Soil conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil remediation and improvement, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components: 50-80 parts of a fermented organic fertilizer, 30-60 parts of waste soil foaming particles, 15-30 parts of charcoal, 10-20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, and 0.5-2 parts of a water-retaining agent. The waste soil foaming particles and biochemical fulvic acid used in the invention are both processed from garden waste and construction waste, waste resources are recycled, the carbon sequestration capability of soil is enhanced by carbon sink input of biochar, and the biochemical fulvic acid contains carboxyl, hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups, so that the soil carbon sequestration capability is enhanced. Physical or chemical adsorption with mineral substances on the surfaces of soil particles can be realized, so that the soil particles are bonded together, and formation of water-stable aggregates in the soil is further promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil restoration and improvement, and in particular to a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Many flower species can grow and bloom continuously throughout the year, providing viewers with a longer viewing time. However, due to the continuous growth and flowering of flowers, the nutrients in the plants are over-consumed, and the changeable climate every year causes pests and diseases. The continuous use of chicken manure has led to serious soil alkalinization, which can easily cause the tree to weaken. Over time, old branches gradually die, new branches grow thinner and thinner, fewer and fewer flowers bloom, and the fragrance gradually decreases, seriously affecting the viewing effect.

[0003] Rose (Rosa chinensis) is native to my country and belongs to the genus Rosa in the family Rosaceae. Rose cultivation has a long history, rich varieties, and a variety of flower shapes and colors. It is one of the most popular flower varieties and is widely used in landscaping. Roses prefer loose, fertile, breathable, and well-drained slightly acidic soil. Loose, breathable soil and sufficient fertility ensure the vigorous growth and flowering quality of roses. As time goes by, the soil layer sinks seriously, and low-lying areas are prone to water accumulation. The peat and organic matter in the soil have basically rotted and degraded. The soil compaction becomes more serious year by year, and the air and water permeability of the soil decreases, resulting in the inability of the rose roots to breathe normally, and the nutrient transport is blocked, affecting the normal growth of the rose. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a soil conditioner and its preparation method and application, aiming to improve the physical and chemical properties and water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, reduce the impact of soil aging on the growth and flowering of flowers, and provide a good growth environment for flowers.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 30-60 parts of waste soil foam particles, 15-30 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, and 0.5-2 parts of water retaining agent.

[0006] In one embodiment, the mass percentage of dry organic matter in the fermented organic fertilizer is not less than 30%; and / or,

[0007] In the fermented organic fertilizer, the mass proportion of nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O, dry basis) is not less than 4%.

[0008] In one embodiment, the density of the waste soil foam particles is 0.45 to 0.65 g / cm 3 .

[0009] In one embodiment, the water retaining agent includes at least one of polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide and starch-polyacrylamide.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S10, mixing engineering waste soil, a foaming agent and ethanol to obtain a precursor;

[0012] S20, sintering the precursor to obtain waste soil foam particles;

[0013] S30, mixing the waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid, water retaining agent and fermented organic fertilizer to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the construction waste soil to the foaming agent is (2.5-3.5):1.

[0015] In one embodiment, in step S10, the foaming agent includes 3-5 parts of borax, 3-5 parts of silica fume and 1-3 parts of sodium bicarbonate in parts by weight.

[0016] In one embodiment, in step S20, the sintering is specifically as follows: firstly, the temperature is raised to 400-420°C, maintained for 20-25 minutes; then, the temperature is raised to 820-880°C, maintained for 20-25 minutes, and then naturally cooled to room temperature; and / or,

[0017] The porosity of the waste soil foamed particles is not less than 45%, and the average pore size is 0.30-0.55 mm. The content of SiO2 in the waste soil foamed particles is 40.50-55.50wt%, the content of Al2O3 is 25.00-35.00wt%, and the content of Fe2O3 is 2.50-5.50wt%.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid and water retaining agent are all crushed before use;

[0019] The particle size of the fermented organic fertilizer does not exceed 2 mm; and / or,

[0020] The particle size of the waste soil foamed particles does not exceed 5 mm; and / or,

[0021] The particle size of the biochar does not exceed 0.15 mm; and / or,

[0022] The particle size of the biochemical fulvic acid does not exceed 0.15 mm; and / or,

[0023] The particle size of the water retaining agent does not exceed 2 mm.

[0024] The present invention also provides an application of a soil conditioner in rose planting, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the soil conditioner or a soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the soil conditioner.

[0025] The soil conditioner provided by the technical solution of the present invention includes the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 30-60 parts of waste soil foaming particles, 15-30 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of biochemical humic acid, and 0.5-2 parts of water retaining agent. The volume of the water retaining agent expands after absorbing water, which helps the soil to form a granular structure. This structure can reduce the compactness of the soil and increase the porosity of the soil, thereby reducing the penetration and loss of soil moisture. In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar and biochemical humic acid are all recycled waste resources, reducing carbon emissions. The biochemical humic acid contains functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, which can be physically or chemically adsorbed with minerals on the surface of soil particles, thereby bonding the soil particles together, and further promoting the formation of water-stable aggregates in the soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Continuous planting of ground-planted roses, due to the continuous growth and flowering of roses throughout the year, the nutrients in the plants are over-consumed, and the changeable climate every year causes pests and diseases. The continuous use of chicken manure has led to serious soil alkalization, which can easily cause the tree to weaken. Over time, old branches gradually die, new branches grow thinner and thinner, fewer and fewer flowers bloom, and the fragrance gradually decreases, seriously affecting the ornamental effect.

[0028] The present invention proposes a soil conditioner, which includes the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 30-60 parts of waste soil foaming particles, 15-30 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of biochemical humic acid, and 0.5-2 parts of water retaining agent. The volume of the water retaining agent expands after absorbing water, which helps the soil to form a granular structure. This structure can reduce the compactness of the soil and increase the porosity of the soil, thereby reducing the penetration and loss of soil moisture. In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar and biochemical humic acid are all recycled waste resources, reducing carbon emissions. The biochemical humic acid contains functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, which can be physically or chemically adsorbed with minerals on the surface of soil particles, thereby bonding the soil particles together, and further promoting the formation of water-stable aggregates in the soil.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass proportion of dry organic matter in the fermented organic fertilizer is not less than 30%. The fermented organic fertilizer is fermented from garden waste, and the organic matter content in the remaining solid matter after removing water is at least 30%, which can provide a variety of nutrients required for plant growth. Organic matter can also increase the porosity of the soil, improve the water retention capacity and aeration of the soil, and is conducive to the growth of the root system and the activity of microorganisms.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass proportion of nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O, dry basis) in the fermented organic fertilizer is not less than 4%. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are basic nutrients for plant growth, and a proportion of 4% can provide a relatively sufficient fertilizer effect and help promote the healthy growth of plants.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the density of the waste soil foam particles is 0.45-0.65 g / cm 3 The waste soil foaming particles are made of engineering waste soil and foaming agent. The density of the soil conditioner has a direct impact on the soil bulk density. When the waste soil foaming particles are at this density, the density of the corresponding soil bulk density is 0.1-0.8g / cm 3 Within this range, it can effectively support and fix the plants without hindering the extension of the plant roots.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water retaining agent includes at least one of polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide and starch-polyacrylamide. The selection of the water retaining agent is crucial to maintaining the moist state of the substrate. Polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate contain highly hydrophilic COO- groups, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol contain -OH hydrophilic groups, and the synthetic polymer water retaining agent formed by starch graft polymers all have high hydrophilicity and can absorb water equivalent to hundreds of times its own weight and slowly release it under drought conditions, which is particularly important for drought-intolerant plants such as roses.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner. The specific ratio of the soil conditioner is referred to the above embodiment. Since the present preparation method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here. The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0034] S10, mixing engineering waste soil, a foaming agent and ethanol to obtain a precursor;

[0035] S20, sintering the precursor to obtain waste soil foam particles;

[0036] S30, mixing the waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid, water retaining agent and fermented organic fertilizer to obtain a soil conditioner. Preferably, the biochar, biochemical fulvic acid and water retaining agent are first mixed, then the fermented organic fertilizer is added, and finally the waste soil foaming particles are added and mixed.

[0037] The soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method can not only effectively utilize waste, but also significantly improve soil quality and promote plant growth. The biochar is prepared by carbonizing garden waste leaves; the biochemical humic acid is a product generated by decomposition and synthesis reactions under the action of microbial fermentation using garden waste as raw materials. The engineering waste soil provides basic minerals and soil structure, with high clay content and low organic matter content, good plasticity and high-temperature expansion, and the Al2O3 and SiO2 contents in the engineering waste soil are relatively high, which is conducive to the formation of Si-Al three-dimensional spatial structure during firing, improves the strength of the finished product, avoids pulverization in a short time after application to the soil, and provides necessary physical support for the waste soil foaming particles.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the engineering waste soil to the foaming agent is (2.5-3.5): 1. At this ratio, the size of the obtained waste soil foamed particles is uniform and the foaming effect is good. When the amount of engineering waste soil added is too much, the foaming is insufficient and the porosity of the finished product is small; when the amount of engineering waste soil added is too little, the bubbles are too large, and even through holes are formed, and the finished product is uneven. The precursor system is simple, the component materials are safe and environmentally friendly, and the foaming is fast and sufficient.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S10, the foaming agent includes 3-5 parts of borax, 3-5 parts of silica fume and 1-3 parts of sodium bicarbonate by weight. Using sodium bicarbonate as a foaming agent can reduce the foaming temperature, and sodium bicarbonate is cheap and easy to obtain, which can save production costs; borax reduces the melting point of the mixture; silica fume is a resource utilization of industrial waste, and the introduction of silicon element increases the strength of the finished product, and it is cheap, and the silica fume particles can reach micro-nano level and are evenly dispersed. Under this ratio, a good foaming effect can be achieved.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S20, the sintering is specifically as follows: firstly heating to 400-420°C, maintaining for 20-25 minutes; then heating to 820-880°C, maintaining for 20-25 minutes, and then naturally cooling to room temperature. Compared with the conventional ceramsite on the market, which is usually heated at a temperature above 1000°C, the present invention reduces the sintering temperature, saves energy, and reduces the difficulty of material processing.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the waste soil foam particles is not less than 45%, and the average pore size is 0.300-0.550mm. The content of SiO2 in the waste soil foam particles is 40.50-55.50wt%, the content of Al2O3 is 25.00-35.00wt%, and the content of Fe2O3 is 2.50-5.50wt%. At least 45% of the volume inside the particles is empty, that is, it has a porous structure. High porosity helps to increase the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and helps the respiration and water absorption of plant roots. Al2O3 can affect the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and plays an important role in the stability of soil aggregates.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid and water retaining agent are all crushed before use; the particle size of the fermented organic fertilizer does not exceed 2 mm. Small particle size helps to increase the surface area of ​​the material, thereby promoting the activity of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter, making it easier for plants to absorb.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the waste soil foam particles does not exceed 5 mm. Crushing can make the waste soil foam particles more evenly distributed in the soil, increase the porosity and permeability of the soil, and also help maintain the structural stability of the soil.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the biochar does not exceed 0.15 mm. The extremely fine particle size of the biochar can provide a larger specific surface area, enhance the adsorption capacity of the biochar, and help maintain nutrients in the soil and improve soil quality.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the biochemical fulvic acid does not exceed 0.15 mm. Small particle size helps the biochemical fulvic acid to mix with the soil faster, improve its dispersibility and effectiveness in the soil, and thus promote plant growth.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the water retaining agent does not exceed 2 mm. Crushing can make the water retaining agent evenly distributed in the soil, improve its water absorption and water retention capacity, help reduce water evaporation and improve soil moisture conditions.

[0047] The present invention also proposes an application of a soil conditioner in rose planting, wherein the soil conditioner includes the soil conditioner or the soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the soil conditioner. The specific proportion of the soil conditioner refers to the above embodiment. Since the preparation method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0048] The specific operation of rose planting is to remove the plants on the soil surface, loosen the soil, and add the soil conditioner at a rate of 700-800g / m 2 Apply evenly into the soil and then replant the plants.

[0049] or,

[0050] Furrow application: dig furrows around the roses, apply the soil conditioner at 45-55g per plant, and then cover with soil.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The present embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which includes the following components by weight: 80 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 30 parts of waste soil foam particles, 30 parts of biochar, 10 parts of biochemical fulvic acid (Shanghai Tong Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd., BFA≥70%), and 0.5 parts of potassium polyacrylate.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S10, mixing engineering waste soil (collected from excavated soil from a slope of a construction site on Jihua Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, SiO2 49.53%, Al2O3 31.21%, Fe2O3 4.62%), a foaming agent and ethanol to obtain a precursor;

[0055] S20, sintering the precursor, raising the temperature from room temperature to 400°C, maintaining it for 20 minutes; then raising the temperature to 820°C, maintaining it for 20 minutes, and then naturally cooling it to room temperature. Obtaining waste soil foam particles;

[0056] S30, crushing garden waste leaves into 0.5-1 cm (favorable for uniform carbonization), carbonizing at 400°C for 5 hours (at this temperature and time, the micropore volume of biochar is the largest, so the adsorption capacity is large, which is beneficial to enhancing the fertilizer retention capacity of the improver), to obtain biochar; mixing the waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical humic acid, potassium polyacrylate and fermented organic fertilizer; obtaining a soil improver.

[0057] Wherein, in step S10, the mass ratio of the engineering waste soil to potassium polyacrylate is 3.5: 1. The foaming agent includes 4 parts of borax, 4 parts of silica fume and 2 parts of sodium bicarbonate.

[0058] The porosity of the waste soil foaming particles is not less than 45%. The ash content of the biochar is not more than 20%. The greater the ash content, the higher the alkalinity of the biochar. The fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid and water retaining agent must be crushed before use; the fermented organic fertilizer is crushed and passed through a 2mm sieve, the waste soil foaming particles are crushed and passed through a 5mm sieve, the biochar is crushed and passed through a 0.15mm sieve; the biochemical fulvic acid is crushed and passed through a 0.15mm sieve, and potassium polyacrylate is crushed and passed through a 2mm sieve.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] The present embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which includes the following components by weight: 50 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 60 parts of waste soil foam particles, 15 parts of biochar, 20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 1 part of polyethylene oxide, and 1 part of starch-polyacrylamide.

[0061] The preparation method of the soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 1.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] The present embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which includes the following components by weight: 60 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 40 parts of waste soil foam particles, 20 parts of biochar, 15 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0064] The preparation method of the soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner comprising only 60 parts of fermented organic fertilizer.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which, compared with Example 3, only replaces the waste soil foam particles with commercially available expanded clay.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which, compared with Example 3, does not contain a water retaining agent.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which, compared with Example 3, does not contain waste soil foaming particles.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which only includes 40 parts of waste soil foaming particles.

[0075] Comparative Example 6

[0076] The comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following components by weight: 60 parts of fermented organic fertilizer; 20 parts of waste soil foam particles; 20 parts of biochar; 15 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0077] Comparative Example 7

[0078] This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, which includes the following components by weight: 60 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 70 parts of waste soil foam particles, 20 parts of biochar, 15 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0079] Performance Test:

[0080] The experiment adopted a randomized block design and set 9 treatments according to different soil conditioners, namely:

[0081] CK: blank control, only inorganic fertilizer (balanced 15-15-15, Yara International, effective ingredients N+P2O5+K2O≥45%) 50 g / plant was applied;

[0082] Treatment 1: inorganic fertilizer + comparative example 1 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0083] Treatment 2: inorganic fertilizer + comparative example 2 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0084] Treatment 3: inorganic fertilizer + comparative example 3 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0085] Treatment 4: inorganic fertilizer + comparative example 4 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0086] Treatment 5: inorganic fertilizer + comparative example 5 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0087] Treatment 6: inorganic fertilizer + Example 1 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0088] Treatment 7: inorganic fertilizer + Example 2 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant);

[0089] Treatment 8: inorganic fertilizer + Example 3 (50 g / plant + 50 g / plant).

[0090] The experiment was conducted by furrow application, with inorganic fertilizer and soil conditioner mixed and applied at the same time, with 6 roses per treatment. The test roses were pruned evenly in advance, and water management was carried out according to actual conditions during the experiment to ensure that the amount of water for each plant remained relatively consistent. Pest and disease control was carried out according to the pest and disease situation, and no additional fertilizer was applied during the entire experiment.

[0091] Two months later, the plant height, crown width, crown width and chlorophyll content of the plants were measured: the plant height was measured from above the root matrix to below the plant apical bud using a tape measure, and the plant height of each treatment was the sum of the plant heights of all roses in that treatment (Σ 株高 ) and the number of rose plants in the treatment (n), that is, plant height = Σ 株高 / n; The stem diameter was measured using a 0.1 mm vernier caliper to measure the main stem at the bottom of the plant. The stem diameter of each treatment was the sum of the stem diameters of all roses in that treatment (Σ 茎粗 ) and the number of rose plants in the treatment (n), that is, stem diameter = Σ 茎粗 / n; canopy width is the maximum projection length of the plant in two directions measured by a tape measure and the average value is calculated; chlorophyll is directly measured and counted by a handheld SPAD chlorophyll meter, and the chlorophyll content of each treatment is the sum of the chlorophyll content of all roses in the treatment (Σ 叶绿素 ) and the number of rose plants in the treatment (n), that is, chlorophyll content = Σ 叶绿素含量 / n.

[0092] During the flowering period, the number of flowers, flower diameter, and single flower weight were observed and measured.

[0093] Among them, the number of flowers: directly observed and counted;

[0094] Flower diameter: Vernier caliper is used to measure the flower diameter on the first day when the flower is fully open;

[0095] Weight of a single flower: Cut the flower after it is fully open and use a scale to measure its weight. Each flower should be measured.

[0096] Two months later, soil samples of 0-30 cm were taken at 10 cm outside the roots of the rose plants using a ring knife and a small shovel for soil index determination: the soil bulk density and infiltration rate were determined using the ring knife method in LY / T 1215-1999 and LY / T 1218; the samples were air-dried, ground and sieved for later use, and the organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content and pH value of the collected soil were determined referring to Bao Shidan's method.

[0097] Among them, bulk density refers to the dry weight of soil per unit volume and is usually used to indicate the compactness of the soil.

[0098] Table 1 Rose growth and flowering index test

[0099]

[0100] Table 2 Physical and chemical properties test of rose planting soil

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] As shown in Table 1, compared with the blank control and comparative examples 1-7, the rose plant height, stem diameter, leaf SPAD (chlorophyll content in leaves), number of rose flowers, flower diameter, and single flower weight of Examples 1-3 were all improved, among which the rose plant height, stem diameter, leaf SPAD, number of rose flowers, flower diameter, and single flower weight of Example 3 were increased by 7.66%, 31.74%, 13.05%, 30.51%, 28.75% and 58.99% respectively compared with the blank control, and were also improved to varying degrees compared with the 5 comparative examples. The soil conditioner can promote the flowering of roses and significantly improve the quality of roses. The rose plant height, stem diameter, leaf SPAD, number of rose flowers, flower diameter, and single flower weight in Example 3 increased by 6.56%, 28.80%, 10.13%, 23.20%, 22.61%, and 34.76%, respectively, compared with the comparative example 5 containing only waste soil foam particles, indicating that the biochar, fulvic acid, and agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent in the soil conditioner promote the growth of rose plants and the quality of rose flowers.

[0104] The proportion of waste soil foaming particles is preferably 30-60 parts. Too little or too much will lead to a reduction in the promoting effect of the soil conditioner on the growth of rose plants and the quality of rose flowers. The rose plant height, stem thickness, leaf SPAD, rose flowering number, flower diameter, and single flower weight of Comparative Example 6 are reduced by 1.17%, 11.21%, 2.00%, 2.67%, 5.01%, and 9.68% respectively compared with Example 3; the rose plant height, stem thickness, leaf SPAD, rose flowering number, flower diameter, and single flower weight of Comparative Example 7 are reduced by 0.97%, 11.40%, 2.20%, 4.41%, 4.75%, and 8.33% respectively compared with Example 3.

[0105] As shown in Table 2, the bulk density of Example 3 is reduced to varying degrees compared with the blank control and comparative examples 1-5, among which the bulk density is reduced by 4.39% compared with the comparative example 4 without the waste soil foam particles. The soil water permeability of Example 3 is increased to varying degrees compared with the blank control and comparative examples 1-5, among which the soil water permeability is increased by 28.57% compared with the comparative example 4 without the waste soil foam particles. The function of the waste soil foam particles in improving the physical and chemical properties of the rose planting soil is significant. The contents of alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the rose planting soil of Example 3 were increased by 62.82%, 31.48% and 38.64% respectively compared with the blank control, and the contents of alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the rose planting soil of Example 3 were also improved to varying degrees compared with those in Comparative Examples 1-5, among which, the contents of alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the rose planting soil of Comparative Example 4 without the waste soil foaming particles were increased by 27.50%, 17.23% and 12.06% respectively, and the waste soil foaming particles had a significant effect on improving the fertilizer retention capacity of the rose planting soil. The bulk density of Example 3 is reduced by 2.68% compared with that of Comparative Example 5 containing only waste soil foam particles, the soil water permeability of Example 3 is increased by 22.73% compared with that of Comparative Example 5 containing only waste soil foam particles, and the alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium contents of the rose planting soil of Example 3 are increased by 44.90%, 28.94% and 36.53% respectively compared with those of Comparative Example 5 containing only waste soil foam particles, indicating that the biochar, biological fulvic acid and water retaining agent in the soil conditioner promote the growth of rose plants and the quality of rose flowers.

[0106] The proportion of the waste soil foaming particles is preferably 30-60 parts. Too little or too much will lead to a reduced soil improvement effect. Too little will lead to a higher bulk density and lower water permeability of the planting soil, and the water and fertilizer retention effect will be weakened. In Comparative Example 6, only the amount of waste soil foaming particles added is reduced compared with Example 3. The bulk density of the rose planting soil is increased by 1.85%, the water permeability of the rose planting soil in Example 3 is reduced by 37.04%, and the alkaline nitrogen, effective phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content of the rose planting soil in Example 3 are reduced by 3.98%, 10.74% and 2.31%, respectively. When there are too many waste soil foaming particles, although the bulk density is reduced and the water permeability is increased, the nutrient improvement effect is poor. Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 7 only increased the amount of waste soil foamed particles added, and the bulk density of the rose planting soil was reduced by 2.75%; the water permeability of the rose planting soil was increased by 14.81% compared with that of Example 3; but the alkaline nitrogen of the rose planting soil in Comparative Example 7 was only increased by 2.64% compared with that of Example 3.

[0107] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 30-60 parts of waste soil foam particles, 15-30 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid and 0.5-2 parts of water retaining agent.

2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that In the fermented organic fertilizer, the mass proportion of organic matter on a dry basis is not less than 30%; and / or, In the fermented organic fertilizer, the mass proportion of nutrients is not less than 4%.

3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The density of the waste soil foamed particles is 0.45-0.65 g / cm 3 .

4. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The water retaining agent comprises at least one of polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide and starch-polyacrylamide.

5. A method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, mixing engineering waste soil, a foaming agent and ethanol to obtain a precursor; S20, sintering the precursor to obtain waste soil foam particles; S30, mixing the waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid, water retaining agent and fermented organic fertilizer; Get soil conditioner.

6. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S10, the mass ratio of the engineering waste soil to the foaming agent is (2.5-3.5):

1.

7. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S10, the foaming agent includes 3-5 parts of borax, 3-5 parts of silica fume and 1-3 parts of sodium bicarbonate in parts by weight.

8. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S20, the sintering is specifically as follows: firstly, the temperature is raised to 400-420°C, maintained for 20-25 minutes; then, the temperature is raised to 820-880°C, maintained for 20-25 minutes, and then naturally cooled to room temperature; and / or, The porosity of the waste soil foamed particles is not less than 45%, and the average pore size is 0.300-0.550 mm. The content of SiO2 in the waste soil foamed particles is 40.50-55.50 wt%, the content of Al2O3 is 25.00-35.00 wt%, and the content of Fe2O3 is 2.50-5.50 wt%.

9. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermented organic fertilizer, waste soil foaming particles, biochar, biochemical fulvic acid and water retaining agent must be crushed before use; The particle size of the fermented organic fertilizer does not exceed 2 mm; and / or, The particle size of the waste soil foamed particles does not exceed 5 mm; and / or, The particle size of the biochar does not exceed 0.15 mm; and / or, The particle size of the biochemical fulvic acid does not exceed 0.15 mm; and / or, The particle size of the water retaining agent does not exceed 2 mm.

10. Application of a soil conditioner in rose planting, characterized in that: The soil conditioner includes the soil conditioner as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or the soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the soil conditioner as described in any one of claims 5 to 9.

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