Turbine shaft self-centering tool and cylindrical lathe

Abstract

The invention provides a turbine shaft self-centering tool and a cylindrical lathe. The turbine shaft self-centering tool comprises a pair of self-centering clamps, and the self-centering clamps are driven by lifting and translation mechanisms installed on the self-centering clamps to synchronously conduct lifting and translation movement; the turbine shaft containing space is provided with vertical inner grooves in the two sides and an isosceles inclined groove in the bottom, the inclination angle of the isosceles inclined groove is 45 degrees, the lowest point of the isosceles inclined groove is set as a starting positioning point, and a height positioning device for detecting the height of the upper end face of a turbine shaft is installed on the side edge of each vertical inner groove. The turbine shaft centering device is simple in structure, the loading and detection process is efficient and convenient, the detection precision is high, the detection precision is high, the detection precision is high, the detection precision is high, the detection precision is high, the detection precision is high, and the detection precision is high. The mechanism arrangement is simplified while the centering efficiency is improved, the practicability of the device is greatly improved, and batch production and manufacturing are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turbine shaft processing machinery, in particular to a turbine shaft self-centering tool and an external cylindrical lathe. Background Art

[0002] A bearing seat processing centering device and its use method with the publication number "CN117380992A" in the prior art relate to the field of bearing seat processing. The bearing seat processing centering device and its use method include a lathe, a clamping seat and a fixed seat are installed above the lathe, and the clamping seat is on the side of the fixed seat; an operating box is installed above the fixed seat, a driving motor is installed inside the operating box, and a mounting seat is installed on the end face of the driving motor that is outside, and a driving shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the end of the driving shaft extends outward through the mounting seat and is connected to a turning tool, and laser illuminators are installed above and below the end of the mounting seat, and the two laser illuminators are installed with an angle adjustment mechanism. The bearing seat processing centering device and its use method can control the clamping seat to move vertically by controlling two hydraulic cylinders until the two irradiation points coincide with the position where a hole needs to be opened on the bearing seat, so as to achieve the effect of centering the hole position.

[0003] However, the above device still has obvious defects during use: the structure and assembly operation process of the above centering device are relatively complicated, which is not conducive to rapid centering operation, and there is still a lot of room for optimization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a turbine shaft self-centering tool and an external cylindrical lathe to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A turbine shaft self-centering tool, comprising a pair of self-centering fixtures, the pair of self-centering fixtures are arranged in a straight line in a bed slot of an external cylindrical lathe, and the self-centering fixtures are synchronously lifted and translated under the drive of the lifting and translation mechanisms installed respectively;

[0007] A turbine shaft placement space is opened in the middle of the self-centering fixture. The turbine shaft placement space has vertical inner grooves on both sides and an isosceles bevel groove at the bottom. The inclination angle of the isosceles bevel groove is 45°. The isosceles bevel groove is used to place the turbine shaft. The lowest point of the isosceles bevel groove is set as the starting positioning point. A height positioning device for detecting the height of the upper end surface of the turbine shaft is installed on the side of the vertical inner groove, so as to determine the height H from the upper end surface of the turbine shaft to the starting positioning point. The radius of the turbine shaft is set to a, then H=√2a+a, so as to determine the axial position of the turbine shaft. The distance from the starting positioning point to the chuck in the reset state of the self-centering fixture is set to L. At this time, the turbine shaft can be lifted by L-√2a to make it consistent with the chuck axis. The turbine shaft is lifted and lowered by the lifting and translation mechanism so that the turbine shaft is coaxial with the chuck axis of the spindle box, and the turbine shaft is pushed into the chuck for fixing by the lifting and translation mechanism again. Finally, the centering of the turbine shaft is completed.

[0008] Preferably, the height positioning device includes a laser beam transmitter and a beam receiver, the laser beam transmitter is movably mounted on a lifting seat, a threaded hole is provided on the lifting seat, a lifting threaded rod is inserted in the threaded hole, the lifting threaded rod is fixedly mounted in a side groove provided in a vertical inner groove, one end of the lifting threaded rod extends to a self-centering clamp and is fixedly connected to a driving shaft of a lifting motor, and the lifting seat is driven to perform lifting and translational movements through the rotation of the lifting motor, an electronic grating ruler is also installed on one side of the lifting seat, and the lifting height of the lifting seat is calibrated by the electronic grating ruler, and the beam receiver is installed on the vertical inner groove on the other side, and after the turbine shaft is placed in the isosceles inclined groove, the laser beam transmitter moves downward from the highest point driven by the lifting seat, and when the beam receiver cannot receive the light signal, the position is the vertex of the upper end face of the turbine shaft, and the height parameter is recorded by the grating ruler at this time.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting and translation mechanism that drives the self-centering clamp to perform lifting and translation movements includes a support seat, a pair of internally threaded sliders are fixedly installed on the bottom of the self-centering clamp, and a corresponding sliding groove cooperating with the internally threaded slider is opened in the support seat. A translation screw is also arranged in the sliding groove, and the translation screw passes through the threaded groove of the internally threaded slider. The translation screw is fixedly installed on the driving shaft of the motor. A threaded hole is also opened on the support seat, and a lifting rod is inserted in the threaded hole. One end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the motor, and the lifting rod is movably installed in the bed groove of the external cylindrical lathe.

[0010] Preferably, the self-centering clamp is also provided with a plurality of soot blowing holes in an array at the vertical inner groove, and the plurality of soot blowing holes are connected to an external air pumping device via channels provided in the self-centering clamp, and gas is pumped into the soot blowing holes by the external air pumping device to clean the inside of the self-centering clamp.

[0011] An external cylindrical lathe adopts the turbine shaft self-centering tooling.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention realizes rapid loading of the turbine shaft by using two self-centering clamps. The turbine shaft is directly placed on the isosceles bevel groove formed by the self-centering clamps without the need for fastening and fixing. The operation is quick and convenient, thereby realizing rapid loading of the turbine shaft.

[0014] The present invention has a simple structure and uses relatively common parts, which is conducive to mass production.

[0015] The present invention can not only perform the centering operation of the turbine shaft, but also detect the verticality of the turbine shaft and the loading device through the arrangement of two self-centering fixtures, thereby improving the final loading accuracy;

[0016] The present invention can quickly determine the axis center by only detecting the height of the upper end surface of the turbine shaft in the isosceles chute, and the detection process is fast and efficient.

[0017] The present invention has a simple structure, and the loading and detection processes are efficient and convenient. It improves the centering efficiency while simplifying the mechanism setting, greatly improves the practicability of the device, and is convenient for mass production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the self-centering fixture of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the turbine shaft of the present invention being installed on a self-centering fixture;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the self-centering calculation process of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the support base connection structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the self-centering fixture of the present invention installed on an external cylindrical lathe;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the soot blowing holes of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1 self-centering fixture, 2 external cylindrical lathe, 3 vertical inner groove, 4 isosceles inclined groove, 5 turbine shaft, 6 starting positioning point, 7 chuck, 8 laser beam transmitter, 9 beam receiver, 10 lifting seat, 11 lifting threaded rod, 12 side groove, 13 lifting motor, 14 electronic grating ruler, 15 support seat, 16 internal thread slider, 17 slide groove, 18 translation screw rod, 19 lifting rod, 20 soot blowing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] A turbine shaft self-centering tooling includes a pair of self-centering fixtures 1, which are arranged in a straight line in a bed slot of an external cylindrical lathe 2, and the self-centering fixtures 1 are synchronously lifted and translated under the drive of the lifting and translation mechanisms installed respectively;

[0029] A turbine shaft placement space is provided in the middle of the self-centering fixture 1. The turbine shaft placement space has vertical inner grooves 3 on both sides and an isosceles bevel groove 4 at the bottom. The inclination angle of the isosceles bevel groove 4 is 45°. The isosceles bevel groove 4 is used to place the turbine shaft 5. The lowest point of the isosceles bevel groove 4 is set as the starting positioning point 6. A height positioning device for detecting the height of the upper end surface of the turbine shaft 5 is installed on the side of the vertical inner groove 3, so as to determine the height H from the upper end surface of the turbine shaft 5 to the starting positioning point 6. The radius of the turbine shaft 5 is set to a, then H=√2a+ a, thereby determining the axial position of the turbine shaft 5, setting the distance from the starting positioning point 6 to the chuck 7 in the reset state of the self-centering fixture 1 to be L, at this time, by lifting the turbine shaft 5 by L-√2a, the axis of the turbine shaft 5 and the chuck 7 can be made consistent, and the turbine shaft 5 is lifted and lowered by the lifting and translation mechanism, so that the turbine shaft 5 is coaxial with the axis of the chuck 7 of the spindle box, and the turbine shaft 5 is pushed into the chuck 7 for fixing by the lifting and translation mechanism again, and finally the centering of the turbine shaft 5 is completed.

[0030] In this embodiment, the self-centering fixture 1 is provided with a pair of isosceles bevel grooves 4 with an inclination angle of 45°. When the same turbine shaft 5 is placed on the self-centering fixture 1, under the action of the turbine shaft 5's own weight, the turbine shaft 5 will abut against the symmetrical position of the isosceles bevel grooves 4. Since it has an inclination angle of 45°, an isosceles right triangle is formed from the axis of the turbine shaft 5 perpendicular to the isosceles bevel grooves 4, the starting positioning point 6 to the vertical point and the axis of the turbine shaft 5. The radius of the turbine shaft 5 is set to a. At this time, it can be calculated that the distance from the starting positioning point 6 to the axis of the turbine shaft 5 is √2a, and then the distance from the axis of the turbine shaft 5 is determined. It can be seen that the length from the vertex of the turbine shaft 5 to the starting positioning point 6 is √2a+a. Therefore, as long as the distance from the starting positioning point 6 to the vertex of the turbine shaft 5 is determined, the length of the radius a can be known. Therefore, it can be determined by calibrating this value. After the numerical value is determined, the distance L-√2a between the starting positioning point 6 and the axis of the chuck 7 is the distance that the self-centering clamp 1 needs to be raised and lowered. Therefore, by lifting the self-centering clamp 1 upward by L-√2a, the axis of the turbine shaft 5 can be made to coincide with the axis of the chuck 7, and then the turbine shaft 5 is pushed into the chuck 7 for fixation by means of translation and sliding in conjunction with the lifting and translation mechanism, thereby finally completing the centering of the turbine shaft 5. This centering method does not require clamping and fixing the turbine shaft 5, and the positioning process only requires knowing the height parameter to be quickly calculated. The process is convenient and efficient, and the loading and calculation process is greatly simplified. In addition, the pair of self-centering clamps 1 provided in this embodiment can also detect the verticality of the turbine shaft 5. When the height detection results of the two self-centering clamps 1 are inconsistent, it is indicated that the turbine shaft 5 may not be placed in accordance with the specifications, or the turbine shaft 5 is bent, and the staff needs to be prompted to check.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] The height positioning device includes a laser beam transmitter 8 and a beam receiver 9. The laser beam transmitter 8 is movably mounted on a lifting seat 10. A threaded hole is provided on the lifting seat 10. A lifting threaded rod 11 is inserted into the threaded hole. The lifting threaded rod 11 is fixedly mounted in a side groove 12 provided in a vertical inner groove 3. One end of the lifting threaded rod 11 extends to the self-centering fixture 1 and is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of a lifting motor 13. The lifting seat 10 is driven to perform lifting and translational movements through the rotation of the lifting motor 13. An electronic grating ruler 14 is also installed on one side of the lifting seat 10. The lifting height of the lifting seat 10 is calibrated by the electronic grating ruler 14. The beam receiver 9 is installed on the vertical inner groove 3 on the other side. After the turbine shaft 5 is placed in the isosceles inclined groove 4, the laser beam transmitter 8 moves downward from the highest point driven by the lifting seat 10. When the beam receiver 9 cannot receive the light signal, the position is the vertex of the upper end face of the turbine shaft 5. At this time, the height parameter is recorded by the grating ruler 14.

[0033] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the height positioning device is further disclosed, which uses a laser beam emitter 8 and a beam receiver 9 as a detection mechanism, drives the laser beam emitter 8 to move up and down through a lifting seat 10, and uses an electronic grating ruler 14 to position the lifting seat 10. Since the position of the starting positioning point 6 is fixed, the height H of the starting positioning point 6 can be determined by measuring the vertical distance between the beam emission position of the laser beam emitter 8 and the starting positioning point 6. This detection method is common and efficient.

[0034] Embodiment three:

[0035] The lifting and translation mechanism that drives the self-centering fixture 1 to perform lifting and translation movements includes a support seat 15. A pair of internally threaded sliders 16 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the self-centering fixture 1. A slide groove 17 that cooperates with the internally threaded slider 16 is correspondingly opened in the support seat 15. A translation screw 18 is also arranged in the slide groove 17. The translation screw 18 passes through the thread groove of the internally threaded slider 16. The translation screw 18 is fixedly installed on the driving shaft of the motor. A threaded hole is also opened on the support seat 15. A lifting rod 19 is inserted in the threaded hole. One end of the lifting rod 19 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the motor. The lifting rod 19 is movably installed in the bed groove of the external cylindrical lathe 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the lifting and translational mechanism is further disclosed, which mainly adopts a screw rod as the main structure of the lifting and translational movement, which works under the drive of the motor to finally realize horizontal and numerical translational sliding. In the drawings of the specification, the specific structure is not illustrated. This is because the screw rod structure is widely used in the prior art, and a similar driving mechanism is also used in Example 2, so it will not be repeated.

[0037] Embodiment 4:

[0038] The self-centering clamp 1 is also provided with a plurality of soot blowing holes 20 in an array at the vertical inner groove 3. The plurality of soot blowing holes 20 are connected to an external air pumping device through a channel provided in the self-centering clamp 1. Gas is pumped into the soot blowing holes 20 by the external air pumping device to clean the inner side of the self-centering clamp 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, a cleaning mechanism inside the self-centering fixture 1 is further disclosed. Since the flatness of the isosceles bevel groove 4 of the self-centering fixture 1 will directly affect the detection result, it is necessary to perform surface cleaning before centering. The above-mentioned wind cleaning and impurity removal can achieve surface finishing and cleaning in a non-contact state, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy.

[0040] An external cylindrical lathe adopts the turbine shaft self-centering tooling.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A turbine shaft self-centering tool, comprising a pair of self-centering fixtures, characterized in that: A pair of the self-centering fixtures are arranged in a straight line in the bed slot of the external cylindrical lathe, and the self-centering fixtures are driven by the lifting and translation mechanisms installed respectively to perform lifting and translation movements synchronously; A turbine shaft placement space is opened in the middle of the self-centering fixture. The turbine shaft placement space has vertical inner grooves on both sides and an isosceles bevel groove at the bottom. The inclination angle of the isosceles bevel groove is 45°. The isosceles bevel groove is used to place the turbine shaft. The lowest point of the isosceles bevel groove is set as the starting positioning point. A height positioning device for detecting the height of the upper end surface of the turbine shaft is installed on the side of the vertical inner groove, so as to determine the height H from the upper end surface of the turbine shaft to the starting positioning point. The radius of the turbine shaft is set to a, then H=√2a+a, so as to determine the axial position of the turbine shaft. The distance from the starting positioning point to the chuck in the reset state of the self-centering fixture is set to L. At this time, the turbine shaft can be lifted by L-√2a to make it consistent with the chuck axis. The turbine shaft is lifted and lowered by the lifting and translation mechanism so that the turbine shaft is coaxial with the chuck axis of the spindle box, and the turbine shaft is pushed into the chuck for fixing by the lifting and translation mechanism again. Finally, the centering of the turbine shaft is completed.

2. A turbine shaft self-centering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height positioning device includes a laser beam transmitter and a beam receiver. The laser beam transmitter is movably mounted on a lifting seat. A threaded hole is provided on the lifting seat. A lifting threaded rod is inserted into the threaded hole. The lifting threaded rod is fixedly mounted in a side groove provided in a vertical inner groove. One end of the lifting threaded rod extends to a self-centering fixture and is fixedly connected to a driving shaft of a lifting motor. The lifting seat is driven to perform lifting and translational movements through the rotation of the lifting motor. An electronic grating ruler is also installed on one side of the lifting seat. The lifting height of the lifting seat is calibrated by the electronic grating ruler. The beam receiver is installed on the vertical inner groove on the other side. After the turbine shaft is placed in the isosceles inclined groove, the laser beam transmitter moves downward from the highest point driven by the lifting seat. When the beam receiver cannot receive an optical signal, the position is the vertex of the upper end face of the turbine shaft. At this time, the height parameter is recorded by the electronic grating ruler.

3. The turbine shaft self-centering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and translation mechanism that drives the self-centering clamp to perform lifting and translation movements includes a support seat, a pair of internally threaded sliders are fixedly installed at the bottom of the self-centering clamp, and a corresponding sliding groove cooperating with the internally threaded slider is opened in the support seat. A translation screw rod is also arranged in the sliding groove, and the translation screw rod passes through the threaded groove of the internally threaded slider. The translation screw rod is fixedly installed on the driving shaft of the motor. A threaded hole is also opened on the support seat, and a lifting rod is inserted in the threaded hole. One end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the motor, and the lifting rod is movably installed in the bed groove of the external cylindrical lathe.

4. The turbine shaft self-centering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-centering clamp is also provided with a plurality of soot blowing holes in an array at the vertical inner groove. The plurality of soot blowing holes are connected to an external air pumping device through channels provided in the self-centering clamp. Gas is pumped into the soot blowing holes through the external air pumping device to clean the inside of the self-centering clamp.

5. An external cylindrical lathe, characterized in that: The external cylindrical lathe adopts the turbine shaft self-centering tooling described in any one of claims 1-4.

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