Method for trapping and killing parthenogenetic winged aphis gossypii gossypii by using attractant and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of pest attractants. The invention discloses a method for trapping and killing winged aphis gossypii glover by using an attractant, which comprises the following steps: preparing DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol and dibutyl phthalate into the attractant in proportion, and embedding the attractant into preheated agar gel; when the attractant is applied, the agar gel embedded with the attractant is placed in the natural rubber lure core head and sealed to prepare lure cores, the lure cores are attached to the two sides of the yellow sticky trap, the yellow sticky trap is placed in a cotton field, and the winged aphis gossypii glover is trapped. The components of the attractant are all plant volatile components, so that the attractant is green, safe and environment-friendly, and does not cause environmental pollution; the attractant components are low in cost, and the lure and the trap device are easy to manufacture. By trapping the first-generation parthenogenetic winged aphis gossypii gossypii immigrated into the cotton field in the cotton seedling stage, the cardinal number of the cotton field aphis gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii gossypii

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of pest attractants, and in particular relates to a method for killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids by using the attractant. Background Art

[0002] Cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) are worldwide agricultural pests that harm crops by sucking plant sap, secreting honeydew, and spreading plant viruses. On the one hand, cotton aphids gather on the back of leaves and tender tissues, and suck sap through their piercing-sucking mouthparts, affecting the growth and development of leaf buds and lateral buds, leading to poor growth and deformity of plants, and thus a decrease in yield. On the other hand, the honeydew excreted by cotton aphids when feeding on plants will block the stomata of the leaves, causing the leaves to curl and causing sooty mold; in addition, while sucking the sap of the plant, cotton aphids will also quickly transmit the viruses they carry to healthy plants, spreading a variety of plant viral diseases.

[0003] Since my country began commercially planting Bt transgenic insect-resistant cotton in 1997, major target pests such as cotton bollworm and pink bollworm have been effectively controlled, while non-target secondary pests such as cotton aphid have gradually become major pests in cotton fields.

[0004] At present, chemical control is still the main means of preventing and controlling the occurrence and damage of cotton aphids. However, cotton aphids are small, have high reproductive capacity, and are highly adaptable, and have developed resistance to a variety of insecticides. Xinjiang's "desert-oasis" farmland ecosystem is relatively fragile. Therefore, it is urgent to build a cotton aphid control strategy that can replace chemical control and cause less harm to the ecological environment.

[0005] The damage caused by cotton aphids is closely related to their unique reproductive mode and life history. They can choose parthenogenesis or sexual reproduction according to seasonal changes. In spring and summer, cotton aphids reproduce parthenogenetically; in late autumn and early winter, cotton aphids migrate to winter hosts, enter sexual reproduction, and overwinter as eggs. In Xinjiang cotton areas, cotton aphids have 15 to 20 generations a year, and their eggs overwinter on hosts such as weeds, trees and shrubs. After the overwintering host germinates in the spring of the second year, the overwintering eggs hatch into dry mothers. Dry mothers reproduce parthenogenetically on the overwintering host for 2 to 3 generations, and then produce parthenogenetic winged aphids, which migrate into cotton fields in April and May to harm newly unearthed cotton seedlings. Their offspring all reproduce parthenogenetically, allowing their population to expand rapidly, reaching a peak in damage in May and June. Obviously, reducing the number of first-generation parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids that migrate into cotton fields is expected to become a key factor in controlling the growth of cotton aphid populations. The present invention uses an attractant in combination with a yellow sticky insect board to trap and kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids that migrate into a cotton field, so as to reduce the base number of the first generation of cotton aphids in the cotton field, thereby reducing the population density of cotton aphids and alleviating the harm caused by cotton aphids in the cotton seedling stage. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the serious harm caused by cotton aphids in Xinjiang cotton areas, strong pesticide resistance, over-reliance on chemical control, fragile ecological environment and other prominent problems, the present invention provides a method for killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids using an attractant, aiming to construct a cotton aphid control strategy that can replace chemical control and has less harm to the ecological environment.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method and application of using an attractant to lure and kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids, characterized by:

[0009] (1) preparing an attractant, specifically, dissolving DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate in a solvent, respectively, and mixing them evenly to prepare a plant-based attractant;

[0010] (2) making a lure core, specifically, placing the attractant in a preheated agar gel, and after the agar gel is completely solidified, placing the agar gel embedded with the attractant in a natural rubber lure core head and sealing it to serve as the lure core;

[0011] (3) making a trap, specifically, fixing the trap core at the center of both sides of the yellow sticky insect board;

[0012] (4) luring and killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids, specifically, placing the trap in a cotton field during the peak migration period of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids to lure and kill the parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids.

[0013] The method for preparing the attractant is: DL-limonene, meta-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate are mixed in a weight ratio of 1000:1000:10000:1:1 to prepare a plant-based attractant.

[0014] The method for preparing the attractant is to use n-hexane as a solvent, and mix DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate into a concentration of 10 -5 ~10mg / mL of flavor source, and then absorb DL-limonene (10 -2 mg / mL), m-xylene (10 -2 mg / mL), styrene (10 -1 mg / mL), 2-decanol (10 -5 mg / mL), dibutyl phthalate (10 -5 mg / mL) solutions of the same volume were mixed evenly to prepare the plant-derived attractant.

[0015] The content of agar in the agar gel is 0.5-5%.

[0016] The yellow insect sticky board is specifically a yellow sticky color board made of plastic, with a square shape and a side length of 40 to 60 cm.

[0017] The method for luring and killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids is as follows: placing a trap in a cotton field, with the bottom edge of the trap 50 to 150 cm away from the cotton seedlings, the distance between the traps being 8 to 20 m, and using 10 to 20 traps per mu.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] Compared with chemical pesticide control, the attractant components DL-limonene, meta-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate described in the present invention are all plant volatile components, which are green, safe, and environmentally friendly, and will not cause environmental pollution. The attractant components in the present invention are low in cost, and the lure core and trap device are simple to make. By trapping the first generation of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids that migrate into the cotton field during the cotton seedling stage, the present invention can not only reduce the base number of cotton aphids in the cotton field, but also effectively monitor the occurrence and damage dynamics of cotton aphids in the cotton field, avoid blindly spraying chemical pesticides, and be beneficial to the protection and effective utilization of natural enemies, achieve a better biological control effect, and be beneficial to the protection of the fragile ecological environment in the Xinjiang cotton region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0021] A method for killing cotton aphid parthenogenetic winged aphid using an attractant is achieved by the following steps:

[0022] 1) Prepare the attractant, specifically, use n-hexane as solvent, mix DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, dibutyl phthalate into 10% -5 ~10mg / mL of flavor source, and then absorb DL-limonene (10 - 2 mg / mL), m-xylene (10 -2 mg / mL), styrene (10 -1 mg / mL), 2-decanol (10 -5 mg / mL), dibutyl phthalate (10 -5 mg / mL) and mixed the solutions of the same volume to prepare the plant-derived attractant;

[0023] 2) making a lure core, specifically, placing the prepared attractant in 0.5-5% preheated agar gel, and after the agar gel is completely solidified, placing the agar gel embedded with the attractant in a natural rubber lure core head and sealing it as a lure core;

[0024] 3) Making a trap, specifically, winding the trap core with a thin iron wire and hanging it in the center of both sides of the yellow sticky insect board;

[0025] 4) A method for trapping parthenogenetic winged aphids of cotton aphids using the attractant, specifically, hanging a trap carrying an attractant core on a small bamboo pole with a thin iron wire, inserting the trap into a cotton field, distributing the trap in the cotton field, placing 10 to 20 traps per acre of cotton field, with a spacing of 8 to 20 meters, and the bottom edge of the trap being 50 to 150 cm away from the cotton seedlings.

[0026] Step (3) is to place a trap with an attractant core in the cotton field during the peak migration period of the parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid, i.e., in April to May, to trap the parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid.

[0027] The yellow insect sticky board is made of plastic and has a square shape with a side length of 40 to 60 cm.

[0028] Example

[0029] A method for killing cotton aphid parthenogenetic winged aphid using an attractant comprises the following steps:

[0030] 1. Volatile components of attractants

[0031] The standard compounds used in the test are: DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, dibutyl phthalate, all with a purity of more than 98%. Using n-hexane as the solvent, the above compounds were dissolved in n-hexane to prepare concentration gradients of 10, 10, -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 , 10 -4 , 10 -5 mg / mL of a series of flavor sources.

[0032] 2. Production of lure core

[0033] The above-mentioned flavor sources were prepared into a parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid attractant solution according to the proportion, specifically absorbing DL-limonene (10 -2 mg / mL), m-xylene (10 -2 mg / mL), styrene (10 -1 mg / mL), 2-decanol (10 -5 mg / mL), dibutyl phthalate (10 -5 mg / mL) in a brown glass bottle and mix well. Then add the prepared attractant solution to the preheated 2% agar and mix well. After solidification, take an appropriate amount (such as 2 mL) and place it in a 3 mL natural rubber lure head and seal it with a rubber stopper as the attractant lure.

[0034] Table 1 Contents of components in parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid attractant

[0035] Attractant ingredients DL-Limonene Meta-Xylene Styrene 2-Decanol Dibutyl phthalate Concentration of each flavor source (mg / mL) <![CDATA[10 -2 ]]> <![CDATA[10 -2 ]]> <![CDATA[10 -1 ]]> <![CDATA[10 -5 ]]> <![CDATA[10 -5 ]]> Number of ingredients added 1 serving 1 serving 1 serving 1 serving 1 serving

[0036] 3. Making of the Trap

[0037] The lure core was wrapped with thin iron wire and hung in the center of both sides of the yellow sticky insect board with a side length of 50cm×50cm. The yellow sticky insect board without the lure core was used as the control group.

[0038] 4. Experiment on killing cotton aphid parthenogenetic winged aphid with attractant in the field

[0039] On April 23, 2023, cotton in Aral City, Xinjiang was in the seedling stage, with a seedling emergence rate of 74-90%. We selected a contiguous cotton field where aphids have been frequently found over the years and divided it into three areas, namely the attractant + sticky board test area, the sticky board test area, and the blank control test area. The cotton field area in the test area was 1 mu, and the adjacent areas were separated by 100m. Ten treatments were set in each area, with a spacing of 8m between each treatment.

[0040] Attractant + sticky insect board test area: 1 mu of test cotton field, yellow sticky insect boards with attractant cores tied on both sides were hung 80cm above the cotton seedlings, the spacing between the boards was 8m×8m, and a total of 10 sticky insect boards were hung;

[0041] Sticky insect board test area: The test cotton field is 1 mu, and yellow sticky insect boards are hung 80cm above the cotton seedlings. The spacing between the boards is 8m×8m, and a total of 10 sticky insect boards are hung;

[0042] Blank control test area: 1 mu of test cotton field was used as a blank control, without hanging sticky insect boards or attractants.

[0043] 5. Investigation of the killing effect caused by attractants

[0044] On April 30, May 7, and May 14, 2023, the number of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids trapped on each board and the number of aphids per 100 plants were counted three times in a row. The trap core was not changed each time the cotton aphids were counted, and the sticky insect boards were changed and the direction of the sticky insect boards was adjusted to trap cotton aphids from different directions. The mean number and standard deviation of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids trapped on the sticky insect boards in each experimental area were calculated, and the one-way analysis of variance was used to test the significance of the difference in the number of cotton aphids trapped between the two treatments.

[0045] 6. Results and analysis of attractants killing cotton aphid parthenogenetic winged aphids

[0046] The results are as follows (Table 2):

[0047] During the investigation on April 30, 2023, it was found that the "blank control area" did not use any aphid-attracting measures, and the number of aphids per 100 plants reached 80, while the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "sticky insect board test area" was 37 and the number of aphids attracted was 41, indicating that ordinary sticky insect boards can control the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields. Furthermore, the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "attractant + sticky insect board test area" was only 13, and the number of aphids attracted was as high as 73, indicating that the "attractant" can significantly increase the number of aphids attracted by the "sticky insect board" and further reduce the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields.

[0048] During the investigation on May 7, 2023, it was found that the "blank control area" did not use any aphid-attracting measures, and the number of aphids per 100 plants reached 212, while the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "sticky insect board test area" was 102 and the number of aphids attracted was 70, indicating that ordinary sticky insect boards can control the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields. Furthermore, the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "attractant + sticky insect board test area" was only 29, and the number of aphids attracted was as high as 132, indicating that the "attractant" can significantly increase the number of aphids attracted by the "sticky insect board" and further reduce the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields.

[0049] During the investigation on May 14, 2023, it was found that the "blank control area" did not use any aphid-attracting measures, and the number of aphids per 100 plants reached 368, while the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "sticky insect board test area" was 173 and the number of aphids attracted was 110, indicating that ordinary sticky insect boards can control the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields. Furthermore, the number of aphids per 100 plants in the "attractant + sticky insect board test area" was only 46, and the number of aphids attracted was as high as 240, indicating that the "attractant" can significantly increase the number of aphids attracted by the "sticky insect board" and further reduce the number of aphids per 100 plants in cotton fields.

[0050] Table 2 Statistics on the number of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids killed by attractants

[0051]

[0052] Note: * indicates that the difference between the values ​​reaches a significant level (aphid number); different letters indicate that the difference reaches a significant level (aphid number per 100 plants).

[0053] In summary, the method provided by the present invention can significantly increase the number of cotton aphids trapped and killed during the period when parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids migrate into cotton fields, thereby reducing the population base of cotton aphids in the cotton seedling stage. A person skilled in the art should understand that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method and application of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids, characterized in that: (1) preparing an attractant, specifically, dissolving DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate in a solvent respectively and mixing them evenly to prepare a plant-based attractant; (2) preparing the lure core, specifically, placing the attractant in preheated agar gel, and after the agar gel is completely solidified, placing the agar gel embedded with the attractant in a natural rubber lure core head and sealing it to serve as the lure core; (3) making a trap, specifically, fixing the trap core at the center of both sides of the yellow sticky insect board; (4) luring and killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids, specifically, placing the trap in a cotton field during the peak migration period of parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids to lure and kill the parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids.

2. The method and application of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the attractant is to mix DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate in a weight ratio of 1000: 1000: 10000: 1: 1 to prepare a plant-based attractant.

3. A method and use of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the attractant is to use n-hexane as a solvent, and mix DL-limonene, m-xylene, styrene, 2-decanol, and dibutyl phthalate into a concentration of 10 -5 ~10 mg / mL of the flavor source, and then absorb DL-limonene (10 -2 mg / mL), m-xylene (10 -2 mg / mL), styrene (10 -1 mg / mL), 2-decanol (10 -5 mg / mL), dibutyl phthalate (10 -5 mg / mL) and mix them evenly to prepare the plant-derived attractant.

4. The method and use of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of agar in the agar gel is 0.5-5%.

5. The method and use of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yellow insect sticky board is specifically a yellow sticky color board made of plastic, with a square shape and a side length of 40 to 60 cm.

6. The method and use of using an attractant to kill parthenogenetic winged cotton aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for luring and killing parthenogenetic winged cotton aphids is as follows: placing a trap in a cotton field, with the bottom edge of the trap being 50 to 150 cm away from the cotton seedlings, the distance between the traps being 8 to 20 m, and using 10 to 20 traps per mu.

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