Distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device and a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching method. The system comprises a communication module unit, a data processing unit and a switching execution unit. In the data processing unit, an environment sensing unit receives state data of the communication module unit, and a PICO unit processes link state data and uploads the link state data to an MCU unit for processing; the data encryption unit is used for encrypting and decrypting transmission data; the data caching unit is used for storing data transmitted during communication abnormity or switching and reissuing the data after communication recovery; and the MCU processing unit executes a link switching strategy according to the data processed by the PICO unit, and controls the switching execution unit to switch when detecting that the quality of the current main communication link is reduced to be below a preset threshold value. According to the invention, automatic and rapid switching in different network environments is realized, and the transmission stability and efficiency of the monitoring data of the power distribution network are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grids, the demand for monitoring distribution networks is increasing, and higher requirements are placed on the real-time, accuracy and reliability of data transmission. However, due to the wide coverage and complex environment of the distribution network, a single communication method is difficult to meet the needs of all scenarios. For example, although optical fiber communication is fast, it is costly and difficult to deploy in remote areas; PLC (power line carrier communication) uses existing power grid resources but has limited bandwidth; long-distance wireless communication (LoRa, 4G / 5G) is flexible and convenient but susceptible to interference; short-distance wireless communication (Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi) is easy to arrange, has low power consumption, but has too many categories and cannot meet the switching of multiple scenarios, especially in rural and remote areas. Therefore, how to dynamically select the optimal communication path according to the actual network conditions, achieve smooth switching between heterogeneous networks, and improve the reliability and real-time performance of distribution network data transmission has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problem or at least partially solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device and method.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device, comprising:

[0005] Communication module unit, which integrates at least two communication modules, including but not limited to LoRa module, 4G / 5G module, Bluetooth module, ZigBee module, Wi-Fi module, PLC communication module, to support multiple communication protocols

[0006] The data processing unit includes: an MCU processing unit, a PICO unit, and an environment perception unit; the environment perception unit is used to receive status data of the communication module unit, and the status data of the communication module unit includes signal quality, delay, packet loss rate and bandwidth data; the PICO unit is used to process the link status data collected by the environment perception unit and upload it to the MCU unit for processing; the MCU processing unit executes a link switching strategy according to the data processed by the PICO unit, and when it is detected that the quality of the current main communication link drops below a preset threshold, the MCU processing unit issues a switching instruction;

[0007] Switching execution unit: The switching execution unit includes a communication switch switching circuit, which connects various communication modules to switch between communication modules according to the switching instructions issued by the MCU processing unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the power management module: the power management module ensures stable power supply for the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication switching device; the power management module includes an ACDC power module, a DCDC power module, and a DCDC conversion logic array unit; the ACDC power module converts AC power into a DC voltage of 12V; the DCDC power module converts the DC voltage of 12V into a DC 7V voltage, and provides it to the DCDC conversion logic array unit for power supply; the DCDC conversion logic array unit converts the DC 7V voltage and supplies power to each module unit of the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device.

[0009] Furthermore, the enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit is connected to the MCU processing unit via a power enable circuit. When the target communication module needs to work, the MCU processing unit controls the corresponding enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit to be enabled via the power enable circuit to supply power to the target communication module.

[0010] Furthermore, the communication module unit includes various communication modules, modular interfaces, multi-frequency antenna circuits, and dynamic frequency adjustment circuits; the multi-frequency antenna circuit includes an optional resonant LC circuit trap and a dipole antenna adapted to different frequencies, and is used to select the resonant LC circuit trap to connect the dipole antenna to adapt to wireless communications in different frequency bands; the dynamic tuner is used to adaptively match impedance matching and antenna parameters at the matching frequency.

[0011] Furthermore, the data processing unit includes a data encryption unit and a data cache unit. The data encryption unit is used to encrypt and decrypt the transmitted data; the data cache unit is used to save the data transmitted during communication anomalies or switching, and resend it after the communication is restored.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching method, which is applied to the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device, including: setting a quality threshold for each communication link;

[0013] The environment perception unit obtains the status of each preset communication link, which includes: signal strength of the communication link, delay of the communication link, packet loss rate of the communication link and bandwidth of the communication link; the PICO unit processes the loading data collected by the environment perception unit and uploads it to the MCU processing unit;

[0014] Determine the quality of the current communication link based on the status of each communication link:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, S represents the average signal strength, P represents the packet loss rate, D represents the average delay, B represents the bandwidth, W1, W2, W3, and W4 are the signal strength weight, packet loss rate weight, delay weight, and bandwidth weight respectively;

[0017] When the quality of the primary link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to the backup link selected based on expected quality and priority.

[0018] Furthermore, the PICO unit cleans and formats the status of each communication link collected by the environmental perception unit to remove outliers and noise; converts data from different sources and formats into a unified format for subsequent processing and analysis; scales the data to a standardized range to eliminate differences between different dimensions; and extracts key features from the preprocessed data, including average signal strength, average delay, packet loss rate, and bandwidth.

[0019] Furthermore, for data transmitted during communication anomalies or switching, the data cache unit stores data packets of different formats for all communication links, and selects a backup link. After communication is restored, the data packets of the backup link are used to resend the data packets. After the data packets of any content are successfully resent, the data packets of the remaining formats of the content are cleared.

[0020] Furthermore, the pre-trained long short-term memory network predicts the expected quality of the communication link based on the current data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions. The long short-term memory network takes the data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions as inputs, takes the historical average signal strength, average delay and packet loss rate as outputs, and establishes a connection between the input and the output.

[0021] Furthermore, after the switch is executed, the actual quality of the backup link under the current data transmission conditions, environmental conditions and link conditions continues to be monitored, and the long short-term memory network is adjusted using the new data.

[0022] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] The present invention relates to a heterogeneous fusion communication switching device and method for distribution network monitoring. The environment perception unit obtains the status of each pre-set communication link, and the status of the communication link includes: the signal strength of the communication link, the delay of the communication link, the packet loss rate of the communication link and the bandwidth of the communication link; the PICO unit processes the loading data collected by the environment perception unit and uniformly uploads it to the MCU processing unit; the quality of the current communication link is determined based on the status of each communication link; when the quality of the main link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to a backup link selected based on expected quality and priority. This application integrates multiple communication methods and combines algorithms to dynamically select the optimal communication path link, thereby realizing automatic and rapid switching in different network environments, and significantly improving the transmission stability and efficiency of distribution network monitoring data. It is of great significance to promote the development of smart grids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a self-switching device for heterogeneous converged communication monitoring in a distribution network;

[0027] Figure 2 Flowchart for self-switching of heterogeneous converged communications for distribution network monitoring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0030] The present invention relates to a heterogeneous fusion communication switching device and method for distribution network monitoring, which integrates multiple communication modes and dynamically selects the optimal communication path link in combination with an algorithm, thereby realizing automatic and rapid switching under different network environments, and significantly improving the transmission stability and efficiency of distribution network monitoring data. It is of great significance to promote the development of smart grids.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a distribution network communication system, and in particular to a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device capable of realizing seamless switching between multiple communication modes, including but not limited to the following components:

[0033] Power management module: The power management module ensures stable power supply for the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication switching device and supports low-power operation mode. The power management module includes an ACDC power module, a DCDC power module, and a DCDC conversion logic array unit. The ACDC power module converts AC power (such as 220V) into a DC voltage of 12V. ACDC is connected to the subsequent power supply in a plug-in form to adapt to different application environments. The DCDC power module converts the DC voltage of 12V into a DC 7V voltage and provides it to the DCDC conversion logic array unit for power supply. The DCDC conversion logic array unit converts the DC 7V voltage and supplies power to each module unit of the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device.

[0034] In a specific implementation process, the enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit is connected to the MCU processing unit via a power enable circuit. When the target communication module needs to work, the MCU processing unit controls the corresponding enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit to be enabled via the power enable circuit to supply power to the target communication module. In this way, the communication module that is not working will not be powered on, and the power consumption is low.

[0035] Communication module unit: The communication module unit integrates at least two communication modules, including but not limited to LoRa module, 4G / 5G module, Bluetooth module, ZigBee module, Wi-Fi module, PLC communication module, to support multiple communication protocols. The communication module unit includes various communication modules, modular interfaces, multi-frequency antenna circuits, and dynamic frequency adjustment circuits; the multi-frequency antenna circuits include optional resonant LC circuit traps and dipole antennas adapted to different frequencies, which are used to select the resonant LC circuit trap to connect the dipole antenna to adapt to wireless communications in different frequency bands; the dynamic tuner is used to adaptively match impedance matching and antenna parameters at the matching frequency.

[0036] The data processing unit includes an MCU processing unit, a PICO unit, an environment perception unit, a data encryption unit and a data cache unit. The MCU processing unit is the core part of the data processing unit, and adopts a chip with an ultra-high main frequency and a large memory for program operation. The PICO unit is a Raspberry Pi high-speed processing chip, which is used to process the communication link status data of the environment perception and upload it to the MCU processing unit for processing. The environment perception unit is used to receive the communication link status data of the communication module unit, and the communication link status data of the communication module unit includes signal quality, delay, bandwidth and packet loss rate data. The data encryption unit is used to encrypt and decrypt the transmission data to ensure the security of the data. The data cache unit is used to save the real-time transmission data when the communication is judged to be in an abnormal state. When the network fluctuates or switches, the data can be temporarily cached to avoid data loss, and reissued after the network is restored. The MCU processing unit executes the link switching strategy according to the data processed by the PICO unit. When it is detected that the quality of the current main communication link drops below the preset threshold, the MCU processing unit issues a switching instruction.

[0037] Switching execution unit: When the quality of the current main communication link is detected to drop below a preset threshold, the MCU processing unit issues a switching instruction, and quickly switches to the backup link through the switching execution unit to ensure that data transmission is not interrupted. The switching execution unit includes a power enabling circuit of each communication module and a communication switch switching circuit.

[0038] The power enable circuit is electrically connected to the enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit, and the MCU processing unit sends an enable signal to the enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit through the power enable circuit. When the target communication module needs to work, the MCU processing unit controls the corresponding enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit to enable through the power enable circuit, and supplies power to the target communication module.

[0039] The workflow of this application is as follows:

[0040] Equipment initialization: When the device is powered on, it first enters the initialization phase. The main task of this phase is to ensure that all components and modules are in normal working condition and are ready for subsequent operations.

[0041] Self-check: Each communication module performs self-check to confirm that the hardware is in good condition and there are no faults. Status reporting: After each communication module completes the self-check, it reports the current status information (including module type and supported communication protocols) to the data processing unit.

[0042] System initialization: After receiving the status information of each module, the MCU processing unit performs system initialization settings, including configuring network parameters and setting the initial communication link.

[0043] The status of the communication link is the basis for realizing intelligent switching. The status of each communication link is obtained and monitored to provide data support for subsequent decision-making. The status of the communication link includes: the signal strength of the communication link, the delay of the communication link, the packet loss rate of the communication link and the bandwidth of the communication link. The signal strength is measured in dBm, and the larger the value, the stronger the signal. The delay indicates the time required for data packet transmission. The smaller the delay value, the faster the data transmission. The packet loss rate is the number of packet losses during the transmission process and the total number of transmitted data packets. The bandwidth unit is Mb ps, which indicates the effective flow of the communication link. The larger the bandwidth value, the higher the transmission capacity.

[0044] Based on the state data of the communication link collected by the environment perception unit, the PICO unit is used to process the link state data collected by the environment perception unit and upload it to the MCU unit for processing. The PICO unit and the MCU unit perform decision analysis and formulate the optimal link switching strategy. The process of link switching strategy includes:

[0045] Setting a quality threshold for each communication link;

[0046] The communication links are divided into wired communication and wireless communication, and the wireless communication is classified into priority levels according to short-range wireless communication and long-range wireless communication.

[0047] The PICO unit cleans and formats the status of each communication link collected by the environmental perception unit to remove outliers and noise, such as signal strength suddenly becoming negative or delay time exceeding a reasonable range. Convert data from different sources and formats into a unified format for subsequent processing and analysis. Data normalization: Scale the data to a standardized range to eliminate differences between different dimensions. Extract key features from the preprocessed data, such as average signal strength, average delay, and packet loss rate; Average signal strength: Calculate the average signal strength of each communication link within a certain period of time. Average delay: Record the average time required for a data packet to be sent and received.

[0048] Determine the quality of the current communication link based on the status of each communication link:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, S represents the average signal strength, P represents the packet loss rate, D represents the average delay, B represents the bandwidth, W1, W2, W3, and W4 are the signal strength weight, packet loss rate weight, delay weight, and bandwidth weight respectively;

[0051] The pre-trained long short-term memory network predicts the expected quality of the communication link based on the current data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions. The long short-term memory network takes the data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions as inputs, takes the historical average signal strength, average delay and packet loss rate as outputs, and establishes a connection between the input and the output.

[0052] When the quality of the primary link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to the backup link selected based on expected quality and priority.

[0053] After the decision is made, the switching execution phase begins. The task of this phase is to quickly and accurately complete the switching of the communication link according to the formulated switching strategy to ensure that data transmission is not interrupted. The specific steps are as follows: The MCU processing unit of the data processing unit sends a switching instruction to the switching execution unit, and the switching instruction contains the backup link to be switched to. The switching execution unit executes the switching instruction, immediately disconnects the current main link connection, and establishes a connection with the backup link. During the link switching process, ensure that the data packets to be transmitted can be correctly redirected to the new communication link to avoid data loss. After the link switching is completed, update the status information of each communication link, including the currently used communication link, signal strength, bandwidth and delay parameters.

[0054] After the switch is executed, the actual quality of the backup link under the current data transmission conditions, environmental conditions and link conditions continues to be monitored, and the long short-term memory network is adjusted using the new data.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching method, which is applied to the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device, comprising:

[0057] A quality threshold is set for each communication link; the communication links are differentiated into wired communication and wireless communication, and the wireless communication is prioritized into short-range wireless communication and long-range wireless communication.

[0058] The environmental perception unit obtains the status of each pre-set communication link, which includes: signal strength of the communication link, delay of the communication link, packet loss rate of the communication link and bandwidth of the communication link; the PICO unit processes the loading data collected by the environmental perception unit and uploads it to the MCU processing unit; in the specific implementation process, the PICO unit cleans and formats the status of each communication link collected by the environmental perception unit to remove outliers and noise; converts data from different sources and formats into a unified format for subsequent processing and analysis; scales the data to a standardized range to eliminate differences between different dimensions; and extracts key features from the preprocessed data, including average signal strength, average delay, packet loss rate and bandwidth.

[0059] Determine the quality of the current communication link based on the status of each communication link:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, S represents the average signal strength, P represents the packet loss rate, D represents the average delay, B represents the bandwidth, W1, W2, W3, and W4 are the signal strength weight, packet loss rate weight, delay weight, and bandwidth weight respectively;

[0062] The pre-trained long short-term memory network predicts the expected quality of the communication link based on the current data transmission conditions, link conditions of each communication link and environmental conditions; the long short-term memory network takes the data transmission conditions, link conditions of each communication link and environmental conditions as input, takes the historical average signal strength, average delay and packet loss rate as output, and establishes the connection between the input and output. After the switch is executed, the actual quality of the backup link under the current data transmission conditions, environmental conditions and link conditions is continuously monitored, and the long short-term memory network is adjusted using the new data.

[0063] When the quality of the main link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to a backup link selected based on expected quality and priority; for data transmitted during communication abnormalities or switching, the data cache unit stores data packets of different formats for all communication links, and when a backup link is selected and communication is restored, the data packets adapted to the backup link are resent. After a data packet of any content is successfully resent, the data packets of the remaining formats of the content are cleared.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device is implemented, including:

[0066] Setting a quality threshold for each communication link;

[0067] The environment perception unit obtains the status of each preset communication link, which includes: signal strength of the communication link, delay of the communication link, packet loss rate of the communication link and bandwidth of the communication link; the PICO unit processes the loading data collected by the environment perception unit and uploads it to the MCU processing unit;

[0068] Determine the quality of the current communication link based on the status of each communication link:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, S represents the average signal strength, P represents the packet loss rate, D represents the average delay, B represents the bandwidth, W1, W2, W3, and W4 are the signal strength weight, packet loss rate weight, delay weight, and bandwidth weight respectively;

[0071] When the quality of the primary link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to the backup link selected based on expected quality and priority.

[0072] A computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention stores a computer program which is not limited to the method operations described above, but can also execute related operations in a distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the description division of the circuit is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling shown or discussed can be indirect coupling through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0074] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device, characterized in that: include: Communication module unit, which integrates at least two communication modules, including but not limited to LoRa module, 4G / 5G module, Bluetooth module, ZigBee module, Wi-Fi module, PLC communication module, to support multiple communication protocols The data processing unit includes: an MCU processing unit, a PICO unit, and an environment perception unit; the environment perception unit is used to receive status data of the communication module unit, and the status data of the communication module unit includes signal quality, delay, packet loss rate and bandwidth data; the PICO unit is used to process the link status data collected by the environment perception unit and upload it to the MCU unit for processing; the MCU processing unit executes a link switching strategy according to the data processed by the PICO unit, and when it is detected that the quality of the current main communication link drops below a preset threshold, the MCU processing unit issues a switching instruction; Switching execution unit: The switching execution unit includes a communication switch switching circuit, which connects various communication modules to switch between communication modules according to the switching instructions issued by the MCU processing unit.

2. According to claim 1, the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device is characterized in that: Power management module: The power management module ensures stable power supply for the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication switching device; the power management module includes an ACDC power module, a DCDC power module, and a DCDC conversion logic array unit; the ACDC power module converts AC power into a DC voltage of 12V; the DCDC power module converts the DC voltage of 12V into a DC 7V voltage, and provides power to the DCDC conversion logic array unit; the DCDC conversion logic array unit converts the DC 7V voltage and supplies power to each module unit of the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device.

3. According to claim 2, the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device is characterized in that: The enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit is connected to the MCU processing unit via a power enable circuit. When the target communication module needs to work, the MCU processing unit controls the corresponding enable pin of the DCDC conversion logic array unit to be enabled via the power enable circuit to supply power to the target communication module.

4. According to claim 1, the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device is characterized in that: The communication module unit includes various communication modules, modular interfaces, multi-frequency antenna circuits, and dynamic frequency adjustment circuits; the multi-frequency antenna circuit includes optional resonant LC circuit traps and dipole antennas adapted to different frequencies, and is used to select the resonant LC circuit trap to connect the dipole antenna to adapt to wireless communications in different frequency bands; The dynamic tuner is used for adaptively matching impedance matching and antenna parameters at a frequency.

5. According to claim 1, the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous fusion communication self-switching device is characterized in that: The data processing unit includes a data encryption unit and a data cache unit. The data encryption unit is used to encrypt and decrypt the transmitted data; the data cache unit is used to save the data transmitted during communication anomalies or switching, and resend it after the communication is restored.

6. A distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching method, applied to the distribution network monitoring heterogeneous converged communication self-switching device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Setting a quality threshold for each communication link; The environment perception unit obtains the status of each preset communication link, which includes: signal strength of the communication link, delay of the communication link, packet loss rate of the communication link and bandwidth of the communication link; the PICO unit processes the loading data collected by the environment perception unit and uploads it to the MCU processing unit; Determine the quality of the current communication link based on the status of each communication link: Among them, S represents the average signal strength, P represents the packet loss rate, D represents the average delay, B represents the bandwidth, W1, W2, W3, and W4 are the signal strength weight, packet loss rate weight, delay weight, and bandwidth weight respectively; When the quality of the primary link drops below a preset threshold, it automatically switches to the backup link selected based on expected quality and priority.

7. The method for self-switching of heterogeneous converged communication for distribution network monitoring according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The PICO unit cleans and formats the status of each communication link collected by the environmental perception unit to remove outliers and noise; it converts data from different sources and formats into a unified format for subsequent processing and analysis; Scaling the data to a standardized range to eliminate differences between different dimensions; Key features are extracted from the preprocessed data, including average signal strength, average delay, packet loss rate, and bandwidth.

8. The method for self-switching of heterogeneous converged communication for distribution network monitoring according to claim 6 is characterized in that: For data transmitted during communication anomalies or switching, the data cache unit stores data packets of different formats for all communication links, and selects a backup link. After communication is restored, the data packets of the backup link are used for retransmission. After the data packets of any content are successfully retransmitted, the data packets of the remaining formats of the content are cleared.

9. The method for self-switching of heterogeneous converged communication for distribution network monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pre-trained long short-term memory network predicts the expected quality of the communication link based on the current data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions. The long short-term memory network takes the data transmission conditions, the link conditions of each communication link and the environmental conditions as inputs, takes the historical average signal strength, average delay and packet loss rate as outputs, and establishes a connection between the input and the output.

10. The method for self-switching of heterogeneous converged communication for distribution network monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the switch is executed, the actual quality of the backup link under the current data transmission conditions, environmental conditions and link conditions continues to be monitored, and the long short-term memory network is adjusted using the new data.

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