Vehicle-mounted multichannel transient electromagnetic observation system and observation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of physical exploration, and discloses a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system and an observation system.The observation system comprises a tractor providing traction power, a dragging observation platform connected with the tractor through a traction component, and a transceiving controller placed in the tractor, the transceiving controller comprises a multi-channel transmitting system and a multi-channel receiving system; the towed observation platform is used for carrying at least five receiving and transmitting integrated antennas, and the receiving and transmitting integrated antennas are arranged on the towed platform in an array mode; the multi-channel transmitting system is used for providing bipolar current signals for the receiving and transmitting integrated antenna; the multi-channel receiving system is used for receiving transient electromagnetic signals fed back from the underground through the receiving and transmitting integrated antenna; the transient electromagnetic observation system solves the problems that an existing transient electromagnetic observation system is low in detection efficiency and poor in measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of physical exploration technology, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system and an observation method. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional application of transient electromagnetic detection technology, the "one-transmit-multiple-receive" observation method is usually adopted. This method relies on an electric dipole source to emit a pulsed magnetic field, and multiple electric dipole receivers are arranged at different positions to receive the secondary field signal generated by the underground medium. Although this traditional observation method is relatively simple in operation and can quickly cover a large detection area, it has some obvious limitations. Due to the singleness of the transmitting source and the limitations of the receiver layout, this method is difficult to simultaneously obtain underground information in multiple directions and depths. Especially in areas with large offsets or angle deviations, the signal may be significantly weakened, resulting in limited data acquisition density and resolution. In addition, since multiple receivers receive signals from the same transmitting source at the same time, signals may interfere with each other between different receivers, which may cause confusion during data analysis, thereby reducing the resolution of the signal. This interference not only affects the fine detection of underground structures, but also limits the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.

[0003] At present, most observation devices rely on manual deployment, which involves not only the transportation and installation of a large amount of equipment, but also the subsequent data recording and collection. The inherent limitations of manual deployment have greatly affected the overall efficiency of exploration, increased exploration costs, and also limited the flexibility and response speed of exploration work. It can be seen that the existing transient electromagnetic observation system has the problems of low detection efficiency and poor measurement accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system and an observation method, so as to solve the problems of low detection efficiency and poor measurement accuracy in the existing transient electromagnetic observation system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system, the observation system comprising: a tractor providing traction power, a towed observation platform connected to the tractor via a traction component, a transceiver controller placed in the tractor, the transceiver controller comprising a multi-channel transmitting system and a multi-channel receiving system; A towed observation platform, used for carrying a transceiver antenna, wherein the transceiver antenna comprises at least five antennas, and the transceiver antennas are arranged in an array on the towed platform; A multi-channel transmitting system for providing a bipolar current signal to a transmitting and receiving integrated antenna; A multi-channel receiving system for receiving transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underground through a transceiver-integrated antenna; The transceiver integrated antenna comprises a dual-source transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the dual-source transmitting antenna is used to transmit a positive and negative current signal according to a bipolar current signal provided by the multi-channel transmitting system, and the receiving antenna is used to receive a transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underground; The mobile terminal is connected to the transceiver controller and is used to set acquisition parameters, send acquisition instructions and multi-channel display.

[0006] Optionally, the towed observation platform includes rollers, storage grooves and a lifting adjustment rod, and the lifting adjustment rod is used to adjust the height of the transceiver antenna.

[0007] Optionally, the multi-channel transmission system of the transceiver controller includes an ARM processor, an Ethernet controller, an FPGA programmable controller, an output power amplifier, and a MOSFET drive circuit.

[0008] Optionally, the multi-channel receiving system of the transceiver controller includes an ARM processor, an Ethernet controller, an FPGA programmable controller, a programmable adjustable gain differential amplifier, and an ADC.

[0009] Optionally, the data acquisition software configured in the mobile terminal has the functions of setting acquisition parameters, sending acquisition instructions and multi-channel display.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an observation method of the vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system in the first aspect, the method comprising: s1. Lay out detection lines in the target detection area and use a tractor to tow the observation platform along the predetermined detection route; s2. According to the detection requirements, set the data collection parameters in the mobile terminal, including but not limited to the collection frequency and the number of superpositions; s3. The primary electromagnetic signal of the set frequency is transmitted through the transmitting system, and the signal frequency is adjusted to meet the detection requirements of different depths; s4. Collect the secondary field electromagnetic signal fed back from underground through the receiving system and transmit it to the mobile terminal in real time. The mobile terminal displays the multi-channel data attenuation curve; s5. After the collection is completed, save the data. The data is stored in a digital format for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0011] Optionally, laying out the detection line includes using a GPS positioning system to determine the precise position of the detection line to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the detection line.

[0012] Optionally, the frequency of the primary field electromagnetic signal emitted by the transmitting system can be adjusted according to different underground structure characteristics to optimize the detection effect.

[0013] Optionally, the secondary field electromagnetic signal collected by the receiving system is processed by digital filtering to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal and reduce interference from environmental noise.

[0014] Optionally, the multi-channel data attenuation curve displayed by the mobile terminal can be used to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of the underground structure in real time, providing intuitive data analysis for the exploration of the underground structure.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system provided by the present invention can be quickly deployed and moved through the vehicle-mounted platform, which greatly reduces the time and labor intensity of equipment transportation and installation compared with the traditional manual deployment method. The system can observe multiple measuring points in parallel at one time, so that the detection efficiency is significantly improved. This highly efficient detection method is particularly suitable for large-scale geological exploration tasks and can complete detailed detection of a wide area in a short time.

[0016] At the same time, the system adopts array independent observation mode and combined observation mode, and transmits and receives signals simultaneously through multiple self-contained antenna units, which effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio and energy of the signal. This design not only enhances the detection depth of underground structures, but also improves the observation resolution of shallow and deep layers, making the detection results more accurate and reliable.

[0017] It is worth mentioning that the data acquisition software configured in the mobile terminal has powerful data processing and analysis functions, and can display and record multi-channel data attenuation curves in real time. Operators can use these data for real-time analysis and quickly identify the electromagnetic characteristics of underground structures, thereby providing intuitive and accurate data analysis results for geological exploration. In addition, the digital data storage format also facilitates subsequent data processing and long-term preservation, improving the availability and reuse value of data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a transceiver control system placed in a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1. tractor; 11. mobile terminal; 12. transceiver controller; 13. Ethernet cable; 2. traction components; 3. towed observation platform; 31. transceiver antenna; 32. adjustable lifting rod; 33. roller; 4. separate cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one" or "one" do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system, the observation system comprising: a tractor providing traction power, a towing observation platform connected to the tractor via a traction component, a transceiver controller placed in the tractor, the transceiver controller comprising a multi-channel transmitting system and a multi-channel receiving system; A towed observation platform, used for carrying a transceiver antenna, wherein the transceiver antenna comprises at least five antennas, and the transceiver antennas are arranged in an array on the towed platform; A multi-channel transmitting system for providing a bipolar current signal to a transmitting and receiving integrated antenna; A multi-channel receiving system for receiving transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underground through a transceiver-integrated antenna; The transceiver integrated antenna comprises a dual-source transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the dual-source transmitting antenna is used to transmit a positive and negative current signal according to a bipolar current signal provided by the multi-channel transmitting system, and the receiving antenna is used to receive a transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underground; The mobile terminal is connected to the transceiver controller and is used to set acquisition parameters, send acquisition instructions and multi-channel display.

[0022] Figure 1 ,2 A block diagram and a side view of a vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown. The observation system comprises a tractor 1, a tractor component 2 and a towed observation platform 3. A transceiver controller 12 and a mobile terminal 11 connected to the transceiver controller 12 via an Ethernet cable 13 are placed on the tractor 1. The tractor 1 is connected to the towed observation platform 3 via the tractor component 2, so that the tractor 1 provides traction for the towed observation platform 3 to move along a set measurement line.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the tractor 1 is the core mobile platform of the vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system, ensuring that the towed observation platform 3 can travel on a specific terrain according to a predetermined route at a speed corresponding to the set transmission frequency. The traction device is designed with an automatically adjustable hook to ensure that the connection with the towed observation platform 3 can remain stable and safe under various terrain conditions.

[0024] The traction component 2 is made of lightweight and high-strength fiberglass, which has excellent electromagnetic wave penetration, thereby minimizing interference with transient electromagnetic signals. The length of the traction component 2 is greater than 5m to ensure the docking between the tractor 1 and the towed observation platform 3, and the observation signal is not affected by the tractor. The connection part of the component uses high-strength stainless steel fasteners to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection. In addition, the traction component 2 not only provides a stable connection between the tractor 1 and the towed observation platform 3, but also ensures the efficiency and reliability of the entire observation system during field operations.

[0025] Furthermore, the towed observation platform 3 is made of materials with excellent insulation properties and has an extremely low dielectric constant, which ensures the pure observation and transmission of electromagnetic signals. The towed observation platform 3 is provided with a storage groove that can stably carry five transceiver antennas 31 arranged in an array. In addition, the towed observation platform 3 is provided with an adjustable lifting rod 32, and the device structure realizes stepless adjustment of the antenna height within the range of 0.1m to 0.5m to meet the requirements of different detection area environments.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom of the towed observation platform 3 is equipped with four rollers 33, the front wheels are two universal wheels, and the rear wheels are two directional wheels, which provide low-friction rolling and ensure that the platform can move smoothly on uneven ground.

[0027] Furthermore, the transceiver controller 12 is connected to the transceiver antenna 31 through a separate cable 4, and the cable output parameters are set by the mobile terminal 11. The multi-channel first field signal generated by the transmitting system in the transceiver controller 12 is transmitted to the dual-source transmitting coil in the five transceiver antennas 31 arranged in an array, and the multi-channel secondary field signal collected by the receiving coil is input to the receiving system in the transceiver controller 12.

[0028] Furthermore, the transceiver controller 12 in the embodiment of the present invention is compactly installed in the tractor. Figure 3 As shown, it includes a multi-channel transmitting system and a multi-channel receiving system. The multi-channel transmitting system uses a high-performance ARM and FPGA combination as the core processing module of the transmitting system, communicates with the mobile terminal through Ethernet, and ensures the accuracy of the transmitting frequency through a high-precision crystal oscillator. The core processing module sends a PWM waveform control signal to the power tube drive circuit to drive the full-bridge circuit composed of MOSFET power tubes to generate a bipolar signal, which is amplified by the output power amplifier and sent to five array-arranged antennas through five channels for transmission. At the same time, the current and falling edge signal acquisition circuit feeds back the collected falling edge signal to the system core processing module composed of a high-performance ARM and FPGA combination, and enters the mobile terminal through Ethernet to control the multi-channel receiving system to enter the data acquisition mode. During the acquisition, the five external array-arranged receiving antennas receive the secondary field magnetic signal, which is input into the acquisition processing circuit through five independent channels, amplified by the programmable adjustable gain differential amplifier, and then enters the ADC for analog-to-digital conversion processing. The converted digital signal is input into the FPGA, and is simultaneously transferred to the SDRAM cache area, and finally the data is synchronously transferred to the data storage area through the Ethernet controller.

[0029] The transceiver antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is designed with a dual-source transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna to achieve pure observation of transient electromagnetic secondary field signals. The dual-source transmitting antenna is composed of two sets of coils, each with a diameter of 0.3m. The forward and reverse current signals are transmitted at a set frequency through the transceiver controller. The current intensity can reach up to 10A, and the frequency range is between 0.1Hz and 250Hz. The receiving antenna uses a highly sensitive fluxgate sensor with a diameter of 0.2m, which is precisely placed on the zero flux plane of the dual-source transmitting antenna, that is, the position where the magnetic fields generated by the two transmitting coils cancel each other, thereby minimizing self-interference.

[0030] The mobile terminal of the embodiment of the present invention is a computer connected to the transceiver controller via an Ethernet cable. The computer runs a customized data acquisition software. The user interface of the software is intuitive and easy to use, allowing the operator to set acquisition parameters, including the transmission frequency range of 0.1Hz~250Hz. The software sends acquisition instructions to the transceiver controller to control the start and end of data acquisition. At the same time, the software has a 5-channel real-time data display function that can display the data attenuation curve in real time.

[0031] Based on the multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a corresponding observation method. Figure 4 Shown, the specific method steps: s1. First, use high-precision GPS positioning equipment to determine the coordinates of the detection area, and plan the best detection route according to geological exploration requirements and terrain conditions. Then, the tractor tows the observation platform along the planned route. During the journey, the driving speed of the tractor can be set according to the selected frequency, number of superpositions, and the measured point distance. Formula (1): ; (1) in, is the tractor vehicle speed, To set the frequency, is the distance between the measuring points, To set the number of superpositions.

[0032] s2. Start the data acquisition software on the mobile terminal, and then set the signal frequency range according to the specific geological conditions and expected depth of the exploration target. The range can be selected from 0.1Hz to 250Hz to match different underground medium characteristics. In addition, set the number of acquisition stacking times to control the data acquisition density and achieve high-precision monitoring of underground structure changes. After setting these parameters, the software will automatically synchronize these parameters to the transceiver controller via Ethernet to ensure that the transmitting system and the receiving system can perform operations according to the set parameters.

[0033] s3. After confirming that the data acquisition parameter settings are correct on the mobile terminal, issue an acquisition command on the mobile terminal and send instructions to the transceiver controller via Ethernet. Immediately, the transmission system in the transceiver controller is started, and the ARM processor and FPGA programmable controller work together to control the output power amplifier and MOSFET drive circuit according to the preset parameters to generate a bipolar current signal of a specific frequency. The transmission system transmits these current signals to the dual-source transmitting antenna, which is radiated by the antenna to form a primary field electromagnetic signal. These signals penetrate the surface and enter the underground medium, providing the necessary excitation source for detecting underground structures. During the transmission process, the system will monitor the stability and transmission status of the signal in real time to ensure the quality and coverage of the signal, so as to optimize the detection effect and prepare for the next step of data collection.

[0034] s4. When the primary field electromagnetic signal is emitted and penetrates underground, the underground medium will respond, forming a secondary field electromagnetic signal and feeding it back to the ground. At this time, the receiving antenna in the transceiver antenna quickly captures these signals, which are first amplified by the programmable adjustable gain differential amplifier, and then enter the ADC for analog-to-digital conversion processing. The converted digital signal is input to the FPGA and transferred to the SDRAM cache at the same time. Finally, the data is synchronously transferred to the data storage area through the Ethernet controller. The stored data is transmitted to the mobile terminal in real time via Ethernet. The terminal is equipped with high-speed data processing capabilities, capable of processing large amounts of data and generating multi-channel data attenuation curves. These multi-channel data attenuation curves are displayed in real time on the mobile terminal, allowing the operator to intuitively monitor the changes in the signal. Through this real-time monitoring, the operator can adjust the detection strategy in a timely manner to ensure the quality and efficiency of data acquisition.

[0035] s5. After completing data collection, store the data in a digital format.

[0036] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system, characterized in that: The observation system comprises: a tractor providing traction power, a towed observation platform connected to the tractor via a traction component, a transceiver controller placed in the tractor, and the transceiver controller comprises a multi-channel transmitting system and a multi-channel receiving system; A towed observation platform, used to carry a transceiver antenna, wherein the transceiver antenna comprises at least five antennas, and the transceiver antennas are arranged in an array on the towed platform; A multi-channel transmitting system for providing a bipolar current signal to a transmitting and receiving integrated antenna; A multi-channel receiving system for receiving transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underground through a transceiver-integrated antenna; The transceiver integrated antenna comprises a dual-source transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the dual-source transmitting antenna is used to transmit a positive and negative current signal according to a bipolar current signal provided by the multi-channel transmitting system, and the receiving antenna is used to receive a transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underground; The mobile terminal is connected to the transceiver controller and is used to set acquisition parameters, send acquisition instructions and multi-channel display.

2. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The towing observation platform comprises a roller, a storage groove and a lifting adjustment rod, and the lifting adjustment rod is used to adjust the height of the transmitting and receiving integrated antenna.

3. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-channel transmitting system of the transceiver controller comprises an ARM processor, an Ethernet controller, an FPGA programmable controller, an output power amplifier, and a MOSFET driving circuit.

4. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel receiving system of the transceiver controller comprises an ARM processor, an Ethernet controller, an FPGA programmable controller, a programmable adjustable gain differential amplifier, and an ADC.

5. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition software configured in the mobile terminal has the functions of setting acquisition parameters, sending acquisition instructions and multi-channel display.

6. An observation method using the vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: s1. Lay out detection lines in the target detection area and use a tractor to tow the observation platform along the predetermined detection route; s2. According to the detection requirements, set the data collection parameters in the mobile terminal, including but not limited to the collection frequency and the number of superpositions; s3. The primary electromagnetic signal of the set frequency is transmitted through the transmitting system, and the signal frequency is adjusted to meet the detection requirements of different depths; s4. Collect the secondary field electromagnetic signal fed back from underground through the receiving system and transmit it to the mobile terminal in real time. The mobile terminal displays the multi-channel data attenuation curve; s5. After the collection is completed, save the data. The data is stored in a digital format for subsequent analysis and processing.

7. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laying out of the detection line includes using a GPS positioning system to determine the precise position of the detection line, thereby ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the detection line.

8. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frequency of the primary field electromagnetic signal emitted by the transmitting system can be adjusted according to different underground structure characteristics to optimize the detection effect.

9. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary field electromagnetic signal collected by the receiving system is processed by digital filtering to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal and reduce the interference of environmental noise.

10. The vehicle-mounted multi-channel transient electromagnetic observation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-channel data attenuation curve displayed by the mobile terminal can be used to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of underground structures in real time, providing intuitive data analysis for the exploration of underground structures.

Images