Composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device and method, battery and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery preparation, in particular to a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device and method, a battery and a vehicle. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device comprises composite current collector preparation equipment, electrode preparation equipment and battery assembly equipment, the composite current collector preparation equipment is used for preparing a composite current collector from a bionic repair material, a high-temperature-resistant material, a thermal safety protection material, a polymer material and a metal current collector; the electrode preparation equipment is used for loading a positive electrode active material on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode plate, and loading a negative electrode active material on the surface of the other composite current collector to form a negative electrode plate; and the battery assembly equipment is used for assembling the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the electrolyte membrane into a battery. The composite current collector and the battery prepared by the invention have a self-repairing function, high temperature resistance and thermal safety protection performance, and the frequency of safety accidents caused by battery faults can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery preparation, and in particular to a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device and method, battery, and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the power core of new energy vehicles, power batteries have reached a relatively advanced technical level in terms of intrinsic safety, energy density and service life. However, during the use of new energy vehicles, there are still safety accidents such as fire and explosion caused by battery failure, which pose a threat to user safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, the present application provides a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device and method, battery, and vehicle that can reduce safety issues caused by battery failure through battery self-repair.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device, comprising a composite current collector preparation device, an electrode preparation device, and a battery assembly device, wherein the electrode preparation device is connected to the composite current collector preparation device and the battery assembly device, respectively;

[0005] The composite current collector preparation device is used to prepare a composite current collector using bionic repair materials, high temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors;

[0006] The electrode preparation equipment is used to load a positive electrode active material on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and to load a negative electrode active material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet;

[0007] The battery assembly equipment is used to assemble the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane into a battery.

[0008] In one embodiment, the polymer material includes a first polymer material and a second polymer material;

[0009] The composite current collector preparation equipment includes:

[0010] a bionic composite capsule preparation unit, configured to prepare a bionic composite capsule using the bionic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, the thermal safety protection material, and the first polymer material, wherein the first polymer material respectively wraps the bionic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material;

[0011] a polymer film-forming unit, for preparing a polymer film using the bionic composite capsule and the second polymer material;

[0012] The composite current collector preparation unit is used for coating and curing the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form the composite current collector.

[0013] In one embodiment, the bionic composite capsule preparation unit includes:

[0014] A bionic repair material preparation machine, used for preparing the bionic repair material;

[0015] Thermal safety protection material preparation machinery, used for preparing the high temperature resistant material and the thermal safety protection material;

[0016] The microcapsule preparation machine is used to compound the bionic repair material, the high temperature resistant material and the thermal safety protection material to form a bionic composite, and to wrap the bionic composite in the first polymer material to form the bionic composite capsule.

[0017] In one embodiment, the polymer film forming unit comprises:

[0018] a polymer preparation machine for preparing the second polymer material;

[0019] a blending machine for mixing the biomimetic composite capsule with the second polymer material;

[0020] The film-forming machine is used for processing the mixed materials into the polymer film.

[0021] In one embodiment, the composite current collector preparation unit includes:

[0022] A surface treatment machine, used for treating the surface of the polymer film to improve the surface morphology and roughness of the polymer film;

[0023] A coating machine, used for coating and curing the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form the composite current collector;

[0024] The calendering and slitting machine is used for calendering and slitting the composite current collector.

[0025] In one embodiment, the electrode preparation equipment comprises:

[0026] a material premixing unit, configured to mix the positive electrode active material with a binder and a conductive agent to form a first mixed material; and to mix the negative electrode active material with the binder and the conductive agent to form a second mixed material;

[0027] The printing loading unit is used to load the first mixed material on the surface of one composite current collector using 3D printing technology to form the positive electrode sheet; and to load the second mixed material on the surface of another composite current collector using 3D printing technology to form the negative electrode sheet.

[0028] In one embodiment, the battery assembly equipment includes:

[0029] A slitting machine unit, used for cutting the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet;

[0030] a winding unit, configured to place the electrolyte membrane between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and to wind the positive electrode sheet, the electrolyte membrane, and the negative electrode sheet to form the battery;

[0031] A welding assembly is used to package the battery.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for preparing a composite current collector and dry electrode battery, comprising:

[0033] Preparation of composite current collectors using bionic repair materials, high temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors;

[0034] Loading a positive electrode active material on the surface of the composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet;

[0035] Loading a negative electrode active material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet;

[0036] The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane are assembled into a battery.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a battery prepared by the composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle comprising the battery provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0039] In the above-mentioned composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device and method, battery, and vehicle, the battery preparation device includes a composite current collector preparation device, an electrode preparation device, and a battery assembly device. The composite current collector preparation device can use biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials, and metal current collectors to prepare composite current collectors. The electrode preparation device can load positive electrode active materials on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and load negative electrode active materials on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet. The battery assembly device can assemble the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, and the electrolyte membrane into a battery. Because the chemical properties of each material do not change during the process of preparing the composite current collector using biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials, and metal current collectors by the composite current collector preparation device, the prepared composite current collector has high-temperature resistance and thermal safety protection properties, thereby improving the high-temperature tolerance and thermal safety protection performance of the prepared battery and reducing the battery performance degradation caused by high temperature. It can be understood that when the battery is operating normally, the high-temperature resistant material can improve the battery's high-temperature tolerance and prevent battery performance degradation due to high temperatures. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal safety protection material can prevent further heat diffusion and reduce the severity of thermal runaway. In addition, when a battery fails, such as when the positive electrode, negative electrode, or electrolyte is damaged, the biomimetic repair material in the composite current collector flows out and can promptly fill and repair the damaged areas of the positive electrode, negative electrode, or electrolyte, achieving self-repair of the battery, thereby reducing the frequency of safety accidents caused by battery failure and ensuring user safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device provided in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a composite current collector preparation device provided in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a bionic composite capsule preparation unit provided in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a polymer film forming unit provided in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a composite current collector preparation unit provided in one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of an electrode preparation device provided in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a battery assembly device provided in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device provided in another embodiment;

[0049] Figure 9 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a composite current collector and dry electrode battery according to one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 10 A schematic flow chart of steps for preparing a composite current collector using a biomimetic repair material, a high-temperature resistant material, a thermal safety protection material, a polymer material, and a metal current collector, provided in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 11 A schematic flow chart of the steps of loading a positive electrode active material on the surface of a composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet and loading a negative electrode active material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet is provided in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings provide embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0054] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include," "comprising," "having," and the like specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0055] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the present application also provides a battery preparation device, including a composite current collector preparation device 110, an electrode preparation device 120 and a battery assembly device 130. The electrode preparation device 120 is connected to the composite current collector preparation device 110 and the battery assembly device 130 respectively.

[0056] The composite current collector preparation equipment 110 is used to prepare a composite current collector using biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety materials, polymer materials, and metal current collectors. Bionic repair materials are developed by simulating the self-repair mechanisms of natural organisms. When an electrode or electrolyte material is damaged, the biomimetic repair materials rapidly fill and repair the damaged area. Bionic repair materials can include materials such as high molecular weight block polymers or nanoparticles. High-temperature resistant materials can include materials with good high-temperature resistance, such as ceramic fibers or high-temperature resistant resins, which can improve the high-temperature tolerance of the composite current collector and the battery. Thermal safety materials can include materials with heat diffusion-blocking properties, such as flame retardants or heat reflectors, to prevent heat from spreading. Polymer materials can include one or more of highly stable polymer materials such as polyamidourea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC). Metal current collectors can include commonly used conductive materials such as copper and aluminum.

[0057] Electrode preparation equipment 120 is used to load a positive electrode active material onto the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and to load a negative electrode active material onto the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode active material can be one or more of lithium nickel composite oxide (LNO), lithium iron manganese phosphate materials, cobalt-based materials, manganese-based materials, lithium-rich manganese-based materials, etc. The negative electrode active material can be one or more of carbon-based materials, silicon-based materials, titanium-based materials, transition metal oxides, transition metal nitrides, phosphides, etc.

[0058] The battery assembly equipment 130 is used to assemble positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets and electrolyte membranes into batteries.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, a battery preparation device includes a composite current collector preparation device 110, an electrode preparation device 120, and a battery assembly device 130. The composite current collector preparation device 110 can use biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials, and metal current collectors to prepare composite current collectors. The electrode preparation device 120 can load positive electrode active materials on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and load negative electrode active materials on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet. The battery assembly device 130 can assemble the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, and the electrolyte membrane into a battery. Since the chemical properties of each material do not change during the process of preparing the composite current collector using biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials, and metal current collectors by the composite current collector preparation device 110, the prepared composite current collector has high-temperature resistance and thermal safety protection properties, thereby improving the high-temperature tolerance and thermal safety protection performance of the prepared battery and reducing the degradation of battery performance due to high temperature. It can be understood that when the battery is operating normally, the high-temperature resistant material can improve the battery's high-temperature tolerance and prevent battery performance degradation due to high temperatures. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal safety protection material can prevent further heat diffusion and reduce the severity of thermal runaway. In addition, when a battery fails, such as when the positive electrode, negative electrode, or electrolyte is damaged, the biomimetic repair material in the composite current collector flows out and can promptly fill and repair the damaged areas of the positive electrode, negative electrode, or electrolyte, achieving self-repair of the battery, thereby reducing the frequency of safety accidents caused by battery failure and ensuring user safety.

[0060] In one embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the composite current collector preparation equipment includes a bionic composite capsule preparation unit 210 , a polymer film forming unit 220 and a composite current collector preparation unit 230 .

[0061] The biomimetic composite capsule preparation unit 210 is used to prepare biomimetic composite capsules using a biomimetic repair material, a high-temperature resistant material, a thermal safety protection material, and a first polymer material. The first polymer material encapsulates the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material. The first polymer material can be one or more of the following polymer materials with good stability, such as polyamidourea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC).

[0062] Specifically, if Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the bionic composite capsule preparation unit 210 may include a bionic repair material preparation machine 310 , a thermal safety protection material preparation machine 320 and a microcapsule preparation machine 330 .

[0063] The bionic repair material preparation machine 310 is used to prepare bionic repair materials.

[0064] The heat safety protection material preparation machine 320 is used to prepare high temperature resistant materials and heat safety protection materials.

[0065] The microcapsule preparation machine 330 is used to compound the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material to form a biomimetic composite. The biomimetic composite is then encapsulated in a first polymer material to form a biomimetic composite capsule. The microcapsule preparation machine 330 can utilize nanotechnology and polymer materials science to compound the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material to form the biomimetic composite. The compounding process essentially involves uniformly physically mixing the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material. The resulting biomimetic composite is a mixture of the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material. The mixing ratio of the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material can be set according to the actual business scenario requirements; for example, it can be 1:1:1. The microcapsule preparation machine 330 then encapsulates the biomimetic composite in the first polymer material to form a biomimetic composite capsule. It is understood that the shell of the biomimetic composite capsule is the first polymer material, and the inner core is a biomimetic composite formed by the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material. When the external environmental conditions of the bionic composite capsule meet the preset changes, the bionic composite capsule will release the internal bionic repair material, high temperature resistant material and thermal safety protection material. When the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet or the electrolyte membrane is damaged, the external environmental conditions of the bionic composite capsule will change. For example, the pressure is significantly higher than the pressure value when the battery is working normally, the temperature is significantly higher than the temperature when the battery is working normally, etc. The bionic composite capsule will release the internal bionic repair material, high temperature resistant material and thermal safety protection material. The bionic repair material will quickly fill and repair the damaged area of ​​the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet or the electrolyte membrane. The thermal safety protection material can prevent the further spread of heat in time and reduce the severity of thermal runaway. In some embodiments, the structure of the bionic composite capsule is a bionic sustained-release microcapsule structure, an active triggered microcapsule structure or a passive triggered microcapsule structure.

[0066] Polymer film forming unit 220 is used to prepare a polymer film using biomimetic composite capsules and a second polymer material. The second polymer material can be one or more of a stable polymer material such as polyamidourea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), or polycarbonate (PC). The second polymer material can be the same as or different from the first polymer material. The first and second polymer materials have similar material properties and good compatibility, ensuring that the polymer film will not separate or degrade during long-term battery use.

[0067] Specifically, if Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the polymer film forming unit 220 includes a polymer preparation machine 410 , a blending machine 420 and a film forming machine 430 .

[0068] Polymer preparation machine 410 is used to prepare the second polymer material. Polymer preparation machine 410 can produce the second polymer material through a polymerization reaction. By controlling polymerization reaction conditions and parameters (such as temperature, pressure, and reaction time), key parameters such as the molecular structure and molecular weight distribution of the second polymer material meet design requirements. Furthermore, polymer preparation machine 410 may include a monitoring and quality control unit to online monitor reaction pressure, reaction temperature, and the amount of remaining reactants, ensuring the stable and reliable quality and performance of the resulting second polymer material.

[0069] Blending machine 420 is used to mix the biomimetic composite capsules with the second polymer material. The mixing ratio of the biomimetic composite capsules to the second polymer material can be 1:1. During the mixing process, the smaller the proportion of the second polymer material, the better, as long as the mixed material can form a stable film. Blending machine 420 precisely controls parameters such as mixing speed, time, and temperature to ensure uniform distribution and complete integration of the biomimetic composite capsules and the second polymer material during the mixing process.

[0070] Film-forming machine 430 is used to process the mixed materials into a polymer film. Film-forming machine 430 may include heating equipment, pressurizing equipment, and stretching equipment. During the process of film-forming machine 430 processing the mixed materials into a polymer film, it is necessary to carefully control conditions such as temperature, pressure, and film-forming speed to form a uniform, dense polymer film. Since the chemical properties of the materials remain unchanged throughout the entire process, the resulting polymer film also possesses the protective and repair functions, high-temperature resistance, and thermal safety protection capabilities of the biomimetic composite capsule.

[0071] The composite current collector preparation unit 230 is used to coat and solidify a polymer film on the surface of a metal current collector to form a composite current collector.

[0072] Specifically, if Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the composite current collector preparation unit 230 includes a surface treatment machine 510 , a coating machine 520 and a calendering and slitting machine 530 .

[0073] The surface treatment machine 510 is used to treat the surface of the polymer film to improve the surface morphology and roughness of the polymer film. The surface treatment machine 510 may include plasma treatment equipment, etching equipment, etc., and can treat the surface of the polymer film through plasma treatment or chemical etching to form a smooth and flat polymer film.

[0074] The coating machine 520 is used to coat and solidify the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form the composite current collector. The coating machine may include magnetron sputtering equipment, electrostatic spraying equipment or electroplating equipment, etc., and can coat and solidify the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector through processes such as magnetron sputtering, electrostatic spraying or electroplating. The metal current collectors used to form the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are different. For example, when the coating machine 520 prepares the composite current collector for forming the positive electrode sheet, metal aluminum can be used as the metal current collector to improve the conductivity and stability of the positive electrode; when the coating machine 520 prepares the composite current collector for forming the negative electrode sheet, metal copper can be used as the metal current collector to optimize the electrochemical performance of the negative electrode. In addition, the coating machine 820 can also include a monitoring unit for monitoring the thickness and uniformity of the coated metal current collector to ensure that the coating quality and uniformity of the metal layer formed by coating the metal current collector meet the design requirements.

[0075] The calendering and slitting machine 530 is used to calender and slit the composite current collector. The calendering process improves the mechanical properties and surface smoothness of the composite film formed by the metal current collector and polymer film. The slitting process cuts the composite film into appropriate sizes to facilitate subsequent processing to form electrode sheets.

[0076] In one embodiment, Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the electrode preparation equipment includes a material premixing unit 610 and a printing load unit 620.

[0077] The material premixing unit 610 is used to mix the positive electrode active material with a binder and a conductive agent to form a first mixed material, and to mix the negative electrode active material with the binder and the conductive agent to form a second mixed material. For example, when the material premixing unit 610 forms the first mixed material, the mixing ratio of the positive electrode active material is approximately 80%-90%, the mixing ratio of the conductive agent is approximately 5%-10%, and the mixing ratio of the binder is approximately 2%-5%. When the material premixing unit 610 forms the second mixed material, the mixing ratio of the negative electrode active material is approximately 80%-90%, the mixing ratio of the conductive agent is approximately 1%-3%, and the mixing ratio of the binder is approximately 5%-10%.

[0078] The printing load unit 620 is used to use 3D printing technology to load a first mixed material on the surface of a composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and to use 3D printing technology to load a second mixed material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet. The printing load unit 620 can first pre-design and simulate the structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and through simulation analysis, predict key parameters such as the interface contact performance and compaction density of the electrode, providing reference data for the 3D printing of the electrode sheet. Through 3D printing technology, the distribution and structure of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material can be accurately controlled, giving the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet a functional microstructure, thereby solving the interface contact problem and compaction density problem between the composite current collector, the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte membrane.

[0079] In one embodiment, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the battery assembly equipment includes a slitting machine group 710, a winding machine group 720 and a welding machine group 730.

[0080] The slitting machine group 710 is used to cut the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets. The slitting machine group 710 can cut the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets into sizes that meet the battery design requirements.

[0081] Winding unit 720 is used to place the electrolyte membrane between the positive and negative electrode sheets and wind the positive, electrolyte, and negative electrode sheets together to form a battery. During the winding process, winding unit 720 monitors the winding quality of the battery cell in real time, precisely controlling the position and tension of each component to ensure uniformity and stability of the resulting battery (or battery cell).

[0082] The welding assembly 730 is used to package the battery. It welds and seals the components within the battery, ensuring stability and sealing. It also adjusts welding time, temperature, and pressure to ensure battery packaging quality.

[0083] In one embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the present application also provides a battery preparation method, including steps S910-S940.

[0084] S910, preparing a composite current collector using bionic repair materials, high temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors.

[0085] Among them, biomimetic repair materials are developed by simulating the self-repair mechanisms of natural organisms. When an electrode or electrolyte material is damaged, the biomimetic repair material rapidly fills and repairs the damaged area. Bionic repair materials can include materials such as high molecular weight block polymers or nanoparticles. High-temperature resistant materials can include materials with excellent high-temperature resistance, such as ceramic fibers or high-temperature resistant resins, to improve the high-temperature tolerance of the resulting composite current collector and the battery. Thermal safety materials can include materials with heat diffusion-blocking properties, such as flame retardants or heat reflectors, to prevent heat from spreading. Polymer materials can include one or more of the following: polyamidourea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), and other highly stable polymer materials. Metal current collectors can include commonly used conductive materials such as copper and aluminum. During the preparation of the composite current collector using the biomimetic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, thermal safety material, polymer material, and metal current collector, the chemical properties of each material remain unchanged.

[0086] S920 , loading a positive electrode active material on a surface of a composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet.

[0087] The positive electrode active material may be one or more of lithium nickel composite oxide (LNO), lithium iron manganese phosphate material, cobalt-based material, manganese-based material, lithium-rich manganese-based material, and the like.

[0088] S930 , loading a negative electrode active material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet.

[0089] The negative electrode active material may be one or more of carbon-based materials, silicon-based materials, titanium-based materials, transition metal oxides, transition metal nitrides, phosphides, and the like.

[0090] S940, assembling the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane into a battery.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present application, a composite current collector is prepared by using biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors, a positive electrode active material is loaded on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and a negative electrode active material is loaded on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet, and the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane are assembled into a battery. Since the chemical properties of each material do not change during the process of preparing the composite current collector using biomimetic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors, the prepared composite current collector has high-temperature resistant properties and thermal safety protection properties, thereby improving the high-temperature tolerance and thermal safety protection performance of the prepared battery and reducing the degradation of battery performance due to high temperature. It can be understood that when the battery is operating normally, the high-temperature resistant material can improve the high-temperature tolerance of the battery and avoid the degradation of battery performance due to high temperature; when the battery suffers from thermal runaway, the thermal safety protection material can prevent further heat diffusion and reduce the severity of thermal runaway. In addition, when a battery fails, such as when the positive electrode, negative electrode or electrolyte is damaged, the bionic repair material in the composite current collector flows out, which can promptly fill and repair the damaged areas of the positive electrode, negative electrode or electrolyte, thereby achieving self-repair of the battery, thereby reducing the frequency of safety accidents caused by battery failure and ensuring the safety of users.

[0092] In one embodiment, the polymer material includes a first polymer material and a second polymer material.

[0093] like Figure 10 As shown, a composite current collector is prepared using a bionic repair material, a high temperature resistant material, a thermal safety protection material, a polymer material and a metal current collector, including steps S1010-S1030.

[0094] S1010, preparing a bionic composite capsule using a bionic repair material, a high temperature resistant material, a thermal safety protection material and a first polymer material.

[0095] The first polymer material respectively encapsulates the biomimetic repair material, the high-temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material. The first polymer material can be one or more of the following polymer materials with good stability, such as polyamide urea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC).

[0096] Specifically, the above step S1010 may include compounding the bionic repair material, the high temperature resistant material, and the thermal safety protection material to form a bionic composite, and wrapping the bionic composite in the first polymer material to form a bionic composite capsule.

[0097] Nanotechnology and polymer materials science can be used to compound bionic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, and thermal safety protection materials to form a bionic composite. Among them, the composite process is essentially to uniformly physically mix the bionic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material. The bionic composite formed is a mixture of bionic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material. The mixing ratio of bionic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material can be set according to the actual business scenario requirements. For example, it can be 1:1:1. Afterwards, the bionic composite is wrapped in a first polymer material to form a bionic composite capsule. It can be understood that the shell of the bionic composite capsule is the first polymer material, and the inner core is a bionic composite formed by a composite of bionic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material. When the external environmental conditions of the bionic composite capsule meet the preset changes, the bionic composite capsule will release the internal bionic repair material, high-temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material. It is understood that when the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, or the electrolyte membrane is damaged, the external environmental conditions of the bionic composite capsule will change. For example, the pressure is significantly higher than the pressure value when the battery is in normal operation, the temperature is significantly higher than the temperature when the battery is in normal operation, etc. The bionic composite capsule will release the internal bionic repair material, high temperature resistant material, and thermal safety protection material. The bionic repair material will quickly fill and repair the damaged area of ​​the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, or the electrolyte membrane. The thermal safety protection material can prevent the further spread of heat in time and reduce the severity of thermal runaway. Exemplarily, the structure of the bionic composite capsule is a bionic sustained-release microcapsule structure, an actively triggered microcapsule structure, or a passively triggered microcapsule structure.

[0098] S1020, preparing a polymer film using the biomimetic composite capsule and the second polymer material.

[0099] The second polymer material can be one or more of the following polymer materials with good stability, such as polyamidourea (PASC), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC). The second polymer material can be the same as or different from the first polymer material. The first and second polymer materials have similar material properties and good compatibility, ensuring that the polymer film will not separate or degrade during long-term battery use.

[0100] Specifically, the bionic composite capsules can be mixed with the second polymer material first, and the mixing ratio of the bionic composite capsules and the second polymer material can be 1:1. During the mixing process, the smaller the proportion of the second polymer material, the better, while ensuring that the mixed material can stably form a film. By precisely controlling parameters such as mixing speed, time and temperature, it is ensured that the bionic composite capsules and the second polymer material are evenly distributed and fully integrated during the mixing process. The mixed material is then processed into a polymer film. For example, the mixed material can be processed into a polymer film by heating, pressurizing, stretching and other processes. In the process of processing into a polymer film, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling conditions such as temperature, pressure, and film-forming speed to form a uniform and dense polymer film. Since the chemical properties of each material do not change during the entire process, the formed polymer film also has the protection and repair functions, high temperature resistance and thermal safety protection capabilities of the bionic composite capsule.

[0101] S1030, coating and curing the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form a composite current collector.

[0102] A polymer film can be coated and cured on the surface of a metal current collector through processes such as magnetron sputtering, electrostatic spraying, or electroplating to form a composite current collector. The specific coating process can be selected based on the actual business scenario. For example, magnetron sputtering can achieve high-quality metal coatings at lower temperatures, while electrostatic spraying is suitable for large-scale production. Coating and curing a polymer film on the surface of a metal current collector not only enhances the conductivity of the composite current collector, but also improves its mechanical strength and stability.

[0103] In addition, the metal current collectors used to form the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet can be different. For example, when preparing a composite current collector for forming the positive electrode sheet, a polymer film can be coated and cured on metal aluminum to improve the conductivity and stability of the positive electrode; when preparing a composite current collector for forming the negative electrode sheet, a polymer film can be coated and cured on metal copper to optimize the electrochemical properties of the negative electrode.

[0104] In some embodiments, before the polymer film is coated and cured on the surface of the metal current collector, the surface of the polymer film may be treated by physical or chemical methods to improve the surface morphology and roughness of the polymer film. For example, the surface of the polymer film may be treated by plasma treatment, chemical etching, or the like to form a smooth and flat polymer film.

[0105] In this embodiment, a composite current collector is prepared using bionic repair materials, high-temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors through a composite process, a polymer film-forming process and a coating process without changing the chemical properties of each material, so that the prepared composite current collector has bionic repair function, high-temperature resistant properties and thermal safety protection performance.

[0106] In some embodiments, after the polymer film is coated and solidified on the surface of the metal current collector, the polymer film coated with the metal current collector can also be subjected to calendaring and slitting treatments. The calendaring treatment can improve the mechanical properties and surface flatness of the composite film formed by the metal current collector and the polymer film, and the slitting treatment can cut the composite film into a suitable size to facilitate subsequent processing to form electrode sheets.

[0107] In one embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, a positive electrode active material is loaded on the surface of a composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and a negative electrode active material is loaded on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet, including steps S1110-S1140.

[0108] S1110 , mixing the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent to form a first mixed material.

[0109] For example, the mixing ratio of the positive electrode active material is about 80%-90%, the mixing ratio of the conductive agent is about 5%-10%, and the mixing ratio of the binder is about 2%-5%.

[0110] S1120 , mixing the negative electrode active material with a binder and a conductive agent to form a second mixed material.

[0111] Illustratively, the mixing ratio of the negative electrode active material is about 80%-90%, the mixing ratio of the conductive agent is about 1%-3%, and the mixing ratio of the binder is about 5%-10%.

[0112] By adding a binder, the binding force between the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material and the composite current collector can be improved.

[0113] S1130, using 3D printing technology to load a first mixed material on the surface of a composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet.

[0114] S1140, using 3D printing technology to load a second mixed material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet.

[0115] The structure of the positive and negative electrode sheets can be pre-designed and simulated. Through simulation analysis, key parameters such as the electrode interface contact performance and compaction density can be predicted, providing reference data for 3D printing of the electrode sheets. 3D printing technology can precisely control the distribution and structure of the positive and negative electrode active materials, giving the positive and negative electrode sheets functional microstructures, thereby solving the interface contact and compaction density issues between the composite current collector, positive and negative electrode active materials, and the electrolyte membrane.

[0116] In one embodiment, a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and an electrolyte membrane are assembled into a battery, including cutting the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, placing the electrolyte membrane between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and winding the positive electrode sheet, the electrolyte membrane and the negative electrode sheet to form a battery.

[0117] The positive and negative electrode sheets are cut to the dimensions required for the battery design. The electrolyte membrane is then placed between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The battery is then wound in this order, followed by the positive electrode sheet, electrolyte membrane, and negative electrode sheet. After winding, the battery can be welded and packaged to ensure the stability and sealing of the internal components.

[0118] It should be noted that the battery preparation methods provided in the above embodiments need to be performed under dry conditions.

[0119] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0120] In one embodiment, the present application further provides a battery, which can be prepared by the battery preparation method provided in any of the above embodiments, or prepared by the battery preparation device provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0121] In one embodiment, the present application also provides a vehicle, which may include the battery provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0122] In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "some embodiments" or "other embodiments" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0123] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0124] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device, characterized in that: It includes a composite current collector preparation device, an electrode preparation device and a battery assembly device, wherein the electrode preparation device is connected to the composite current collector preparation device and the battery assembly device respectively; Wherein, the composite current collector preparation equipment is used to prepare the composite current collector using bionic repair materials, high temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors; The electrode preparation equipment is used to load positive electrode active materials on the surface of one composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet, and to load negative electrode active materials on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet; The battery assembly equipment is used to assemble the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane into a battery.

2. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer material includes a first polymer material and a second polymer material; The composite current collector preparation device comprises: A bionic composite capsule preparation unit, used for preparing a bionic composite capsule by using the bionic repair material, the high temperature resistant material, the thermal safety protection material and the first polymer material, wherein the first polymer material wraps the bionic repair material, the high temperature resistant material and the thermal safety protection material respectively; A polymer film-forming unit, used for preparing a polymer film using the bionic composite capsule and the second polymer material; The composite current collector preparation unit is used for coating and curing the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form the composite current collector.

3. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bionic composite capsule preparation unit comprises: A bionic repair material preparation machine, used for preparing the bionic repair material; Thermal safety protection material preparation machinery, used for preparing the high temperature resistant material and the thermal safety protection material; The microcapsule preparation machine is used to compound the bionic repair material, the high temperature resistant material and the thermal safety protection material to form a bionic composite, and to wrap the bionic composite in the first polymer material to form the bionic composite capsule.

4. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polymer film forming unit comprises: A polymer preparation machine for preparing the second polymer material; A blending machine for mixing the biomimetic composite capsule with the second polymer material; The film-forming machine is used for processing the mixed materials into the polymer film.

5. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite current collector preparation unit comprises: A surface treatment machine, used for treating the surface of the polymer film to improve the surface morphology and roughness of the polymer film; A coating machine, used for coating and curing the polymer film on the surface of the metal current collector to form the composite current collector; The calendering and slitting machine is used for calendering and slitting the composite current collector.

6. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode preparation equipment comprises: A material premixing unit is used to mix the positive electrode active material with a binder and a conductive agent to form a first mixed material; and to mix the negative electrode active material with the binder and the conductive agent to form a second mixed material; The printing loading unit is used to load the first mixed material on the surface of one composite current collector by using 3D printing technology to form the positive electrode sheet; and to load the second mixed material on the surface of another composite current collector by using 3D printing technology to form the negative electrode sheet.

7. The composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery assembly equipment comprises: A slitting machine group, used for cutting the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; A winding unit, used for placing the electrolyte membrane between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and winding the positive electrode sheet, the electrolyte membrane and the negative electrode sheet to form the battery; A welding assembly is used to package the battery.

8. A method for preparing a composite current collector and dry electrode battery, characterized in that: include: Preparation of composite current collectors using bionic repair materials, high temperature resistant materials, thermal safety protection materials, polymer materials and metal current collectors; Loading a positive electrode active material on the surface of the composite current collector to form a positive electrode sheet; Loading negative electrode active material on the surface of another composite current collector to form a negative electrode sheet; The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte membrane are assembled into a battery.

9. A battery, characterized in that: The battery is prepared by the composite current collector and dry electrode battery preparation device described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the battery as claimed in claim 9.

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