Three-dimensional visual monitoring method for underground water level of deep foundation pit

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional visual monitoring method for the underground water level of a deep foundation pit. The method comprises the steps that a three-dimensional underground enclosure wall of the deep foundation pit is generated; automatically generating and updating a pit inside and outside water level fitting three-dimensional curved surface diagram in the three-dimensional underground enclosure wall of the deep foundation pit; automatically identifying and marking the highest point and the lowest point of water levels inside and outside the pit; marking the burial depth of the underground safe water level of the deep foundation pit; the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state is automatically generated and updated; and three-dimensional visual monitoring is conducted on the underground water level of the deep foundation pit according to the three-dimensional curved surface graph fitted by the water levels inside and outside the pit, the highest point and the lowest point of the water levels inside and outside the pit on the three-dimensional curved surface graph and the three-dimensional position of the in-pit decompression well in the open state. According to the method, the underground water level of the deep foundation pit can be visually monitored, and the comprehensiveness, accuracy and timeliness of monitoring are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of deep foundation pit engineering, and in particular to a three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of deep foundation pits, the control of groundwater level is a key link to ensure construction safety. Existing methods for monitoring groundwater levels in deep foundation pits mainly rely on fixed measuring stations and point-to-point monitoring instruments, and use software platforms for data integration and processing. The shortcomings are:

[0003] First, the data display format is single: the existing water level monitoring data is mainly presented in the form of tables, and the data display is relatively monotonous. It is difficult for managers to quickly grasp all relevant data on foundation pit dewatering through tables, resulting in inefficient decision-making.

[0004] Second, it is difficult to monitor intuitively: the changes in water levels inside and outside the foundation pit have certain regularities, but it is difficult for tabular data to present these regularities intuitively. It is difficult for managers to understand the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of water levels inside and outside the foundation pit by comparing tabular numbers.

[0005] Third, the fixity of monitoring points: Water level monitoring in foundation pits usually relies on a small number of fixed measuring points, which cannot fully reflect the overall water level of the foundation pit. The water level in the foundation pit changes in a complex way, and the data from a single or fixed measuring point is not enough to accurately reflect the overall situation, which can easily cause blind spots in water level monitoring and affect construction safety and management efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in deep foundation pits, so as to solve the problems that the monitoring effect of tabular data of groundwater level in deep foundation pits is poor, non-intuitive, unable to display the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of groundwater inside and outside the foundation pit, and point monitoring cannot reflect the overall situation of groundwater in the foundation pit.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit, comprising:

[0008] Generate three-dimensional underground retaining walls for deep foundation pits;

[0009] Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit;

[0010] Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation well outside the deep foundation pit;

[0011] According to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest points of the water level inside and outside the pit are automatically identified and marked;

[0012] Divide the deep foundation pit plane into multiple sub-areas according to the geological conditions, draw the safe water level plane of each sub-area, identify the fitted water level plane of each sub-area according to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit in each sub-area and compare it with the safe water level plane, evaluate whether the safe water level of each sub-area has safety risks, and mark the safe water level burial depth on each sub-area of ​​the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit;

[0013] Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit according to the distribution data and the opening and closing status data of the relief well in the deep foundation pit;

[0014] The groundwater level in the deep foundation pit is monitored in three-dimensional visualization based on the fitted three-dimensional surface diagram of the water levels inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest points of the water levels inside and outside the pit on it, and the three-dimensional position of the pressure relief well in the pit that is in an open state.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention comprises:

[0016] A program was written using Matlab software to determine the plane coordinates of each corner point of the underground retaining wall, generate the three-dimensional structure of the underground retaining wall, translate the top endpoint coordinates of the underground retaining wall downward along the z-axis to the bottom of the underground retaining wall, generate the bottom endpoint of the underground retaining wall, and use the fill3 function to draw the three-dimensional structure of the side of each underground retaining wall. By connecting the top and bottom boundary endpoints, a three-dimensional stereogram of the underground retaining wall is constructed to form a three-dimensional underground retaining wall for a deep foundation pit.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention, wherein the method for automatically generating a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit comprises:

[0018] In Matlab software, according to the distribution location data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, the plane coordinates of the observation wells in the pit are determined, and the meshgrid function is used to grid the plane of the deep foundation pit to generate a coordinate matrix, and create a corresponding (x, y) coordinate grid in the two-dimensional area; according to the water level data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, the z-axis coordinate of the water level of each observation well is determined, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each water level observation point are obtained;

[0019] Using the three-dimensional coordinates and the griddata function to perform cubic interpolation of the data, the water level z(x,y) at any point (x,y) is determined, and a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit is generated.

[0020] Furthermore, in the three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention, the method of determining the water level z(x, y) at any point (x, y) by cubic interpolation comprises:

[0021] Piecewise cubic polynomial interpolation processing: For each local area composed of adjacent triangular meshes, the griddata function constructs a cubic polynomial function of formula (1) in the area:

[0022] z(x,y)=a+bx+cy+dx2+exy+fy2+gx3+hx2y+ixy2+jy3 (1);

[0023] Among them, a, b, c, …, j are coefficients determined based on the known data point coordinates and water level values;

[0024] Continuity and smoothness processing: When performing piecewise interpolation, in order to ensure the smooth transition of the interpolation surface, the first-order and second-order derivatives at the boundaries of adjacent triangles are made continuous through the optimization algorithm, so that the entire interpolation surface is smooth at the transition point;

[0025] Calculate the value of the interpolation point: Once the triangular mesh containing all the data points is established and the cubic polynomial model is generated in each area, for any interpolation point, first determine the grid where the point is located, and then substitute its coordinates into the corresponding cubic polynomial to estimate the water level value of the point.

[0026] Furthermore, the three-dimensional visualization monitoring method of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention is the same as the method for automatically generating a fitting three-dimensional surface map of the water level outside the pit outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit based on the distribution data of observation wells outside the deep foundation pit and the method for generating a fitting three-dimensional surface map of the water level inside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention automatically generates and updates the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit according to the distribution data and the opening and closing state data of the relief well in the deep foundation pit, including:

[0028] Data screening: Get the location, depth and opening and closing status of each relief well from the data source, define the plane coordinates (x, y), well depth H and status open, open = 1 for open state, open = 0 for closed state;

[0029] Opening and closing status drawing: filter out the open relief wells; for each open relief well, use the surf function in Matlab software to draw a blue cylinder, which extends from the surface (x, y, 0) to the well depth (x, y, -H), thereby automatically generating the three-dimensional position of the open relief well.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the present invention can perform three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit by fitting a three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, and conveniently monitor the overall situation of water levels inside and outside the pit, comprehensively display the spatial distribution of water levels inside and outside the foundation pit, overcome the problems of incomplete data or blind spots caused by fixed measuring points in traditional monitoring methods, and improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring; by marking the highest and lowest water level points on the three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest water level points inside and outside the pit can be visualized for monitoring; by marking the safe water level on the three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, the three-dimensional visualization monitoring can be performed to determine whether there are safety risks in the safe water levels of each sub-area of ​​the deep foundation pit; thereby ensuring that Safe construction is carried out in deep foundation pits; the three-dimensional position of the pressure relief well in the pit is drawn on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the pit water level fitting, so that the opening status, position and depth of the pressure relief well in the pit can be monitored in three-dimensional visualization; through real-time calculation and processing of monitoring data, the daily water level data can be updated and displayed in time, ensuring that management personnel can grasp the dynamic changes of the foundation pit water level at any time, with timeliness and accuracy of monitoring, reducing construction risks that may be caused by data delays, and using data fitting technology to effectively make up for the limitations of traditional fixed monitoring points, so that the monitoring coverage can be expanded, the monitoring accuracy can be significantly improved, and the water level distribution of the foundation pit can be fully reflected, reducing the potential risk of water level blind spots, thereby significantly improving the decision-making efficiency of deep foundation pit construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the three-dimensional visualization monitoring method of groundwater level in deep foundation pit;

[0033] Figure 2 It uses Matlab software to generate the renderings of the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit that is automatically generated and updated in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit;

[0035] Figure 4 It is to automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the pit outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit;

[0036] Figure 5 It is an effect diagram that automatically marks the highest and lowest points of the water levels inside and outside the pit on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water levels inside and outside the pit;

[0037] Figure 6 It is an effect diagram of marking the safe water level burial depth on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit;

[0038] Figure 7 It is to draw the effect diagram of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional visualization of the groundwater level at the third support, fourth support and bottom plate stages during deep foundation pit excavation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit, which may include:

[0042] Step S110, generating a three-dimensional underground retaining wall of a deep foundation pit. Specifically, the following can be done: using software such as Matlab to write a program, determine the plane coordinates of each corner point of the underground retaining wall, generate a three-dimensional structure of the underground retaining wall, translate the top endpoint coordinates of the underground retaining wall downward along the z-axis to the bottom of the underground retaining wall, generate the bottom endpoint of the underground retaining wall, use the fill3 function to draw the three-dimensional structure of the wall side of each underground retaining wall, and construct a three-dimensional stereogram of the underground retaining wall by connecting the top and bottom boundary endpoints to form a three-dimensional underground retaining wall of a deep foundation pit, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0043] Step S120, automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, such as Figure 3 As shown. Specifically, it can be: in Matlab software, according to the distribution position data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, determine the plane coordinates of the observation wells in the pit, use the meshgrid function to grid the plane of the deep foundation pit, generate a coordinate matrix, and create a corresponding (x, y) coordinate grid in the two-dimensional area; according to the water level data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, determine the z-direction coordinate of the water level of each observation well, and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of each water level observation point; using the three-dimensional coordinates, use the griddata function to perform cubic interpolation of the data to determine the water level z(x, y) of any point (x, y), and generate a three-dimensional surface diagram of the pit water level fitting located in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit. The method of cubic interpolation to determine the water level z(x, y) of any point (x, y) includes:

[0044] Step S121, piecewise cubic polynomial interpolation processing: For each local area composed of adjacent triangular meshes, the griddata function constructs a cubic polynomial function of formula (1) in the area:

[0045] z(x,y)=a+bx+cy+dx2+exy+fy2+gx3+hx2y+ixy2+jy3 (1);

[0046] Among them, a, b, c, …, j are coefficients determined based on the known data point coordinates and water level values.

[0047] Step S122, continuity and smoothness processing: When performing segmented interpolation, in order to ensure the smooth transition of the interpolation surface, the first-order and second-order derivatives at the boundaries of adjacent triangles are made continuous through an optimization algorithm to make the entire interpolation surface smooth at the transition point. Continuity and smoothness processing can avoid discontinuities or sharp turns and improve display effects.

[0048] Step S123, calculate the value of the interpolation point: Once a triangular mesh containing all data points is established and a cubic polynomial model is generated in each area, for any interpolation point, first determine the grid where the point is located, and then substitute its coordinates into the corresponding cubic polynomial to estimate the water level value of the point.

[0049] In this way, the three-dimensional water level fitting surface in the entire deep foundation pit is obtained based on discrete measuring points.

[0050] Step S130, automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation well outside the deep foundation pit, such as Figure 4 As shown. The method of generating the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the pit is the same as the method of generating the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside the pit. The water level outside the pit is mainly used for comparison with the water level inside the pit. If the water level difference is large, attention should be paid to whether the retaining structure at that location is leaking.

[0051] Step S140, automatically identifying the highest and lowest points of the water levels inside and outside the pit and automatically marking them according to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water levels inside and outside the pit. Figure 5 shown.

[0052] Step S150, divide the deep foundation pit plane into multiple sub-areas according to the geological conditions, draw the safe water level plane of each sub-area, identify the fitted water level plane of each sub-area according to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit in each sub-area and compare it with the safe water level plane, evaluate whether the safe water level of each sub-area has a safety risk, and mark the safe water level burial depth on each sub-area of ​​the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit, such as Figure 6As shown. The functions of the highest and lowest points of the water levels inside and outside the pit are: on the one hand, they are used to compare the water level difference inside and outside the pit to determine the water-stopping effect of the retaining structure (underground continuous wall); on the other hand, they are used for safety water level comparison to determine whether the water level in the foundation pit is safe. Since the safety water level of each sub-area is buried at a different depth, the safety water level of each sub-area will also be different at different stages of excavation. In specific operations, use conditional judgment statements to compare the actual water level with the safety water level:

[0053] “if z(i,j) <safety_level(i,j)

[0054] % Risk

[0055] end".

[0056] Step S160, automatically generate and update the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit according to the distribution data and the opening and closing status data of the relief well in the deep foundation pit, such as Figure 7 Specifically, it can be:

[0057] Step S161, data screening: obtain the location, depth and opening and closing status of each relief well from the data source, define the plane coordinates (x, y), well depth H and status open, open = 1 is the open state, open = 0 is the closed state.

[0058] Step S162, opening and closing state drawing: screen out the relief wells in the open state; for each relief well in the open state, use the surf function in Matlab software to draw a blue cylinder, the blue cylinder extends from the surface (x, y, 0) to the well depth (x, y, -H), so as to automatically generate the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state. The color in the blue cylinder can use other colors. That is, extract the plane coordinates of the relief well, and draw the position and depth of the opened relief well in the three-dimensional map according to the opening and closing status data of the relief well.

[0059] In this step, only the relief wells in the open state are displayed, and the relief wells in the closed state are not displayed, so as to reduce visual interference and highlight the spatial position and depth distribution of the open wells.

[0060] Step S170, three-dimensional visual monitoring of the groundwater level in the deep foundation pit is performed based on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit and the highest and lowest points of the water level inside and outside the pit on the surface diagram, and the three-dimensional position of the pressure relief well in the pit that is in an open state.

[0061] The above step sequence is only an example, but is not limited to the above steps. For example, the sequence of step S120 and step S130 can be interchanged, and step S160 can be performed before step S140.

[0062] The method for three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by an embodiment of the present invention can perform three-dimensional visualization monitoring of groundwater level in a deep foundation pit by fitting a three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, and conveniently monitor the overall situation of water levels inside and outside the pit, comprehensively display the spatial distribution of water levels inside and outside the foundation pit, overcome the problems of incomplete data or blind spots caused by fixed measuring points in traditional monitoring methods, and improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring; by marking the highest and lowest water level points on the three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest water level points inside and outside the pit can be visualized for monitoring; by marking the safe water level on the three-dimensional surface graph of water levels inside and outside the pit, the safe water level in each sub-area of ​​the deep foundation pit can be three-dimensionally visualized for monitoring whether there is a safety risk; thereby ensuring Carry out safe construction in deep foundation pits; draw the three-dimensional position of the pressure relief well in the pit on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the pit water level fitting, so as to conduct three-dimensional visual monitoring of the opening status, position and depth of the pressure relief well in the pit; realize timely updating and display of daily water level data through real-time calculation and processing of monitoring data, and ensure that management personnel can grasp the dynamic changes of the foundation pit water level at any time, with the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring, and reduce the construction risks that may be caused by data delays. The use of data fitting technology effectively compensates for the limitations of traditional fixed monitoring points, so that the monitoring coverage can be expanded, the monitoring accuracy is significantly improved, and the water level distribution of the foundation pit can be fully reflected, reducing the potential risk of water level blind spots, thereby significantly improving the decision-making efficiency of deep foundation pit construction.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 8 , respectively showing the fitted three-dimensional surface diagrams of the groundwater level at the third support, fourth support and bottom plate stages. The water level in the pit at each stage can meet the requirements of the safe water level burial depth. Starting from the third support, the number of dewatering wells opened in each stage gradually increased, and the water level in the pit and the safe water level burial depth gradually decreased. The water level outside the pit and the water level inside the pit always maintained a certain height difference, proving that the underground retaining wall has good water-proof performance. At the same time, the water level at the edge of the pit outside (5 meters away from the underground retaining wall) is always lower than the water level far away from the underground retaining wall (20 meters away from the underground retaining wall) by a certain height, which is also in line with the "funnel effect" of the foundation pit groundwater. After receiving the water level data report every day, the project management personnel will draw a three-dimensional water level map as soon as possible to understand the changes in the water level inside and outside the foundation pit. If the water level is high or exceeds the safe water level burial depth, they can quickly confirm the dangerous position of the foundation pit water level and take corresponding preventive measures to ensure safety control of construction under complex geological conditions.

[0064] The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method of the groundwater level in a deep foundation pit provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts Matlab software to write a program to realize the three-dimensional display of the water level inside and outside the foundation pit, the safety water level and the opening and closing status of the relief well. The fitting method is used to make up for the deficiency of the fixedness of the monitoring points; the programming method is used to improve the timeliness of data updating.

[0065] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other levels of modifications and changes to the present invention. In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and changes.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit, characterized in that: include: Generate three-dimensional underground retaining walls for deep foundation pits; Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit; Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation well outside the deep foundation pit; According to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest points of the water level inside and outside the pit are automatically identified and marked; Divide the deep foundation pit plane into multiple sub-areas according to the geological conditions, draw the safe water level plane of each sub-area, identify the fitted water level plane of each sub-area according to the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit in each sub-area and compare it with the safe water level plane, evaluate whether the safe water level of each sub-area has safety risks, and mark the safe water level burial depth on each sub-area of ​​the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside and outside the pit; Automatically generate and update the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit according to the distribution data and the opening and closing status data of the relief well in the deep foundation pit; The groundwater level in the deep foundation pit is monitored in three-dimensional visualization based on the fitted three-dimensional surface diagram of the water levels inside and outside the pit, the highest and lowest points of the water levels inside and outside the pit on it, and the three-dimensional position of the pressure relief well in the pit that is in an open state.

2. The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for generating a three-dimensional underground retaining wall of a deep foundation pit comprises: A program was written using Matlab software to determine the plane coordinates of each corner point of the underground retaining wall, generate the three-dimensional structure of the underground retaining wall, translate the top endpoint coordinates of the underground retaining wall downward along the z-axis to the bottom of the underground retaining wall, generate the bottom endpoint of the underground retaining wall, and use the fill3 function to draw the three-dimensional structure of the side of each underground retaining wall. By connecting the top and bottom boundary endpoints, a three-dimensional stereogram of the underground retaining wall is constructed to form a three-dimensional underground retaining wall for a deep foundation pit.

3. The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for automatically generating a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit according to the distribution data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit comprises: In Matlab software, according to the distribution location data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, the plane coordinates of the observation wells in the pit are determined, and the meshgrid function is used to grid the plane of the deep foundation pit to generate a coordinate matrix, and create a corresponding (x, y) coordinate grid in the two-dimensional area; according to the water level data of the observation wells in the deep foundation pit, the z-axis coordinate of the water level of each observation well is determined, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each water level observation point are obtained; Using the three-dimensional coordinates and the griddata function to perform cubic interpolation of the data, the water level z(x,y) at any point (x,y) is determined, and a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit is generated.

4. The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method for determining the water level z(x, y) at any point (x, y) by cubic interpolation includes: Piecewise cubic polynomial interpolation processing: For each local area composed of adjacent triangular meshes, the griddata function constructs a cubic polynomial function of formula (1) in the area: z(x,y)=a+bx+cy+dx2+exy+fy2+gx3+hx2y+ixy2+jy3 (1); Among them, a, b, c, …, j are coefficients determined based on the known data point coordinates and water level values; Continuity and smoothness processing: When performing piecewise interpolation, in order to ensure the smooth transition of the interpolation surface, the first-order and second-order derivatives at the boundaries of adjacent triangles are made continuous through the optimization algorithm, so that the entire interpolation surface is smooth at the transition point; Calculate the value of the interpolation point: Once the triangular mesh containing all the data points is established and the cubic polynomial model is generated in each area, for any interpolation point, first determine the grid where the point is located, and then substitute its coordinates into the corresponding cubic polynomial to estimate the water level value of the point.

5. The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method of automatically generating a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level outside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit based on the distribution data of the observation wells outside the deep foundation pit is the same as the method of generating a three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level inside the three-dimensional underground retaining wall of the deep foundation pit.

6. The three-dimensional visualization monitoring method for groundwater level in a deep foundation pit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for automatically generating and updating the three-dimensional position of the relief well in the open state on the three-dimensional surface diagram of the water level in the pit according to the distribution data and the opening and closing state data of the relief well in the deep foundation pit comprises: Data screening: Get the location, depth and opening and closing status of each relief well from the data source, define the plane coordinates (x, y), well depth H and status open, open = 1 for open state, open = 0 for closed state; Opening and closing status drawing: filter out the open relief wells; for each open relief well, use the surf function in Matlab software to draw a blue cylinder, which extends from the surface (x, y, 0) to the well depth (x, y, -H), thereby automatically generating the three-dimensional position of the open relief well.

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