Efficient gardening fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural gardening, and discloses an efficient gardening fertilizer, which comprises the following components by mass: 40-60% of a base fertilizer; 10%-30% of a carrier material; 5%-10% of an adjusting component; the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium in the basic fertilizer is 20-10 to 10; the carrier material comprises bentonite and diatomite, and the weight ratio of the bentonite to the diatomite is (5: 5)-(7: 3); the bentonite is subjected to acid treatment, and the acid treatment condition is that the bentonite is mixed with a 1M hydrochloric acid solution. Precise slow release of main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer is achieved by adopting a carrier material and a multi-layer coating technology, the surfaces of fertilizer particles are coated with chitosan and kieselguhr in a double-layer mode, permeation of water and nutrients is effectively regulated and controlled, the release speed of the fertilizer nutrients is matched with the plant growth requirement, excessive loss and waste of the nutrients are reduced, and the yield of the fertilizer is increased. The fertilizer efficiency period is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural horticulture, in particular to a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agriculture and horticulture, the advancement of fertilization technology plays a vital role in improving crop yields and soil health. Traditional fertilizers have a series of limitations due to their rapid nutrient release and short-term fertilizer effect. These limitations are mainly manifested in low nutrient utilization, deterioration of soil structure and pollution to the environment. Especially in the rainy season or under frequent irrigation conditions, traditional fertilizers are prone to rapid water loss, resulting in a large amount of nutrient loss, resulting in fertilizer waste, and the fertilizer effect is difficult to sustain. In order to cope with these problems, slow-release fertilizers (Control-Release Fert il izers, CRFs) technology has gradually attracted people's attention in recent years.

[0003] Existing slow-release fertilizers usually control the release rate of nutrients by coating the fertilizer particles with a layer of film material, thereby extending the effective period of the fertilizer. However, this method still has many shortcomings, mainly including:

[0004] Unstable slow-release performance: Although coating technology can prolong the effectiveness of fertilizers to a certain extent, traditional coating materials (such as resins, polymers, etc.) often show uneven dissolution rates when exposed to water, resulting in uneven nutrient release and affecting crop absorption.

[0005] Low fertilizer utilization rate: Traditional fertilizers or ordinary slow-release fertilizers cannot be accurately released according to the different stages of plant growth, resulting in the loss of some nutrients before crops absorb them. This not only increases the amount of fertilizer applied, but also increases the risk of environmental pollution, especially in the rainy season and in areas with heavy irrigation.

[0006] Insufficient soil improvement: Existing slow-release fertilizers mostly focus on controlling nutrient release, and have a weak effect on improving soil structure. They cannot significantly improve soil water retention, aeration, and microbial activity. Long-term application may even aggravate soil compaction problems.

[0007] To this end, those skilled in the art provide a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of unstable slow-release performance, low fertilizer utilization rate and insufficient soil improvement in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0010] 40%-60% basic fertilizer;

[0011] 10%-30% carrier material;

[0012] 5%-10% of regulating components.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the basic fertilizer is 20-10-10.

[0014] Preferably, the carrier material comprises bentonite and diatomaceous earth, and the weight ratio of the bentonite to the diatomaceous earth is 5:5-7:3.

[0015] Preferably, the bentonite is treated with acid, and the acid treatment conditions are: the bentonite is mixed with a 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 75°C-85°C for 2H-2.5H, and then washed to neutrality;

[0016] The diatomaceous earth is treated with alkali, and the alkali treatment conditions are: the diatomaceous earth is mixed with 1M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1H-1.5H, and then washed to neutrality.

[0017] Preferably, in the regulating component, the content of humic acid is 5%-10%, the content of biochar is 3%-9%, and the content of highly absorbent polymer is 1%-3%.

[0018] A method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer, for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) preparing a carrier material by treating bentonite and diatomaceous earth and mixing them;

[0020] (2) mixing the basic fertilizer and the carrier material in proportion;

[0021] (3) Add the regulating components and mix well;

[0022] (4) granulating the obtained mixture;

[0023] (5) The granulated fertilizer particles are coated with multiple layers.

[0024] Preferably, the carrier material in step (1) comprises bentonite and diatomaceous earth, and the mixing ratio of bentonite to diatomaceous earth is 5:5-7:3. During mixing, constant stirring is maintained for 30 min-60 min to ensure uniform distribution.

[0025] Preferably, the granulation process in step (4) is carried out by mechanical granulation, and the particle size of the particles is controlled to be 1 mm-3 mm.

[0026] Preferably, the multi-layer coating process in step (5) comprises:

[0027] First, the granulated particles are immersed in a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3% (w / v)-7% (w / v) for inner layer coating;

[0028] The particles are then immersed in a diatomaceous earth suspension having a concentration of 5% (w / v) to 15% (w / v) for outer coating;

[0029] Finally, low temperature drying is carried out.

[0030] Preferably, the low-temperature drying treatment is controlled at 25°C-80°C.

[0031] The present invention provides a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention uses carrier materials and multi-layer coating technology to achieve accurate slow release of major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in fertilizers. Chitosan and diatomaceous earth are double-layer coated on the surface of fertilizer particles, which can effectively regulate the penetration of water and nutrients, so that the release rate of fertilizer nutrients matches the growth requirements of plants, reduces excessive loss and waste of nutrients, and prolongs the fertilizer effect cycle. This can not only improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, but also reduce the number of fertilizations and reduce labor costs.

[0033] 2. The present invention significantly improves the water retention capacity of fertilizers in the soil by introducing highly absorbent polymers and treated bentonite and diatomite. The porous structure of bentonite and diatomite can store a large amount of water and gradually release it when the soil is dry, while highly absorbent polymers can absorb and store water equivalent to hundreds of times their own weight, greatly enhancing the water retention of the soil. It is particularly suitable for arid areas or sandy soils, helping to reduce the frequency of irrigation and save water resources.

[0034] 3. The present invention controls the release rate of nutrients through multi-layer coating technology, making the fertilizer effect more durable. Especially in the rainy season or under frequent irrigation conditions, traditional fertilizers are prone to fertilizer loss due to excessive water penetration, while the horticultural fertilizer of the present invention can reduce such loss, thereby reducing the amount and waste of fertilizers.

[0035] 4. The fertilizer of the present invention not only provides necessary nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but also further improves the overall growth performance of plants by adding regulating components such as humic acid and biochar. Humic acid can promote the growth and nutrient absorption of plant roots, while biochar can increase the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and enhance the disease resistance of plants. Combining these factors, the growth rate, leaf greenness, and yield of plants are significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 The present invention relates to a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, in particular, by optimizing the combination of basic fertilizers, carrier materials and regulating components, a composite horticultural fertilizer is formed which can provide slow-release nutrients, improve soil structure and enhance fertilizer efficiency, and is suitable for the long-term fertilization needs of a variety of horticultural crops.

[0040] Recipe Design

[0041] The high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer of the present invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

[0042] 40%-60% basic fertilizer;

[0043] 10%-30% carrier material;

[0044] 5%-10% of regulating components.

[0045] Selection and optimization of main ingredients

[0046] (1) Basic fertilizer

[0047] Basic fertilizer is a source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) nutrients necessary for the growth of horticultural crops. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in basic fertilizer is 20-10-10. This ratio ensures that plants get enough nitrogen to promote leaf growth, phosphorus to promote root development, and potassium to improve the plant's resistance to stress during growth. The main form of basic fertilizer is compound fertilizer, and its ratio can be adjusted appropriately according to crop needs, but the commonly used ratio is 20-10-10.

[0048] (2) Carrier material

[0049] The function of the carrier material is to absorb and slowly release the nutrients in the fertilizer, while improving the physical properties of the soil. Carrier materials include bentonite and diatomaceous earth. Bentonite is a natural adsorbent material with a high cation exchange capacity that can absorb and slowly release nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in fertilizers. Diatomaceous earth has a porous structure that can improve the water retention and aeration of fertilizers and reduce soil compaction.

[0050] The weight ratio of bentonite to diatomite is 5:5 to 7:3 to optimize its adsorption and sustained release effects. The bentonite is acid-treated with 1M hydrochloric acid, and the treatment conditions are stirring for 2 to 2.5 hours at 75°C-85°C and then washing to neutral. The diatomite is alkaline-treated with 1M sodium hydroxide solution, and the treatment conditions are stirring for 1 to 1.5 hours and then washing to neutral. This treatment process can further improve the adsorption capacity and sustained release effect of bentonite and diatomite.

[0051] (3) Adjustment components

[0052] The role of the regulating component is to further improve the fertilizer efficiency and soil performance through physical and chemical means. This component includes humic acid, biochar and highly absorbent polymers.

[0053] Humic acid: It is a natural organic matter that can improve soil structure, increase soil water retention and air permeability, and provide slow-release nutrients. The content of humic acid is 5%-10%.

[0054] Biochar: Obtained through pyrolysis of biomass, it has high porosity and can significantly improve the water retention capacity of the soil and increase the activity of soil microorganisms. The addition amount of biochar is 3%-9%.

[0055] Super absorbent polymer: It can store and slowly release water, and is suitable for use in arid areas. It can improve the water retention performance of fertilizers. The addition amount is 1%-3%.

[0056] Preparation method

[0057] (1) Preparation of carrier materials

[0058] The preparation of the carrier material includes the treatment and mixing of bentonite and diatomaceous earth. The bentonite is acid-treated under the following conditions: the bentonite is mixed with a 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 75°C-85°C for 2 hours to 2.5 hours, and then the bentonite is washed to neutral. The diatomaceous earth is alkaline-treated under the following conditions: the diatomaceous earth is mixed with a 1M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1 hour to 1.5 hours, and then washed to neutral. After the treatment is completed, the bentonite and diatomaceous earth are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:5 to 7:3, and the mixing is maintained at a constant stirring speed for 30 minutes to 60 minutes to ensure that the two are evenly distributed to form a composite carrier material.

[0059] (2) Mixing of basic fertilizer and carrier material

[0060] Evenly mix the prepared basic fertilizer and the treated composite carrier material at a ratio of 40%-60% basic fertilizer to 10%-30% carrier material. Use a mechanical stirrer for mixing, and control the stirring time to 30 minutes to 1 hour to ensure that the two are fully mixed.

[0061] (3) Addition of regulating components

[0062] After the basic fertilizer and carrier material are mixed evenly, the regulating components, including humic acid, biochar and super absorbent polymer, are added. The adding ratio of the regulating components is 5%-10% to ensure that the regulating components can effectively regulate the performance of the fertilizer. The stirring time is controlled between 30 minutes and 1 hour to ensure that the components are fully and evenly distributed.

[0063] (4) Granulation

[0064] The mixed basic fertilizer, carrier material and regulating components are mechanically granulated, and the granulator used is a conventional mechanical granulator. The particle size of the granules is controlled to be between 1 mm and 3 mm during the granulation process to ensure the uniformity of the granules and facilitate application. During granulation, a small amount of binder (such as polyvinyl alcohol) can be added to enhance the mechanical strength of the granules and avoid granule breakage during transportation and storage.

[0065] (5) Multi-layer coating

[0066] After granulation, the granules are subjected to multi-layer coating. The coating process includes:

[0067] First, the granulated particles are immersed in a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3% (w / v) to 7% (w / v), and chitosan is used as the inner layer coating material. The function of chitosan is to delay the release of nutrients and protect the basic nutrients of the inner layer.

[0068] Then, the dried particles immersed in the chitosan solution are immersed in a diatomaceous earth suspension with a concentration of 5% (w / v) to 15% (w / v). The diatomaceous earth is used as an outer coating material to further enhance the sustained release effect of the particles.

[0069] After coating, low-temperature drying is performed, and the drying temperature is controlled at 25°C to 80°C, preferably 40°C to 60°C, to ensure the integrity of the coating layer and the physical stability of the fertilizer.

[0070] Effects

[0071] This high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer has the following advantages through reasonable formula design and preparation process:

[0072] Slow-release nutrients: Carrier materials and coating technology make the fertilizer's nutrient release more gradual, extending the fertilizer effect cycle and reducing frequent fertilization.

[0073] Improve soil: Humic acid and biochar effectively improve soil structure, enhance soil water retention and aeration, and are suitable for poor, sandy or heavy clay soils.

[0074] Water-saving effect: The addition of highly absorbent polymers enables fertilizers to provide better water retention in arid or water-scarce areas, reducing irrigation needs.

[0075] Summarize

[0076] The present invention provides a slow-release, efficient and environmentally friendly horticultural fertilizer by rationally selecting basic fertilizers, carrier materials and regulating components and combining multi-layer coating technology. The fertilizer can not only provide continuous nutrients required for crop growth, but also effectively improve the soil environment, increase crop yields, and reduce fertilizer waste. The preparation method is simple and has high practicality and promotion value.

[0077] Example 2: Standard horticultural fertilizer formula and preparation method

[0078] Recipe composition:

[0079] 50% basic fertilizer (NPK ratio 20-10-10)

[0080] 20% carrier material (bentonite and diatomaceous earth, mixed in a 5:5 weight ratio)

[0081] 7% conditioning components (humic acid 5%, biochar 1%, super absorbent polymer 1%)

[0082] Preparation steps:

[0083] Carrier material processing:

[0084] The bentonite was mixed with 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 80°C for 2.5 hours, and washed to neutrality.

[0085] Celite was mixed with 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1.5 hours, and washed until neutral.

[0086] The treated bentonite and diatomaceous earth were mixed in a weight ratio of 5:5 and stirred at a constant speed for 45 minutes to ensure uniform distribution.

[0087] mix:

[0088] Mix the base fertilizer and carrier material in a ratio of 50%:20% and stir for 30 minutes until uniform.

[0089] Add conditioning ingredients:

[0090] Humic acid, biochar and super absorbent polymer were added in proportion and stirred for 1 h to ensure uniform mixing.

[0091] Granulation:

[0092] Through mechanical granulation, the particle size is controlled at 2mm.

[0093] Multi-layer coating:

[0094] The granulated particles were immersed in a 5% (w / v) chitosan solution to coat the inner layer and dried.

[0095] Then, it was immersed in 10% (w / v) diatomaceous earth suspension to coat the outer layer.

[0096] Low temperature drying is carried out, and the temperature is controlled at 50°C.

[0097] Summarize:

[0098] The fertilizer formula in this embodiment can ensure uniform slow release of nutrients and is suitable for daily fertilization of conventional horticultural crops. The combination of bentonite and diatomaceous earth provides good water retention and air permeability. Through the double-layer coating of chitosan and diatomaceous earth, the nutrient release rate is well controlled and the fertilizer effect is prolonged.

[0099] Example 3: High water-retaining horticultural fertilizer formula and preparation method

[0100] Recipe composition:

[0101] 45% basic fertilizer (NPK ratio 15-10-15)

[0102] 25% carrier material (bentonite and diatomaceous earth, mixed in a weight ratio of 7:3)

[0103] 10% conditioning ingredients (humic acid 7%, biochar 2%, super absorbent polymer 1%)

[0104] Preparation steps:

[0105] Carrier material processing:

[0106] The bentonite was mixed with 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 85°C for 2 hours, and washed to neutrality.

[0107] Celite was mixed with 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1 hour, and washed until neutral.

[0108] Bentonite and diatomaceous earth were mixed in a ratio of 7:3 and stirred at a constant speed for 1 hour.

[0109] mix:

[0110] Mix the base fertilizer and carrier material in a ratio of 45%:25% and stir for 45 minutes.

[0111] Add conditioning ingredients:

[0112] Humic acid, biochar and super absorbent polymer were added and stirred for 45 minutes until homogeneous.

[0113] Granulation:

[0114] Through mechanical granulation, the particle size is controlled between 1mm and 2mm.

[0115] Multi-layer coating:

[0116] The granulated particles were immersed in a 6% (w / v) chitosan solution for inner layer coating.

[0117] Then, it was immersed in 5% (w / v) diatomaceous earth suspension for outer coating.

[0118] Low temperature drying, the temperature is controlled at 60℃.

[0119] Summarize:

[0120] The proportion of carrier materials in this formula is high, and the content of bentonite and humic acid is increased, which enhances the water retention capacity of the fertilizer and is suitable for sandy soil or arid areas. The particles are small and coated with multiple layers, which can better extend the use time of the fertilizer in the soil and avoid the rapid loss of nutrients.

[0121] Example 4: Quick-acting horticultural fertilizer formula and preparation method

[0122] Recipe composition:

[0123] 55% basic fertilizer (NPK ratio 25-15-10)

[0124] 15% carrier material (bentonite and diatomaceous earth, mixed in a weight ratio of 6:4)

[0125] 8% conditioning components (humic acid 5%, biochar 2%, super absorbent polymer 1%)

[0126] Preparation steps:

[0127] Carrier material processing:

[0128] The bentonite was mixed with 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 75°C for 2 hours, and washed to neutrality.

[0129] Celite was mixed with 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1.5 hours, and washed until neutral.

[0130] Bentonite and diatomaceous earth were mixed in a ratio of 6:4 and stirred at a constant speed for 45 minutes.

[0131] mix:

[0132] Mix the base fertilizer and carrier material in a ratio of 55%:15% and stir for 30 minutes.

[0133] Add conditioning ingredients:

[0134] Humic acid, biochar and super absorbent polymer were added and stirred for 30 minutes.

[0135] Granulation:

[0136] Mechanical granulation, the particle size is controlled between 1mm and 3mm.

[0137] Multi-layer coating:

[0138] The granulated particles were immersed in 3% (w / v) chitosan solution for inner layer coating.

[0139] Then, it was immersed in 15% (w / v) diatomaceous earth suspension for outer coating.

[0140] Low temperature drying process, the temperature is controlled at 40℃.

[0141] Summarize:

[0142] This formula contains a high proportion of basic fertilizer, which is suitable for horticultural crops that need rapid nutrient replenishment. This fertilizer releases nutrients quickly and is particularly suitable for crops with a short growth period.

[0143] Summary of Examples

[0144] Example 1 provides a standard horticultural fertilizer formula suitable for a wide range of horticultural crops. Through the appropriate proportion of carrier materials and regulating components, good water retention and slow release effects are ensured, which is suitable for conventional soil and climatic conditions.

[0145] Example 2 enhances water retention and soil improvement functions by increasing the proportion of carrier materials, and is suitable for application environments of arid and sandy soils. This formula prolongs the time of nutrient release and effectively improves soil structure.

[0146] Example 3 emphasizes the function of fast-acting fertilizer, which provides the ability of rapid nutrient release and is suitable for fast-growing horticultural crops, especially when a large amount of nutrients need to be supplemented in a short period of time.

[0147] Test experiment and comparative experiment

[0148] Test experiment

[0149] Experimental content: The fertilizers of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 were tested, mainly to detect their water retention, nutrient release rate, and fertilizer utilization rate.

[0150] Experimental parameters:

[0151] Testing time: 60 days

[0152] Measurement parameters: nutrient release rate, water retention, soil improvement effect, plant growth

[0153] Test environment: The greenhouse simulates the garden environment and plants the same horticultural crops

[0154] Experimental data:

[0155] Example Water retention (%) Nutrient release cycle (days) Plant height increase (cm) Root system development Example 2 80 50 45 robust Example 3 90 60 40 Very robust Example 4 70 30 50 robust

[0156] Comparative experiment

[0157] Comparative experiment 1: Comparison of water retention performance between standard fertilizer and fertilizer of the present invention

[0158] The experiment used conventional fertilizers and the fertilizer in Example 3 to compare water retention, and the results are as follows:

[0159] Fertilizer Type Water retention (%) Nutrient release cycle (days) Conventional fertilizer 50 20 Example 3 Fertilizer 90 60

[0160] Comparative experiment 2: Comparative experiment on fertilizer efficiency and application frequency

[0161] The experimental subjects were conventional fertilizers and the fertilizers of Example 2 and Example 4, and the relationship between fertilizer efficiency and application frequency was tested:

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Comparative experiment 3: Comparative experiment on fertilizer efficiency under different soil conditions

[0165] In the experiment, the effects of Example 2 and Example 3 in sandy soil and clay were compared:

[0166] Example Soil Type Water retention (%) Plant height increase (cm) Root system development Example 2 Sandy soil 70 40 robust Example 3 Clay 90 45 Very robust

[0167] Experimental Summary

[0168] Through tests and comparative experiments, the high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer of the present invention has excellent performance in water retention, nutrient release cycle, fertilizer effect durability, etc., and especially performs significantly better than conventional fertilizers under different soil conditions.

[0169] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer, characterized in that: The following components are included in mass percentage: 40%-60% basic fertilizer; 10%-30% carrier material; 5%-10% of regulating components.

2. A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the basic fertilizer is 20-10-10.

3. A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier material comprises bentonite and diatomaceous earth, and the weight ratio of the bentonite to the diatomaceous earth is 5:5-7:

3.

4. A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bentonite is treated with acid, and the acid treatment conditions are: the bentonite is mixed with a 1M hydrochloric acid solution, stirred at 75°C-85°C for 2H-2.5H, and then washed to neutrality; The diatomaceous earth is treated with alkali, and the alkali treatment conditions are: the diatomaceous earth is mixed with 1M sodium hydroxide solution, stirred for 1H-1.5H, and then washed to neutrality.

5. A high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the regulating component, the content of humic acid is 5%-10%, the content of biochar is 3%-9%, and the content of highly absorbent polymer is 1%-3%.

6. A method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer, used for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) preparing a carrier material by treating bentonite and diatomaceous earth and mixing them; (2) mixing the basic fertilizer and the carrier material in proportion; (3) Add regulating components and mix well; (4) granulating the obtained mixture; (5) The granulated fertilizer particles are coated with multiple layers.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The carrier material in step (1) includes bentonite and diatomaceous earth, and the mixing ratio of bentonite to diatomaceous earth is 5:5-7:

3. During mixing, constant stirring is maintained for 30 min-60 min to ensure uniform distribution.

8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The granulation process in step (4) is carried out by mechanical granulation, and the particle size of the particles is controlled to be 1mm-3mm.

9. The method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-layer coating process in step (5) comprises: First, the granulated particles are immersed in a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3% (w / v)-7% (w / v) for inner layer coating; The particles are then immersed in a diatomaceous earth suspension having a concentration of 5% (w / v) to 15% (w / v) for outer coating; Finally, low temperature drying is carried out.

10. The method for preparing a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The low temperature drying process is controlled at 25°C-80°C.

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