Filter for efficiently adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with low consumption and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency low-consumption filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water and an operation method. The filter is composed of a water inlet assembly, a coarse filtering layer, an adsorption layer, a fine filtering layer and a water outlet assembly which are detachably connected in sequence from bottom to top, the water outlet assembly is provided with a water outlet used for discharging purified water and a water injection port used for backwashing, the water inlet assembly is provided with a water inlet used for introducing sewage and a sewage outlet used for backwashing, the water inlet is connected with the water injection port through a three-way pipeline, and the three-way pipeline is provided with a two-way control valve used for controlling water supply to the water inlet or the water injection port. The water inlet and the water injection port are provided with one-way valves, and the drain outlet is provided with a drain The filter is low in use cost, the filter element of any layer can be independently replaced, and the utilization rate of the filter element of each layer can be maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular to a filter capable of efficiently and low-consumption absorbing high-risk pollutants in water and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of high-risk pollutants in water, which pose serious threats to water quality, aquatic life and human health, such as perfluorinated pollutants, antibiotics, microplastics, etc., as explained below:

[0003] 1) Perfluorinated pollutants (PFAS) are extremely stable. They can exist in the environment for a long time and are difficult to be naturally degraded. This leads to the widespread distribution of PFAS in water bodies, forming persistent pollution. PFAS are bioaccumulative and can gradually accumulate and amplify in organisms. This means that even if the concentration of PFAS in the environment is very low, it may reach a harmful level in the body. Long-term exposure to PFAS may cause damage to the human reproductive and endocrine systems and increase the risk of disease.

[0004] 2) When antibiotics enter water bodies, they will have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, affecting their growth, reproduction and ecological balance. In addition, if they are exposed to antibiotics in water bodies for a long time, bacteria and other microorganisms will develop drug resistance and form drug-resistant bacteria. These drug-resistant bacteria are not only difficult to be killed by antibiotics, but may also be transmitted to humans through the food chain, posing a threat to human health.

[0005] 3) Microplastics cause harm to aquatic organisms, such as entanglement, suffocation, and ingestion. At the same time, microplastics can also absorb harmful substances, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants, which in turn produce a combined toxic effect on aquatic organisms.

[0006] The use of filters can remove toxic and harmful substances such as suspended matter and high-risk pollutants in water, and can also provide good water quality for subsequent reverse osmosis membranes. However, the existing composite filter element is a fixed integrated structure. In many cases, the outer layer is severely polluted while the internal pollution is relatively light. Due to the design of the integrated structure, all of them can only be replaced. At the same time, the existing ordinary filters have no backwashing function, and the automatic backwashing filter relies on electronic components and is costly. Therefore, a new type of filter is needed to absorb high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a filter and an operating method for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a filter for efficiently and low-consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water, the filter being composed of a detachably connected water inlet assembly, a coarse filtration layer, an adsorption layer, a fine filtration layer and a water outlet assembly from bottom to top, the water outlet assembly being provided with a water outlet for discharging clean water and a water injection port for backwashing, the water inlet assembly being provided with a water inlet for introducing sewage and a sewage outlet for backwashing, the water inlet being connected to the water injection port through a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipe being provided with a two-way control valve for controlling the water supply to the water inlet or the water injection port, the water inlet and the water injection port being provided with a one-way valve, and the sewage outlet being provided with a sewage valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the coarse filtration layer, adsorption layer and fine filtration layer are all composed of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled in the shell, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the shell are provided with mesh plates, and the mesh plates are provided with holes for connecting with adjacent layers using rotating buckles.

[0010] Note: The shells of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer, and fine filter layer are made of transparent hard plastic, such as Clean-PVC, which makes it easy to observe the contamination status of the internal filter element, so that when contamination is observed, the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer, and fine filter layer can be backwashed or the filter element replaced in time. At the same time, the detachable design of the rotating buckle and the card hole can facilitate the disassembly of each filter layer, thereby improving the efficiency of replacing the filter element.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter element of the coarse filtration layer adopts SUS304 filter mesh with a filtration accuracy of 30-50um; the filter element of the adsorption layer adopts a mixed filler of activated carbon and restricted water-modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1-5; the fine filtration layer adopts PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1-5um.

[0012] Description: The coarse filtration layer uses SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 30-50um, which can intercept larger suspended solids in the initial stage of filtration and protect the adsorption layer; secondly, the filtration accuracy of 50um can reduce the material leakage of the adsorption layer during the backwashing process; the SUS304 filter screen has a large rigidity and will hardly deform under the weight of the adsorption layer. After on-site cleaning, it can restore most of the filtration effect, and the replacement frequency is very low;

[0013] The adsorption layer uses a combination of restricted water modified activated carbon and activated carbon with excellent adsorption performance. It adsorbs most of the pollutants in the water and is the most important part of purifying water quality. Due to the new hydrophilic adsorption effect of restricted water activated carbon, combined with the hydrophobic adsorption effect of activated carbon, it can achieve rapid and efficient removal of high-risk pollutants. The mass ratio of activated carbon to restricted water activated carbon is 1:1~5, which can be changed according to the actual influent water quality, water quality and other requirements.

[0014] The fine filter layer uses PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1-5um, which can further intercept small-size particles while preventing the activated carbon from escaping.

[0015] Furthermore, the water outlet assembly and the fine filter layer, as well as the coarse filter layer and the water inlet assembly are connected via a water follower tank, and the filter is provided with a frame for suspending the filter, the frame being composed of a top ring, a bottom ring and a plurality of connecting rods for connecting the top ring and the bottom ring, the water follower tank is connected to the connecting rods via a connecting block; a carrier plate with a plurality of fan-shaped openings is provided on one end face of the water follower tank, and a trigger ring groove is provided on the outer side of the carrier plate for connecting with the inside of the water follower layer by squeezing the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer, an annular airbag is provided in the trigger ring groove, a flow control disk rotatably connected to the carrier plate is provided in the water follower tank, the flow control disk has a blocking plate corresponding to the fan-shaped openings one by one, a pneumatic ring groove is provided on the inner wall of the water follower tank, a plurality of partitions and arc-shaped through grooves are provided at equal intervals in the pneumatic ring groove, and a dial for extending into the arc-shaped through groove is provided on the blocking plate Rod, a strip air bag is provided between the lever and one side baffle, an elastic member is provided between the lever and the other side baffle, each of the strip air bags is communicated with the annular air bag, a water guide port is provided on the side of the water follow-up bin, and the water guide ports of the two water follow-up bins are communicated through at least one group of water guide pipes, a telescopic tube is adopted in the middle of the water guide pipe, and the filter elements same as the coarse filter layer, the adsorption layer and the fine filter layer are used in the water guide pipe from bottom to top; the water follow-up bin is connected to the connecting rod by sliding up and down through a connecting block, and a limiting plate for limiting is provided on the connecting rod, and a sealing ring that cooperates with the trigger ring groove to squeeze the annular air bag is provided on the shell end surface of the fine filter layer and the coarse filter layer, a telescopic tube is adopted in the middle of the three-way pipe, a mesh plate is also provided on the other side end surface of the water follow-up bin, and a card hole for connecting with the water inlet assembly or the water outlet assembly by a rotating buckle is provided on the mesh plate.

[0016] Note: Since the filter needs to be shut down when replacing the filter element of any layer, this will cause certain usage problems for continuous water treatment, and the frequent start and stop of the water pump will also affect the service life of the water pump to a certain extent. Therefore, on the basis of backwashing, we have also added a component that can quickly and conveniently replace the filter element of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filter layer without stopping the filter;

[0017] The setting of the water follow-up tank can make it possible to continue water treatment through the connection of the two water follow-up tanks when replacing the filter element of the coarse filter layer, the adsorption layer and / or the fine filter layer, and the docking of the water follow-up tank with the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer does not need to rely on electronic components, and the connection of the water follow-up tank with the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer or the closure of the water follow-up tank can be achieved by plugging;

[0018] At the same time, with the assistance of the frame, the two water tanks can be used to quickly and conveniently lift the water outlet assembly and lower the water inlet assembly, so as to replace the coarse filter layer, the adsorption layer and / or the fine filter layer.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of magnetic blocks for magnetic attraction and positioning are provided on the flow control disc and the carrier plate, and a flow guide block is provided at each fan-shaped opening of the carrier plate.

[0020] Description: By setting the flow control disc and the magnetic blocks on the carrier plate, the flow control disc can be rotated and positioned during rotation, thereby improving the switching efficiency of the flow control disc when rotating to block the water relay tank and open the water relay tank. By setting the guide block on the water-facing surface of the carrier plate, the water resistance of the unopened area of ​​the carrier plate can be reduced, thereby improving the stability of the operation of the water relay tank.

[0021] Furthermore, a first gear ring is rotatably clamped on the connecting block, and the first gear ring is threadedly sleeved with an internal thread provided on the connecting rod, and each connecting block is also rotatably clamped with a second gear ring for simultaneously driving each first gear ring, and a handle is provided on the outer side of the second gear ring.

[0022] Description: Through the setting of the first gear ring and the second gear ring, each connecting block can rise or fall synchronously, which can improve the operating efficiency on the one hand, and make the water tank rise or fall more smoothly on the other hand. At the same time, the internal thread design can prevent the sliding of the connecting block from being affected, and the handle design can make the rotation of the second gear ring easier to operate.

[0023] Furthermore, a gate which is opened and closed by expanding and contracting a gate airbag is provided on the water inlet of the water-relaying tank, and a trigger airbag which is triggered by squeezing the gate airbag by a connecting block is provided on the limit plate, and the trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a hose.

[0024] Note: Since the water outlet needs to be open when replacing the filter element of any layer, and when there is no need to replace the filter element of any layer, in order to avoid the use of the filter element in the water pipe, if the water outlet can be closed, this situation can be avoided, so that the water pipe is only used as a relay flow path when replacing the filter element of any layer;

[0025] By utilizing the coordinated effects of the gate airbag, the gate and the trigger airbag, the distance change between the limit plate and the connecting block can be utilized, and this distance change happens to be the node where the water outlet needs to be closed or opened. Therefore, the above functional requirements can be achieved through the design of the above structure without relying on electronic components.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for operating the filter, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1, open the two-way control valve to connect the three-way pipe with the water inlet, perform water filtration and adsorption treatment, inject water through the nozzle of the three-way pipe, and enter the water inlet of the water inlet assembly along the three-way pipe. Under the action of water pressure, the water passes through the coarse filtration layer, the adsorption layer, and the fine filtration layer in sequence to complete the coarse filtration, adsorption and fine filtration of the water, and finally discharge the treated clean water through the outlet of the water outlet assembly;

[0028] Step 2. When the filter element of the filter is contaminated, open the two-way control valve to connect the three-way pipe with the water injection port. At the same time, open the drain valve of the water inlet assembly to open the drain port. Water enters from the water injection port of the water outlet assembly along the three-way pipe, and passes through the fine filtration layer, adsorption layer, and coarse filtration layer in turn under the action of water pressure to complete the backwashing of the filter element.

[0029] Description: By using filters with high efficiency and low consumption to adsorb high-risk pollutants in water, suspended matter, high-risk pollutants (such as perfluorinated compounds, microplastics, antibiotics, etc.) and other toxic and harmful substances in the water can be effectively removed. It can also provide good inlet water quality for the subsequent reverse osmosis membrane, effectively extend the service life of the RO membrane, and is suitable for adsorption and purification of tap water, surface water, sewage and industrial wastewater.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The filter of the present invention can effectively reduce the head loss caused by the traditional split filter connecting pipeline through the design of coarse filtration + adsorption + fine filtration. At the same time, the filter of the present invention combines high efficiency with low cost, and can achieve backwashing by relying on a multi-way valve, so as to achieve a high degree of fit between efficiency and cost.

[0032] (2) The filter of the present invention has low cost for efficiently and low-consumption adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water, and any layer of filter elements can be replaced separately to maximize the utilization rate of the filter elements of each layer. At the same time, the filter element of the filter of the present invention has a long service life. During daily use, the coarse filter layer is susceptible to contamination and is seriously contaminated. Therefore, a SUS304 filter mesh with a filtration accuracy of about 50um is selected so that most of the pollutants can be removed during backwashing. Even if there are a small amount of difficult-to-remove pollutants, they can be disassembled and cleaned on the spot.

[0033] (3) The filter of the present invention, which can efficiently and low-consumptionly adsorb high-risk pollutants in water, can replace the filter element of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filter layer without stopping the machine through the setting of the water follower tank, and can perform continuous water treatment operations, thereby reducing the frequency of starting and stopping the water pump. The setting of the two water follower tanks does not require reliance on electronic components, and the connection between the water follower tank and the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer or the closure of the water follower tank can be achieved by plugging.

[0034] (4) By using the filter of the present invention, suspended matter, perfluorinated compounds, microplastics, antibiotics and other toxic and harmful substances in water can be effectively removed, and the adsorption and purification needs of tap water, surface water, sewage and industrial wastewater can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the water flow route when the filter of the present invention performs water treatment;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the water flow route when the filter of the present invention is backwashed;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the water inlet assembly and the water outlet assembly of the filter in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coarse filter layer of the filter of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the adsorption layer structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the fine filtration layer structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating buckle structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter when the filter element is replaced in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the water tank and the frame of the filter of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between two subsequent water tanks of the filter of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first and second gear rings of the water tank of the filter of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in a state where the water tank is opened;

[0050] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in a state where the water tank is closed;

[0051] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the water tank of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the flow control disc structure of the water tank of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the annular airbag and the strip airbag of the water tank of the present invention;

[0055] Among them, 1-water inlet assembly, 11-water inlet, 12-drain outlet, 2-coarse filter layer, 3-adsorption layer, 4-fine filter layer, 5-water outlet assembly, 51-water outlet, 52-water injection port, 6-three-way pipe, 61-two-way control valve, 7-mesh plate, 71-card hole, 72-rotating buckle, 73-sealing ring, 8-water tank, 81-carrier plate, 811-fan-shaped opening, 812-guide block, 82-trigger Annular groove, 83-annular air bag, 84-flow control disc, 841-blocking plate, 842-push rod, 85-pneumatic annular groove, 851-blocking block, 852-arc-shaped through groove, 86-strip air bag, 87-elastic member, 88-water guide port, 89-connecting block, 891-first gear ring, 892-second gear ring, 9-frame, 91-top ring, 92-bottom ring, 93-connecting rod, 931-limiting plate, 10-water guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods to better reflect the advantages of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1: A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption, such as Figure 3 As shown, the filter is composed of a detachably connected water inlet assembly 1, a coarse filter layer 2, an adsorption layer 3, a fine filter layer 4 and a water outlet assembly 5 from bottom to top. The filter element of the coarse filter layer 2 adopts a SUS304 filter mesh with a filtration accuracy of 40um; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 adopts a mixed filler of activated carbon and restricted water modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:4; the fine filter layer 4 adopts PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 4um,

[0058] Among them, activated carbon refers to commercially available activated carbon, and confined water-encapsulated activated carbon refers to activated carbon modified by confined water enhancement technology. This technology can improve the adsorption efficiency of traditional adsorbents for high-risk pollutants in a reagent-free and low-cost manner, providing an effective solution for the efficient removal of high-risk pollutants in water. Confined water-encapsulated activated carbon belongs to the prior art, see: [; Shi, Y., Mu, H., You, J., Han, C., Cheng, H., Wang, J., Hu, H., Ren, H. 2023. Confined water–encapsulated activated carbon for capturing short-chain perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from drinking water. PNAS, 120(27), e2219179120; Sun Y, Yu F, Li C, et al. Nano- / micro-confined water in graphenehydrogel as super adsorbents for water purification[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2019, 12(1): 2.];

[0059] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4 are all composed of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled in the shell. The transparent hard plastic is Clean-PVC, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the shell are provided with mesh plates 7, and the mesh plates 7 are provided with card holes 71 for connecting with adjacent layers by rotating buckles 72.

[0060] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the water outlet assembly 5 is provided with a water outlet 51 for discharging clean water and a water injection port 52 for backwashing, the water inlet assembly 1 is provided with a water inlet 11 for introducing sewage and a sewage outlet 12 for backwashing, the water inlet 11 is connected to the water injection port 52 through a three-way pipe 6, and the three-way pipe 6 is provided with a two-way control valve 61 for controlling the water supply to the water inlet 11 or the water injection port 52, the water inlet 11 and the water injection port 52 are both provided with a one-way valve, and the sewage outlet 12 is provided with a sewage valve. It can be understood that the two-way control valve 61, the one-way valve and the sewage valve are all commercially available valve bodies.

[0061] Example 2: This example discloses an operating method of a filter for efficiently and low-cost adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water, based on the filter of Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Open the two-way control valve 61 to connect the three-way pipe 6 to the water inlet 11, and perform water filtration and adsorption treatment. Water is injected through the pipe opening of the three-way pipe 6. Figure 1 As shown, water enters from the water inlet 11 of the water inlet assembly 1 along the three-way pipe 6, and passes through the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4 in sequence under the action of water pressure, completing the coarse filtration, adsorption and fine filtration of the water, and finally the treated clean water is discharged through the water outlet 51 of the water outlet assembly 5;

[0063] Step 2: When the filter elements in the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4 of the filter are observed to be contaminated through the transparent hard plastic shell, the two-way control valve 61 is opened to connect the three-way pipe 6 with the water injection port 52, and the drain valve of the water inlet assembly 1 is opened to open the drain port 12. Figure 2 As shown, water enters from the water inlet 52 of the water outlet assembly 5 along the three-way pipe 6, and passes through the fine filter layer 4, the adsorption layer 3, and the coarse filter layer 2 in sequence under the action of water pressure, completing the backwashing of the filter element.

[0064] Embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that Figure 9-12 As shown, the water outlet assembly 5 and the fine filter layer 4, and the coarse filter layer 2 and the water inlet assembly 1 are connected via a water follower tank 8, and a frame 9 for suspending the filter is provided on the filter, the frame 9 is composed of a top ring 91, a bottom ring 92 and three connecting rods 93 for connecting the top ring 91 and the bottom ring 92, and the water follower tank 8 is connected to the connecting rod 93 via a connecting block 89;

[0065] like Figure 14-Figure 20As shown, a carrier plate 81 having six fan-shaped openings 811 is provided on one end face of the water-continuing tank 8, and the fan-shaped openings 811 are evenly distributed at an angle of 60°, and a trigger ring groove 82 for connecting with the inside of the water-continuing layer 8 by squeezing the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2 is provided on the outer side of the carrier plate 81, and an annular air bag 83 is provided in the trigger ring groove 82, and a flow control disc 84 rotatably connected to the carrier plate 81 is provided in the water-continuing tank 8, and a blocking plate 841 corresponding to the fan-shaped openings 811 is provided on the flow control disc 84, and a pneumatic ring groove 85 is provided on the inner wall of the water-continuing tank 8, and six baffles 851 and an arc-shaped through groove 852 are evenly spaced in the pneumatic ring groove 85, and a plug 841 is provided for extending into The lever 842 of the arc-shaped through groove 852, a strip air bag 86 is arranged between the lever 842 and the partition 851 on one side, and an elastic member 87 is arranged between the lever 842 and the partition 851 on the other side, each of the strip air bags 86 is connected with the annular air bag 83, a water guide port 88 is arranged on the side of the water follower tank 8, and the water guide ports 88 of the two water follower tanks 8 are connected through three groups of water guide pipes 10, the middle part of the water guide pipe 10 adopts a telescopic pipe, and the filter elements corresponding to the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4 are used from bottom to top in the water guide pipe 10; the water follower tank 8 is connected to the connecting rod 93 by sliding up and down through the connecting block 89, and the connecting rod 93 is provided with a limiting plate 931 for limiting.

[0066] like Fig.10 As shown, the shell end surfaces of the fine filter layer 4 and the coarse filter layer 2 are both provided with sealing rings 73 that cooperate with the trigger ring groove 82 to squeeze the annular airbag 83. The middle part of the three-way pipe 6 adopts a telescopic tube. The other side end surface of the water tank 8 is also provided with a mesh plate 7, and the mesh plate 7 is provided with a clamping hole 71 for connecting with the water inlet assembly 1 or the water outlet assembly 5 by using a rotating buckle 72.

[0067] It is understandable that the three groups of water pipes 10 mentioned above can also be provided with separate valve bodies for control so as to be used alternately.

[0068] Example 4: This example discloses an operating method of a filter for efficiently and low-cost adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 3, the operating method of Example 2 further includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 3, when the filter element of the filter needs to be replaced, use the arc-shaped clamp provided on the connecting rod 93 to clamp the adsorption layer 3, move the water outlet assembly 5 and the subsequent water tank 8 upward along the frame 9, and at the same time move the water inlet assembly 1 and the subsequent water tank 8 downward along the frame 9, then remove and replace the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4, and then reset the water outlet assembly 5 and the subsequent water tank 8, and the water inlet assembly 1 and the subsequent water tank 8 to complete the filter element replacement of the filter;

[0070] Among them, the docking and separation method of the water tank 8 and the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2 is: when the water tank 8 is plugged into the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2, the sealing ring 73 enters the trigger ring groove 82 for 3 cm and then starts to squeeze the annular air bag 83. The annular air bag 83 allows gas to enter each strip air bag 86 under the squeezing action, thereby pushing the lever 842 through the strip air bag 86 to make the flow control disk 84 overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 87. A spring is used here, but it is not limited to this kind of elastic material, so that the flow control disk 84 rotates, and then the blocking plate 841 of the flow control disk 84 turns away from the fan-shaped opening 811, thereby realizing the connection between the water tank 8 and the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2. At this time, since the sealing ring 73 has been sealed and docked with the trigger ring groove 82 in advance, water will not flow out when the fan-shaped opening 811 is opened.

[0071] Embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 3 in that Fig.19 As shown, the flow control disk 84 and the carrier plate 81 are both provided with 6 magnetic blocks for magnetic attraction and positioning, such as Fig.16 As shown, guide blocks 812 are provided at each fan-shaped opening 811 of the carrier plate 81 .

[0072] Example 6: This example discloses an operating method of a filter for efficiently and low-cost adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 5, the operating method of Example 4 further includes:

[0073] When the flow control disc 84 rotates, there are magnetic points at the blocking plate 841 of the flow control disc 84 where the fan-shaped opening 811 is blocked and at the unblocked fan-shaped opening 811. This can more accurately locate the rotation angle of the flow control disc 84. At the same time, when water flows through the carrier plate 81, the guide block 812 can reduce the water resistance of the unopened area of ​​the carrier plate, thereby improving the stability of the operation of the water tank.

[0074] Embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 3 in that Fig.13 As shown, a first toothed ring 891 is rotatably clamped on the connecting block 89, and the first toothed ring 891 is threadedly sleeved with an internal thread provided on the connecting rod 93, and each connecting block 89 is also rotatably clamped with a second toothed ring 892 for simultaneously driving each first toothed ring 891, and a handle is provided on the outer side of the second toothed ring 892.

[0075] Example 8: This example discloses an operating method of a filter for efficiently and low-cost adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water, based on the filter of Example 7, and further comprising the following on the basis of the operating method of Example 4:

[0076] The first gear rings 891 are rotated by rotating the second gear ring 892, so that the water outlet assembly 5 and the subsequent water tank 8 are raised / lowered, and the water inlet assembly 1 and the subsequent water tank 8 are raised / lowered under the transmission of the internal thread of the first gear ring 891 and the connecting rod 93.

[0077] Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 3 in that a gate which is opened and closed by controlling the expansion and contraction of a gate airbag is provided on the water outlet 88 of the water-conducting tank 8, and the gate is connected to the inner wall of the water outlet 88 by sliding up and down. One end of the gate airbag is connected to the inner wall of the water outlet 88, and the other end is connected to the gate. A trigger airbag which is triggered by squeezing the gate airbag by the connecting block 89 is provided on the limit plate 931. The trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a hose. It can be understood that the hose has a telescopic margin to meet the distance change caused by the up and down lifting of the water-conducting tank 8.

[0078] Example 10: This example discloses an operating method of a filter for efficiently and low-cost adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water, based on the filter of Example 9, and further comprising the following on the basis of the operating method of Example 4:

[0079] When the connecting block 89 approaches the limiting plate 931, the connecting block 89 starts to squeeze the trigger airbag, causing the gate airbag to expand and push the gate to start blocking the water outlet 88. When the connecting block 89 moves away from the limiting plate 931, the trigger airbag loses the squeezing of the connecting block 89 and is reset under the restoring force of the spring built into the trigger airbag, so that the gate airbag contracts to cause the gate to open the water outlet 88.

[0080] Example 11: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the filter element of the coarse filtration layer 2 adopts SUS304 filter mesh, and its filtration accuracy is 30um; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 adopts a mixed filler of activated carbon and restricted water-modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1; the fine filtration layer 4 adopts PP cotton, and its filtration accuracy is 1um.

[0081] Example 12: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the filter element of the coarse filtration layer 2 adopts SUS304 filter mesh, and its filtration accuracy is 50um; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 adopts a mixed filler of activated carbon and restricted water-modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:5; the fine filtration layer 4 adopts PP cotton, and its filtration accuracy is 5um.

Claims

1. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption, characterized in that: The filter is composed of a detachably connected water inlet assembly (1), a coarse filter layer (2), an adsorption layer (3), a fine filter layer (4) and a water outlet assembly (5) from bottom to top. The water outlet assembly (5) is provided with a water outlet (51) for discharging clean water and a water injection port (52) for backwashing. The water inlet assembly (1) is provided with a water inlet (11) for introducing sewage and a sewage outlet (12) for backwashing. The water inlet (11) is connected to the water injection port (52) through a three-way pipe (6), and the three-way pipe (6) is provided with a two-way control valve (61) for controlling water supply to the water inlet (11) or the water injection port (52). The water inlet (11) and the water injection port (52) are both provided with a one-way valve, and the sewage outlet (12) is provided with a sewage valve.

2. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse filtration layer (2), the adsorption layer (3), and the fine filtration layer (4) are all composed of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled in the shell, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the shell are provided with a mesh plate (7), and the mesh plate (7) is provided with a clamping hole (71) for connecting with an adjacent layer by means of a rotating buckle (72), and the water inlet (11) and the water injection port (52) are both provided with a one-way valve.

3. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The filter element of the coarse filter layer (2) adopts a SUS304 filter mesh with a filtration accuracy of 30 to 50 um; the filter element of the adsorption layer (3) adopts a mixed filler composed of activated carbon and restricted water-modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 5; the fine filter layer (4) adopts PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1 to 5 um.

4. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The water outlet assembly (5) and the fine filter layer (4), as well as the coarse filter layer (2) and the water inlet assembly (1) are connected via a water follower tank (8), and a frame (9) for suspending the filter is provided on the filter, the frame (9) being composed of a top ring (91), a bottom ring (92), and a plurality of connecting rods (93) for connecting the top ring (91) and the bottom ring (92), and the water follower tank (8) is connected to the connecting rods (93) via a connecting block (89); A carrier plate (81) having a plurality of fan-shaped openings (811) is provided on one end surface of the water-relaying tank (8), and a trigger ring groove (82) for connecting with the inside of the water-relaying layer (8) by squeezing the fine filter layer (4) or the coarse filter layer (2) is provided on the outer side of the carrier plate (81), and a ring-shaped air bag (83) is provided in the trigger ring groove (82). The water tank (8) is provided with a flow control disc (84) rotatably connected to the carrier plate (81), and the flow control disc (84) is provided with a blocking plate (841) corresponding to the fan-shaped opening (811). The inner wall of the water tank (8) is provided with a pneumatic ring groove (85), and a plurality of baffles (851) and arc-shaped through grooves (852) are arranged at equal intervals in the pneumatic ring groove (85). The blocking plate (841) is provided with a lever (842) for extending into the arc-shaped through groove (852), and a strip air bag (86) is provided between the lever (842) and the baffle (851) on one side, and an elastic member (87) is provided between the lever (842) and the baffle (851) on the other side, and each of the strip air bags (86) is connected to the annular air bag (83). A water guide port (88) is provided on the side of the water follower bin (8), and the water guide ports (88) of the two water follower bins (8) are connected through at least one set of water guide pipes (10), the middle part of the water guide pipes (10) adopts a telescopic pipe, and the water guide pipes (10) use the same filter elements as the coarse filter layer (2), the adsorption layer (3), and the fine filter layer (4) from bottom to top; the water follower bin (8) is slidably connected to the connecting rod (93) via a connecting block (89), and a limiting plate (931) for limiting is provided on the connecting rod (93), The shell end surfaces of the fine filter layer (4) and the coarse filter layer (2) are both provided with sealing rings (73) that cooperate with the trigger ring groove (82) to squeeze the annular airbag (83); the middle part of the three-way pipe (6) adopts a telescopic tube; the other end surface of the water tank (8) is also provided with a mesh plate (7), and the mesh plate (7) is provided with a clamping hole (71) for connecting with the water inlet assembly (1) or the water outlet assembly (5) by means of a rotating buckle (72).

5. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of magnetic blocks for magnetic attraction and positioning are provided on the flow control disk (84) and the carrier plate (81), and a flow guide block (812) is provided at each fan-shaped opening (811) of the carrier plate (81).

6. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A first toothed ring (891) is rotatably clamped on the connecting block (89), and the first toothed ring (891) is threadedly sleeved with an internal thread provided on the connecting rod (93). Each connecting block (89) is also rotatably clamped with a second toothed ring (892) for simultaneously driving each first toothed ring (891), and a handle is provided on the outer side of the second toothed ring (892).

7. A filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The water inlet (88) of the water-supplying tank (8) is provided with a gate whose opening and closing is controlled by the expansion and contraction of a gate airbag, and the limit plate (931) is provided with a trigger airbag which is pressed and triggered by a connecting block (89), and the trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a hose.

8. The method for operating the filter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, open the two-way control valve (61) to make the three-way pipe (6) in communication with the water inlet (11), perform water filtration and adsorption treatment, inject water through the pipe mouth of the three-way pipe (6), and the water enters from the water inlet (11) of the water inlet assembly (1) along the three-way pipe (6), and passes through the coarse filtration layer (2), the adsorption layer (3), and the fine filtration layer (4) in sequence under the action of water pressure, completing the coarse filtration, adsorption and fine filtration of the water, and finally discharge the treated clean water through the water outlet (51) of the water outlet assembly (5); Step 2: When the filter element of the filter is contaminated, the two-way control valve (61) is opened to connect the three-way pipe (6) with the water injection port (52), and at the same time, the sewage valve of the water inlet assembly (1) is opened to open the sewage outlet (12). Water enters from the water injection port (52) of the water outlet assembly (5) along the three-way pipe (6), and passes through the fine filter layer (4), the adsorption layer (3), and the coarse filter layer (2) in sequence under the action of water pressure, thereby completing the backwashing of the filter element of the filter.

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