Soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device and method

Abstract

The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device comprises a mounting plate, a soft plasma arc welding gun, a laser welding gun head and an MIG welding gun are sequentially mounted on the mounting plate, and the soft plasma arc welding gun and the MIG welding gun can be horizontally, vertically and rotationally adjusted on the mounting plate; the soft plasma arc welding gun forms an upper end shielding gas channel, the upper end of the upper end shielding gas channel is connected with a shielding gas pipe connector, a lower end shielding gas channel, an annular shielding gas cavity and a round hole are formed in the gas nozzle, and the round hole vertically penetrates through the interior of the annular shielding gas cavity to the exterior of the gas nozzle. Compared with the prior art, through the synergistic effect of the soft plasma arc welding gun, the laser welding gun head and the MIG welding gun, the welding penetration depth is increased, the welding speed is increased, the occurrence of welding defects is reduced, and the welding quality is improved. And the welding quality and the welding efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to a soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] Welding is a technique for joining two or more metal parts together by applying heat or pressure or both to achieve metallurgical bonding between the materials. Common welding methods include brazing, resistance welding, fusion welding, etc., among which fusion welding has the widest application range. Common fusion welding methods include arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, etc.

[0003] Arc welding achieves welding by generating an arc between two charged electrodes. Arc welding equipment is relatively cheap and has low maintenance costs. However, arc welding, such as TIG welding, has low arc energy density and low arc stiffness, which is not suitable for high-speed welding.

[0004] Laser welding uses a high-energy laser beam as a heat source for welding. Laser welding has extremely high precision, is very suitable for complex parts and assemblies, and has a fast welding speed, but the conversion efficiency of laser welding is generally low, usually less than 10%, which means that a lot of energy is wasted during the welding process.

[0005] Plasma arc welding uses plasma arc as a heat source for welding. Plasma arc welding has the characteristics of high energy density and strong arc directionality. It can weld 8-10mm thick stainless steel plates at one time without beveling or adding filler wire. However, plasma arc welding requires an extremely high arc stiffness to obtain a large welding penetration. When the welding current is large and perforation welding is not achieved, defects such as pores, voids, and unfused metals are very likely to occur.

[0006] With the development of welding technology, in order to overcome the limitations of single welding technology, more and more composite welding technologies are used, such as laser-MIG composite welding. However, the above composite welding has the following problems: First, the metal sheet has a high reflection of the laser, which leads to too low laser absorption rate, thus affecting the welding penetration; second, during the welding process, because the welding molten pool is deep and narrow, the welding speed is fast, and the molten pool cools down quickly, resulting in the gas in the molten pool not having time to overflow, which eventually leads to the formation of pores at the weld.

[0007] Based on the above problems, a soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method are designed, which can increase welding penetration, improve welding speed, reduce the amount of filling metal, and achieve improved welding quality and efficiency as well as reduced welding costs. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device and method, which can increase welding penetration, improve welding speed, reduce the amount of filling metal, and achieve improved welding quality and efficiency as well as reduced welding costs.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device, comprising a mounting plate, a laser welding gun head is installed in the middle of the mounting plate; a soft plasma arc welding gun and a MIG welding gun are respectively installed on both sides of the mounting plate, and the soft plasma arc welding gun and the MIG welding gun can be adjusted horizontally, vertically and rotationally on the mounting plate; the soft plasma arc welding gun comprises a conductor and a gas nozzle, an upper shielding gas passage is formed inside the conductor, and a shielding gas pipe joint is connected to the upper end of the upper shielding gas passage, a lower shielding gas passage, an annular shielding gas cavity and a circular hole circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the annular shielding gas cavity are formed inside the gas nozzle, the circular hole vertically penetrates from the inside of the annular shielding gas cavity to the outside of the gas nozzle, and the shielding gas enters the upper shielding gas passage, the lower shielding gas passage, and the annular shielding gas cavity in turn through the shielding gas pipe joint and is discharged from the circular hole.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, an upper cooling water passage is formed inside the conductor, one end of the upper cooling water passage is connected to the first water-cooling cable connector, and the other end of the upper cooling water passage is connected to the second water-cooling cable connector; a lower cooling water passage that passes through the upper cooling water passage is formed inside the air nozzle, and an annular cooling water cavity is provided at the bottom of the lower cooling water passage, and the cooling water enters the upper cooling water passage, the lower cooling water passage, and the annular cooling water cavity through the first water-cooling cable connector and is discharged through the second water-cooling cable connector.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soft plasma arc welding gun includes a tungsten electrode, a tungsten electrode clip is disposed on the outer sleeve of the tungsten electrode, a conductor is disposed on the upper end of the tungsten electrode clip, an upper compressed gas passage is formed between the tungsten electrode clip and the conductor, and the upper end of the upper compressed gas passage is connected to a compressed gas pipe joint; a tungsten electrode jacket and a gas nozzle are sequentially disposed on the lower end of the tungsten electrode clip from the inside to the outside, a through hole is circumferentially disposed at the lower end of the tungsten electrode jacket and transversely penetrates the tungsten electrode jacket, a lower compressed gas passage is formed between the tungsten electrode jacket and the tungsten electrode clip, and compressed gas enters the upper compressed gas passage and the lower compressed gas passage through the compressed gas pipe joint and is discharged from the through hole.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soft plasma arc welding gun includes a gun cap, a conductor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gun cap, a gun sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the conductor, a tungsten electrode jacket is fixed inside the conductor, a connecting part extends from the bottom of the conductor, the inside of the connecting part is connected to the gas nozzle, and the outside of the connecting part is connected to the external nozzle.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of long holes are formed circumferentially on the tungsten electrode clamp, and the long holes vertically penetrate from the upper end of the tungsten electrode clamp to the bottom of the tungsten electrode clamp, and the tungsten electrode clamp is fixed to the bottom of the gun cap.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a clamping portion capable of fixing the tungsten electrode is formed at the bottom of the tungsten electrode jacket, and an arc surface with a successively decreasing diameter is formed inside the clamping portion.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, an adjusting component is included, and the adjusting component is located between the mounting plate and the soft plasma arc welding gun, or between the mounting plate and the MIG welding gun.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the adjusting component includes a horizontal connecting block, a connecting rod, a horizontal steering block and a vertical steering block, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the horizontal connecting block, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the horizontal steering block, the vertical steering block is fixed on the side of the horizontal steering block away from the connecting rod, the vertical steering block and the connecting rod are vertically arranged, and a soft plasma arc welding gun is fixed in the vertical steering block.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the horizontal connecting block includes a fixing portion located in the long hole of the mounting plate, and the horizontal connecting block can be adjusted in the front-rear direction along the long hole of the mounting plate. The bolt passes through the fixing portion to fix the horizontal connecting block on the mounting plate.

[0018] A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding method comprises the following steps: Step 1, fix the soft plasma arc welding gun on the mounting plate through the adjusting component, and the soft plasma arc welding gun is located right in front of the welding direction; Step 2, fixing the laser welding gun head on the middle part of the mounting plate, wherein the laser welding gun head faces the welding direction and is located behind the soft plasma arc welding gun; Step 3, fixing the MIG welding gun on the mounting plate through another adjusting component, wherein the MIG welding gun faces the welding direction and is located behind the laser welding gun head; Step 4, adjust the position of the horizontal connecting block, connecting rod, horizontal steering block and vertical steering block, and then adjust the soft plasma arc welding gun, adjust the distance and angle between the laser welding gun head and the MIG welding gun, and turn on the soft plasma arc welding gun, adjust the laser welding gun head and the MIG welding gun to achieve welding of the workpiece to be welded.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention increases welding penetration, improves welding speed, reduces the occurrence of welding defects, and improves welding quality and welding efficiency through the synergistic effect of a soft plasma arc welding gun, a laser welding gun head and a MIG welding gun.

[0020] 2. The present invention can adjust the temperature gradient of the molten pool and reduce the cooling rate of the molten pool through the horizontal, vertical and rotational adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun on the mounting plate. On the one hand, it blocks the external gas from entering the molten pool to produce defects such as pores. On the other hand, it facilitates the gas in the molten pool to overflow, avoids the formation of pores and voids, ensures the stability of the welding process, and thus improves the welding quality.

[0021] 3. The present invention can improve the absorption rate of the workpiece to be welded to the laser through the preheating effect of the soft plasma arc, thereby increasing the welding penetration; for the welding of medium and thick plates, welding without beveling or with a small bevel can be achieved, thereby reducing the amount of filler metal used.

[0022] 4. The gas nozzle of the present invention is provided with not only a shielding gas passage but also a cooling water passage, and the shielding gas passage and the cooling water passage do not interfere with each other while achieving their functions, thereby ensuring efficient operation of the soft plasma arc welding gun.

[0023] 5. The annular structure of the annular cooling water cavity in the gas nozzle of the present invention increases the contact area between the cooling water and the internal parts, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] 6. The combination of compressed gas and shielding gas in the present invention can protect the arc and molten pool, avoid oxidation and contamination, and thus improve the quality of the weld.

[0025] 7. The soft plasma arc welding gun of the present invention can change the stiffness, compression degree, and energy density of the soft plasma arc by adjusting parameters such as the compressed gas flow rate, the tungsten electrode extension length, and the current size, thereby changing the width of the preheating molten pool and the welding depth, and ultimately improving the welding quality.

[0026] 8. The adjusting component of the present invention can adjust the distance and angle between the laser welding gun head, the soft plasma arc welding gun, and the MIG welding gun, thereby regulating the temperature gradient of the molten pool, thereby controlling the cooling rate of the molten pool and avoiding defects such as pores, voids, and unfused parts during processing.

[0027] 9. The present invention can realize horizontal, vertical and rotational adjustment of the welding gun only through the horizontal connecting block, the connecting rod, the horizontal steering block and the vertical steering block, thereby improving the flexibility of adjusting the welding gun and facilitating the coordinated use of welding guns.

[0028] 10. The soft plasma arc welding gun of the present invention can be connected to a variable polarity current and can be applied to metals such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys to facilitate the cleaning of oxide films on the metal surfaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a soft plasma arc welding gun according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a soft plasma arc welding gun according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the gas nozzle AA according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the gas nozzle BB according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tungsten electrode clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals in the figure: 1, mounting plate, 2, adjusting component, 3, laser welding gun head, 4, soft plasma arc welding gun, 5, MIG welding gun, 6, protective gas pipe joint, 7, first water-cooled cable joint, 8, second water-cooled cable joint, 9, compressed gas pipe joint, 10, mounting bracket, 21, horizontal connecting block, 22, connecting rod, 23, horizontal steering block, 24, vertical steering block, 41, tungsten electrode, 42, tungsten electrode clamp, 43, conductor, 44, holster, 45, tungsten electrode jacket, 46, gas nozzle, 47, outer nozzle, 48, gun cap, 100, upper compressed gas passage, 200, lower compressed gas passage, 211, fixing part, 421. Long hole, 431. Upper end protective gas passage, 432. Upper end cooling water passage, 433. Connecting part, 451. Through hole, 452. Clamping part, 461. Lower end protective gas passage, 462. Annular protective gas cavity, 463. Round hole, 464. Lower end cooling water passage, 465. Annular cooling water cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, a soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG composite welding device and method, including a mounting plate 1, a laser welding gun head 3 is installed in the middle of the mounting plate 1; a soft plasma arc welding gun 4 and a MIG welding gun 5 are installed on both sides of the mounting plate 1, and the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 and the MIG welding gun 5 can be adjusted horizontally, vertically and rotationally on the mounting plate 1; the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 includes a conductor 43 and a gas nozzle 46, an upper end protective gas passage 431 is formed inside the conductor 43, and the upper end A protective gas pipe joint 6 is connected to the upper end of the protective gas passage 431, and a lower protective gas passage 461, an annular protective gas cavity 462 and a circular hole 463 circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the annular protective gas cavity 462 are formed inside the gas nozzle 46. The circular hole 463 vertically penetrates from the inside of the annular protective gas cavity 462 to the outside of the gas nozzle 46, and the protective gas enters the upper protective gas passage 431, the lower protective gas passage 461, the annular protective gas cavity 462 in sequence through the protective gas pipe joint 6 and is discharged from the circular hole 463.

[0032] Specifically, a soft plasma arc welding gun 4, a laser welding gun head 3 and a MIG welding gun 5 are installed on the mounting plate 1 in sequence along the welding direction. The soft plasma arc generated by the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 is located in front of the laser spot generated by the laser welding gun head 3. The heat source generated by the soft plasma arc is used to preheat the workpiece to be welded and increase the welding penetration. The laser is used to increase the welding penetration, and MIG welding is used to fill the weld.

[0033] Among them, the soft plasma arc preheats the metal surface and changes the state of the metal surface, thereby increasing the metal's absorption rate of the laser, thereby increasing the welding depth and welding speed; and the horizontal, vertical and rotational adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 on the mounting plate 1 can adjust the temperature gradient of the molten pool, reduce the cooling rate of the molten pool, facilitate the overflow of gas in the molten pool, avoid the formation of pores and voids, ensure the stability of the welding process, and thus improve the welding quality.

[0034] According to the needs of different welding processes, the molten pool generated by the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 can be coupled, partially coupled or separated from the molten pool generated by the laser welding gun head 3 and the MIG welding gun 5. A good coupling body can expand the range of the arc, ensure the stability of the arc, and enhance the preheating effect. When the arc and metal vapor interact with each other, the heat source interaction increases, thereby improving the welding efficiency.

[0035] The annular shielding gas cavity 462 and the circular hole 463 in the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 are arranged so that the shielding gas passing through the upper shielding gas passage 431 and the lower shielding gas passage 461 gathers in the annular shielding gas cavity 462 and is evenly discharged through the circular hole 463. The annular shielding gas cavity 462 and the circular hole 463 act as an air screen, so that the shielding gas passes through the air screen and changes from turbulent flow to laminar flow, thereby blocking the external air. On the one hand, it protects the compressed gas while also protecting the molten pool, thereby preventing external gas from entering the molten pool and causing defects such as pores. On the other hand, it controls the width of the molten pool, thereby avoiding the formation of a larger weld and reducing the amount of filler metal used. This improves the quality of subsequent welding while also reducing the welding cost.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention increases welding penetration, improves welding speed, reduces the occurrence of welding defects, and improves welding quality and welding efficiency through the synergistic effect of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, the laser welding gun head 3 and the MIG welding gun 5.

[0037] Since the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 is added, the welding penetration is increased, and the welding of medium and thick plates can be achieved while the welding of thin plates is achieved.

[0038] An upper cooling water passage 432 is formed inside the conductor 43, one end of the upper cooling water passage 432 is connected to the first water-cooling cable connector 7, and the other end of the upper cooling water passage 432 is connected to the second water-cooling cable connector 8; a lower cooling water passage 464 that penetrates the upper cooling water passage 432 is formed inside the air nozzle 46, and an annular cooling water cavity 465 is provided at the bottom of the lower cooling water passage 464. The cooling water enters the upper cooling water passage 432, the lower cooling water passage 464, and the annular cooling water cavity 465 through the first water-cooling cable connector 7 and is discharged through the second water-cooling cable connector 8.

[0039] Specifically, the annular cooling water cavity 465 is located at the upper end of the annular protective gas cavity 462 and does not interfere with the annular protective gas cavity 462. On the one hand, the cooling water passing through the upper cooling water passage 432, the lower cooling water passage 464, and the annular cooling water cavity 465 can effectively cool down the gas nozzle 46, the tungsten electrode 41 and other internal parts. On the other hand, the annular structure of the annular cooling water cavity 465 increases the contact area between the cooling water and the internal parts, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0040] The gas nozzle 46 of the present invention is provided with not only a shielding gas passage but also a cooling water passage. The shielding gas passage and the cooling water passage do not interfere with each other while achieving their functions, thereby ensuring efficient operation of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4.

[0041] While the structures of the protective gas passage and the cooling water passage are determined in the present invention, the structure of the internal compressed gas passage is not limited. The structure of the compressed gas passage described below is only one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The soft plasma arc welding gun 4 includes a tungsten electrode 41, the tungsten electrode 41 is covered with a tungsten electrode clamp 42, the upper end of the tungsten electrode clamp 42 is covered with a conductor 43, an upper compressed gas passage 100 is formed between the tungsten electrode clamp 42 and the conductor 43, and the upper end of the upper compressed gas passage 100 is connected to a compressed gas pipe joint 9; the lower end of the tungsten electrode clamp 42 is sequentially covered with a tungsten electrode jacket 45 and a gas nozzle 46 from the inside to the outside, and the lower end of the tungsten electrode jacket 45 is circumferentially provided with a through hole 451 that transversely penetrates the tungsten electrode jacket 45, and a lower compressed gas passage 200 is formed between the tungsten electrode jacket 45 and the tungsten electrode clamp 42, and compressed gas enters the upper compressed gas passage 100 and the lower compressed gas passage 200 through the compressed gas pipe joint 9 and is discharged from the through hole 451.

[0043] The circumferentially arranged through holes 451 guide and evenly disperse the compressed gas gathered between the tungsten electrode clamp 42 and the tungsten electrode jacket 45 , thereby facilitating stable transportation of the compressed gas.

[0044] Specifically, the compressed gas flows out through the small hole of the gas nozzle 64 under the guidance of the gap between the upper compressed gas passage 100, the lower compressed gas passage 200, the through hole 451, the tungsten electrode 41 and the gas nozzle 46, which compresses the arc, reduces the diameter of the arc, increases the energy density, and thus improves the temperature and penetration of the arc.

[0045] Two layers of gas are passed into the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, one layer serves as a shielding gas, and the other layer serves as a compressed gas for the arc. During welding, the shielding gas can be turned on first, and then the compressed gas, or the shielding gas and the compressed gas can be turned on at the same time. The inert gas passed through the compressed gas passage and the gas passed through the shielding gas passage can be the same gas or different gases.

[0046] The compressed gas in the present invention cooperates with the shielding gas to protect the arc and the molten pool, avoid oxidation and contamination, and thus improve the quality of the weld.

[0047] The soft plasma arc welding gun 4 includes a gun cap 48, a conductor 43 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gun cap 48, a gun sleeve 44 is sleeved on the outside of the conductor 43, a tungsten electrode jacket 45 is fixed inside the conductor 43, a connecting part 433 extends from the bottom of the conductor 43, the connecting part 433 is connected to the gas nozzle 46 inside, and the connecting part 433 is connected to the external nozzle 47 outside.

[0048] A plurality of long holes 421 are formed circumferentially on the tungsten pole clamp 42, and the long holes 421 vertically penetrate from the upper end of the tungsten pole clamp 42 to the bottom of the tungsten pole clamp 42. The long holes 421 on the tungsten pole clamp 42 facilitate the tungsten pole 41 to enter the tungsten pole clamp 42 from the bottom of the tungsten pole clamp 42 and adjust the position in the tungsten pole clamp 42. The tungsten pole clamp 42 realizes the positioning and clamping function for the tungsten pole 41, and the tungsten pole clamp 42 is fixed to the bottom of the gun cap 48.

[0049] A clamping portion 452 capable of fixing the tungsten electrode 41 is formed at the bottom of the tungsten electrode sleeve 45, and an arc surface with a diameter that gradually decreases is formed inside the clamping portion 452. The clamping portion 452 clamps and fixes the tungsten electrode 41. The tungsten electrode sleeve 45 further clamps the tungsten electrode 41 under the action of the tungsten electrode clamp 42 to clamp the tungsten electrode 41, thereby achieving stable fixation of the tungsten electrode 41 in the soft plasma arc welding gun 4.

[0050] Specifically, the bottom of the gun cap 48 first fixes the tungsten electrode clamp 42 with the built-in tungsten electrode 41, and then fixes the conductor 43, and the gun holster 44 is set on the outside of the conductor 43; the tungsten electrode jacket 45, the gas nozzle 46, and the outer nozzle 47 are fixed in sequence from the inside to the outside at the lower end of the conductor 43; the connection method between the gun cap 48 and the tungsten electrode clamp 42, the conductor 43; the conductor 43 and the gun holster 44, the tungsten electrode jacket 45, the gas nozzle 46, and the outer nozzle 47 can be a threaded connection, or it can be other connection methods such as welding.

[0051] The length of the tungsten electrode 41 is adjustable, and it can extend out of the gas nozzle 46 or be retracted into the gas nozzle 46. The current used by the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 can be either direct current, alternating current, pulsed current, or other currents such as variable polarity current. For example, when the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 is used for welding aluminum, magnesium metals and alloys, the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 can use variable polarity current, which is beneficial to the cleaning of the oxide film.

[0052] The soft plasma arc welding gun 4 of the present invention can change the stiffness, compression degree, and energy density of the soft plasma arc by adjusting parameters such as the compressed gas flow rate, the extension length of the tungsten electrode 41, and the current size, thereby changing the width of the preheating molten pool and the welding depth, thereby ultimately improving the welding quality.

[0053] An adjusting component 2 is provided between the mounting plate 1 and the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 , and an adjusting component 2 is also provided between the mounting plate 1 and the MIG welding gun 5 .

[0054] The adjusting component 2 includes a horizontal connecting block 21, a connecting rod 22, a horizontal steering block 23 and a vertical steering block 24, one end of the connecting rod 22 is fixed to the horizontal connecting block 21, the other end of the connecting rod 22 is fixed to the horizontal steering block 23, the vertical steering block 24 is fixed to the side of the horizontal steering block 23 away from the connecting rod 22, the vertical steering block 24 and the connecting rod 22 are vertically arranged, and the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 is fixed inside the vertical steering block 24.

[0055] The horizontal connecting block 21 includes a fixing portion 211 located in the long hole of the mounting plate 1 . The horizontal connecting block 21 can be adjusted in the front-rear direction along the long hole of the mounting plate 1 . Bolts passing through the fixing portion 211 can fix the horizontal connecting block 21 on the mounting plate 1 .

[0056] Specifically, the front and rear adjustment of the horizontal connecting block 21 in the long hole of the mounting plate 1 can realize the front and rear adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, the up and down adjustment of the connecting rod 22 in the horizontal connecting block 21 and the horizontal steering block 23 can realize the up and down adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, the rotation of the horizontal steering block 23 around the connecting rod 22 can realize the horizontal rotation adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, and the rotation of the vertical steering block 24 around the horizontal steering block 23 can realize the vertical rotation adjustment of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4.

[0057] Similarly, the adjusting component 2 can also realize the front-back, up-down, horizontal and vertical rotation adjustment of the MIG welding gun 5.

[0058] After adjustment, the horizontal connecting block 21, the connecting rod 22, the horizontal steering block 23 and the vertical steering block 24 are locked by bolts to ensure that the positions of the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 and the MIG welding gun 5 are fixed.

[0059] The present invention can realize horizontal, vertical and rotational adjustment of the welding gun only through the horizontal connecting block 21, the connecting rod 22, the horizontal steering block 23 and the vertical steering block 24, thereby improving the flexibility of welding gun adjustment and facilitating the coordinated use of welding guns.

[0060] A mounting bracket 10 is also provided on the back of the mounting plate 1 away from the laser welding gun head 3, so as to conveniently fix the mounting plate 1, the laser welding gun head 3, the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 and the MIG welding gun 5 as an integrated structure on the equipment.

[0061] The adjustment component 2 of the present invention can adjust the distance and angle between the laser welding gun head 3, the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, and the MIG welding gun 5, thereby regulating the temperature gradient of the molten pool, thereby controlling the cooling rate of the molten pool and avoiding defects such as pores, voids, and unfused defects during processing.

[0062] The MIG welding gun 5 in the present invention can also be replaced by a MAG welding gun. The difference between the MIG welding gun 5 and the MAG welding gun is that they use different welding gases, and different welding gases are used on different welding materials.

[0063] A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding method, referring to the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 1, fix the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 on the mounting plate 1 through the adjusting component 2, and the soft plasma arc welding gun 4 is located right in front of the welding direction; Step 2, fixing the laser welding gun head 3 in the middle of the mounting plate 1, wherein the laser welding gun head 3 faces the welding direction and is located behind the soft plasma arc welding gun 4; Step 3, fix the MIG welding gun 5 on the mounting plate 1 through another adjusting component 2, wherein the MIG welding gun 5 faces the welding direction and is located behind the laser welding gun head 3; Step 4, adjust the positions of the horizontal connecting block 21, the connecting rod 22, the horizontal steering block 23 and the vertical steering block 24, and then adjust the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, adjust the distance and angle between the laser welding gun head 3 and the MIG welding gun 5, and turn on the soft plasma arc welding gun 4, adjust the laser welding gun head 3 and the MIG welding gun 5 to achieve welding of the workpiece to be welded.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0065] Although this article uses more figure marks in the figure: 1, mounting plate, 2, adjustment component, 3, laser welding gun head, 4, soft plasma arc welding gun, 5, MIG welding gun, 6, protective gas pipe joint, 7, first water-cooled cable joint, 8, second water-cooled cable joint, 9, compressed gas pipe joint, 10, mounting bracket, 21, horizontal connecting block, 22, connecting rod, 23, horizontal steering block, 24, vertical steering block, 41, tungsten electrode, 42, tungsten electrode clamp, 43, conductor, 44, holster, 45, tungsten electrode jacket, 46, gas nozzle, 47, outer nozzle, 48, gun cap, 100, upper compressed gas passage, 200, lower compressed gas passage, 211, fixing part, The terms 421, long hole, 431, upper protective gas passage, 432, upper cooling water passage, 433, connecting portion, 451, through hole, 452, clamping portion, 461, lower protective gas passage, 462, annular protective gas cavity, 463, round hole, 464, lower cooling water passage, 465, annular cooling water cavity, etc., but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded; these terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting plate (1), wherein a laser welding gun head (3) is mounted in the middle of the mounting plate (1); a soft plasma arc welding gun (4) and a MIG welding gun (5) are mounted on both sides of the mounting plate (1), and the soft plasma arc welding gun (4) and the MIG welding gun (5) can be adjusted horizontally, vertically and rotationally on the mounting plate (1); the soft plasma arc welding gun (4) comprises a conductor (43) and a gas nozzle (46); an upper end shielding gas passage (431) is formed inside the conductor (43), and the upper end of the upper end shielding gas passage (431) is connected to A protective gas pipe joint (6) is provided, wherein a lower protective gas passage (461), an annular protective gas cavity (462) and a circular hole (463) circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the annular protective gas cavity (462) are formed inside the gas nozzle (46); the circular hole (463) vertically penetrates from the inside of the annular protective gas cavity (462) to the outside of the gas nozzle (46); the protective gas enters the upper protective gas passage (431), the lower protective gas passage (461), and the annular protective gas cavity (462) in sequence through the protective gas pipe joint (6) and is discharged from the circular hole (463).

2. A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper cooling water passage (432) is formed inside the conductor (43), one end of the upper cooling water passage (432) is connected to a first water-cooling cable connector (7), and the other end of the upper cooling water passage (432) is connected to a second water-cooling cable connector (8); a lower cooling water passage (464) is formed inside the air nozzle (46) and is connected to the upper cooling water passage (432), an annular cooling water cavity (465) is provided at the bottom of the lower cooling water passage (464), and cooling water enters the upper cooling water passage (432), the lower cooling water passage (464), and the annular cooling water cavity (465) through the first water-cooling cable connector (7) and is discharged through the second water-cooling cable connector (8).

3. A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soft plasma arc welding gun (4) comprises a tungsten electrode (41), the outer cover of the tungsten electrode (41) is provided with a tungsten electrode clamp (42), the upper end of the tungsten electrode clamp (42) is provided with a conductor (43), an upper compressed gas passage (100) is formed between the tungsten electrode clamp (42) and the conductor (43), and the upper end of the upper compressed gas passage (100) is connected to a compressed gas pipe joint (9); the lower end of the tungsten electrode clamp (42) is provided with a tungsten electrode jacket (45) and a gas nozzle (46) in sequence from the inside to the outside, the lower end of the tungsten electrode jacket (45) is provided with a through hole (451) that laterally penetrates the tungsten electrode jacket (45), a lower compressed gas passage (200) is formed between the tungsten electrode jacket (45) and the tungsten electrode clamp (42), and compressed gas enters the upper compressed gas passage (100) and the lower compressed gas passage (200) through the compressed gas pipe joint (9) and is discharged from the through hole (451).

4. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soft plasma arc welding gun (4) comprises a gun cap (48), a conductor (43) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gun cap (48), a gun sleeve (44) is sleeved on the outside of the conductor (43), a tungsten electrode jacket (45) is fixed on the inside of the conductor (43), a connecting portion (433) extends from the bottom of the conductor (43), the inside of the connecting portion (433) is connected to a gas nozzle (46), and the outside of the connecting portion (433) is connected to an external nozzle (47).

5. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of long holes (421) are formed circumferentially on the tungsten electrode clamp (42), and the long holes (421) vertically penetrate from the upper end of the tungsten electrode clamp (42) to the bottom of the tungsten electrode clamp (42), and the tungsten electrode clamp (42) is fixed to the bottom of the gun cap (48).

6. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the tungsten electrode jacket (45) forms a clamping portion (452) capable of fixing the tungsten electrode (41), and the inside of the clamping portion (452) forms an arc surface with a diameter that gradually decreases.

7. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises an adjusting component (2), wherein the adjusting component (2) is located between a mounting plate (1) and a soft plasma arc welding gun (4), and / or between the mounting plate (1) and a MIG welding gun (5).

8. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjusting component (2) comprises a horizontal connecting block (21), a connecting rod (22), a horizontal steering block (23) and a vertical steering block (24); one end of the connecting rod (22) is fixed to the horizontal connecting block (21); the other end of the connecting rod (22) is fixed to the horizontal steering block (23); a vertical steering block (24) is fixed to a side of the horizontal steering block (23) away from the connecting rod (22); the vertical steering block (24) and the connecting rod (22) are arranged vertically; and a soft plasma arc welding gun (4) is fixed inside the vertical steering block (24).

9. The soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The horizontal connection block (21) comprises a fixing portion (211) located in the long hole of the mounting plate (1); the horizontal connection block (21) can be adjusted in a front-to-rear direction along the long hole of the mounting plate (1); and bolts passing through the fixing portion (211) can achieve fixing of the horizontal connection block (21) on the mounting plate (1).

10. A soft plasma arc combined laser-MIG hybrid welding method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Step 1, fixing a soft plasma arc welding gun (4) on a mounting plate (1) via an adjusting component (2), wherein the soft plasma arc welding gun (4) is located directly in front of the welding direction; Step 2, fixing the laser welding gun head (3) in the middle of the mounting plate (1), wherein the laser welding gun head (3) faces the welding direction and is located behind the soft plasma arc welding gun (4); Step 3, fixing the MIG welding gun (5) on the mounting plate (1) via another adjusting component (2), wherein the MIG welding gun (5) faces the welding direction and is located behind the laser welding gun head (3); Step 4, adjusting the positions of the horizontal connecting block (21), the connecting rod (22), the horizontal steering block (23) and the vertical steering block (24) to adjust the distance and angle between the soft plasma arc welding gun (4), the laser welding gun head (3) and the MIG welding gun (5), and turning on the soft plasma arc welding gun (4), adjusting the laser welding gun head (3) and the MIG welding gun (5) to achieve welding of the workpiece to be welded.

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