Different-spatial-dimension free exploration normal form device and method based on rich information

Abstract

The invention discloses a free exploration normal form device and method for different spatial dimensions based on rich information, and the device comprises a one-dimensional annular one-way free exploration normal form device, a two-dimensional open field free exploration normal form device, and a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration normal form device. By using the free exploration normal form device with different spatial dimensions, not only can spatial information characterization of rat hippocampus position cells for different spatial dimensions be explored, but also whether dynamic change of long-term simulation microgravity for rat spatial information coding capability has a certain time-varying rule can be explored. Conditions are created for subsequently ascertaining and simulating internal neural mechanisms of influence of microgravity factors on spatial memory and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tasks for rats to freely explore in different spatial dimensions, and in particular, relates to a device and method for a paradigm of free exploration in different spatial dimensions based on rich information. Background Art

[0002] There is a type of neuron in the hippocampus that can specifically represent spatial information, called place cells, which can fire action potentials at specific locations. Specific locations are called the place fields of place cells, which are considered to be the basis of the brain's spatial cognitive map. Whether the cognitive map is three-dimensional, how it is represented in different spatial dimensions, and how to integrate spatial information of different dimensions, its internal neural mechanism has great exploration value.

[0003] With the rapid innovation and development of manned space technology, my country has entered a new stage of space station application development. When astronauts enter space, they are in a space environment with high vacuum, strong radiation, and frequent alternation of day and night. The space station where astronauts work and live for a long time also has factors such as small space, high noise, long-term social isolation and microgravity. In space, gravity is only one millionth of the gravity on Earth. The huge difference in microgravity environment has become one of the most important initiating factors affecting organisms in space. Under the influence of this special environment for a long time, astronauts' vestibular function, cognitive function and other physiological functions have undergone adaptive changes. Based on rodent microgravity, the cognitive functions of rodents such as learning and memory were tested and found that in the water maze test: the incubation period became longer after 28 days of microgravity modeling. In the Y maze test: the reaction accuracy of the simulated weightlessness modeling for 3 days was significantly reduced, and the reaction time was significantly increased. This shows that the spatial learning and memory function of rodents has declined.

[0004] Current studies have shown that due to the microgravity environment in space, rodents mostly exhibit floating and hovering movements, and are more likely to explore three-dimensional space. However, the neural mechanism for encoding spatial information in three-dimensional space by rats on the ground is different from that in two-dimensional space. It is still unclear how rats encode spatial information of different spatial dimensions in simulated microgravity. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a device for freely exploring paradigms in different spatial dimensions based on rich information.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method based on a free exploration paradigm of different spatial dimensions with rich information. The method explores the spatial information encoding ability of rats under simulated microgravity and their internal neural mechanisms when they freely explore different spatial dimensions with rich information based on a free exploration paradigm device of different spatial dimensions.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A free exploration paradigm device of different spatial dimensions based on rich information, including: a one-dimensional circular one-way free exploration paradigm device, a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm device and a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device, wherein:

[0009] The one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device comprises: a circular track and first rich information, wherein the first rich information is fixed on the bottom plate of the circular track;

[0010] The two-dimensional open-field free exploration paradigm apparatus includes: a cube-shaped cavity with an open top surface, and second rich information is fixed in random order on the bottom surface of the cube-shaped cavity;

[0011] The three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device includes: a behavior box, a third enriched information and a hanging rod. The behavior box is a rectangular box body with an opening formed on the top surface of the rectangular box body; the hanging rod is installed in the behavior box; the third enriched information is fixed on the bottom surface and the inner wall of the side of the behavior box; the hanging rod is fixed to the lower part of the center position of the top surface of the behavior box, and the hanging rod is used to hang rodents.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the opening is located at the center of the top surface of the rectangular box body.

[0013] In the above technical scheme, the annular track includes: an outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure and an inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure, the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure is a regular M-gon column surrounded by M first side panels, the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure is a regular M-gon column surrounded by M second side panels, the bottom side length of the first side panel is greater than the bottom side length of the second side panel, the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure is sleeved outside the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure and the two are concentrically arranged, the bottom plate is connected between the bottom edge of the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure and the bottom edge of the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure, so that the annular track is formed between the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure and the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the first side plate and the second side plate are both rectangular.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the first rich information is randomly fixed on the bottom plate.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the first enriched information, the second enriched information and the third enriched information respectively include: objects of different colors and different shapes, which are used to enrich the visual information and the tactile information.

[0017] A method based on a free exploration paradigm of different spatial dimensions with rich information, comprising the following steps: a formal experiment is conducted on rodents for N days using a free exploration paradigm apparatus of different spatial dimensions, the rodents are restricted in food every day during the formal experiment, the daily experiment includes S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3 in sequence, and the rodents rest for at least 3 minutes between S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3:

[0018] S1-1, place the rodent in the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device for unidirectional free exploration twice, and make the rodent leave the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device after each unidirectional free exploration and rest for at least 3 minutes, wherein, during the unidirectional free exploration process, ensure that the rodent is given food as a reward at least once in each unidirectional free exploration process; if the rodent stops exploring, food is placed at a random position of the circular track as a reward to encourage the rodent to continue exploring until the circular track is explored;

[0019] S1-2, placing the rodent in a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus, allowing the rodent to start free exploration for 10 minutes. After the free exploration, the rodent is allowed to leave the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus, wherein during the free exploration, the rodent freely explores for the first 5 minutes, and in the next 5 minutes, food is placed at a random position in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus as a reward, to encourage the rodent to explore the entire area of ​​the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus;

[0020] S1-3, the rodents were placed in a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm apparatus, and the rodents were allowed to start free exploration for 10 minutes.

[0021] The free exploration paradigm device of different spatial dimensions of the present invention includes spatial information from one dimension to two dimensions and then to three dimensions, and can realize fast and flexible conversion between dimensions to facilitate the continuous conduct of experiments in a relatively short period of time. At the same time, the free exploration paradigm device of the three-dimensional behavior box in the present invention is closer to the exploration mode of space by rats in space, and can provide an important scientific basis for subsequent exploration of the representation mode of information of rats in different spatial dimensions under simulated microgravity. The free exploration paradigm device of different spatial dimensions of the present invention provides a feasible method for the current research on the representation of spatial information of rats in different spatial dimensions, and for exploring the influence of simulated microgravity on the spatial cognitive ability of rats in different spatial dimensions.

[0022] Using the free exploration paradigm device in different spatial dimensions can not only explore the spatial information representation of rat hippocampal place cells in different spatial dimensions, but also explore whether there is a certain time-varying law in the dynamic changes of long-term simulated microgravity on the spatial information encoding ability of rats, creating conditions for the subsequent exploration of the internal neural mechanism of the influence of simulated microgravity factors on spatial memory and other aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a two-dimensional open-field free exploration paradigm device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 (A) Trajectory and (B) angular velocity of rats in the simulated microgravity group (SM) and control group (CON) in a one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm apparatus;

[0028] Figure 6 (A) Trajectory and (B) velocity of rats in the simulated microgravity group (SM) and control group (CON) in a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm.

[0029] Figure 7 (A) Heat map of cell firing rate, (B) peak firing rate, and (C) average firing rate of some hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group (microgravity) and the control group (control) in a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus;

[0030] Figure 8 (A) Heatmap of cell firing rate, (B) peak firing rate, and (C) mean firing rate of some hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group (Microgravity) and the control group (Control) of rats in a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm apparatus.

[0031] Among them, 1: bottom plate, 2: outer three-dimensional regular dodecagon (M=12) annular structure, 3: inner three-dimensional regular dodecagon (M=12) annular structure, 4: first rich information, 5: cube-shaped cavity, 6: second rich information, 7: behavior box, 8: third rich information, 9: opening, 10: hanging rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the apparatus and method for freely exploring different spatial dimensions based on rich information of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a free exploration paradigm device of different spatial dimensions based on rich information includes: a one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device, a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm device and a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device, wherein,

[0035] The one-dimensional annular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device includes: an outer three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure 2, an inner three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure 3 and first rich information 4, the outer three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure is a regular dodecagonal cylinder (with an open top surface) surrounded by twelve first side panels, the inner three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure is a regular dodecagonal cylinder (with an open top surface) surrounded by twelve second side panels, the bottom side length of the first side panel is greater than the bottom side length of the second side panel, the outer three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure is sleeved outside the inner three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure and the two are concentrically arranged, a bottom plate 1 is connected between the bottom edge of the outer three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure and the bottom edge of the inner three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure (the bottom plate is made of floor leather in this embodiment), so that a ring track is formed between the outer three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure and the inner three-dimensional regular dodecagonal annular structure.

[0036] The first side panel and the second side panel are both rectangular, the side length of the bottom side of the first side panel is 33 cm, the height of the first side panel is 40 cm, the side length of the bottom side of the second side panel is 28 cm, and the height of the second side panel is 20 cm;

[0037] The first enriched information is randomly fixed on the bottom plate every day, and the first enriched information of the one-dimensional circular one-way free exploration paradigm device remains unchanged every day;

[0038] Two-dimensional open-field free exploration paradigm apparatus, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a cube-shaped cavity 5 with an open top surface, and second rich information 6 is fixed in random order on the bottom surface in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm device. The bottom side length of the cube-shaped cavity is 56 cm, and the height of the cube-shaped cavity is 20 cm; the order of fixing the second rich information is randomly changed once before the start of the experiment every day.

[0039] Three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm apparatus, such as Figure 3As shown, it includes: a transparent behavior box 7 (the behavior box is made of acrylic material), the third rich information 8 and a hanging rod 10 (the hanging rod in this embodiment is a stainless steel rod structure with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 40 cm). The behavior box is a rectangular box body, and an opening 9 is formed on the top surface of the rectangular box body. The bottom surface of the rectangular box body is 40 cm×40 cm, the height of the rectangular box body is 45 cm, and the opening is a square of 15 cm×15 cm. The opening is located at the center of the top surface of the rectangular box body, and the hanging rod is installed in the behavior box; the third rich information is located in the behavior box, and the third rich information is randomly fixed on the bottom surface and the inner wall of the side of the behavior box; the hanging rod is fixed to the lower part of the center position of the top surface of the behavior box. When the rat is in the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device, the hanging rod is used to suspend the rat to simulate microgravity modeling.

[0040] The first rich information, the second rich information and the third rich information include: objects of different colors and shapes. In order to enrich the visual and tactile information of rats, in this embodiment, the first rich information, the second rich information and the third rich information are respectively three-dimensional small building blocks of different colors and shapes, stickers of different shapes composed of different colors of paper tapes, and three-dimensional rubber toys of fruits or vegetables.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, a method for freely exploring the paradigm of different spatial dimensions based on rich information includes the following steps:

[0043] The rats were restricted from eating for 24 hours, and the restriction standard was: the rats were only allowed to eat 5% of their body weight of rat food per day;

[0044] A 28-day formal experiment was conducted on rats using the free exploration paradigm apparatus of different spatial dimensions in Example 1. During the formal experiment, the rats were restricted in food every day. The daily experiment included S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3 in sequence. The rats rested for 5 minutes between S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3:

[0045] S1-1, the rats were placed in the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device for unidirectional free exploration twice, each time for 10 minutes, and the rats were allowed to leave the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device and rest for 5 minutes after each unidirectional free exploration, wherein, during the unidirectional free exploration process, it was ensured that the rats were given food as a reward at least once in each unidirectional free exploration process (the placement position was random); if the rats stopped exploring, food was placed at a random position of the circular track as a reward to encourage the rats to continue exploring until the circular track was explored, and if the rats turned around to explore the area they had already explored, the rats were immediately blocked back with cardboard to allow them to continue exploring the unexplored area;

[0046] S1-2, placing rats in a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus, allowing the rats to start free exploration for 10 minutes. After the free exploration, the rats were allowed to leave the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus and rest for 5 minutes. During the free exploration, the rats explored freely in the first 5 minutes, and food was placed at random locations in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus as a reward in the last 5 minutes to encourage the rats to explore the entire area of ​​the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus;

[0047] S1-3, the rats were placed in a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm apparatus, and allowed to start free exploration for 10 minutes.

[0048] All operations of placing rats should avoid stress reactions in rats. Before the start of each day's experiment, the rats were placed in the experimental room and familiarized with the environment for 20 minutes.

[0049] Use popcorn crumbs as a reward.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] In order to verify the feasibility of the method of the present invention, the following experiments were performed:

[0052] Simulated microgravity group: The rats were suspended by the animal suspension device in CN117297820A for 28 days, and the method in Example 2 was performed once a day. After the execution, the rats were suspended by the animal suspension device in CN117297820A. When the rats in the simulated microgravity modeling group were in the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device when executing the method in Example 2, the rats were hung on the hanging rod in the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device.

[0053] Control group: Another rat was raised normally for 28 days, and the method in Example 2 was performed once a day, wherein, when the rat in the control group performed the method in Example 2, when the rat was in the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device, the rat was allowed to explore freely (the rat was not hung on the hanging rod).

[0054] The trajectories of the rats in the simulated microgravity modeling group and the control group in the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm were converted into radians, and the one-dimensional trajectories were plotted. The trajectories on the 2nd and 18th days are shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown in A, by comparing the trajectories of the simulated microgravity group and the control group, the distances of their movement trajectories are different. Figure 5 SM) and control group ( Figure 5 CON) The angular velocity of the rat's movement, such as Figure 5 As shown in B, the movement speed of the simulated microgravity group was significantly lower than that of the control group.

[0055] The movement trajectories of rats in the simulated microgravity group and the control group under the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm for 28 consecutive days were plotted. Figure 6 As shown in A, it can be seen that the motion trajectory of the simulated microgravity group and the control group has changed. Figure 6 SM) and control group ( Figure 6 The speed of rats in the simulated microgravity group (CON) in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm was analyzed, and it was found that the movement speed of rats in the simulated microgravity group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Figure 6 As shown in B.

[0056] The cell firing rate heat maps of some hippocampal place cells of the rats in the simulated microgravity group and the control group were collected every day in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm. The cell firing rate heat maps on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days are shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown in A. The peak firing rate PF (Hz), position domain area PFS (cm 2 ), spatial information rate SI (Hz\spk). According to the cell discharge rate heat map, the peak discharge rate and the average discharge rate are obtained, such as Figure 7 B and Figure 7 As shown in Figure C, the peak discharge rate and average discharge rate of hippocampal place cells of rats in the simulated microgravity group and the control group for 28 consecutive days showed that the peak discharge rate and average discharge rate of hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group were significantly lower than those in the control group, indicating that in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm device, the excitability of hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group was lower than that in the control group.

[0057] The cell firing rate heat maps of some hippocampal place cells of the rats in the simulated microgravity group and the control group were collected every day in the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm. The cell firing rate heat maps on the 7th day (week 1), 14th day (week 2), 21st day (week 3) and 28th day (week 4) are shown in Figure 2. Figure 8 As shown in A. The peak firing rate PF (Hz), position domain area PFS (cm 2 ), spatial information rate SI (Hz\spk). According to the cell discharge rate heat map, the peak discharge rate and the average discharge rate are obtained, such as Figure 8 B and Figure 8 As shown in Figure C, through the peak discharge rate and average discharge rate of hippocampal place cells of rats in the simulated microgravity group and the control group for 28 consecutive days, it was found that the peak discharge rate and average discharge rate of hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group were significantly lower than those in the control group, indicating that under the free exploration paradigm of the three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm, the excitability of hippocampal place cells in the simulated microgravity group was lower than that in the control group.

[0058] The encoding pattern is studied based on the analysis of hippocampal place cell discharges to achieve the study of rats' spatial information representation in different spatial dimensions and to explore the impact of simulated microgravity on rats' spatial cognitive ability in different spatial dimensions.

[0059] The present invention is described above by way of example. It should be noted that, without departing from the core of the present invention, any simple deformation, modification or other equivalent replacement that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive effort falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for freely exploring different spatial dimensions based on rich information, characterized in that: include: One-dimensional circular one-way free exploration paradigm device, two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm device and three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device, among which, The one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device comprises: a circular track and first rich information (4), wherein the first rich information (4) is fixed on a bottom plate (1) of the circular track; The two-dimensional open-field free exploration paradigm device comprises: a cube-shaped cavity (5) with an open top surface, and second rich information (6) is fixed in random order on the bottom surface of the cube-shaped cavity (5); The three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm device comprises: a behavior box (7), third enriched information (8) and a hanging rod (10), wherein the behavior box (7) is a rectangular box body, and an opening (9) is formed on the top surface of the rectangular box body; the hanging rod (10) is installed in the behavior box (7); the third enriched information (8) is fixed on the bottom surface and the inner wall of the side of the behavior box (7); the hanging rod (10) is fixed on the lower part of the center position of the top surface of the behavior box (7), and the hanging rod (10) is used to hang rodents.

2. The device for free exploration of different spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening (9) is located at the center of the top surface of the rectangular box body.

3. The device for free exploration of different spatial dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular track comprises: an outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (2) and an inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (3); the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (2) is a regular M-gon column surrounded by M first side panels; the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (3) is a regular M-gon column surrounded by M second side panels; the bottom edge length of the first side panel is greater than the bottom edge length of the second side panel; the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (2) is sleeved outside the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (3) and the two are arranged concentrically; the bottom plate (1) is connected between the bottom edge of the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (2) and the bottom edge of the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (3), so that the annular track is formed between the outer three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (2) and the inner three-dimensional regular M-gon annular structure (3).

4. The device for free exploration of different spatial dimensions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first side plate and the second side plate are both rectangular.

5. The device for free exploration of different spatial dimensions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first rich information (4) is randomly fixed on the bottom plate (1).

6. The device for free exploration of different spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first enriched information (4), the second enriched information (6) and the third enriched information (8) respectively include: objects of different colors and different shapes, which are used to enrich the visual information and the tactile information.

7. A method for freely exploring a paradigm based on different spatial dimensions of rich information, comprising the following steps: A formal experiment is conducted on rodents for N days using the free exploration paradigm apparatus of different spatial dimensions as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. During the formal experiment, the rodents are restricted in food every day. The daily experiment includes S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3 in sequence. The rodents rest for at least 3 minutes between S1-1, S1-2 and S1-3: S1-1, place the rodent in the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device for unidirectional free exploration twice, and make the rodent leave the circular track of the one-dimensional circular unidirectional free exploration paradigm device after each unidirectional free exploration and rest for at least 3 minutes, wherein, during the unidirectional free exploration process, ensure that the rodent is given food as a reward at least once in each unidirectional free exploration process; if the rodent stops exploring, food is placed at a random position of the circular track as a reward to encourage the rodent to continue exploring until the circular track is explored; S1-2, placing the rodent in a two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus, allowing the rodent to start free exploration for 10 minutes. After the free exploration, the rodent is allowed to leave the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus, wherein during the free exploration, the rodent freely explores for the first 5 minutes, and in the next 5 minutes, food is placed at a random position in the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus as a reward, to encourage the rodent to explore the entire area of ​​the two-dimensional open field free exploration paradigm apparatus; S1-3, the rodents were placed in a three-dimensional behavior box free exploration paradigm apparatus, and the rodents were allowed to start free exploration for 10 minutes.

Images