of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests.

[0033] The honeysuckle vine and pyrrosia added to the foliar fertilizer contain chlorogenic acid, which can effectively inhibit and kill pathogens and improve the immunity of crops. Cnidium monnieri contains osthole, which has the effect of sterilization and insect prevention. Astragalus contains rich nutrients and active substances, which have a significant promoting effect on the growth of tea trees. Polygonatum sibiricum contains rich polysaccharides, flavonoids and other ingredients, which can provide nutrition for plants, increase the growth of crop roots, and promote the growth and development of plants. Pyrethrum, as a component of insecticide, mainly includes pyrethrin and chrysanthemum, which achieves the purpose of insecticide by interfering with insect nerve conduction and has a strong contact killing effect. Stemona contains total alkaloids of Stemona, which has a preventive and control effect on various pests of tea trees. Portulaca oleracea extract has a toxic and repellent effect on various pests, and Phellodendron chinense contains berberine, which is its main insecticidal ingredient.

[0034] The present invention can make the nutrients in the foliar fertilizer act directly on the tea leaves by spraying the foliar fertilizer regularly, thereby improving the absorption effect of the tea leaves on the fertilizer and improving the efficacy of the foliar fertilizer in preventing and controlling pests and diseases. The foliar fertilizer provided by the present invention is natural and has no residue, good environmental compatibility, and a long prevention and control time, and can effectively reduce the economic losses of agricultural products caused by pests. The method of the present invention has an excellent prevention and control effect on tea horn-breasted leaf beetles and gray tea geometrids, and its prevention and control effect is better than that of chemical agents. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention provides a tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Apply germination fertilizer in February;

[0037] The germination fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 70-80 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, and 1-5 parts of composite bacterial agent; the composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae, and Paecilomyces variotii;

[0038] (2) Use spring fertilizer after the spring tea season ends;

[0039] The spring fertilizer is a special fertilizer for tea trees;

[0040] (3) Use summer fertilizer after the summer tea is over;

[0041] The summer fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 50-60 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 1-5 parts of iron sulfate, and 1-5 parts of boric acid;

[0042] (4) Use autumn fertilizer after the autumn tea season ends;

[0043] The autumn fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 40-50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate;

[0044] (5) Apply basal fertilizer in November;

[0045] Foliar fertilizer is sprayed once 5 to 15 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer and autumn fertilizer; preferably 7 to 13 days; more preferably 9 to 11 days; more preferably 10 days.

[0046] In the present invention, the foliage fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 22-26 parts of polygonatum, 20-24 parts of cnidium monnieri, 17-21 parts of astragalus, 15-19 parts of pyrethrum, 14-18 parts of stemona, 12-16 parts of purslane, 10-14 parts of phellodendron, 10-14 parts of honeysuckle, and 7-11 parts of pyrrosia; preferably 23-25 ​​parts of polygonatum, 21-23 parts of cnidium monnieri , 18-20 parts of Astragalus, 16-18 parts of Pyrethrum, 15-17 parts of Stemona, 13-15 parts of Portulaca Oleracea, 11-13 parts of Phellodendron chinense, 11-13 parts of Honeysuckle Caulis, and 8-10 parts of Pyrola; further preferably 24 parts of Polygonatum sibiricum, 22 parts of Cnidium monnieri, 19 parts of Astragalus, 17 parts of Pyrethrum, 16 parts of Stemona, 14 parts of Portulaca Oleracea, 12 parts of Phellodendron chinense, 12 parts of Honeysuckle Caulis, and 9 parts of Pyrola.

[0047] In the present invention, the basal fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 100-140 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 15-25 parts of rapeseed cake, 5-10 parts of wood ash, 3-5 parts of humic acid, and 20-30 parts of edible fungus residue; preferably, 110-130 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 17-23 parts of rapeseed cake, 6-9 parts of wood ash, 4 parts of humic acid, and 22-28 parts of edible fungus residue; further preferably, 120 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 19-21 parts of rapeseed cake, 7-8 parts of wood ash, 4 parts of humic acid, and 24-26 parts of edible fungus residue; more preferably, 120 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20 parts of rapeseed cake, 8 parts of wood ash, 4 parts of humic acid, and 25 parts of edible fungus residue.

[0048] In the present invention, the application amount of the germination fertilizer is 35-40 kg / mu; preferably 36-39 kg / mu; more preferably 38 kg / mu.

[0049] In the present invention, the application amount of the spring fertilizer is 20-26 kg / mu; preferably 21-25 kg / mu; more preferably 22-24 kg / mu; more preferably 23 kg / mu.

[0050] In the present invention, the application amount of the summer fertilizer is 22-26 kg / mu; preferably 21-25 kg / mu; more preferably 22-24 kg / mu; more preferably 23 kg / mu.

[0051] In the present invention, the application amount of the autumn fertilizer is 15-20 kg / mu; preferably 16-19 kg / mu; more preferably 18 kg / mu.

[0052] In the present invention, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 1500-2000 kg / mu; preferably 1600-1900 kg / mu; more preferably 1800 kg / mu.

[0053] In the present invention, the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer is: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; mixing material 1 with water and boiling to obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0054] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the material 1 to water is 1:4-6, preferably 1:5.

[0055] In the present invention, the decocting time is 2 to 3 hours, preferably 3 hours.

[0056] In the present invention, the method for spraying the foliar fertilizer is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 15 to 20 times and then spray it until the leaves are just dripping with water; preferably 16 to 19 times; more preferably 18 times.

[0057] In the present invention, the mass ratio of Metarhizium anisopliae, Porphyromonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii is 20-30:16-22:12-16:8-12:3-7:4-6; preferably 22-28:17-21:13-15:9-11:4-6:5; further preferably 24-26:18-20:14:10:5:5; more preferably 25:19:14:10:5:5.

[0058] In the present invention, the bacterial content of Metarhizium anisopliae, Porphyromonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii is 500 million / g to 700 million / g, preferably 600 million / g.

[0059] In the present invention, the tea tree-specific fertilizer NPK: 18-10-14 contains 5% magnesium.

[0060] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, the steps are as follows:

[0063] (1) Apply 35kg / mu of germination fertilizer in February;

[0064] The germination fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 70 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 0.5 parts of earthworm enzyme hydrolyzate, and 1 part of composite bacterial agent;

[0065] The composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii, with a mass ratio of 20:16:12:8:3:4; and the bacterial content of each of the compounds is 500 million / g.

[0066] (2) After the spring tea season, use 20kg / mu of tea tree fertilizer;

[0067] (3) After the summer tea is finished, use summer fertilizer 22kg / mu;

[0068] The summer fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 1 part of iron sulfate, and 1 part of boric acid;

[0069] (4) After the autumn tea season, use autumn fertilizer at 15 kg / mu;

[0070] The autumn fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 40 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 2 parts of zinc sulfate;

[0071] (5) Apply basal fertilizer of 1500 kg / mu in November;

[0072] The base fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 15 parts of rapeseed cake, 5 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of humic acid, and 20 parts of edible fungus residues; the components are mixed to obtain germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer and base fertilizer respectively.

[0073] (6) Spray foliar fertilizer once every 5 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, and autumn fertilizer; the spraying method is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 15 times and spray it until the leaves just drip water;

[0074] The foliage fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 22 parts of polygonatum, 20 parts of cnidium monnieri, 17 parts of astragalus, 15 parts of pyrethrum, 14 parts of stemona, 12 parts of purslane, 10 parts of phellodendron, 10 parts of honeysuckle vine, and 7 parts of pyrrosia;

[0075] The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; mixing material 1 with water in a mass ratio of 1:4 and boiling for 2 hours to obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, the steps are as follows:

[0078] (1) Apply 40kg / mu of germination fertilizer in February;

[0079] The germination fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 80 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 2 parts of earthworm enzyme hydrolyzate, and 5 parts of composite bacterial agent;

[0080] The composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii, with a mass ratio of 30:22:16:12:7:6; and the bacterial content of each of the compounds is 700 million / g.

[0081] (2) After the spring tea season, use 26kg / mu of tea tree fertilizer;

[0082] (3) After the summer tea is finished, use summer fertilizer 26kg / mu;

[0083] The summer fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 60 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 5 parts of iron sulfate, and 5 parts of boric acid;

[0084] (4) After the autumn tea season, use autumn fertilizer at 20 kg / mu;

[0085] The autumn fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 4 parts of zinc sulfate;

[0086] (5) Apply basal fertilizer of 2000 kg / mu in November;

[0087] The base fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 140 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 25 parts of rapeseed cake, 10 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of humic acid, and 30 parts of edible fungus residues; the components are mixed to obtain germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer and base fertilizer respectively.

[0088] (6) Spray foliar fertilizer once 15 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, and autumn fertilizer; the spraying method is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 20 times and spray it until the leaves just drip water;

[0089] The foliage fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 26 parts of polygonatum, 24 parts of cnidium monnieri, 21 parts of astragalus, 19 parts of pyrethrum, 18 parts of stemona, 16 parts of purslane, 14 parts of phellodendron, 14 parts of honeysuckle, and 11 parts of pyrrosia;

[0090] The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; mixing material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:6 and boiling for 3 hours to obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, the steps are as follows:

[0093] (1) Apply 38kg / mu of germination fertilizer in February;

[0094] The germination fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 75 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 1.5 parts of earthworm enzyme hydrolyzate, and 3 parts of composite bacterial agent;

[0095] The composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii, with a mass ratio of 25:18:14:10:5:5; and the bacterial content of each of the compounds is 600 million / g.

[0096] (2) After the spring tea season, use 23kg / mu of tea tree fertilizer;

[0097] (3) After the summer tea is finished, use summer fertilizer 24kg / mu;

[0098] The summer fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 55 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 3 parts of iron sulfate, and 3 parts of boric acid;

[0099] (4) After the autumn tea season, use autumn fertilizer at 18 kg / mu;

[0100] The autumn fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass: 50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 3 parts of zinc sulfate;

[0101] (5) Apply basal fertilizer of 1800 kg / mu in November;

[0102] The base fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by mass: 130 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20 parts of rapeseed cake, 8 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of humic acid, and 25 parts of edible fungus residues; the components are mixed to obtain germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer and base fertilizer respectively.

[0103] (6) spraying foliar fertilizer once 10 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, and autumn fertilizer; the spraying method is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 18 times and spray it until the leaves just drip water;

[0104] The foliage fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: 23 parts of polygonatum, 23 parts of cnidium monnieri, 19 parts of astragalus, 17 parts of pyrethrum, 16 parts of stemona, 14 parts of purslane, 12 parts of phellodendron, 12 parts of honeysuckle, and 9 parts of pyrrosia;

[0105] The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; mixing material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:5 and boiling for 3 hours to obtain foliar fertilizer.

[0106] Experimental Example 1

[0107] A tea garden in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province was selected for planting experiments. The tea tree variety was Qingyuan green tea, 8 years old. After the experimental land was evenly divided, each experimental group randomly treated three areas.

[0108] Among them, the method of Example 3 was used as the experimental group;

[0109] Control group 1, other methods are the same as Example 3, the only difference is that the foliar fertilizer is replaced by Aipuda light-dynamic tea special ecological light carbon nutrition conditioner (used according to the instructions); Pest control: During the high incidence period of pests, spray 1000 times of thiamethoxam solution until the leaves just drip water.

[0110] Control group 2: other methods were the same as those in Example 3, except that the astragalus, pyrethrum and pyrrosia in the foliar fertilizer were replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0111] Control group 3, other methods are the same as Example 3, the only difference is that the composite bacterial agent in the germination fertilizer is replaced by an equal amount of distilled water.

[0112] Control group 4: other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii in the composite bacterial agent are replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0113] Each test group was treated according to its own method for two years. In the third year, the yield of one bud and two leaves of spring tea, summer tea and autumn tea of ​​each test group was counted and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 1. The content of tea polyphenols and amino acids in autumn tea of ​​each test group was investigated and counted, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0114] Table 1 Tea production (kg / hm 2 )

[0115] Group Spring Tea Summer Tea Autumn Tea Experimental Group 374.2 4125.5 1854.7 Control group 1 314.0 3321.6 1352.7 Control group 2 346.6 3894.2 1674.2 Control group 3 325.7 3547.9 1447.5 Control group 4 338.4 3685.3 1543.4

[0116] Table 2 Statistics of tea polyphenols and amino acid contents (percentage of measured substances in sample water extract) / %

[0117] Group Tea polyphenols% Caffeine% Water extract % Experimental Group 25.68 3.18 39.68 Control group 1 21.74 2.84 32.14 Control group 2 23.15 3.07 37.53 Control group 3 22.54 2.95 34.33 Control group 4 22.86 3.04 36.25

[0118] It can be seen from the records in Table 1 and Table 2 that the method of the present invention can significantly improve the yield and quality of tea leaves, and its experimental effect data is significantly better than that of other control groups. It can be seen from the data of the control group that only by using a complete formula of foliar fertilizer and germination fertilizer can the best technical effect be achieved. If it is replaced with fertilizers in other prior arts, or some components are discarded, the fertilizer effect of the fertilizer will be significantly affected.

[0119] Experimental Example 2

[0120] The pest control effect of the efficient and safe fertilization method for tea gardens for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests of the present invention was verified.

[0121] The experimental group, control group 1, and control group 2 were the same as those in Experimental Example 1;

[0122] During the period from May to October, when the tea leaf beetle and gray tea geometrid were at high risk, a total of 100 leaves were randomly selected from 5 locations in each plot to count whether there were insect pests. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0123] Table 3 Statistical table of control effect on tea leaf beetle and gray tea looper

[0124] Group Tea-horned leaf beetle Geometridae Experimental Group 93.52％ 94.27％ Control group 1 81.84％ 80.35％ Control group 2 78.33％ 75.92％

[0125] From the contents recorded in Table 3, it can be seen that the method of the present invention has an excellent control effect on tea leaf beetles and gray tea geometrids, and its control effect is better than that of chemical agents. From the data of control group 2, it can be seen that only by using the complete foliar fertilizer formula of the present invention can the best effect of controlling pests be achieved.

[0126] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Apply germination fertilizer in February; The germination fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of earthworm enzyme hydrolysate, and 1-5 parts of composite bacterial agent; The composite bacterial agent comprises: Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii; (2) Use spring fertilizer after the spring tea season ends; The spring fertilizer is a special fertilizer for tea trees; (3) Use summer fertilizer after the summer tea is over; The summer fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 50-60 parts of tea tree special fertilizer, 1-5 parts of iron sulfate, and 1-5 parts of boric acid; (4) Use autumn fertilizer after the autumn tea season ends; The autumn fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 40-50 parts of tea tree special fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate; (5) Apply basal fertilizer in November; Foliar fertilizer is sprayed once 5 to 15 days after applying germination fertilizer, spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer and autumn fertilizer respectively; the foliar fertilizer includes the following components in parts by weight: 22 to 26 parts of polygonatum, 20 to 24 parts of cnidium monnieri, 17 to 21 parts of astragalus, 15 to 19 parts of pyrethrum, 14 to 18 parts of stemona, 12 to 16 parts of purslane, 10 to 14 parts of phellodendron, 10 to 14 parts of honeysuckle vine, and 7 to 11 parts of pyrrosia.

2. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 15-25 parts of rapeseed cake, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of humic acid, and 20-30 parts of edible fungus residue.

3. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application amount of the germination fertilizer is 35-40 kg / mu; the application amount of the spring fertilizer is 20-26 kg / mu.

4. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application amount of the summer fertilizer is 22-26 kg / mu; the application amount of the autumn fertilizer is 15-20 kg / mu; and the application amount of the base fertilizer is 1500-2000 kg / mu.

5. The tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing polygonatum, cnidium monnieri, astragalus, pyrethrum, stemona, purslane, phellodendron, honeysuckle and pyrrosia to obtain material 1; and mixing material 1 with water and boiling to obtain the foliar fertilizer.

6. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the material 1 to water is 1:4-6; and the decoction time is 2-3 hours.

7. The tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying method of the foliar fertilizer is: dilute the foliar fertilizer 15 to 20 times and then spray it to the leaf surface until water just drips.

8. The tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii is 20-30:16-22:12-16:8-12:3-7:4-6.

9. A tea garden efficient and safe fertilization method for stabilizing yield, improving quality and inhibiting pests according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The bacterial contents of Metarhizium anisopliae, Pseudomonas lilacinus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhizopus oryzae and Paecilomyces variotii are all 500 million to 700 million per gram.