Intelligent axle parameter measuring system and method based on PLC

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of automatic measurement control methods, in particular to an axle parameter intelligent measurement system and method based on a PLC, and the system comprises diameter measurement and length measurement. The length and diameter measuring device is provided with a displacement sensor, the sensor is in signal connection with a sensing controller, the sensing controller is in signal connection with a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), and the PLC is connected with an upper computer; the diameter measurement method comprises the following steps: controlling the detection integrated block to repeatedly measure the diameters of a plurality of step shaft bodies at one end of a workpiece axle; according to the type of the step shaft body, a certain number of sections are taken for each step, each section is measured for a certain number of times, and the detection integrated block is controlled to rotate by a certain angle between every two times of measurement; and judging whether the measured values are out of tolerance or not, then averaging until one end of the axle is detected, and controlling the detection integrated block to rotate by 180 degrees to detect the other end of the axle. The length measuring method adopts a non-contact length sensor to directly measure the length of a workpiece axle. According to the invention, the measurement accuracy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automatic measurement control methods, and in particular to a PLC-based intelligent measurement system and method for axle parameters. Background Art

[0002] The axle is a key component of the railway freight car motion system. The axle itself has high dimensional accuracy and many measurement parameters, and requires high equipment detection accuracy and repeatability. The two ends of the axle are symmetrical structures. From one end to the midpoint of the axle, there are four parts: the journal, the dust plate seat, the wheel seat, and the axle body. To measure the size of the axle, two points are selected for each part, and the measurement positions must differ by 90°. The arithmetic average of the two points is taken as the diameter of the part.

[0003] The dimensions of the various parts of the axle are: The length of the axle is The length of the journal is The length of the shoulder distance is The journal size is The diameter of the dust plate seat is Wheel seat diameter The shaft diameter is When measuring axle parameters, the minimum tolerance is required to be 0.025mm. In order to meet the measurement requirements, repeated measurements are required. In actual measurement work, there are many axles. In order to meet the requirements of production efficiency, the inspection cycle for each axle on a railway freight car should be ≤8min / piece. Therefore, the control requirements for the operation of each device during the dimensional inspection process are relatively high, such as the connection of each device in each control project, the control time point, etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method to control the connection and control time points of various devices during the axle measurement process, thereby improving the measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy.

[0005] The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method in this scheme includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, calibrating the calibration values ​​of diameter and length by using a standard shaft, and storing the calibration values ​​by the host computer;

[0007] Step 2, by transferring the workpiece axle to the inspection station, the workpiece axle is lifted to a set height by the lifting assembly, and the centering mechanism is allowed to perform centering limit;

[0008] Step 3, directly measuring the two end face lengths and the journal length of the workpiece axle by a length measuring device fixedly mounted on the centering mechanism;

[0009] Also includes:

[0010] Step 4, controlling the detection integrated block to repeatedly measure the diameters of multiple step shaft bodies at one end of the workpiece axle, taking different preset numbers of cross sections according to the type of each step shaft body, measuring a preset number of times at each cross section according to the type of each step shaft body, and controlling the detection integrated block to rotate around the workpiece axle at different preset angles and then measuring again after each measurement according to the type of the step shaft body;

[0011] Step 5: After the preset number of measurements are completed, determine whether there is an error and then take the average value, until one end of the axle is tested, and then control the test integrated block to rotate 180 degrees to test the other end of the axle;

[0012] Step 6, comparing the detection value when detecting the workpiece axle with the calibration value, so as to detect the diameter and length of the workpiece axle.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this program are:

[0014] Use one integrated detection block to perform multiple, multi-angle repeated measurements of multiple stepped shafts on one end of the workpiece axle. The entire process makes the connection between each measurement process more compact, improves the measurement speed and efficiency, and the results of multiple measurements are averaged and compared to improve measurement accuracy and meet production requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the process of transferring the workpiece axle through the diameter measuring device includes:

[0016] Allow multiple workpiece axles to roll to the detection station by gravity on the inclined feeder and unfeeder rack of the diameter measuring device, and limit the position by the fan-shaped opening on the paddle of the feeder and unfeeder rack at the detection station, and then lift the workpiece axles.

[0017] The beneficial effects are: the workpiece axle is rolled and transported by its own gravity, no additional power mechanism is required, and it is more energy-efficient. The paddle is used to limit the position to prevent the workpiece axle from directly rolling out of the inlet and outlet racks, and the paddle mouth ensures that only one workpiece axle is lifted during lifting.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2, two lifting cylinders of the lifting assembly located on the same axis as the paddle are controlled to start, thereby driving the workpiece axle located in the top bar on the top plate to rise to a set height, thereby completing the lifting of the workpiece axle.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that the lifting of the working axle is carried out through automatic control, which is convenient for connecting the various working in and out compactly and improving the processing efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 2, during centering, the centering cylinders on the centering frames on both sides of the outside of the inlet and outlet racks drive the centering block to move along the slide rail, and the top head on the centering block is inserted into the center hole of the workpiece axle to complete the centering of the workpiece axle.

[0021] The beneficial effect is that the centering mechanism performs centering operation on the workpiece axle, which can prevent the subsequent axle full length and axle shoulder distance measuring head from interfering with the axle due to axle offset.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the measuring cylinder on the detection integrated block is controlled to drive the slider to move along the linear rail, so that the contact assemblies on the sliders on the same linear rail are close to each other to clamp the workpiece axle for measurement, and the contact assemblies are buffered by the oil pressure buffers between the sliders on the same linear rail, and the rotation angle is detected by the angle sensor on the detection integrated block.

[0023] The beneficial effect is that the contact components on the detection integrated block are automatically controlled to approach each other for diameter measurement, and a corresponding buffer structure is provided, so that the measurement process can be made more compact and the measurement efficiency can be improved.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 3, when the contact assembly is measuring, a spring provided on the contact assembly is used for buffering, and the long narrow plane of the contact assembly is allowed to contact the workpiece axle.

[0025] The beneficial effect is that the setting of multiple buffer structures can prevent the contact assembly from damaging the workpiece axle.

[0026] Further, in step 3, the types of stepped shaft bodies include journals, dust shield seats and wheel seats, the preset number of measurements of the journals and wheel seats is three times, the preset angle difference between the three measurements of the journals and wheel seats in each section is 120°, the journals and wheel seats control the detection integrated block to translate 80 mm to the second section after the first section measurement is completed, and the detection integrated block is controlled to translate 65 mm to the third section after the second section measurement is completed, the dust shield seat performs two measurements according to the preset number of times when the journal takes the first section measurement, and the preset angle difference between the two measurements of the dust shield seat is 90°.

[0027] The beneficial effect is that by performing different measurements on different types of stepped shafts, the diameters of stepped shafts with different measurement requirements can be completed simultaneously with one automated measurement device, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0028] A second object of the present invention is to provide a PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement system to improve the measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy of the workpiece axle during repeated measurements.

[0029] The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement system includes a diameter measuring device for conveying, moving and measuring the axle, wherein the diameter measuring device is provided with a plurality of displacement sensors for simultaneously measuring the diameters of a plurality of positions;

[0030] The displacement sensor signal is connected to a sensor controller that reads the display value, actual value, average value, benchmark difference, and distortion. The sensor controller signal is connected to a PLC controller that controls the operation of the diameter measuring device. The PLC controller is connected to a host computer. The host computer is used to send control instructions to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the diameter measuring device according to the control instructions to work according to the above-mentioned intelligent measurement method for axle parameters.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this program are:

[0032] The system uses a diameter measuring device to measure the diameters of multiple locations simultaneously, and performs repeated measurement methods and automatic control to make the measurement process smoother, improve measurement efficiency and speed, and enhance accuracy.

[0033] Furthermore, the diameter measuring device includes an input and output rack for conveying the workpiece axle and a detection integrated block for measuring the diameter, the input and output rack is provided with an independent steering assembly, the detection integrated block is arranged on the steering assembly, the detection integrated block includes a base plate, three linear rails are fixedly arranged on the base plate, two sliders are slidably fitted on the linear rails, a slider on the same linear rail is connected to a measuring cylinder, the measuring cylinder signal is connected to a PLC controller, hydraulic buffers are connected between the sliders on the same linear rail, the sliders are fixed with contact assemblies respectively connected to the axle diameter measurement located on the same horizontal line, the displacement sensor is arranged at one side of the linear rail, and a contact stopper matching the displacement sensor is fixed at one side of the linear rail.

[0034] The beneficial effect is that by detecting the setting of the integrated block, the diameter measurement of multiple step shafts can be controlled simultaneously, thereby improving the measurement speed and efficiency, and the repeated measurement can be precisely controlled to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a length measuring device, which includes a laser length sensor and is arranged at both ends of the axle for conveying the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the intelligent measurement method of axle parameters based on PLC according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 The following is a principle block diagram of a PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a front view of the detection integrated block in the PLC-based axle parameter intelligent measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4This is a front view of the inlet and outlet rack in the PLC-based axle parameter intelligent measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a front view of the centering mechanism in the PLC-based axle parameter intelligent measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer mounting seat of the oil pressure buffer in the embodiment of the measuring device for axle parameters of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a detailed installation diagram of the detection integrated block in the embodiment of the measuring device for axle parameters of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is further explained in detail through specific implementation methods.

[0044] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: detection integrated block 1, contact assembly 2, bracket 3, measuring cylinder 4, hydraulic buffer 5, angle sensor 6, workpiece axle 7, feed and discharge rack 8, centering cylinder 9, centering block 10, top head 11, lifting cylinder 12, slider connecting seat 13, position sensor 14, displacement sensor 15, buffer mounting seat 16, contact stopper 17, paddle 18, manipulator 19, top plate 20.

[0045] Example

[0046] PLC-based intelligent measurement system for axle parameters, such as Figure 2 As shown: it includes a diameter measuring device for conveying, moving and measuring the axle, and a length measuring device. The diameter measuring device works according to the following measuring method. The length measuring device includes a laser length sensor. The laser length sensor adopts a non-contact laser sensor. The length measuring device is arranged at both ends of the axle 7 for conveying the workpiece and is installed on the centering mechanism, that is, the laser length sensor is installed on the centering mechanism.

[0047] The diameter measuring device includes an in-and-out rack 8 for conveying the workpiece axle 7 and a detection integrated block 1 for measuring the diameter. An independent steering assembly is fixedly installed on the in-and-out rack 8. A gantry is installed on the outside of the in-and-out rack 8. The steering assembly is a manipulator 19. The detection integrated block 1 is arranged on the steering assembly. For example, the detection integrated block 1 rotates 30°, 90°, and 120° around the axle.

[0048] like Figure 4As shown, the in-and-out rack 8 has a rectangular frame structure, for example, the in-and-out rack 8 includes a rectangular top frame, and a plurality of supporting legs are welded on the side wall below the top frame. The surface of the in-and-out rack 8 is tilted at a preset angle, and the preset angle is set to 5°, so that the axle can roll under its own gravity without rolling too fast to cause damage to the axle. A recessed section is formed on the in-and-out rack 8, and the specific position of the recessed section is set according to actual needs. For example, the recessed section is located at the position where the measurement-related equipment is set, and the recessed section is in the shape of an arc. The maximum depth of the recessed section is one-fourth of the diameter of the axle, so as to prevent the axle from rolling directly from one end of the in-and-out rack 8 to the other end and being unable to stay on the in-and-out rack 8. A workstation paddle assembly for limiting the position of the axle is installed on the feed and discharge rack 8, and the workstation paddle assembly includes a paddle 18 hinged on the side wall of the feed and discharge rack 8. The paddle 18 is a circular piece with a fan-shaped opening. The angle of the opening is 120°-150°, and the opening wall facing the feed side is flush with the lower part of the recessed section.

[0049] The diameter measuring device is provided with a plurality of displacement sensors 15 for measuring the diameters of a plurality of positions simultaneously. The displacement sensor 15 signal is connected to a sensor controller for reading the display value, the actual value, the average value, the reference difference, and the distortion. The sensor controller can use the existing MT2-70A controller. The sensor controller signal is connected to a PLC controller for controlling the operation of the diameter measuring device. The PLC controller is connected to a host computer. The host computer uses a 15-inch integrated industrial computer as the monitoring center. The corresponding axle model specification, axle number, axle production unit, operator, and detection parameters / standards are set through the host computer. By detecting the standard axle, each sensor can be calibrated / calibrated, the axle length / diameter detection can be performed, and whether the detection result is qualified can be automatically determined.

[0050] A jacking assembly is installed on one side of the inner part of the inlet and outlet rack 8. The jacking assembly and the workstation paddle assembly are located on the same axis. The jacking assembly includes two jacking cylinders 12. The signals of the jacking cylinders 12 are connected to the PLC controller. The jacking cylinders 12 select existing products according to actual needs. The output shafts of the jacking cylinders 12 face upward. Top plates 20 are welded on the output shafts of the jacking cylinders 12. Top strips for limiting the axles are fixed between the top plates 20 by screws, and the contact surface of the top strips contacting the axles is an arc surface.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, a centering mechanism for centering the axle is installed on both sides of the jacking assembly, and the centering mechanism is located on the outer side of the feed and discharge rack 8. The centering mechanism includes a centering frame located on both sides of the jacking assembly and a centering component located on the centering frame. The centering component includes a slide rail welded on the centering frame, and a centering block 10 is slidably connected to the slide rail. A centering cylinder 9 is installed on the opposite side of the centering block 10, and the signal of the centering cylinder 9 is connected to the PLC controller. A top head 11 that can be inserted into the center hole of the axle for centering is welded on the side wall opposite to the centering block 10, and a laser length sensor is fixedly installed on the centering block 10.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the detection integrated block 1 includes a base plate, on which three measuring components are installed by screws. The measuring components include a linear rail, on which two sliders are slidably matched, and a slider on the same linear rail is connected to a measuring cylinder 4, on which a position sensor 14 is fixedly installed, and the position sensor 14 is used to detect the position information of the slider when the measuring cylinder 4 drives the slider to move, so as to accurately control the moving position of the slider; the signal of the measuring cylinder 4 is connected to the PLC controller, and a hydraulic buffer 5 is connected between the sliders on the same linear rail, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the oil pressure buffer 5 is provided with a buffer mounting seat 16, which is in the shape of Ω. The buffer mounting seat 16 is inverted and arranged on the same linear rail and located between two sliders. A vertical plate for mounting the oil pressure buffer 5 is integrally formed on the top surface of the buffer mounting seat 16, and two through holes for mounting the oil pressure buffer 5 are provided on the vertical plate. A herringbone bracket 3 is welded on the slider, and contact assemblies 2 for measuring the diameter of the axle located on the same horizontal line are welded on the slider, and the contact assemblies 2 are respectively connected to the slider and are located on the same horizontal line. The contact assemblies 2 are mounted on the bracket 3. Multiple groups of measuring assemblies and an angle sensor 6 for detecting the heading angle between the measuring surface and the central axis of the axle are installed on the detection integrated block 1. The angle sensor 6 is an existing product, such as an SST810 angle sensor 6, and the angle sensor 6 is located at the maximum spacing between adjacent measuring assemblies.

[0053] Both contact assemblies 2 include contacts with narrow flat long contacts at the ends contacting the axle. The narrow flat long contacts, i.e., the contact surfaces are long strips with small widths. The narrow flat long contacts are connected to the seat of the contact assembly 2 through the detection head spring. The contact assembly 2 also includes a displacement sensor 15 installed on one side of the same linear track. The displacement sensor 15 is an existing contact displacement sensor 15. The displacement distance of the displacement sensor 15 probe is converted into a diameter. A contact stopper 17 is welded on one side of the linear track. The contact stopper 17 is arranged in pairs with the displacement sensor 15 and is located at opposite positions on one side of the linear track. The contact stopper 17 is arranged adjacent to the buffer mounting seat 16. During measurement, the robot's mechanical arm will fix the measuring assembly into an adjusted posture, and the measuring cylinder 4 will pull the left and right contact assemblies 2 closer. When the contact assembly 2 is about to approach the axle surface, the slider connection seat 13 at the bottom will contact the oil pressure buffer 5 to play a buffering role. The same is true for the other side.

[0054] The power supply of each electrical component in the equipment adopts AC220V / DC24V switching power supply.

[0055] Intelligent measurement method of axle parameters based on PLC, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0056] Step 1: calibrate the reference value of the diameter through a standard shaft, and the reference value is stored by the host computer. The diameter calibration of the standard shaft is a prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Step 2, the workpiece axles 7 are transferred to the inspection station by the diameter measuring device, and multiple workpiece axles 7 are rolled to the inspection station by gravity on the inclined feeding and unloading rack 8 of the diameter measuring device, and the feeding and unloading rack 8 is limited by the fan-shaped opening on the paddle 18 at the inspection station;

[0058] Then the workpiece axle 7 is lifted to a set height by the lifting assembly. The set height is set according to actual needs. The two lifting cylinders 12 of the lifting assembly located on the same axis as the paddle 18 are controlled to start, driving the workpiece axle 7 located in the top bar on the top plate 20 to rise to the set height.

[0059] The centering mechanism is allowed to perform centering limit. During centering, the centering cylinder 9 on the centering frame at both sides of the outside of the inlet and outlet rack 8 drives the centering block 10 to move along the slide rail, and the top head 11 on the centering block 10 is inserted into the center hole of the workpiece axle 7.

[0060] Step 3, control the detection integrated block 1 to repeatedly measure the diameters of multiple step shaft bodies at one end of the workpiece axle 7, take different preset numbers of sections according to the type of each step shaft body, measure the preset number of times at each section according to the type of each step shaft body, and control the detection integrated block 1 to rotate around the workpiece axle 7 at different preset angles after each measurement according to the type of the step shaft body before measuring again; That is, nine data need to be measured at the shaft diameter and the wheel seat respectively.

[0061] Specifically: at the first section, first control the detection integrated block 1 to move to the specified position and then rotate 120° clockwise around the workpiece axle 7 to complete the first diameter value measurement of the journal, dust shield seat and wheel seat; then control the detection integrated block 1 to rotate 120° counterclockwise around the workpiece axle 7 to measure the journal diameter of the step shaft for the second time, and finally control the integrated block to rotate 120° counterclockwise around the workpiece axle 7 to measure the journal diameter of the step shaft for the third time; control the detection integrated block 1 to rotate 30° clockwise, that is, the angle with the measurement position of the specified position is 90°, and the dust shield and wheel seat are measured for the second time, that is, the journal diameter at the first section is measured once at three angles respectively to obtain three measurement values, and the dust shield seat and wheel seat are measured twice to obtain two measurement values ​​respectively.

[0062] When measuring the second section, the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to translate 80 mm toward the end of the workpiece axle 7 to the specified position, and then measurement is performed again according to the measurement method of the first section. The difference is that after the detection integrated block 1 is rotated 30° clockwise, only the wheel seat diameter is measured for the second time.

[0063] When measuring the third section, the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to translate 65 mm toward the end of the workpiece axle 7 to the specified position, and then the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to rotate 120° clockwise to measure the journal and wheel seat diameters for the first time, and then the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to rotate 120° counterclockwise to measure the journal diameter for the second time, and then the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to rotate 120° counterclockwise to measure the journal diameter for the third time, and then the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to rotate 30° clockwise to measure the wheel seat for the second time, completing the measurement of one end of the step shaft. After the measurement is completed, determine whether it is out of tolerance and then take the average value and record it. The rotation angle of the detection integrated block 1 is detected by the angle sensor 6.

[0064] In step 3, the measuring cylinder 4 on the detection integrated block 1 is controlled to drive the slider to move along the linear track, so that the contact assemblies 2 on the sliders of the same linear track are close to each other to clamp the workpiece axle 7 for measurement, and the contact assemblies 2 are buffered by the oil pressure buffer 5 between the sliders on the same linear track, and the rotation angle is detected by the angle sensor 6 on the detection integrated block 1; when the contact assembly 2 is measuring, the spring arranged on the contact assembly 2 is used for buffering, and the long narrow plane of the contact assembly 2 is allowed to contact the workpiece axle 7.

[0065] Step 4, after the preset number of measurements are completed, determine whether there is an error and then take the average value, until one end of the axle is detected, control the detection integrated block 1 to rotate 180 degrees to detect the other end of the axle.

[0066] Step 5, comparing the detection value when detecting the workpiece axle 7 with the calibration value, so as to detect the diameter of the workpiece axle 7.

[0067] The measurement of the shaft diameter requires the manipulator 19 to be translated to the shaft position, and then the sensor of the wheel seat is used to clamp and measure directly. The average value is taken after three measurements, each time at the same cross section with a difference of 120°.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment performs repeated measurements on the diameters of a total of six step-shaped shafts at both ends of the workpiece axle 7, and performs subsequent continuous control measurements after each measurement, making the measurement process more continuous and compact. The entire process makes the connection between each measurement process more compact, improves the measurement speed and efficiency, and the results of multiple measurements are averaged and compared to improve the measurement accuracy and meet production requirements.

[0069] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. The PLC-based intelligent measurement method for axle parameters includes the following steps: Step 1, calibrating the calibration values ​​of diameter and length by using a standard shaft, and storing the calibration values ​​by the host computer; Step 2, by transferring the workpiece axle to the inspection station, the workpiece axle is lifted to a set height by the lifting assembly, and the centering mechanism is allowed to perform centering limit; Step 3, directly measuring the two end face lengths and the journal length of the workpiece axle by a length measuring device fixedly mounted on the centering mechanism; It is characterized by further comprising: Step 4, controlling the detection integrated block to repeatedly measure the diameters of multiple step shaft bodies at one end of the workpiece axle, taking different preset numbers of cross sections according to the type of each step shaft body, measuring a preset number of times at each cross section according to the type of each step shaft body, and controlling the detection integrated block to rotate around the workpiece axle at different preset angles and then measuring again after each measurement according to the type of the step shaft body; Step 5: After the preset number of measurements are completed, determine whether there is an error and then take the average value, until one end of the axle is tested, and then control the detection integrated block to rotate 180 degrees to test the other end of the axle; Step 6, comparing the detection value when detecting the workpiece axle with the calibration value, so as to detect the diameter and length of the workpiece axle.

2. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the process of transferring the workpiece axle through the diameter measuring device includes: Allow multiple workpiece axles to roll to the detection station by gravity on the inclined feeder and unfeeder rack of the diameter measuring device, and limit the position by the fan-shaped opening on the paddle of the feeder and unfeeder rack at the detection station, and then lift the workpiece axles.

3. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 2, two lifting cylinders of the lifting assembly located on the same axis as the paddle are controlled to start, driving the workpiece axle located in the top bar on the top plate to rise to a set height, thereby completing the lifting of the workpiece axle.

4. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 2, during centering, the centering cylinders on the centering frames on both sides of the outside of the inlet and outlet racks drive the centering block to move along the slide rail, and the top head on the centering block is inserted into the center hole of the workpiece axle to complete the centering of the workpiece axle.

5. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the measuring cylinder on the detection integrated block is controlled to drive the slider to move along the linear track, so that the contact assemblies on the sliders on the same linear track are close to each other to clamp the workpiece axle for measurement, and the contact assemblies are buffered by the oil pressure buffer between the sliders on the same linear track, and the rotation angle is detected by the angle sensor on the detection integrated block.

6. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 3, when the contact assembly is measuring, a buffer provided on the contact assembly is used for buffering, and the long narrow plane of the contact assembly is allowed to contact the workpiece axle.

7. The PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 3, the types of stepped shaft bodies include journals, dust shield seats and wheel seats. The preset number of measurements of the journals and wheel seats is three times. The preset angle difference between the three measurements of the journals and wheel seats in each section is 120°. After the measurement of the first section is completed, the journal and wheel seat control the detection integrated block to translate 80 mm to the second section. After the measurement of the second section is completed, the detection integrated block is controlled to translate 65 mm to the third section. The dust shield seat performs two measurements according to the preset number of times when the journal takes the first section measurement. The preset angle difference between the two measurements of the dust shield seat is 90°.

8. PLC-based intelligent axle parameter measurement system, characterized by: It includes a diameter measuring device for conveying, moving and measuring the axle, wherein the diameter measuring device is provided with a plurality of displacement sensors for simultaneously measuring the diameters at a plurality of positions; The displacement sensor signal is connected to a sensor controller that reads the display value, actual value, average value, benchmark difference, and distortion. The sensor controller signal is connected to a PLC controller that controls the operation of the diameter measuring device. The PLC controller is connected to a host computer. The host computer is used to send control instructions to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the diameter measuring device according to the control instructions to work in accordance with the axle parameter intelligent measurement method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The PLC-based axle parameter intelligent measurement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter measuring device includes an in-and-out material rack for conveying the workpiece axle and a detection integrated block for measuring the diameter, the in-and-out material rack is provided with an independent steering assembly, the detection integrated block is arranged on the steering assembly, the detection integrated block includes a base plate, three linear rails are fixedly arranged on the base plate, two sliders are slidably fitted on the linear rails, a slider on the same linear rail is connected to a measuring cylinder, the measuring cylinder signal is connected to a PLC controller, hydraulic buffers are connected between the sliders on the same linear rail, the sliders are fixed with contact assemblies respectively connected to the axle diameter measurement located on the same horizontal line, the displacement sensor is arranged at one side of the linear rail, and a contact block matching the displacement sensor is fixed at one side of the linear rail.

10. The PLC-based axle parameter intelligent measurement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a length measuring device, which comprises a laser length sensor and is arranged at both ends of the axle for conveying the workpiece.

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