Mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mineral fertilizers, the mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer comprises granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder and molasses; the mass fraction of the molasses is 1%-10%. The invention has the advantages that: the integrity of the fertilizer granules can reach 70% or more, the fertilizer granules are easy to disintegrate when encountering water and easy to absorb, and the surfaces of the fertilizer granules cannot be hardened even if the fertilizer granules are stored for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mineral fertilizers, and in particular to a mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer refers to a fertilizer prepared from mineral powder containing medium-element fertilizers that are insoluble in ordinary water. It has the characteristics of long-lasting fertilizer effect and is not easy to be lost or washed away. Common non-water-soluble heavy element fertilizers include granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. In order to facilitate packaging, reduce dust pollution during storage and transportation, and reduce the loss of fugitives during fertilizer application, mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers are usually made into granular fertilizers through a granulation process for use. However, since granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder is a sandy active material with basically no viscosity, it is difficult to granulate. In order to complete the granulation process, additives need to be added to enhance the viscosity of the material and improve the granulation effect. At present, the common additives of mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers either have poor viscosity and poor granulation effect, or cause the fertilizer particles to harden after storage, resulting in the fertilizer not disintegrating after application, and the crop cannot absorb the nutrients of the fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the integrity of the fertilizer particles can reach more than 70%, and the fertilizer particles are easily disintegrated and easily absorbed, and even if stored for a long time, the surface of the fertilizer particles will not become hardened.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer, comprising granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder and molasses; the mass fraction of the molasses is 1%-10%.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes one or more of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium chloride.

[0006] Furthermore, according to the mass percentage, it includes 3%-10% molasses, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0007] Furthermore, according to mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 3%-5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0008] Furthermore, according to the mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 2%-10% potassium chloride, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes 0.05%-0.1% dispersant.

[0010] Furthermore, the dispersant includes one or more of sodium benzenesulfonate and lignocellulose.

[0011] Furthermore, trace elements are also included.

[0012] Furthermore, the particle size of the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder is 100-200 meshes, and the water content is less than 1%.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. Mixing: Add the other ingredients except the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding proportion, and add 5%-7% water of the total powder weight, and stir evenly; S2, extrusion granulation: placing the uniformly mixed materials in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation; S3, screening: screening fertilizer particles that meet the particle size requirements; S4, drying: placing the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying; S5, secondary screening: secondary screening of the dried fertilizer; S6. Packaging.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer of the present invention has a unique formula that makes the material have appropriate viscosity, is easy to granulate, and is not easy to break during drying. The integrity of the fertilizer particles in the entire processing flow can reach more than 70%, and can even reach more than 85%; the fertilizer particles are easy to disintegrate and absorb, and the surface of the fertilizer particles will not become hardened even if stored for a long time.

[0015] The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizers on the market cannot disintegrate after being stored for two weeks. Since the successful test, the earliest samples of the mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizers in the present invention have been stored at room temperature for about a year. Dissolution tests were carried out at intervals during this period, and it was found that they can all disintegrate quickly, with a disintegration rate of 100%. This shows that the mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizers in the present application can be stored for at least one year, and can even be stored for a longer time, and still do not affect the application and absorption of the fertilizer.

[0016] 2. Due to the high integrity of the particles, most materials do not need to be repeatedly hydrated, granulated and dried, which can avoid changes in the performance of the materials during the processing.

[0017] 3. Molasses contains a variety of organic acids, amino acids, trace elements and other ingredients, which promote plant growth and can increase the fertilizer efficiency, nutritional value and utilization rate of fertilizers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described below.

[0019] A mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer, in one embodiment, comprises 3%-10% molasses by mass percentage, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 meshes and a water content of less than 1%.

[0020] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant may be added, and the dispersant may be sodium benzenesulfonate, wood cellulose or other dispersants.

[0021] In another embodiment, trace elements may be added as needed, including but not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0022] A mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer, in one embodiment, includes 1%-5% molasses, 3%-5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder, according to mass percentage. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 meshes and a water content of less than 1%. Adding a certain amount of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate can also play a certain bonding role, and can reduce the amount of molasses added and reduce production costs while ensuring the disintegration effect.

[0023] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant may be added, and the dispersant may be sodium benzenesulfonate, wood cellulose or other dispersants.

[0024] In another embodiment, trace elements may be added as needed, including but not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0025] A mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer, in one embodiment, includes 1%-5% molasses, 2%-10% potassium chloride, and the remainder is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder in terms of mass percentage. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 meshes and a water content of less than 1%. Adding a certain amount of potassium chloride can also play a certain bonding role. On the premise of ensuring the disintegration effect, it can also provide crops with abundant potassium elements and improve the fertility of the fertilizer.

[0026] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant may be added, and the dispersant may be sodium benzenesulfonate, wood cellulose or other dispersants.

[0027] In another embodiment, trace elements may be added as needed, including but not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0028] A method for preparing a mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer, in one embodiment, comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing: Add the other ingredients except the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding proportion, and add 5%-7% of water by weight of the whole powder, and stir evenly; adopt segmented stirring and non-continuous discharging method during mixing, so as to make the stirring more uniform; S2, extrusion granulation: placing the uniformly mixed materials in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation; S3, screening: screening fertilizer particles with a particle size of more than 2mm; S4, drying: placing the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying; S5, secondary screening: secondary screening of the dried fertilizer; S6. Packaging.

[0029] Test 1: Granulation integrity test The applicant conducted several medium-scale trial production tests. In the tests, the components of the mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer were 5% molasses, 3% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1% sodium benzenesulfonate, and the remainder was granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The weight of water added during mixing was 5% of the total weight of the powder. The total feed weight of the material after adding water and stirring was weighed. The size of the granulation pit of the extrusion granulator is 3.8mm. All the fertilizers after extrusion granulation and drying are passed through a 2.0mm sieve, and qualified fertilizer particles (particle size greater than 2.0mm) are screened out for weighing and counting.

[0030] On October 9, 2023, the total weight of the feed was 15.6 tons, the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 13.3 tons, and the particle size of the fertilizer was calculated to be 85.26%; On March 11, 2024, the total weight of the feed is 40 tons, the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles is 37 tons, and the particle size of the fertilizer is calculated to be 92.5%; On August 26, 2024, the total weight of the feed was 33 tons, the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 28.2 tons, and the particle size of the fertilizer was calculated to be 85.45%; On December 3, 2024, the total weight of feed was 45.6 tons, the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 42.7 tons, and the calculated particle size of the fertilizer was 93.64%.

[0031] In addition, thousands of experiments have been conducted, and countless failed solutions have been found. Among them: Scheme 1: 5% sodium silicate, the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder; a small batch test was carried out with the same method as above, the total weight of the feed was 100kg, the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was about 30kg, and the particle size of the fertilizer was calculated to be about 30%; Solution 2: 5% potassium silicate, the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder; a small batch test was conducted using the same method as above, with a total feed weight of 1 ton, and a total weight of qualified fertilizer granules of approximately 0.46 ton. The fertilizer particle size was calculated to be approximately 46%; Solution 3: 20% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder; a small batch test was conducted using the same method as above, with a total feed weight of 200 kg, and a total weight of qualified fertilizer granules of approximately 20 kg. The fertilizer particle size was calculated to be approximately 10%.

[0032] Test 2: Disintegration rate test The fertilizer granule samples produced in small batches at the beginning and the fertilizer granule samples produced in each subsequent trial production are retained and stored at room temperature. The disintegration rate of samples of each production batch is measured regularly. The measurement method is to put the fertilizer granule sample into a beaker filled with water and start timing. Observe the state of sample dissolution. It has been observed that the shorter the storage time of the sample, the faster it dissolves, and it can be completely dissolved in more than ten minutes. The longer the storage time of the sample, the slower the dissolution rate. So far, the sample with the longest storage time has been about 1 year, and it has also reached a state of complete dissolution 2 hours after being put into water. It is fully proved that the mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer of the present invention has the advantages of high granulation integrity and high disintegration rate, and solves the technical problems of difficult granulation and disintegration of sandy materials.

[0033] Experiment 3: Field test Test materials The field experiment was conducted in Wangjiachong Village, Yuwang Office, Huanggang City, Huangzhou District. The experimental site is an agricultural greenhouse with plot coordinates: 30°28'27"N, 114°52'12"E. The soil is yellow-brown loam (soil type) sandy soil (soil type), with a medium soil texture. The soil organic matter is 21.1g / kg, total nitrogen is 1.05g / kg, available phosphorus is 14.3mg / kg, available potassium is 93.5mg / kg, and the pH value is 6.4.

[0034] For the previous crop of Chinese cabbage, apply compound fertilizer [produced by Sinochem Fertilizer Co., Ltd., total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) ≥51%, 17-17-17] 25kg / mu.

[0035] Experimental treatment The crop used in this experiment was Chinese cabbage, and the variety was "Dianmei No. 5". The water-insoluble medium element fertilizer used in the experiment was a fertilizer granule obtained by trial production on October 9, 23; the compound fertilizer used in the experiment [total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) ≥51%, 17-17-17] was produced by Sinofert Co., Ltd.

[0036] There were three treatments in the field experiment. Treatment 1: conventional fertilization + non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer, that is, before sowing Chinese cabbage, 25kg / mu of compound fertilizer + 50kg / mu of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer were applied as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "non-water-soluble medium element treatment"; Treatment 2: conventional fertilization + equal amount of fine sand, that is, before sowing Chinese cabbage, 25kg / mu of compound fertilizer + 50kg / mu of equal amount of fine sand of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer in treatment 1 were applied as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "equal amount of fine sand treatment"; Treatment 3: conventional fertilization, that is, before sowing Chinese cabbage, 25kg / mu of compound fertilizer were applied as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "conventional fertilization treatment".

[0037] The experimental plot area was 15 m2 and was arranged in random blocks with three replicates.

[0038] Field management The field test was conducted on August 26, 2024. The land was prepared and the test plot was set up. Fertilization was carried out according to the test treatment. Chinese cabbage was sown on August 27. Micro-spraying was used for irrigation, and water was sprayed every 1-2 days. Disease and insect control: On September 18, 20g of pyraclostrobin + 20g of mancozeb + 10g of kasugamycin + 5g of chlorfenapyr were used per mu, and 30kg of water was added for spraying. Except for the different fertilization, other field management measures were the same for each treatment of the test. Chinese cabbage was harvested on October 22, 2024.

[0039] Test results 1. Effects of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizers on the biological characteristics of Chinese cabbage The experimental observation results show that in the seedling stage of pakchoi, the pakchoi plants treated with non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers have thick leaves, strong plants and fast growth. The pakchoi were sampled at the harvest time to examine the biological traits. The results are shown in Table 1. The biological traits of pakchoi treated with non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers are better than those of the equal amount of fine sand treatment and conventional fertilization treatment. Compared with the equal amount of fine sand treatment, the pakchoi plant height treated with non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers is 0.5 cm higher, the number of leaves per plant is 0.4 more, and the fresh weight per plant is 9.7 grams; compared with the conventional treatment, the pakchoi plant height treated with non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers is 0.6 cm higher, the number of leaves per plant is 0.6 more, and the fresh weight per plant is 11.6 grams. This shows that non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers have a good effect on the biological traits of pakchoi.

[0040] Table 1 Examination table of biological characteristics of Chinese cabbage deal with Plant height (cm) Number of leaves per plant Fresh weight per plant (g) Leaf Color Non-water soluble medium element fertilizer 17.0 12.6 163.8 Dark Green Equal amount of fine sand 16.5 12.2 154.1 green Conventional fertilization 16.4 12.0 152.2 green 2. The yield-increasing effect of using non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers on Chinese cabbage The statistical results of the actual yield of Chinese cabbage in the experimental plot are shown in Table 2. The results show that among the three treatments, the Chinese cabbage yield in the treatment with non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizers was higher, with an increase of 97.8kg / mu and 115.6kg / mu respectively compared with the treatment with equal amount of fine sand and conventional fertilization, with an increase rate of 6.3% and 7.5% respectively.

[0041] The actual yield of Chinese cabbage in the experimental plot was analyzed by variance analysis. The results are shown in Table 3. There was no significant difference between the groups, and the variance between the treatments reached an extremely significant level.

[0042] The new multiple range (SSR) test was conducted on the actual yield of Chinese cabbage in the experimental plot. The results are shown in Table 4. The yield differences between the treatment of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer and the treatment of equal amount of fine sand and conventional fertilization were extremely significant, and the yield difference between the treatment of equal amount of fine sand and conventional fertilization was not significant. This shows that the application of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer on Chinese cabbage has a good yield-increasing effect.

[0043] Table 2 Actual yield of Chinese cabbage in the experimental plot deal with Repeat Ⅰ (kg) Repeat II (kg) Repeat III (kg) Average (kg) Equivalent yield per mu (kg) Increase or decrease compared with the same amount of fine sand (%) Increase or decrease compared with conventional fertilization (%) Non-water soluble medium element fertilizer 37.6 36.7 37.1 37.1 1649.0 +6.3A +7.5A Equal amount of fine sand 35.5 34.9 34.4 34.9 1551.2 — +1.2 Conventional fertilization 34.5 34.0 34.9 34.5 1533.4 -1.1 — Table 3 Analysis of variance of Chinese cabbage yield in the experimental plot Sources of variation DF SS MS F F0.05 F0.01 Between blocks 2 0.68 0.34 1.81 6.94 18.00 Processing room 2 12.17 6.08 32.69 6.94 18.00 error 4 0.74 0.19 Total variation 8 13.59 Table 4 New multiple range test (SSR method) of Chinese cabbage yield in the experimental plot deal with Non-water soluble medium element fertilizer Equal amount of fine sand Conventional fertilization Average yield per plot 37.1 34.9 34.5 5% significant difference a b b 1% significant difference A B B The results of field tests show that even fertilizers produced on October 9, 2023, applied on August 26, 2024, and stored for more than 10 months can still be decomposed after application and have a good yield-increasing effect.

[0044] Working principle of the present invention: The mineral-derived non-water-soluble medium-element fertilizer of the present invention has a unique formula that makes the material have appropriate viscosity, is easy to granulate, and is not easy to break during drying. The integrity of the fertilizer particles in the entire processing flow can reach more than 70%; the disintegration rate of the fertilizer particles after entering water reaches 100%, which is easy to absorb, and will not cause the surface of the fertilizer particles to become hardened even if stored for a long time. Due to the high integrity of the particles, most materials do not need to be repeatedly watered, granulated, and dried, which can avoid changes in the performance of the materials during the processing. In addition, molasses contains a variety of organic acids, amino acids, trace elements and other ingredients, which have a promoting effect on plant growth and can increase the fertilizer efficiency, nutritional value and utilization rate of the fertilizer.

[0045] The principle is: the added molasses plays multiple roles as a binder, dispersant and disintegrant. Molasses has a certain viscosity and can block the hydration reaction during the processing, thereby improving the granulation effect and the hardness and wear resistance of the fertilizer particles; and can produce a chelating reaction with the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to make nutrients easier to absorb; molasses can dissolve quickly in water, so that the fertilizer can disintegrate quickly and be easily absorbed by crops.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder and molasses; the mass fraction of the molasses is 1%-10%.

2. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes one or more of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium chloride.

3. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the mass percentage, it includes 3%-10% molasses, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

4. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 3%-5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

5. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 2%-10% potassium chloride, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

6. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes 0.05%-0.1% dispersant.

7. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dispersant includes one or more of sodium benzene sulfonate and lignocellulose.

8. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes trace elements.

9. The mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The granular electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 meshes and a water content of less than 1%.

10. A method for preparing the mineral-derived water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Mixing: Add the other ingredients except the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding proportion, and add 5%-7% water of the total powder weight, and stir evenly; S2, extrusion granulation: placing the uniformly mixed materials in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation; S3, screening: screening fertilizer particles that meet the particle size requirements; S4, drying: placing the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying; S5, secondary screening: secondary screening of the dried fertilizer; S6. Packaging.