Prediction method of casting infiltration depth for metal matrix composites prepared by casting infiltration method

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for predicting the casting depth of metal-based composite materials prepared by the casting infiltration method, and relates to the field of material forming technology. The casting depth prediction method includes: determining the initial casting temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate into the porous preform and the final casting temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating into the porous preform; calculating the heat loss of the molten metal in the process of infiltrating into the porous preform according to the initial casting temperature and the final casting temperature; calculating the casting time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal; calculating the theoretical casting depth of the molten metal in the porous preform according to the casting time and the casting speed of the molten metal. The casting depth prediction method provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively predict the theoretical casting depth of the metal-based composite materials prepared by the casting infiltration method, and the obtained theoretical casting depth has a good evaluation and guiding role in the casting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material forming, and in particular to a method for predicting the casting depth of a metal matrix composite material prepared by a casting infiltration method. Background Art

[0002] High-performance metal-based composite materials are not only an important branch of new materials, but also an indispensable material in the advanced equipment manufacturing industry. Metal-based composite materials have the characteristics of wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, vibration reduction, etc. They can be widely used in mining, metallurgy, electricity, machinery, building materials, automobiles, trains, ocean and shipbuilding, military industry, aerospace and other industrial sectors, and can be used as both functional devices and structural devices. Such as automobile engine cylinder liners, pistons, brake drums and brake discs, train bogies and brake discs, cone crusher crushing walls under impact abrasive wear conditions, impact crusher plate hammers, hammer crusher hammers, large vertical mill grinding rollers, grinding discs, ball mill crusher liners, loader bucket teeth, shield machine cutter heads and transmission gears, etc., with a large annual consumption.

[0003] The process of preparing composite materials with ceramic particles by cast infiltration is to inject molten metal into a ceramic preform with a porous structure, and obtain a composite material combining metal and ceramic particles through heat treatment processes such as heat preservation and cooling. In engineering applications, the process conditions for preparing composite materials with ceramic particles by cast infiltration are relatively harsh. The casting temperature of the melt has an important influence on the preparation process of the composite material. When the casting temperature is too high, the viscosity of the melt is low, and the preform particles are subjected to excessive inertial impact force and are dispersed; when the casting temperature is too low, the viscosity of the melt is high and the fluidity is poor, so that the melt cannot penetrate into the gaps between the preform particles. Based on this, in engineering applications, when developing composite products of different sizes and shapes, the casting depth of the melt in the porous preform varies greatly. The preform depth that matches the product can only be obtained through repeated experiments, which wastes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Therefore, how to accurately predict the casting depth of the melt in the porous preform is crucial to the development of composite materials. At present, there is no reasonable prediction model to predict the casting infiltration depth of metal matrix composites prepared by casting infiltration method.

[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for predicting the casting infiltration depth of a metal matrix composite material prepared by a casting infiltration method.

[0006] This application is implemented as follows:

[0007] The present application provides a method for predicting the casting infiltration depth of a metal matrix composite material prepared by a casting infiltration method. The step of preparing the metal matrix composite material by the casting infiltration method comprises injecting a molten metal into a mold cavity in which a porous preform is placed, so that the molten metal infiltrates into the porous preform to form the metal matrix composite material; the casting infiltration depth prediction method comprises:

[0008] Determine the initial infiltration temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and the final infiltration temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform;

[0009] The heat loss of the molten metal during the infiltration process into the porous preform is calculated according to the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature;

[0010] Calculate the casting and infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal;

[0011] The theoretical infiltration depth of the molten metal in the porous preform is calculated according to the infiltration time and infiltration speed of the molten metal.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the step of determining the initial infiltration temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and the final infiltration temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform comprises:

[0013] Determining a target viscosity range for the infiltration of the molten metal into the porous preform according to the physical properties of the porous preform and the molten metal;

[0014] The initial and final temperatures of the infiltration casting process are determined according to the target viscosity range and the viscosity-temperature mapping relationship of the molten metal.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the upper limit of the target viscosity range is the upper limit of the viscosity at which the molten metal can infiltrate the porous preform.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the heat loss during the process of the molten metal infiltrating into the porous preform Q 损 Calculated by:

[0017] ;in, C p is the specific heat capacity of the molten metal, T melt is the initial infiltration temperature, T melt0 is the end temperature of infiltration casting; m is the mass of the molten metal.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the step of calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal includes:

[0019] Calculate the heat loss flow of the molten metal according to the temperature of the molten metal, the first convection heat transfer coefficient between the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold, the thermal conductivity of the mold, the second convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer wall of the mold and the air, the temperature of the air, the heat exchange area of ​​the mold and the wall thickness of the mold;

[0020] The casting infiltration time of the molten metal is calculated based on the heat loss and heat loss flow of the molten metal.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the heat loss flow rate of the molten metal is Calculated by the following formula:

[0022] ;

[0023] in, A is the heat transfer area of ​​the mold, T m is the temperature of the molten metal, T air is the temperature of the air, h 1 is the first convection heat transfer coefficient, δ is the wall thickness of the mold, λ is the thermal conductivity of the mold, h 2 is the second convection heat transfer coefficient.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the area of ​​the inner wall surface of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A ;

[0025] Alternatively, the outer wall area of ​​the mold is used as the heat transfer area of ​​the mold. A ;

[0026] Alternatively, the average area of ​​the outer wall and inner wall of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A .

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the initial temperature of the casting infiltration is used as the temperature of the molten metal. T m ;

[0028] Alternatively, the temperature of the molten metal is taken as the end temperature of the casting infiltration. T m ;

[0029] Alternatively, the average temperature of the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature is taken as the temperature of the molten metal. T m .

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the casting infiltration time of the molten metal is t Satisfies the following formula:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, C p is the specific heat capacity of the molten metal, T melt is the initial infiltration temperature, T melt0 is the end temperature of infiltration casting; m is the mass of the molten metal.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the molten metal is a cast iron melt, and the material of the porous preform is porous ceramic.

[0034] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The casting infiltration depth prediction method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: determining the casting infiltration initial temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and the casting infiltration end temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform; calculating the heat loss of the molten metal in the process of infiltrating the porous preform according to the casting infiltration initial temperature and the casting infiltration end temperature; calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal; and calculating the theoretical casting infiltration depth of the molten metal in the porous preform according to the casting infiltration time and the casting infiltration speed of the molten metal. The casting infiltration depth prediction method provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively predict the theoretical casting infiltration depth of the metal-based composite material prepared by the casting infiltration method, and the obtained theoretical casting infiltration depth has a good evaluation and guidance role in the casting infiltration process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting casting infiltration depth in one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is the viscosity-temperature curve of high chromium cast iron. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0040] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting casting infiltration depth in an embodiment of the present application. The method for predicting casting infiltration depth provided in an embodiment of the present application is used to predict the casting infiltration depth of metal-based composite materials prepared by casting infiltration method. The step of preparing metal-based composite materials by casting infiltration method includes injecting molten metal into a mold cavity in which a porous preform is placed, so that the molten metal infiltrates into the porous preform to form a metal-based composite material. Among them, the molten metal can be a cast iron melt, specifically a high-chromium cast iron melt; the material of the porous preform can be a porous ceramic, specifically zirconia toughened alumina (Zirconia Toughened Alumina, ZTA). The mold used can be a sand mold.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the casting infiltration depth prediction method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S100, determining an initial infiltration temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and an end infiltration temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the casting temperature of the molten metal has an important influence on the preparation process of the composite material. When the casting temperature is too high, the viscosity of the molten metal is low, the fluidity is too good, and the porous preform particles are subjected to excessive inertial impact force and are dispersed; when the casting temperature is too low, the viscosity of the molten metal is high, the fluidity is poor, and it is difficult for the molten metal to penetrate into the voids of the preform.

[0045] Optionally, step S100 specifically includes the following steps: determining a target viscosity range for the infiltration of the molten metal into the porous preform according to the physical properties of the porous preform and the molten metal; determining the initial temperature of the infiltration and the end temperature of the infiltration according to the target viscosity range and the viscosity-temperature mapping relationship of the molten metal. It should be understood that the target viscosity range corresponds to the optimal viscosity range for the infiltration of the molten metal into the porous preform. Infiltration within this range can take into account both process efficiency and product quality. The lower limit and upper limit of the target viscosity range can be set based on experience. For example, the lower limit of the target viscosity range is set on the premise that the porous preform will not be dispersed; the upper limit of the target viscosity range is the upper limit of the viscosity at which the molten metal can infiltrate the porous preform, that is, when the viscosity of the molten metal is greater than the upper limit of the target viscosity range, the molten metal cannot continue to infiltrate the porous preform. It should be understood that the target viscosity range is related to the types of materials of the molten metal and the porous preform, and is also related to relevant parameters of the porous preform (such as wettability, particle size, porosity, and porosity uniformity, etc.).

[0046] Figure 2 This is the viscosity-temperature curve of high chromium cast iron. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the viscosity of the molten metal is negatively correlated with the temperature, and there is a relatively obvious inflection point in the viscosity-temperature curve. Taking high-chromium cast iron as an example, when the temperature reaches 1250°C, the viscosity of the molten metal is 18 Pa·s, and as the temperature decreases, the viscosity increases sharply. Based on experimental experience, the porous preform will not be dispersed when infiltration occurs at this temperature, so it is determined as the initial infiltration temperature. T melt As the temperature decreases, the viscosity increases sharply. At a temperature of 1240 °C, the viscosity is 35 Pa·s. If the temperature is lower than this, the viscosity is too high, which may cause the metal liquid to no longer infiltrate. Therefore, this temperature is determined as the end temperature of casting infiltration. T melt0 .

[0047] Step S200, calculating the heat loss of the molten metal during the process of infiltrating into the porous preform according to the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature.

[0048] In this embodiment, the heat loss of the molten metal is Q 损 Calculated by:

[0049] ;in, C p is the specific heat capacity of the molten metal, which can be obtained by looking up the table; T melt is the initial infiltration temperature, T melt0 is the end temperature of infiltration casting; m is the mass of the molten metal.

[0050] Step S300, calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal;

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, step S300 may include: calculating the heat loss flow rate of the molten metal based on the temperature of the molten metal, the first convection heat transfer coefficient between the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold, the thermal conductivity of the mold, the second convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer wall of the mold and the air, the temperature of the air, the heat exchange area of ​​the mold, and the wall thickness of the mold; calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal based on the heat loss and heat loss flow rate of the molten metal.

[0052] It can be understood that the heat loss flow rate represents the heat lost by the molten metal per unit time, and can characterize the rate at which the molten metal outputs heat to the outside. Therefore, based on the heat loss of the molten metal and the heat loss flow rate, the time required for the molten metal to lose this heat can be calculated. Since the heat loss is generated during the casting and infiltration process, this time duration corresponds to the casting and infiltration time.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat of the molten metal is transferred to the external air through the mold. Specifically, the heat is first transferred to the inner wall surface of the mold by convection heat transfer, and then transferred from the inner wall surface of the mold to the outer wall surface of the mold by heat conduction. The heat of the outer wall surface of the mold is transferred to the air outside the mold by convection heat transfer. The above three links are connected in series. Of course, the heat loss of the molten metal also includes other types such as outward heat radiation, but it is mainly transported outward through the above-mentioned "convection-heat conduction-convection" method, so the heat loss of the molten metal is calculated based on this heat transfer path.

[0054] Heat flow between the molten metal and the inner wall of the mold ;in, A is the heat transfer area of ​​the mold, h 1 is the first convection heat transfer coefficient, T m is the temperature of the molten metal, T wall1 is the temperature of the inner wall of the mold.

[0055] Heat flow from the inner wall of the mold to the outer wall of the mold ;in, is the mold wall thickness, is the thermal conductivity of the mold, is the temperature of the outer wall of the mold.

[0056] The heat flow between the outer wall of the mold and the air ,in, h 2 is the second convection heat transfer coefficient, is the temperature of the air.

[0057] The heat transfer process is treated as a steady-state process. Since the above three heat transfer links are connected in series, based on the law of energy conservation, the heat flux of the above three links , , is equal to the heat loss flow rate of the molten metal . That is, .

[0058] Strictly speaking, because the heat transfer area of ​​the inner and outer surfaces of the mold is different, the heat transfer area A of the mold is , , In this embodiment, in order to simplify the processing, the heat exchange area of ​​the mold in the three calculation formulas can be A Take the same value, for example, the area of ​​the inner wall of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold AOr, the outer wall area of ​​the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A Or, the average area of ​​the outer wall and inner wall of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A .

[0059] According to the equation , the heat loss flow rate of the molten metal can be obtained .

[0060] Furthermore, the casting infiltration time can be obtained .

[0061] As the temperature of the molten metal decreases gradually, the heat loss flow It is a dynamic process, but because the temperature of the molten metal T m Compared to air temperature T air much higher, and the temperature of the molten metal T m The range of variation relative to temperature T m It is relatively small, so a fixed value can also be taken, such as the initial temperature of casting infiltration T melt , or the end temperature of infiltration T melt0 , or take the initial temperature of casting T melt and casting end temperature T melt0 The average value of .

[0062] In other embodiments, the casting infiltration time can be calculated by integration. .

[0063] It can be seen that at the initial casting temperature T melt and casting end temperature T melt0 When the difference is not big, the above two casting infiltration times t The calculation results of the formula are slightly different.

[0064] Step S400, calculating the theoretical infiltration depth of the molten metal in the porous preform according to the infiltration time and infiltration speed of the molten metal.

[0065] In this embodiment, the casting depth ;in, v is the casting infiltration rate. When the physical parameters of the porous preform (including wettability, particle size, porosity, and porosity uniformity, etc.) remain unchanged, the casting infiltration rate can be v constant.

[0066] It can be found that when the casting process remains unchanged, the casting penetration depth H It is inversely proportional to the specific surface area of ​​the casting (approximately A / m). This also explains why small and thin-walled parts are difficult to infiltrate, because the specific surface area is large, the heat dissipation is fast, the temperature of the molten metal drops quickly, the viscosity increases sharply, and it is difficult to infiltrate.

[0067] The following is a detailed introduction to the casting infiltration depth prediction method of the present application with reference to Examples 1 to 3.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] In this embodiment, the casting is a plate hammer. The total mass of the plate hammer is 374 kg and the surface area is 1.3473 m 2 The preform mass is 14.34 kg, the molten metal is high chromium cast iron, the porous preform is ZTA ceramic, and the specific heat capacity of high chromium cast iron is , initial casting temperature of the molten metal T melt = 1250℃, casting stop temperature T melt0 = 1240℃, air temperature T air = 25℃, first convection heat transfer coefficient , the thickness of the mold , thermal conductivity of the mold , the second convection heat transfer coefficient , the casting infiltration speed is 0.000054 m / s. The calculation process of casting infiltration depth is as follows:

[0070] First, the heat loss of the molten metal during the casting process .

[0071] Then, the initial temperature of the casting infiltration is taken as the temperature of the molten metal, and the casting infiltration time is calculated. .

[0072] Finally, according to the casting infiltration speed v = 0.000054 m / s, then the casting penetration depth .

[0073] The casting penetration depth measured in the experiment is 30 mm, and the experimentally measured value is close to the theoretically predicted value.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The casting in this embodiment is a grinding roller, the total mass of the grinding roller is 3317 kg, and the surface area is 7.7901 m 2 The mass of the porous preform is 121.6 kg, the molten metal is high chromium cast iron, the porous preform is ZTA ceramic, and the specific heat capacity of high chromium cast iron is , initial casting temperature of the molten metal T melt = 1250℃, casting stop temperature T melt0 = 1240℃, air temperature T air = 25℃, first convection heat transfer coefficient , the thickness of the mold , thermal conductivity of the mold , the second convection heat transfer coefficient , the casting infiltration speed is 0.000054 m / s. The calculation process of casting infiltration depth is as follows:

[0076] First, the heat loss of the molten metal during the casting process .

[0077] Then, the initial temperature of the casting infiltration is taken as the temperature of the molten metal, and the casting infiltration time is calculated. .

[0078] Finally, according to the casting infiltration speed v = 0.000054 m / s, then the casting penetration depth .

[0079] Example 3

[0080] In this embodiment, the casting is a reamer ruler. The total mass of the reamer ruler is 215 kg and the surface area is 1.2995 m 2 The preform mass is 1.28 kg, the molten metal is high chromium cast iron, the porous preform is ZTA ceramic, and the specific heat capacity of high chromium cast iron is , initial casting temperature of the molten metal T melt = 1250℃, casting stop temperature T melt0 = 1240℃, air temperature T air = 25℃, first convection heat transfer coefficient , the thickness of the mold , thermal conductivity of the mold , the second convection heat transfer coefficient , the casting infiltration speed is 0.000054 m / s. The calculation process of casting infiltration depth is as follows:

[0081] First, the heat loss of the molten metal during the casting process .

[0082] Then, the initial temperature of the casting infiltration is taken as the temperature of the molten metal, and the casting infiltration time is calculated. .

[0083] Finally, according to the casting infiltration speedv = 0.000054 m / s, then the casting penetration depth .

[0084] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for predicting the casting depth of metal-based composite materials prepared by the casting infiltration method. The casting depth prediction method includes: determining the initial casting temperature at which the molten metal begins to infiltrate the porous preform and the final casting temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform; calculating the heat loss of the molten metal in the process of infiltrating the porous preform according to the initial casting temperature and the final casting temperature; calculating the casting time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal; and calculating the theoretical casting depth of the molten metal in the porous preform according to the casting time and the casting speed of the molten metal. The casting depth prediction method provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively predict the theoretical casting depth of metal-based composite materials prepared by the casting infiltration method, and the obtained theoretical casting depth has a good evaluation and guiding role in the casting infiltration process.

[0085] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the casting infiltration depth of a metal matrix composite material prepared by a casting infiltration method, characterized in that: The step of preparing the metal-based composite material by the casting infiltration method comprises injecting molten metal into a mold cavity in which a porous preform is placed, so that the molten metal infiltrates into the porous preform to form the metal-based composite material; The casting infiltration depth prediction method comprises: Determining an initial infiltration temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and an end infiltration temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform; Calculating the heat loss of the molten metal during the process of infiltrating into the porous preform according to the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature; Calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal; Calculating a theoretical infiltration depth of the molten metal in the porous preform according to the infiltration time and infiltration speed of the molten metal; The step of determining the initial infiltration temperature at which the molten metal starts to infiltrate the porous preform and the final infiltration temperature at which the molten metal stops infiltrating the porous preform comprises: Determining a target viscosity range for the metal liquid to infiltrate the porous preform according to the physical properties of the porous preform and the metal liquid, wherein the target viscosity range is related to the material types of the metal liquid and the porous preform, and is related to the wettability, particle size, porosity, and porosity uniformity of the porous preform; Determining the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature according to the target viscosity range and the viscosity-temperature mapping relationship of the molten metal; The step of calculating the casting infiltration time of the molten metal according to the heat loss of the molten metal comprises: Calculating the heat loss flow rate of the molten metal according to the temperature of the molten metal, a first convection heat transfer coefficient between the molten metal and the inner wall surface of the mold, a thermal conductivity of the mold, a second convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer wall surface of the mold and air, the temperature of the air, the heat exchange area of ​​the mold, and the wall thickness of the mold; The casting infiltration time of the molten metal is calculated according to the heat loss of the molten metal and the heat loss flow rate.

2. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limit of the target viscosity range is the upper limit of the viscosity at which the molten metal can infiltrate into the porous preform.

3. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat loss of the molten metal during the process of infiltration into the porous preform Q 损 Calculated by: ;in, C p is the specific heat capacity of the molten metal, T melt is the initial infiltration temperature, T melt0 is the end temperature of the infiltration casting; m is the mass of the molten metal.

4. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat loss flow rate of the molten metal Calculated by the following formula: ； in, A is the heat exchange area of ​​the mold, T m is the temperature of the molten metal, T air is the temperature of the air, h 1 is the first convection heat transfer coefficient, δ is the wall thickness of the mold, λ is the thermal conductivity of the mold, h 2 is the second convection heat transfer coefficient.

5. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The area of ​​the inner wall of the mold is taken as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold A ; Alternatively, the area of ​​the outer wall of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A ; Alternatively, the average area of ​​the outer wall and the inner wall of the mold is used as the heat exchange area of ​​the mold. A .

6. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The initial infiltration temperature is used as the temperature of the molten metal. T m ; Alternatively, the casting infiltration end temperature is used as the temperature of the molten metal. T m ; Alternatively, the average temperature of the initial infiltration temperature and the final infiltration temperature is used as the temperature of the molten metal. T m .

7. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The casting infiltration time of the molten metal t Satisfies the following formula: ； in, C p is the specific heat capacity of the molten metal, T melt is the initial infiltration temperature, T melt0 is the end temperature of the infiltration casting; m is the mass of the molten metal.

8. The method for predicting casting penetration depth according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The molten metal is a cast iron melt, and the porous preform is made of porous ceramics.

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