Method for improving seedling uniformity of radix paeoniae rubra from Sichuan of China

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material seedling raising, and discloses a method for improving seedling raising uniformity of radix paeoniae rubra in Sichuan, which adopts a covering material with a double-layer film or multi-layer film structure to improve the soil temperature and humidity regulation and control capability. The novel covering film material can comprise a layer of light reflecting film and a layer of light absorbing film, so that heat preservation and moisture preservation can be realized, and the growth of weeds can be controlled. The way of laying may also be further optimized, such as by mechanical laying to ensure uniformity of the covering and durability of the film. An intelligent water and fertilizer management system is introduced, a soil humidity sensor and a nutrient monitoring device are combined, the moisture and nutrient content of field soil is monitored in real time, and the time and dosage of irrigation and fertilization are accurately controlled. In the cultivation management process, application of biological control and green plant protection technologies is added, such as natural control means of natural enemy insects, plant extracts and the like, use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and meanwhile the disease resistance of crops is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material seedling cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony root seedling cultivation. Background Art

[0002] At present, Sichuan red peony has a high medicinal value. In recent years, the phenomenon of over-collection and over-digging of wild Sichuan red peony has become increasingly serious. At present, the wild Sichuan red peony resources are very scarce. Although relevant departments have begun to take protective measures, people have never stopped digging for wild Sichuan red peony resources. If we do not carry out truly effective protection and artificial breeding, as the distribution area and area of ​​the species continue to shrink, the loss of a large number of germplasm resources will be inevitable.

[0003] Sichuan red peony seeds have unique double dormancy characteristics. It usually takes 1-2 months of high temperature (25-30℃) to break the hypocotyl dormancy before the seeds can break the shell and grow roots; when the root system grows to a certain length, it usually takes 1-3 months of low temperature below 5℃ to break the epicotyl dormancy and germinate. Sichuan red peony seeds sown in the same year are conducive to breaking the hypocotyl dormancy (i.e. root dormancy) at a higher temperature, and low temperature breaks the epicotyl dormancy (i.e. bud dormancy) to germinate. It can be seen that only new roots can be sent out in the same year, and its young shoots can germinate in the spring of the following year after the low temperature in winter. Therefore, the reproduction of Sichuan red peony has strict requirements on temperature, and the seedling breeding cycle is long, which aggravates the resource crisis. Therefore, due to the influence of temperature, climate and other environmental factors, the traditional seedling raising method of Sichuan red peony has a low germination rate and uneven germination. The wild Sichuan red peony resource reserves are small, and the natural regeneration rate is low; at the same time, the existing Sichuan red peony rapid seedling raising technology in late summer and early autumn is single, with low and uneven germination rate and high cost. Therefore, it is urgent to design a method to improve the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0005] (1) The seeds of Paeonia lactiflora have double dormancy characteristics, and the natural regeneration rate of Paeonia lactiflora is low.

[0006] (2) The existing rapid seedling raising technology for Sichuan red peony root in late summer and early autumn is single, with low economic benefits and uneven seedling emergence.

[0007] (3) The seedlings after digging are in a mess. If they are two-year-old seedlings, they may actually contain one-year-old seedlings due to uneven emergence. This affects sales and increases the cost of selecting seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling cultivation.

[0009] The present invention is achieved in that a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling cultivation comprises:

[0010] Step 1: Screening of excellent varieties: Selecting seeds of Sichuan red peony root and pea;

[0011] Step 2: Land preparation and fertilization: Apply decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm manure, and organic fertilizer before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land;

[0012] Step 3: Full film covering: using a covering material with a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure;

[0013] Step 4: Sow at the right time: sow peas in late March of the same year, and sow red peony root in early August;

[0014] Step 5, field management: carry out seedling thinning and topdressing of pea and red peony root; through the intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, the field climate conditions are monitored in real time, and the ventilation and light adjustment time and intensity are accurately controlled; in the process of cultivation management, biological control methods are used, insect natural enemies and microbial preparations are used to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, while enhancing the ability of crops to resist diseases and pests;

[0015] Step 6: Harvest: Harvest peas in late July of the current year, and harvest Sichuan red peony seedlings in October of the following year;

[0016] Step seven, storage of Sichuan red peony seedlings: after digging, store the Sichuan red peony seedlings in a ventilated, low-temperature environment.

[0017] The following are four dependent claims according to the invention:

[0018] The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm castings, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can enhance the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of crop roots.

[0019] The intelligent climate monitoring system comprehensively monitors the field environment through air temperature and humidity sensors, light monitoring devices and wind speed sensors, and can automatically adjust ventilation and shading conditions to ensure a suitable seedling environment.

[0020] The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0021] The Sichuan red peony seedlings are preserved by adopting low-temperature refrigeration technology after being dug, and ventilation equipment is used during storage to maintain appropriate air circulation and humidity to ensure the vitality and health of the seedlings.

[0022] Furthermore, the screening of superior varieties includes: selecting three-year-old seeds with strong disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance for Sichuan red peony seeds, and picking the seeds just after they turn green. Selecting Dingwan No. 4 seeds suitable for planting for peas;

[0023] The land preparation and fertilization includes: selecting a flat plot of land, applying 15kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure before land preparation. 2 The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm manure, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of the crop root system.

[0024] Furthermore, a covering material with a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure is used.

[0025] Furthermore, the timely sowing also includes: pea sowing, with a row spacing of 20 cm, sowing in late March of the first year, 80,000 plants per mu, harvesting peas from mid to late July, and hole sowing of Sichuan red peony seeds in early August using a spot sowing gun, with 3 Sichuan red peony seeds sown in each hole, wherein the row spacing is 10 cm, the hole spacing is 5 cm, and the sowing amount of Sichuan red peony is 62.0 kg / mu.

[0026] Furthermore, the field management specifically includes:

[0027] (1) Seedling transplanting and topdressing of pea and red peony root;

[0028] Apply 15kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure as base fertilizer before sowing peas 2 ; Topdressing was carried out on Sichuan red peony when the seedling height was 10 cm, and the fertilizer was fully decomposed feces and manure;

[0029] The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm manure, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of the crop root system.

[0030] (2) Disease and insect pest control of pea and red peony root during the seedling and growth stages;

[0031] The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0032] The Sichuan red peony seedlings are preserved by adopting low-temperature refrigeration technology after being dug, and ventilation equipment is used during storage to maintain appropriate air circulation and humidity to ensure the vitality and health of the seedlings.

[0033] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings, comprising:

[0034] Screening module, used to screen excellent varieties: pea and Sichuan red peony seed selection;

[0035] Land preparation and fertilization module, used to apply decomposed farmyard manure before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and press the land;

[0036] Full film flat covering: using double-layer film or multi-layer film structure covering material;

[0037] The sowing module is used to sow peas in late March and red peony root in early August;

[0038] The field management module is used for the seedling determination and topdressing of pea and red peony. Through the intelligent water and fertilizer management system, combined with soil moisture sensors and nutrient monitoring devices, the moisture and nutrient content of field soil can be monitored in real time, and the time and dosage of irrigation and fertilization can be accurately controlled. In the process of cultivation management, natural prevention and control methods such as natural enemies of insects and plant extracts are used to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and enhance the disease resistance of crops.

[0039] The harvesting module is used to harvest peas in late July of the current year, and the Sichuan red peony seedlings are dug in October of the following year;

[0040] Sichuan red peony seedling storage module is used for Sichuan red peony storage.

[0041] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0042] First, Sichuan red peony root is a seed with double dormancy characteristics, and the survival rate of natural reproduction is low. In the arid areas of Northwest China, due to the high altitude and cold climate, the problem of uneven seedling cultivation becomes how to improve the seedling rate and uniformity. Sichuan red peony root has high economic value and a large market gap, but its unique seed characteristics make the seed reproduction rate low and the seed emergence rate uneven. By consulting and investigating the ecological factors such as the geographical latitude, altitude, light conditions, temperature changes and moisture required for the normal growth of Sichuan red peony root, the present invention improves the seedling rate by covering the sunshade net, effectively solving the problem of low seedling rate and uneven emergence of Sichuan red peony root in field production.

[0043] The present invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding. In the traditional open field seedling breeding in the northwest region, due to the high altitude, cold climate and other reasons, the emergence rate of Sichuan red peony in the first year is 29.73%, and the emergence rate in the second year is 34.78%. In the seedling stage, due to the uneven emergence, some seedlings re-emerge in the second year, and the emergence rate increases by about 5.05%. The sunshade net technology plays a shading and protective role, and the emergence rate is increased to 71.17%, and the emergence rate is uniform, and the emergence rate is increased to 72.72%, and the emergence rate is increased by about 1.55%, which effectively solves the problem of uneven emergence rate, low emergence rate and seedling rate in field production. Compared with the traditional seedling breeding method, the present invention maintains soil moisture, improves the emergence rate, and ensures the uniformity of the number of seedlings, which is conducive to saving costs and improving the seedling grade, thereby improving the seedling breeding efficiency.

[0044] The use of double-layer or multi-layer covering materials can improve the ability to regulate soil temperature and humidity. The new covering film material can include a light-reflecting film and a light-absorbing film, which can not only keep warm and moist, but also control weed growth. The laying method can also be further optimized, for example, through mechanized laying to ensure the uniformity of the covering and the durability of the film.

[0045] Double-layer or multi-layer film materials can better control ground temperature and moisture, reduce water evaporation, and promote the growth of Sichuan red peony seedlings. At the same time, mechanized laying methods can improve efficiency, reduce labor costs, and ensure the flatness and durability of the covering film.

[0046] An intelligent water and fertilizer management system is introduced, combined with soil moisture sensors and nutrient monitoring devices to monitor the moisture and nutrient content of field soil in real time, and accurately control the timing and dosage of irrigation and fertilization.

[0047] Through the intelligent water and fertilizer management system, precise fertilization and irrigation can be achieved, avoiding waste of fertilizer and water, reducing environmental pollution, and ensuring the healthy growth of seedlings and improving yield and quality.

[0048] During the cultivation and management process, increase the application of biological control and green plant protection technologies, such as using natural control methods such as natural enemies of insects and plant extracts, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and enhance the disease resistance of crops.

[0049] Biological control technology can reduce the use of chemical agents, reduce the amount of pesticide residues in crops, and improve the safety and market competitiveness of agricultural products. In addition, it can also enhance the natural disease resistance of crops and reduce the impact of pests and diseases on yields.

[0050] Introduce organic matter and microbial agents to improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and eliminate soil barriers that may be caused by continuous cropping. Soil conditioners such as biochar and humic acid can be added during the land preparation and fertilization steps to increase soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capabilities.

[0051] Through soil improvement, the soil environment can be effectively improved, the growth and development of Sichuan red peony seedlings can be promoted, and their survival rate and growth rate can be increased. At the same time, eliminating obstacles to continuous cropping can ensure long-term high and stable yields of crops, extend the service life of cultivated land, and improve farmland utilization efficiency.

[0052] Second, the technical solution of the present invention solves several key problems in the prior art in industrial applications and has achieved significant technical progress, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0053] 1. Solve the problem of low uniformity of seedling cultivation: In the prior art, due to the uneven supply of soil moisture and nutrients during the seedling cultivation process, the emergence of crops is inconsistent. On the other hand, due to the double dormancy characteristics of Sichuan red peony root, the uniformity of seedling cultivation and the final yield are affected. The present invention uses an intelligent water and fertilizer management system, combined with a soil moisture sensor and a nutrient monitoring device, to monitor the moisture and nutrient content in the field in real time, and accurately control the time and dosage of irrigation and fertilization. The system effectively solves the problem of uneven water and fertilizer supply, ensures the consistency of crops throughout the growth process, and greatly improves the uniformity of seedling cultivation.

[0054] 2. Reduce the use of pesticides and improve crop disease resistance: Traditional pest control in the seedling raising process often relies on chemical pesticides, which leads to environmental pollution and crop resistance. The present invention reduces the use of chemical pesticides and reduces the impact on the environment by using natural control methods such as natural enemy insects and plant extracts. At the same time, this method can enhance the disease resistance of crops, reduce the threat of pests and diseases to crops, and improve the overall yield and quality.

[0055] 3. Improve seedling raising efficiency and resource utilization: In the prior art, the utilization efficiency of resources during the planting process is low, especially in the use of water, fertilizer and land. The present invention makes full use of land resources through full film covering technology, optimizes the configuration of light, water and heat, and improves the overall efficiency of seedling raising and crop production. Full film covering also effectively reduces water evaporation, enhances the heat preservation effect, and further promotes the healthy growth of crops.

[0056] 4. Optimize harvesting and storage management: Improper traditional harvesting and storage management methods can easily lead to seedling damage or improper storage, affecting the survival rate and quality of crops. The present invention uses scientific harvesting and storage methods to harvest Sichuan red peony in stages at the best time, and uses low-temperature storage and appropriate ventilation technology to protect the seedlings, effectively extending the shelf life of the seedlings, and improving the survival rate of Sichuan red peony seedlings and the later planting effect.

[0057] In summary, the present invention solves the problems of seedling uniformity, excessive use of pesticides, waste of resources, etc. through a series of innovative technologies and management methods, significantly improves the seedling efficiency, disease resistance and environmental friendliness of Sichuan red peony root, and has broad industrial application prospects and technological progress.

[0058] Third, the main parameters of the present invention include the selection of seedling varieties, fertilizer types and fertilizer application rates, the number of layers of film covering materials, the control of sowing time, etc. In the seedling raising process, the selection of seeds of Sichuan red peony root and pea is the key to determine the success of seedling raising, and the types of fertilizers such as decomposed farmyard manure, vermicompost, organic fertilizers, etc. also directly affect the soil fertility and the growth rate of seedlings. In addition, the structure and material selection of multilayer film covering can effectively maintain the humidity and temperature of the soil, and the timely sowing of Sichuan red peony root and pea ensures the complementarity during growth.

[0059] In the prior art, the seedling cultivation of Paeonia lactiflora is faced with the problems of low emergence rate, poor uniformity of seedlings and low survival rate. The main reasons are improper soil management, uneven quality of seeds and single fertilization technology. In addition, the instability of environmental factors such as moisture and temperature in the traditional seedling cultivation process can also cause uneven growth of seedlings in the seedling cultivation process. The present invention solves these problems and improves the quality of the entire seedling cultivation by optimizing seed selection, soil improvement and planting management.

[0060] Compared with the existing seedling raising technology, the present invention has made technical progress in many aspects. First, by screening high-quality Sichuan red peony seeds and pea seeds, the emergence rate and the uniformity of seedlings are significantly improved. Secondly, by combining organic fertilizer and multi-layer film covering technology, the moisture and nutritional environment of the soil are effectively improved, ensuring the rapid and uniform growth of seedlings. In addition, the optimized sowing time and scientific field management methods avoid resource competition, so that the survival rate of Sichuan red peony seedlings is significantly improved.

[0061] The present invention significantly improves the uniformity and survival rate of Sichuan red peony seedlings by integrating high-quality seed selection, soil management, film covering and scientific sowing management, overcomes many problems in traditional technologies, and achieves a major improvement in seedling technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for improving uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedlings provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a system for improving uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedlings provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 3 It is a planting simulation diagram of a method for improving uniformity of breeding of red peony seedlings provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 4 These are photos of actual planting of a method for improving uniformity of breeding of red peony root seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention; a. land preparation, furrowing and sowing of peas; b. seeds that have just been harvested and turned green; c. covering with different mulch films and sunshade nets; d. red peony root has been sown; e. harvested red peony root. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for improving uniformity of seedling cultivation of red peony root provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0068] S101, screening of superior varieties: selection of Sichuan red peony seeds and pea seeds;

[0069] S102, land preparation and fertilization: before land preparation, apply decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm castings, and organic fertilizers, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land;

[0070] S103, full film flat covering: using double-layer film or multi-layer film structure covering material;

[0071] S104, sowing at the right time: sowing peas in late March of the same year, and sowing red peony in early August;

[0072] S105, Field Management: Perform seedling thinning and topdressing of pea and red peony root; use intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, to monitor field climate conditions in real time, and accurately control ventilation and light adjustment time and intensity; in the process of cultivation management, use biological control methods, insect natural enemies and microbial preparations to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and enhance the ability of crops to resist diseases and pests;

[0073] S106, Harvest: Peas are harvested in late July of the current year, and Sichuan red peony seedlings are dug in October of the following year;

[0074] S107, Storage of red peony root seedlings: After harvesting, store the red peony root seedlings in a ventilated and low-temperature environment.

[0075] The core working principle of this method is to improve the uniformity and quality of Sichuan red peony seedlings through a scientific planting management process. First, in the seed screening stage, Sichuan red peony and pea varieties with stable growth and strong disease resistance are given priority to ensure the quality of seedlings from the source. High-quality seeds can show good growth consistency in subsequent growth, laying a good foundation for the uniformity of seedlings. In the land preparation and fertilization stage, natural fertilizers such as decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm castings, and organic fertilizers are used to increase soil fertility, improve soil structure, and provide balanced nutrition for seedling growth.

[0076] Secondly, the full-film flat covering technology is used to reduce water evaporation and improve soil moisture retention through double-layer or multi-layer film covering materials. The covering film can regulate the surface temperature and humidity, ensure the stability of the seedling environment, and help seed germination and uniform growth of seedlings. At the same time, the timely sowing technology ensures that Sichuan red peony and pea are sown at the best time, avoiding the adverse effects caused by changes in climatic conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the seedling process.

[0077] During the field management stage, the intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, adjusts the ventilation and light conditions in the field in real time. This refined management method ensures that seedlings in different growth stages can obtain a suitable growth environment. In addition, biological control methods such as insect natural enemies and microbial preparations are used to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, improve the disease and pest resistance of Sichuan red peony, and ensure the healthy growth of seedlings.

[0078] Finally, in the harvesting and storage stage, peas are harvested in late July of the same year, while Sichuan red peony seedlings are dug in October of the following year. After being dug, Sichuan red peony seedlings need to be stored in a ventilated, low-temperature environment to ensure their activity and provide high-quality seedlings for subsequent transplanting or processing. This precise harvesting and storage technology ensures the stable quality of Sichuan red peony seedlings and further improves the uniformity and growth consistency of seedling cultivation.

[0079] The screening of superior varieties provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: selecting pea seeds with strong disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance, and harvesting Sichuan red peony seeds from seeds that are picked just after turning green in the third year;

[0080] The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm castings, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can enhance the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of crop roots.

[0081] The intelligent climate monitoring system comprehensively monitors the field environment through air temperature and humidity sensors, light monitoring devices and wind speed sensors, and can automatically adjust ventilation and shading conditions to ensure a suitable seedling environment.

[0082] The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0083] The Sichuan red peony seedlings are preserved by adopting low-temperature refrigeration technology after being dug, and ventilation equipment is used during storage to maintain appropriate air circulation and humidity to ensure the vitality and health of the seedlings.

[0084] Furthermore, the screening of superior varieties includes: selecting three-year-old seeds with strong disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance for Sichuan red peony seeds, and picking the seeds just after they turn green. Selecting Dingwan No. 4 seeds suitable for planting for peas;

[0085] The land preparation and fertilization includes: selecting a flat plot of land, applying 60,000 kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure before land preparation 2 The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm manure, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of the crop root system.

[0086] Furthermore, a covering material with a double-layer film or a multi-layer film structure is used.

[0087] Furthermore, the timely sowing also includes: pea sowing, with a row spacing of 20, sowing in late March of the first year, 80,000 plants per mu, harvesting peas from mid to late July, and hole sowing of Sichuan red peony seeds in early August using a spot sowing gun, with 3 seeds of red peony sown in each hole, with a row spacing of 10 cm, a hole spacing of 5 cm, and a sowing amount of 62.0 kg / mu.

[0088] Furthermore, the field management specifically includes:

[0089] (1) Seedling transplanting and topdressing of pea and red peony root;

[0090] Apply 15kg / hm2 of decomposed farmyard manure as base fertilizer before sowing peas 2 ; Topdressing was carried out on Sichuan red peony when the seedling height was 10 cm, and the fertilizer was fully decomposed feces and manure;

[0091] The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm manure, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of the crop root system.

[0092] (2) Disease and insect pest control of pea and red peony root during the seedling and growth stages;

[0093] The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0094] The Sichuan red peony seedlings are preserved by low-temperature refrigeration technology after being dug, and ventilation equipment is used during storage to maintain appropriate air circulation and humidity to ensure the vitality and health of the seedlings. Figure 2 As shown, a system for improving uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedlings provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0095] Screening module, used to screen excellent varieties: pea seeds and Sichuan red peony seeds;

[0096] Land preparation and fertilization module, used to apply decomposed farmyard manure, biochar, humic acid before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land;

[0097] Full membrane flat covering module, used for covering materials with double membrane or multi-layer membrane structure;

[0098] The sowing module is used to sow peas in late March of the same year, and Sichuan red peony seeds in August;

[0099] The field management module is used for the seedling determination and topdressing of pea and red peony. Through the intelligent water and fertilizer management system, combined with soil moisture sensors and nutrient monitoring devices, the moisture and nutrient content of field soil can be monitored in real time, and the time and dosage of irrigation and fertilization can be accurately controlled. In the process of cultivation management, natural prevention and control methods such as natural enemies of insects and plant extracts are used to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and enhance the disease resistance of crops.

[0100] The harvesting module is used to harvest peas in mid-to-late August of the current year, and Sichuan red peony seeds are dug according to demand in October of the following year;

[0101] The Sichuan red peony seedling storage module is used for Sichuan red peony seedling storage: the Sichuan red peony seedlings are buried after digging.

[0102] Example 1

[0103] The invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding, which is a method of covering with a sunshade net. The method is suitable for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling emergence and economic benefits. Through the double-rest feature of Sichuan red peony, compared with the traditional seedling raising method, the emergence rate of Sichuan red peony is increased to more than 70%, and the labor cost of selecting one or two-year seedlings is saved by more than 80%, achieving the goal of Sichuan red peony seedlings emerging in one year, while greatly improving the economic benefits, reducing the cost, and effectively solving the bottleneck of Sichuan red peony seedling raising in field production.

[0104] The method for improving the uniformity of breeding of red peony root seedlings provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0105] Step 1, screening of excellent varieties: selection of Sichuan red peony seeds and pea seeds;

[0106] Step 2, land preparation and fertilization: Apply decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm castings, and organic fertilizer before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land;

[0107] Step 3, full film covering: using a covering material with a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure;

[0108] Step 4, sowing at the right time: sow peas in late March of the same year, and sow red peony root in early August;

[0109] Step 5, field management: carry out seedling thinning and topdressing of pea and red peony root; through the intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, the climate conditions in the field are monitored in real time, and the ventilation and light adjustment time and intensity are accurately controlled; in the process of cultivation management, biological control methods are used, insect natural enemies and microbial preparations are used to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, while enhancing the ability of crops to resist diseases and pests;

[0110] Step 6, harvesting: harvest peas in late July of the current year, and Sichuan red peony seedlings in October of the following year;

[0111] Step 7, storage of red peony root seedlings: after digging, store the red peony root seedlings in a ventilated and low-temperature environment.

[0112] The following are four dependent claims according to the invention:

[0113] The present invention significantly improves the emergence rate and uniformity of Sichuan red peony. In the traditional field seedling cultivation in the northwest region, due to the high altitude, cold climate and other reasons, the emergence rate of Sichuan red peony in open-field seedling cultivation is low and uneven, and the general seedling rate is only 29.73%. When the third year is green, new Sichuan red peony is planted and germinated. When the seedlings are dug, the seedling rate is increased to 34.78%. However, due to the uneven emergence of seedlings, a large amount of manual labor is required to select one-year and two-year-old seedlings after the seedlings are dug. The method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding by using the interplanting technology plays a role in shading and protection, and can increase the seedling rate to more than 70%, effectively solving the problem of low and uneven emergence rate of Sichuan red peony in field production.

[0114] The invention can improve the uniformity of the emergence rate of red peony root by covering with a double-layer film.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding. According to the environmental requirements for the growth of Sichuan red peony seedlings, the method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding by full film covering can not only play a shading and protection effect, but also improve the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling emergence. Compared with traditional open-field seedling cultivation, the emergence rate of Sichuan red peony is increased by more than 20%, and the individual quality is excellent (seedling length increases by 37.57%).

[0117] The method for improving the uniformity of breeding of red peony root seedlings provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0118] Step 1: Screening of excellent varieties: Selecting seeds of Sichuan red peony root and pea;

[0119] Step 2: Land preparation and fertilization: Apply decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm manure, and organic fertilizer before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land;

[0120] Step 3: Full film covering: using a covering material with a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure;

[0121] Step 4: Sow at the right time: sow peas in late March of the same year, and sow red peony root in early August;

[0122] Step 5, field management: carry out seedling thinning and topdressing of pea and red peony root; through the intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, the field climate conditions are monitored in real time, and the ventilation and light adjustment time and intensity are accurately controlled; in the process of cultivation management, biological control methods are used, insect natural enemies and microbial preparations are used to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, while enhancing the ability of crops to resist diseases and pests;

[0123] Step 6: Harvest: Harvest peas in late July of the current year, and harvest Sichuan red peony seedlings in October of the following year;

[0124] Step seven, storage of Sichuan red peony seedlings: after digging, store the Sichuan red peony seedlings in a ventilated, low-temperature environment.

[0125] The planting simulation diagram of the method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling breeding. The planting real scene photo is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0126] Experiments show that by using the method of the present invention to cover the red peony with a full film, the seedling rate is increased by 37.94%, and the uniformity of the seedlings is increased by 3.5%, which is enough to show that the use of the full film to cover the red peony seedlings has the effect of increasing the seedling rate and improving the seedling rate of the red peony seedlings. At the same time, the labor cost of dividing the one-year seedlings and the two-year seedlings is reduced, thereby improving the economic benefits of the red peony seedlings.

[0127] Table 1 Seedling raising methods of Paeonia lactiflora with different treatments

[0128]

[0129] Table 2 Seedling index per square meter of Sichuan red peony root

[0130]

[0131] Table 3 Individual quality indicators of Paeonia lactiflora in different treatments

[0132]

[0133] Table 4 Economic benefit analysis of different treatments

[0134]

[0135] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the uniformity of Sichuan red peony seedling cultivation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Screening of excellent varieties: Selecting seeds of Sichuan red peony root and pea; Step 2: Land preparation and fertilization: Apply decomposed farmyard manure, earthworm manure, and organic fertilizer before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land; Step 3: Full film covering: using a covering material with a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure; Step 4: Sow at the right time: sow peas in late March of the same year, and sow red peony root in early August; Step 5, field management: carry out seedling determination and topdressing of pea and red peony root; Step 6: Harvest: Harvest peas in late July of the current year, and harvest Sichuan red peony seedlings in October of the following year; Step seven, storage of Sichuan red peony seedlings: after digging, store the Sichuan red peony seedlings in a ventilated, low-temperature environment.

2. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The screening of superior varieties includes: the screening of superior varieties provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: pea seeds are selected with strong disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance, and Sichuan red peony seeds are harvested from seeds that are just picked when they turn green in the third year; The Sichuan red peony seedlings are preserved by adopting low-temperature refrigeration technology after being dug, and ventilation equipment is used during storage to maintain appropriate air circulation and humidity to ensure the vitality and health of the seedlings.

3. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The covering material adopts a three-layer film or a multi-layer film structure.

4. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein: Step five also includes: through an intelligent climate monitoring system, combined with air temperature and humidity sensors and light monitoring devices, real-time monitoring of field climate conditions can be achieved, and ventilation and light adjustment time and intensity can be precisely controlled; in the cultivation and management process, biological control methods are used, insect natural enemies and microbial preparations are used, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is reduced, and the ability of crops to resist diseases and pests is enhanced.

5. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The field management specifically includes: the intelligent climate monitoring system comprehensively monitors the field environment through air temperature and humidity sensors, light monitoring devices and wind speed sensors, and can automatically adjust ventilation and shading conditions to ensure a suitable seedling environment.

6. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

7. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposed farmyard manure further includes earthworm castings, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. The fertilization method can enhance the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil fertility during the seedling raising period, and promote the development of crop roots.

8. The method for improving uniformity of raising red peony root seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological control means include the use of green control measures, such as releasing predatory natural enemy insects or applying biological agents, to effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides.

9. A system for improving uniformity of seedlings of red peony root for implementing the method for improving uniformity of seedlings of red peony root as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system for improving uniformity of raising red peony seedlings comprises: Screening module, used to screen excellent varieties: pea seeds and Sichuan red peony seeds; Land preparation and fertilization module, used to apply decomposed farmyard manure, biochar, humic acid before land preparation, remove weeds in time after deep plowing, and compact the land; Full membrane flat covering module, used for covering materials with double membrane or multi-layer membrane structure; The sowing module is used to sow peas in mid-to-late March and red peony root in early August; The field management module uses an intelligent water and fertilizer management system, combined with soil moisture sensors and nutrient monitoring devices, to monitor the moisture and nutrient content of field soil in real time, and accurately control the time and dosage of irrigation and fertilization. In the process of cultivation management, natural pest control methods such as natural enemies and plant extracts are used to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and enhance the disease resistance of crops. The harvesting module is used to harvest peas in late July of the current year, and the Sichuan red peony seedlings are dug in October of the following year; The Sichuan red peony seedling storage module is used for storing Sichuan red peony seedlings. After digging, the Sichuan red peony seedlings are stored in a ventilated and low-temperature environment.

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