Method for cultivating carya illinoensis

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating carya illinoensis, which comprises the following steps of: before germination of a walnut tree, applying a base fertilizer into soil around the walnut tree by adopting a radial furrow method, and irrigating the root of the walnut tree; when the walnut tree sprouts, applying a compound fertilizer by adopting an annular furrow application method; applying the special controlled-release fertilizer for walnuts to the walnut trees once by adopting a radial furrow method from a flowering period to a growth mature period of the walnut trees. According to the method, the walnut trees are reasonably fertilized in each growth stage of the walnut trees through a radial strip ditch method and an annular ditch application method, the utilization rate of the soil for fertilization in different stages is improved, the situation that nutrients cannot be completely absorbed in a short time is avoided, and a large amount of nutrients are accumulated in the soil or permeate into the ground or fixed in the soil; the carya illinoensis tree body is poor in growth, and the yield of the carya illinoensis is influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of walnut planting, and particularly relates to a thin-shell pecan cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] The name of the thin-shelled pecan is the American pecan. The trunk is straight, the crown is nearly broad and oval, the root system is well-developed, and it is resistant to water and humidity. It can be planted alone or in groups by the lake or on lawns. It is suitable for garden shade trees and roadside trees. It is also suitable for greening and afforestation along rivers and plains. It is a good urban and rural greening tree species and a fruit tree species. The kernel is edible and delicious. The oil content of the seed kernel is more than 70%, which can be used to extract oil. As a result, it is widely planted.

[0003] However, the yield of thin-shelled pecans is related to the income of growers. Therefore, in order to increase the yield of thin-shelled pecans, most growers will apply inorganic compound fertilizers after the walnuts sprout in spring to increase the nutrient supply of walnuts in the soil, thereby increasing the germination of new branches of thin-shelled pecans, increasing the fruit setting rate and promoting the increase of fruit size and weight. This cultivation method can increase the yield of thin-shelled pecans in the short term, but when applied for a long time, due to the large amount of inorganic fertilizers applied, a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer will not be absorbed and utilized by the walnut trees, but will be temporarily stored in the soil. Especially when the walnut trees enter the fruit expansion period, irrigation water is required, and frequent irrigation will not only cause walnut tree diseases due to excessive stickiness and wetness of the soil, but also destroy the aggregate structure in the soil, reduce large pores, and deteriorate soil permeability, but also increase the soil salt content, causing soil salinization and compaction, resulting in poor growth of thin-shelled pecan trees. This will affect the yield of thin-shelled pecans.

[0004] In order to improve the soil structure and increase the yield of thin-shell pecans, forestry technicians optimized the cultivation methods that affect the growth of thin-shell pecan trees in the designated thin-shell pecan test field. After long-term experimental research, technicians found that applying organic fertilizers can improve soil structure and improve the aggregate structure in the soil, but the fertilizer effect of organic fertilizers is short and cannot provide nutrients to the soil for a long time, so it will also affect the quality of walnuts. Although applying organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers to the soil can overcome the disadvantages of applying inorganic fertilizers or organic fertilizers alone, inorganic fertilizers will quickly dissolve in the water contained in the soil and release inorganic fertilizers quickly, resulting in excessive nutrients in the soil. Walnut trees cannot fully absorb them in a short period of time, affecting walnut yields, and a large amount of nutrients accumulate in the soil, then seep into the ground or are fixed by the soil, resulting in poor growth of thin-shell pecan trees, which in turn affects the yield of thin-shell pecans.

[0005] Therefore, how to increase walnut yield by applying fertilizers reasonably and avoiding instantaneous release of fertilizers in the soil is a key point that needs to be studied. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a thin-shell pecan cultivation method. The method rationally fertilizes walnut trees at various growth stages of the walnut trees through a radial strip ditch method and a ring ditch application method, thereby improving the utilization rate of soil for fertilization at different stages, and avoiding the problem that nutrients cannot be completely absorbed in a short period of time, so that a large amount of nutrients are accumulated in the soil or infiltrated into the ground or fixed by the soil, resulting in poor growth of thin-shell pecan trees, and further affecting the yield of thin-shell pecans.

[0007] The present invention provides a thin-shell pecan cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Before the walnut tree sprouts, apply the base fertilizer to the soil around the walnut tree using the radial strip method and water the roots of the walnut tree;

[0009] When walnut trees are budding, compound fertilizer is applied using the ring-ditch method;

[0010] From the flowering stage to the growth maturity stage of walnut trees, walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer is applied once to the trees using the radial strip method.

[0011] Preferably, the steps of applying the basal fertilizer into the soil using the radial strip method are: using the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center to radially dig 6 to 10 first strips of trenches outward, and then applying the basal fertilizer into the 6 to 10 excavated first radial strips of trenches, and covering with soil and filling and then irrigating.

[0012] Preferably, the steps of applying the walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer into the soil using the radial strip trench method are: taking the crown projection as the outer edge and radially digging 6 to 10 second strip trenches outward from the trunk as the center, each second strip trench is located between two adjacent first strip trenches, and then applying the walnut-specific fertilizer into the 6 to 10 excavated second strip trenches, and covering and burying them with soil.

[0013] Preferably, the depths of every two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves and second strip-shaped grooves are different, which are used for shallow and deep application of basal fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the controlled-release fertilizer for walnuts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 1 to 3 parts of EM bacteria and 40 to 60 parts of controlled-release fertilizer. The nutrient release period of the controlled-release fertilizer is 4 months and 6 months, and the amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 1.5 kg to 3.0 kg.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the controlled-release fertilizer is: (18-22): (6-10): (18-22).

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 4 months and the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 6 months is (1-1.5):1.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 25:8:12, and the amount of compound fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 1kg to 2kg.

[0018] Preferably, the base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of straw, 30 to 40 parts of rice husk, and 5 to 10 parts of dry food residues, and the amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 5 kg to 10 kg.

[0019] Preferably, the walnut trees are sprayed with biogas slurry at intervals of 3 to 4 weeks during the flowering period, fruit setting period and fruit expansion period, wherein the organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥ 60%, and the biogas slurry is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry with water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the application amount of foliar fertilizer is 1 kg / mu to 5 kg / mu.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The thin-shell pecan cultivation method provided by the present invention can reasonably fertilize the walnut tree according to each growth stage of the walnut tree. By fertilizing in a targeted manner, the utilization rate of fertilizer by the walnut tree is improved. It is avoided that a large amount of inorganic fertilizer is applied, resulting in a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the inorganic fertilizer not being absorbed and utilized by the walnut tree, but being temporarily stored in the soil, causing soil salinization and compaction, resulting in the problem of unbalanced soil nutrient supply.

[0022] First of all, radial strip fertilization before the walnut trees sprout helps to distribute the base fertilizer more evenly in the growth area of ​​the tree roots, which is beneficial to the uniform absorption of nutrients by the roots. In particular, the rich organic matter in the base fertilizer can provide a good fertility environment for the soil and promote the healthy growth of the root system. Through radial strip fertilization, the base fertilizer can better penetrate into the deep soil layer, fundamentally improving the soil's permeability, water retention, and fertilizer retention, and promoting the activity of soil microorganisms, thereby improving soil fertility and laying a foundation for the growth of walnut tree roots.

[0023] In addition, the use of the annular ditch method to apply compound fertilizer during the budding period of walnut trees can prevent the fertilizer from directly contacting the root system, reduce the stimulation of high-concentration fertilizers on the root system, and reduce the occurrence of "root burn". After the compound fertilizer is applied into the ditch, the concentration of the fertilizer is relatively uniform, avoiding root damage caused by uneven or excessive fertilizer application.

[0024] From the flowering period to the growth and maturity period of the walnut trees, the radial strip trench method is used to apply walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer to the walnut trees once again. The depth and width of the fertilizer application are evenly distributed, which can effectively prevent the excessive concentration of nutrients in a small area and avoid problems such as local root burns or fertilizer damage. Through reasonable fertilization, the root system is promoted to grow evenly and the balanced supply of nutrients is ensured. At the same time, inorganic fertilizers can be continuously released from the flowering period to the maturity period of the walnut, avoiding the problem of excessive fertilizers in a short period of time, so that the walnut-specific fertilizer is accurately used by the fruit trees, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved.

[0025] 2. The thin-shell pecan cultivation method provided by the present invention has a water-retaining effect in which the EM bacteria and the water-retaining agent in the special fertilizer for walnuts are combined. At the same time, the EM bacteria contain a variety of microorganisms, which can repair the compacted soil, improve the aggregate structure in the soil, and improve the regional ecological environment from both the microscopic and macroscopic states; the EM bacteria and the water-retaining agent effectively regulate the controlled-release fertilizer to continuously release nutrients, avoiding the problem of excessive nutrients in the soil caused by the rapid release of nutrients. The EM bacteria and the water-retaining agent effectively regulate the controlled-release fertilizer to continuously release nutrients, which can continuously supply the growth of walnut trees, facilitate the growth of plants, and increase the yield of walnuts.

[0026] 3. The thin-shell pecan cultivation method provided by the present invention not only increases the yield of walnut trees, but also reduces the probability of occurrence of diseases and insect pests of walnut trees, ensures the healthy growth of walnut trees, and lays a foundation for ensuring the yield of walnuts by spraying biogas slurry during the flowering period, fruit setting period and fruit expansion period of walnut trees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a graph of water absorption rate of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 7.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a water release rate diagram of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0031] The EM bacterial powder used in the description of the present invention was purchased from Jinan Juyi Trading Co., Ltd., and the effective live bacteria count was ≥ 10 billion per gram.

[0032] The super absorbent resin SAP used in the description of the present invention is purchased from Shanghai Microspectra Testing Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A thin-shell pecan cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0035] Before the walnut trees sprout, basal fertilizer consisting of 40 parts of straw, 30 parts of rice husks, and 5 parts of dry food residues are applied to the soil around the walnut trees using the radial strip trench method, with an application amount of 5 kg for each walnut tree, and the walnut trees are watered; the steps for applying the basal fertilizer into the soil are: with the crown projection as the outer edge, 6 first strip trenches are excavated radially outward with the trunk as the center, and then the basal fertilizer is applied to the 6 excavated first strip trenches, and then covered with soil and filled and watered.

[0036] When the walnut trees are budding, compound fertilizer is applied using the ring ditch method. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 1 kg, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio in the compound fertilizer is 25:8:12;

[0037] Walnut trees should be fertilized with walnut fertilizer once from the flowering stage to the growth and maturity stage, and foliar fertilizer biogas slurry should be sprayed on the walnut leaves every 4 weeks during the flowering stage, fruit setting stage and fruit expansion stage. The biogas slurry is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry with water in a volume ratio of 1:1. The application amount of biogas slurry is 2kg / mu, and the organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥60%;

[0038] The walnut-specific fertilizer is applied into the soil by a radial strip-shaped ditch method. The walnut-specific fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 1 part of EM bacteria, and 40 parts of controlled-release fertilizer. The nutrient release period of the controlled-release fertilizer is 4 months and 6 months. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 1.5 kg. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the controlled-release fertilizer is 22:10:22. The mass ratio of the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 4 months and a nutrient release period of 6 months is 1:1.

[0039] The steps for applying walnut-specific fertilizer into the soil are: using the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center to radially dig 6 second grooves outward, each second groove is located between two adjacent first grooves, and then applying inorganic fertilizer into the 6 excavated second grooves and covering them with soil.

[0040] The depths of every two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves and every two adjacent second strip-shaped grooves are different, and are used for shallow and deep application of base fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific fertilizer.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A thin-shell pecan cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0043] Before the walnut trees sprout, basal fertilizer consisting of 50 parts of straw, 40 parts of rice husks and 8 parts of dry food residues are applied into the soil around the walnut trees using the radial strip-ditch method. The fertilizer amount for each walnut tree is 8 kg, and the walnut trees are watered. The steps of applying the basal fertilizer into the soil are as follows: with the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center, 6 first strip-shaped trenches are excavated radially outward, and then the basal fertilizer is applied into the 6 excavated first strip-shaped trenches, and then covered with soil and watered.

[0044] When the walnut trees are budding, compound fertilizer is applied by ring ditch method. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 2kg, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 25:8:12;

[0045] Walnut trees should be fertilized once with special fertilizers from the flowering stage to the growing and maturing stage. During the flowering stage, fruit setting stage and fruit expansion stage, walnut leaves should be sprayed with biogas slurry at intervals of 4 weeks. The biogas slurry is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry with water in a volume ratio of 1:1. The amount of biogas slurry applied is 3kg / mu, and the organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥60%;

[0046] The walnut-specific fertilizer is applied into the soil by a radial strip-shaped ditch method. The walnut-specific fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 2 parts of EM bacteria, and 50 parts of controlled-release fertilizer. The nutrient release period of the controlled-release fertilizer is 4 months and 6 months. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 2.0 kg. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the controlled-release fertilizer is 22:10:22. The mass ratio of the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 4 months and a nutrient release period of 6 months is 1:1.

[0047] The steps of applying walnut-specific fertilizer into the soil are: with the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center, 6 second grooves are excavated radially outward, each second groove is located between two adjacent first grooves, and then inorganic fertilizer is applied into the 6 excavated second grooves and covered with soil.

[0048] The depths of every two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves and every two adjacent second strip-shaped grooves are different, and are used for shallow and deep application of base fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific fertilizer.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A thin-shell pecan cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0051] Before the walnut trees germinate, basal fertilizer consisting of 60 parts of straw, 40 parts of rice husks and 10 parts of dry food residues are applied to the soil around the walnut trees using the radial strip-ditch method. The fertilizer amount for each walnut tree is 10 kg, and the walnut trees are watered. The steps for applying the basal fertilizer into the soil are as follows: with the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center, 6 first strip-shaped trenches are excavated radially outward, and then the basal fertilizer is applied to the 6 excavated first strip-shaped trenches, and then the soil is filled and watered.

[0052] When the walnut trees are budding, compound fertilizer is applied by ring ditch method. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 2kg, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 25:8:12;

[0053] Walnut trees should be fertilized once with special fertilizers from the flowering stage to the growing and maturing stage. During the flowering stage, fruit setting stage and fruit expansion stage, walnut leaves should be sprayed with biogas slurry at intervals of 4 weeks. The biogas slurry is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry with water in a volume ratio of 1:1. The amount of biogas slurry applied is 5kg / mu, and the organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥60%;

[0054] The walnut-specific fertilizer is applied into the soil by a radioactive furrow method. The walnut-specific fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 3 parts of EM bacteria, and 60 parts of controlled-release fertilizer. The nutrient release period of the controlled-release fertilizer is 4 months and 6 months. The amount of fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 3.0 kg. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the controlled-release fertilizer is 22:10:22. The mass ratio of the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 4 months and a nutrient release period of 6 months is 1:1.

[0055] The steps of applying walnut-specific fertilizer into the soil are: with the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center, 6 second grooves are excavated radially outward, each second groove is located between two adjacent first grooves, and then inorganic fertilizer is applied into the 6 excavated second grooves and covered with soil.

[0056] The depths of every two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves and every two adjacent second strip-shaped grooves are different, and are used for shallow and deep application of base fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific fertilizer.

[0057] Among them, the foliar fertilizer is biogas slurry, which is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry and water in a volume ratio of 1:1. The application amount of biogas slurry is 30kg / mu. Walnut trees are sprayed with biogas slurry at intervals of 4 weeks during the flowering period, fruit setting period and fruit swelling period. The organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥60%.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, the difference between Control Example 1 and Example 3 is that the special fertilizer for walnuts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP and 60 parts of controlled-release fertilizer.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, the difference between Control Example 2 and Example 3 is that the special fertilizer for walnuts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 3 parts of EM bacteria, and 60 parts of compound fertilizer.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, the difference between Control Example 3 and Example 3 is that the special fertilizer for walnuts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP and 60 parts of compound fertilizer.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, the difference between Control Example 4 and Example 3 is that the base fertilizer and the special fertilizer for walnuts are applied using an annular ditch.

[0066] Comparative Example 5

[0067] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, different fertilizers are not applied at different stages of the growth of the walnut trees, and compound fertilizers are applied at all stages.

[0068] Comparative Example 6

[0069] Compared with the above-mentioned Example 3, different fertilizers are not applied at different stages of the growth of the walnut trees, and a mixed fertilizer of compound fertilizer and base fertilizer is applied at all stages.

[0070] Comparative Example 7

[0071] Compared with the above-mentioned embodiment 3, biogas slurry is not sprayed at intervals of 4 weeks during the flowering period, fruit setting period and fruit expansion period of the walnut trees.

[0072] Walnut tree planting test verification

[0073] The walnut tree field trial was conducted in a pecan orchard in Shanghe Village, Chenyuan Street Office, Shangzhou District, Shangluo City. The row spacing of walnut trees was 5m*6m, and the walnut tree variety used was thin-shelled pecan tree.

[0074] The experiment was conducted from March 2022 to March 2024. Three trees formed an experimental group. The age and growth status of each thin-shelled pecan tree were consistent. Then, each thin-shelled pecan tree in different experimental groups was fertilized by the fertilization methods given in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, respectively, so as to obtain the number of thin-shelled pecan fruits in each experimental group, the content of macroaggregate composition in the soil of each thin-shelled pecan, and the water retention capacity of the soil of each thin-shelled pecan, and the growth status of each walnut tree. The macroaggregate composition content in the soil of thin-shelled pecan was determined by LY / T1227-1999 (Determination of macroaggregate composition of forest soil). The water retention capacity of the thin-shelled pecan soil was determined according to the 4.1.2 method of "Jilin. Experimental study on soil improvement of arid mining areas by water retaining agent [D]. China University of Mining and Technology, 2014.", and the water retention effect of the mountain soil conditioner was evaluated.

[0075] (1) Water retention analysis

[0076] Analysis of water retention of walnut tree soil. Since water retaining agents have the ability to repeatedly absorb and release water, 10 soils from Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were analyzed to obtain soils with slow water release capacity, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are obvious differences in the water absorption rates of Examples 1 to 3 and Control Examples 1 to 7. This is because the contents of the water retaining agents in different Examples and Control Examples are different. The lower the content of the water retaining agent, the lower the water absorption rate. This shows that the water retaining agent still plays a vital role in water absorption, while EM bacteria can only play an auxiliary and synergistic role.

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, there are differences in the water release rates of Examples 1 to 3 and Control Examples 1 to 7. Compared with Control Examples 1 and 3 which only use water retaining agents, the water release rates of the other groups are lower. This is also because the water retaining agent and EM bacteria coordinate with each other, and EM bacteria play an auxiliary role in the water release of the water retaining agent.

[0078] Therefore, walnut trees do not need frequent irrigation during the flowering period to the growth and maturity period. Frequent irrigation will cause the soil to be too sticky and too wet, causing walnut tree diseases, destroying the aggregate structure in the soil, reducing large pores, and deteriorating soil permeability, which will increase the soil salt content and cause soil salinization and compaction problems.

[0079] (2) Analysis of macroaggregate components in pecan soil

[0080] Table 1 Macroaggregate content in soil of Carya serrata

[0081]

[0082] As can be seen from Table 1 above, in Examples 1 to 3, Control Example 2, and Control Example 4 to Control Example 7, since the applied walnut-specific fertilizer contains EM bacterial agent, it is possible to repair compacted soil, improve the aggregate structure in the soil, and improve the regional ecological environment both at the microscopic and macroscopic levels.

[0083] (3) Number of fruits and growth status of thin-shelled pecan

[0084] Table 2 Number of fruits and growth status of thin-shelled pecan

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from Table 2 above, the number of walnut fruits in Examples 1 to 3 is much higher than that in Comparative Examples 1 to 7. This is because the fertilizer is applied radially. The fertilizer can be radiated radially around the crown of the walnut tree with the trunk as the center, and is absorbed by the roots of the walnut tree, thereby reducing the excessive concentration of local fertilizers, solving the problem that the walnut tree cannot be fully absorbed in a short period of time, affecting the yield of walnuts, so that a large amount of nutrients are accumulated in the soil, infiltrated into the ground or fixed in the soil. In addition, the walnut-specific fertilizer uses a controlled-release fertilizer, and the controlled-release fertilizer is a fertilizer coated with a polymer. The micropores on the membrane are usually only a few hundred nanometers, and liquid water cannot pass through the membrane at all, and can only enter the membrane in the form of water molecules. Therefore, except that water molecules can freely enter and exit the membrane, the fertilizer particles are completely isolated from the outside, and the nutrients are excluded from the membrane by the osmotic pressure of the membrane. Therefore, the release speed of nutrients is only related to the movement speed of water molecules and the pores of the membrane micropores. So the utilization rate of fertilizers is improved. Therefore, the number of fruits in Examples 1 to 3 is large, while the number of fruits in Control Examples 1 to 7 is small. In addition, since nutrients are gradually released, the soil will not become hardened, so the branches and leaves are lush. In Control Example 2, the presence of EM bacteria can improve the soil, so the walnut trees have lush branches and leaves. In Control Example 4, the only difference is the way of applying fertilizer. Although the annular ditch application can solve the problem of high local fertilizer concentration to a certain extent, the depths of two adjacent first radial grooves and every two adjacent second radial grooves are not different, which are used for shallow and deep application of base fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific fertilizer. Therefore, nutrients will not be continuously released from the shallow soil layer to the deep soil layer, so the sustainability of nutrient release is not good, thus affecting the number of fruits.

[0087] When ordinary fertilizers are applied to the soil, the nutrients are excessive due to the rapid release in the early stage, and the plants cannot fully absorb them in a short period of time, causing a large amount of nutrients to accumulate in the soil, which are easily volatilized, lost in rain, seeped into the ground or fixed in the soil, causing soil compaction. The small number of fruits and sparse branches and leaves in Control Examples 1, 3, and 5-6 are caused by this reason, while the sparse branches and leaves in Control Example 7 are caused by the lack of spraying of biogas slurry. Because by spraying biogas slurry fertilizer during the flowering period, fruit setting period, and fruit expansion period of walnut trees, not only the yield of walnut trees is increased, but also the probability of insect pests in walnut trees is reduced, ensuring the healthy growth of walnut trees, which can lay a foundation for ensuring the yield of walnuts.

[0088] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0089] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they are also intended to be included.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating thin-shelled pecans, characterized in that: The steps include: Before the walnut tree sprouts, apply the base fertilizer to the soil around the walnut tree using the radial strip method and water the roots of the walnut tree; When walnut trees are budding, compound fertilizer is applied using the ring-ditch method; From the flowering stage to the growth maturity stage of walnut trees, walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer is applied once to the trees using the radial strip method.

2. A thin-shell pecan cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of applying the base fertilizer into the soil using the radial strip method are: using the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center to radially dig 6 to 10 first strips of trenches outward, then applying the base fertilizer into the 6 to 10 excavated first radial strips of trenches, covering with soil and filling, and then irrigating.

3. A thin-shell pecan cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of applying the walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer into the soil using the radial strip-ditch method are as follows: taking the crown projection as the outer edge and the trunk as the center, 6 to 10 second strip-shaped grooves are radially excavated outward, each second strip-shaped groove is located between two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves, and then the walnut-specific fertilizer is applied into the 6 to 10 excavated second strip-shaped grooves, and then covered with soil.

4. A thin-shell pecan cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The depths of every two adjacent first strip-shaped grooves and second strip-shaped grooves are different, and are used for shallow and deep application of base fertilizer and shallow and deep application of walnut-specific controlled-release fertilizer.

5. The method for cultivating thin-shelled pecan nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled-release fertilizer for walnut is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of polymer water-absorbing material SAP, 1 to 3 parts of EM bacteria and 40 to 60 parts of controlled-release fertilizer. The nutrient release period of the controlled-release fertilizer is 4 months and 6 months, and the fertilizer amount for each walnut tree is 1.5 kg to 3.0 kg.

6. A thin-shell pecan cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the controlled-release fertilizer is: (18-22): (6-10): (18-22).

7. A thin-shell pecan cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 4 months and the controlled-release fertilizer with a nutrient release period of 6 months is (1-1.5):

1.

8. The method for cultivating thin-shelled pecan nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio of the compound fertilizer is 25:8:12, and the amount of compound fertilizer applied to each walnut tree is 1kg to 2kg.

9. The method for cultivating thin-shelled pecan nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of straw, 30 to 40 parts of rice husk, and 5 to 10 parts of dry food residues, and the fertilizer amount for each walnut tree is 5 kg to 10 kg.

10. The method for cultivating thin-shelled pecan nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walnut trees are sprayed with biogas slurry at intervals of 3 to 4 weeks during the flowering period, fruit setting period and fruit expansion period, wherein the organic matter content of the biogas slurry is ≥ 60%, and the biogas slurry is obtained by diluting aged biogas slurry with water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the application amount of foliar fertilizer is 1kg / mu to 5kg / mu.

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