A method and device for electrochemical dissolution to promote dissolution of high temperature alloy

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of metallurgy technology, and specifically relates to an electrochemical dissolution method and device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys. The electrochemical dissolution device includes an electrolytic cell, an anode plate, a cathode plate, a perforated plate, a vibration basket, a vibrator, a stirrer, an oxygen generator, a heating and circulating pump; the electrochemical dissolution device is adopted, a titanium plate is used as an anode plate, a graphite plate or an iridium ruthenium plate is used as a cathode plate, an electrolyte is added to the electrolytic cell, and waste high-temperature alloys are placed in the vibration basket. The waste high-temperature alloys are nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys or cobalt-based alloys, an oxidant is introduced into the electrolytic cell, and electrolysis is performed at 70°C under stirring and vibration conditions, and filtration and separation are performed to obtain electrolyte and anode mud. The advantages are: high-efficiency dissolution of metals, short recovery cycle, and good recovery effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to an electrochemical dissolution method and a device for promoting the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature alloy materials have a wide range of applications. They are mainly composed of metal elements such as Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Al, Ti, Ta, Nb, W, Re, Ru, Zr, Hf, Pt and Ir. Due to their excellent high-temperature performance, they are widely used as core materials in large-scale power equipment, such as industrial gas turbines, high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors, etc. However, if high-temperature alloy waste is not effectively utilized, it will be a great waste of metal resources.

[0003] At present, some progress has been made in the study of electrochemical dissolution of high-temperature alloys. The method disclosed in U.S. Patent 3649487 is to heat the high-melting-point metals (such as Cr, Mo, W) contained in Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu-based alloy fragments into carbides, borides, silicides, nitrides or phosphides by adding non-metallic compounds of Group III, IV or V, and then fuse them to form an anode or connect them as an anode for anodic oxidation. However, there is a problem with this method, that is, metals such as Ni, Co and Cu will be deposited at the cathode, while the high-melting-point metals will remain in the anode mud, and the effective leaching of high-melting-point metals cannot be achieved. CN110129572A discloses a method for preparing high-purity ammonium rhenate using waste nickel-based high-temperature alloys. The method places the waste nickel-based high-temperature alloy in the metal titanium blue of the anode of the electrolytic cell, uses a metal copper plate as the cathode, and uses nickel chloride and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution as the electrolyte at a current density of 190-240A / m 2 , the electrolyte temperature is 30-60℃ to electrochemically dissolve the waste nickel-based high-temperature alloy. Although this method can recover metals such as rhenium, a large amount of rhenium-containing anode mud is produced during the electrolysis process, which requires subsequent leaching and recovery treatment, resulting in a long process and high energy consumption.

[0004] At present, the electrolytic method has the advantages of strong versatility and easy recovery of various metals, but in the existing electrolytic dissolution process, there are still problems such as inability to completely and efficiently dissolve metals, poor recovery effect, long cycle and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the efficient leaching method of valuable main metal elements in high-temperature alloys to achieve efficient utilization of metal resources and reduce waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrochemical dissolution method and device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys with high efficiency in dissolving metals, short recovery period and good recovery effect.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] An electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys comprises an electrolytic cell, wherein an anode plate and a cathode plate are arranged in the electrolytic cell, and a perforated plate is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate to separate the electrolytic cell body into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber arranged on the left and right. The device is special in that: the anode plate has a vent hole; a vibration basket is arranged in the anode chamber, and the vibration basket is surrounded by the anode plate and a mesh plate; a vibrator is arranged on the vibration basket to drive the vibration basket to vibrate left and right; and a stirrer is arranged in the anode chamber and / or the cathode chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, an oxygen generator is arranged at the bottom of the anode chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, a heater is provided on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell.

[0010] Furthermore, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are connected to each other through pipelines outside the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and a circulation pump is arranged on the pipeline between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

[0011] A method for electrochemical dissolution to promote the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0012] The above-mentioned electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys is used, with a titanium plate as an anode plate and a graphite plate or an iridium ruthenium plate as a cathode plate, an electrolyte is added to an electrolytic cell, and waste high-temperature alloys are placed in a vibrating basket. The waste high-temperature alloys are nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys or cobalt-based alloys. An oxidant is introduced into the electrolytic cell, and the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, ozone or oxygen. Electrolysis is carried out at 70°C. During electrolysis, a circulating pump, a stirrer and a vibrator are started, the stirrer stirs, and the vibrator drives the vibrating basket and the anode plate to vibrate. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell is removed and filtered and separated to obtain an electrolyte and anode mud.

[0013] Furthermore, the volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy is 2:1 mL / g, and the concentration of the electrolyte is 1 mol / L.

[0014] Furthermore, the amount of the oxidant added is twice the theoretical amount of the oxidant required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy, and the oxidant addition flow rate is 5 mL / min.

[0015] Furthermore, the stirring speed of the stirrer is 200-500 r / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator is 100-500 r / min and the amplitude is 10-20 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the waste high-temperature alloy contains one or more of aluminum, chromium, rhenium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten and hafnium.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The device of the present invention is provided with a vibrator and a stirrer, and a vent hole is provided on the anode plate. The vibration of the vibrator effectively keeps the high-temperature alloy block in good contact with the anode plate, thereby enhancing the contact area and current transfer efficiency during the electrolysis process. The dual effects of vibration extrusion and stirring promote the continuous shedding of anode mud on the surface of the high-temperature alloy. The shedding anode mud is further efficiently leached in the electrolytic cell, significantly improving the overall efficiency of electrolysis.

[0020] (2) The present invention adopts an electrochemical dissolution method and adds hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or ozone as an oxidant in the electrolytic cell, which effectively promotes the valuable metals nickel, cobalt, aluminum, chromium, iron, rhenium and molybdenum in the high-temperature alloy to enter the solution efficiently, and tantalum and tungsten to enter the anode mud, thereby achieving efficient dissolution of valuable metals. This method not only improves the metal recovery rate, but also reduces energy consumption and production costs.

[0021] (3) The device and method of the present invention are suitable for processing a variety of alloy materials, including nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys, cobalt-based alloys, etc., and can show good leaching effects. They have a wide range of applications and can meet the recycling and processing needs of different types of waste high-temperature alloy materials.

[0022] (4) Since the electrochemical dissolution method is a wet process, it avoids the problems of difficult leaching, low leaching rate and high leaching energy consumption caused by the conventional acid leaching method. The entire process achieves efficient, environmentally friendly, economical and energy-saving dissolution and recovery of valuable metals in high-temperature alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1-electrolyzer, 2-anode plate, 201-vent, 3-cathode plate, 4-orifice plate, 5-vibration basket, 501-mesh plate, 6-vibrator, 7-agitator, 8-oxygen generator, 9-heater, 10-circulation pump;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the vibrating basket and vibrator;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-2As shown, the electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys comprises an electrolytic cell 1, in which an anode plate 2 and a cathode plate 3 are arranged, and a perforated plate 4 is arranged between the anode plate 2 and the cathode plate 3 to divide the electrolytic cell 1 body into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber arranged on the left and right, and the anode plate 2 has a vent 201; a vibration basket 5 is arranged in the anode chamber, and the vibration basket 5 is surrounded by the anode plate 2 and a mesh plate 501; a vibrator 6 is arranged on the vibration basket 5 to drive the vibration basket 5 to vibrate left and right; an agitator 7 is arranged in the anode chamber and / or the cathode chamber, and the present invention takes the agitator 7 arranged in the cathode chamber as an example, an oxygen generator 8 is arranged at the bottom of the anode chamber, a heater 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 1, and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are connected to each other through a pipeline outside the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and a circulating pump 10 is arranged on the pipeline between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the electrochemical dissolution method for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys comprises the following specific steps:

[0030] (1) Raw material selection: The main components of waste high-temperature alloys are (mass fraction): nickel 60%, cobalt 1.8%, aluminum 6.2%, chromium 6.5%, rhenium 2.8%, molybdenum 1.7%, tantalum 6.5%, and tungsten 4.7%;

[0031] (2) In this embodiment, the anode plate 2 is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise to the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of 2:1 (mL / g) between the electrolyte and the waste high-temperature alloy. The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is twice the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. The hydrogen peroxide addition control flow rate is 5 mL / min. The heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is carried out at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500r / min, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 500r / min, and the amplitude is 20mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 contacts with the waste high-temperature alloy by vibration impact. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered and separated to obtain the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0032] After testing the electrolyte, the nickel leaching rate was 99%, the cobalt leaching rate was 98%, the aluminum leaching rate was 97%, the chromium leaching rate was 95%, the rhenium leaching rate was 99%, the molybdenum leaching rate was 97%, the tantalum leaching rate was 0.94%, the tungsten leaching rate was 85%, and the electrolysis energy consumption was 685kwh / kg.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0035] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. According to the volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g), the oxygen generator 8 is started to introduce ozone into the electrolytic cell 1. The gas flow rate is controlled to be 5 mL / min. The heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is performed at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500 r / min. The oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 200 r / min and the amplitude is 10 mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 and the waste high-temperature alloy are in contact with each other in a vibration impact manner. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered and separated to obtain the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0036] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 94%, cobalt leaching rate is 96%, aluminum leaching rate is 90%, chromium leaching rate is 87%, rhenium leaching rate is 89%, molybdenum leaching rate is 88%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.82%, tungsten leaching rate is 87%, and the electrolysis energy consumption is 760kwh / kg.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0039] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. According to the volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g), the oxygen generator 8 is started to introduce oxygen into the electrolytic cell 1. The gas flow rate is controlled to be 5 mL / min. The heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is performed at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 200 r / min, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 100 r / min, and the amplitude is 10 mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 and the waste high-temperature alloy are in contact with each other in a vibration impact manner. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered and separated to obtain the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0040] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 89%, cobalt leaching rate is 87%, aluminum leaching rate is 89%, chromium leaching rate is 84%, rhenium leaching rate is 82%, molybdenum leaching rate is 83%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.34%, tungsten leaching rate is 81%, and the electrolysis energy consumption is 840kwh / kg.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] (1) Raw material selection: The main components (mass fraction) of waste high-temperature alloys are: iron 57%, cobalt 3.6%, aluminum 7.3%, chromium 5.4%, rhenium 2.6%, molybdenum 1.2%, tantalum 6.9%, and tungsten 4.2%;

[0043] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is an iridium-ruthenium plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise to the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g). The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is twice the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. The hydrogen peroxide is added to control the flow rate. The amount is 5mL / min, the heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is carried out at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500r / min, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 300r / min, and the amplitude is 20mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 contacts with the waste high-temperature alloy by vibration impact. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered and separated to obtain the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0044] After testing the electrolyte: iron leaching rate is 99%, cobalt leaching rate is 93%, aluminum leaching rate is 95%, chromium leaching rate is 93%, rhenium leaching rate is 93%, molybdenum leaching rate is 90%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.73%, tungsten leaching rate is 86%, and the electrolysis energy consumption is 520kwh / kg.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0047] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added into the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed into a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise into the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g). The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is twice the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. The flow rate of hydrogen peroxide addition is controlled to be 5 mL / min. The circulation pump 10 and the heater 9 are started. The heater 9 heats the electrolyte to 70° C. and electrolysis is performed at 70° C. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered to obtain an electrolyte and anode mud.

[0048] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 52%, cobalt leaching rate is 43%, aluminum leaching rate is 31%, chromium leaching rate is 24%, rhenium leaching rate is 2.4%, molybdenum leaching rate is 2.67%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.24%, tungsten leaching rate is 1.34%, and the electrolysis energy consumption of electrolytic cell 1 is 1242kwh / kg.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0051] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of the high-temperature alloy of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise to the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g). The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is 2 of the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. times, hydrogen peroxide is added at a controlled flow rate of 5 mL / min, heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is carried out at 70°C. During electrolysis, heater 9 and vibrator 6 are started, but stirrer 7 is not turned on. The oscillation frequency of vibrator 6 is 500 r / min and the amplitude is 20 mm. Vibrator 6 drives vibration basket 5 and anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that anode plate 2 contacts with waste high-temperature alloy by vibration impact. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered for separation to obtain electrolyte and anode mud.

[0052] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 71%, cobalt leaching rate is 69%, aluminum leaching rate is 48%, chromium leaching rate is 39%, rhenium leaching rate is 4.3%, molybdenum leaching rate is 4.26%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.64%, tungsten leaching rate is 1.78%, and the electrolysis energy consumption of electrolytic cell 1 is 1100kwh / kg.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0055] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added into the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed into a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise into the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g). The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is twice the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. The flow rate of hydrogen peroxide addition is controlled to be 5 mL / min. The heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is performed at 70°C. During electrolysis, the heater 9 and the stirrer 7 are started, but the vibrator 6 is not turned on. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500 r / min. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered to separate to obtain an electrolyte and anode mud.

[0056] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 69%, cobalt leaching rate is 64%, aluminum leaching rate is 45%, chromium leaching rate is 32%, rhenium leaching rate is 3.6%, molybdenum leaching rate is 3.38%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.45%, tungsten leaching rate is 1.56%, and the electrolysis energy consumption of electrolytic cell 1 is 1170kwh / kg.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0059] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a graphite plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in the vibration basket 5. The volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy is 2:1 (mL / g). The heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is performed at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500 r / min, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 500 r / min, and the horizontal amplitude is 20 mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 and the waste high-temperature alloy are in contact with each other in a vibration impact manner. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered to separate, thereby obtaining the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0060] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 78%, cobalt leaching rate is 72%, aluminum leaching rate is 56%, chromium leaching rate is 45%, rhenium leaching rate is 6.59%, molybdenum leaching rate is 6.52%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.85%, tungsten leaching rate is 3.28%, and the electrolysis energy consumption of electrolytic cell 1 is 1050kwh / kg.

[0061] Comparative Example 5

[0062] (1) Raw material selection: The composition of the waste high-temperature alloy is the same as that of Example 1;

[0063] (2) The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys of Example 1 is used. The anode plate 2 of this embodiment is a titanium plate, and the cathode plate 3 is a titanium plate. Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 1 mol / L is added to the electrolytic cell 1 as an electrolyte. The waste high-temperature alloy is placed in a vibration basket 5. Hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise to the electrolytic cell 1 at a volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy of 2:1 (mL / g). The amount of hydrogen peroxide added is twice the theoretical amount of hydrogen peroxide required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy. The hydrogen peroxide is added to control the flow rate. The amount is 5mL / min, the heater 9 is started to heat the electrolyte to 70°C, and electrolysis is carried out at 70°C. During electrolysis, the circulation pump 10, the stirrer 7 and the vibrator 6 are started. The stirring speed of the stirrer 7 is 500r / min, the oscillation frequency of the vibrator 6 is 500r / min, and the horizontal amplitude is 20mm. The vibrator 6 drives the vibration basket 5 and the anode plate 2 to vibrate, so that the anode plate 2 contacts with the waste high-temperature alloy in a vibration impact manner; after the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell 1 is removed and filtered and separated to obtain the electrolyte and the anode mud.

[0064] After testing the electrolyte: nickel leaching rate is 84%, cobalt leaching rate is 74%, aluminum leaching rate is 68%, chromium leaching rate is 64%, rhenium leaching rate is 7.67%, molybdenum leaching rate is 10.5%, tantalum leaching rate is 0.94%, tungsten leaching rate is 12.4%, and the electrolysis energy consumption of electrolytic cell 1 is 980kwh / kg.

[0065] The present invention dissolves high-temperature alloys by electrochemical dissolution, and nickel, cobalt, aluminum, chromium, iron, rhenium, and molybdenum efficiently enter the solution, while tantalum and tungsten enter the anode mud, which can maximize the recycling of various valuable elements. During the electrolysis process, the high-temperature alloy is vibrated to maintain good contact with the anode plate, which greatly improves the electrolysis efficiency. Vibration and stirring promote the leaching of anode mud that continuously falls off the surface of the high-temperature alloy. The addition of oxidants accelerates the leaching of anode mud and shortens the production cycle. The present invention significantly improves the electrolysis efficiency and the leaching rate of each element. The raw materials of the present invention have a wide range of adaptability and high electrolysis efficiency, and overcome the problems of difficult leaching, low leaching efficiency, and high leaching energy consumption of conventional acid leaching in the traditional extraction process.

Claims

1. An electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy, comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode plate and a cathode plate are arranged in the electrolytic cell, and a perforated plate is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate to separate the electrolytic cell body into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber arranged on the left and right, wherein: The anode plate has a vent hole; a vibration basket is arranged in the anode chamber, and the vibration basket is surrounded by the anode plate and the mesh plate; a vibrator is arranged on the vibration basket to drive the vibration basket to vibrate left and right; a stirrer is arranged in the anode chamber and / or the cathode chamber; an oxygen generator is arranged at the bottom of the anode chamber; The electrochemical dissolution device is used to dissolve waste high-temperature alloys containing one or more of aluminum, chromium, rhenium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, and hafnium.

2. The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heater is arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell.

3. The electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of high-temperature alloys according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outsides of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are connected to each other through pipelines, and a circulation pump is arranged on the pipeline between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

4. A method for promoting electrochemical dissolution of a high temperature alloy, characterized in that: Specific steps as follows: An electrochemical dissolution device for promoting the dissolution of a high-temperature alloy as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is used, a titanium plate is used as an anode plate, a graphite plate or an iridium ruthenium plate is used as a cathode plate, an electrolyte is added to an electrolytic cell, and waste high-temperature alloys are placed in a vibrating basket, wherein the waste high-temperature alloys are nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys or cobalt-based alloys, an oxidant is introduced into the electrolytic cell, wherein the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, ozone or oxygen, and electrolysis is performed at 70° C. During electrolysis, a circulating pump, a stirrer and a vibrator are started, the stirrer stirs, and the vibrator drives the vibrating basket and the anode plate to vibrate. After the electrolysis is completed, the slurry in the electrolytic cell is removed and filtered and separated to obtain an electrolyte and anode mud.

5. The electrochemical dissolution method for promoting dissolution of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume mass ratio of the electrolyte to the waste high-temperature alloy is 2:1 mL / g, and the concentration of the electrolyte is 1 mol / L.

6. The electrochemical dissolution method for promoting dissolution of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of the oxidant added is twice the theoretical amount of the oxidant required to oxidize all the elemental rhenium, elemental molybdenum and elemental tungsten in the waste high-temperature alloy, and the oxidant addition flow rate is 5 mL / min.

7. The electrochemical dissolution method for promoting dissolution of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the stirrer is 200-500r / min.

8. The electrochemical dissolution method for promoting dissolution of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oscillation frequency of the vibrator is 100-500r / min and the amplitude is 10-20mm.

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