Ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction

Abstract

The invention discloses an induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction integrated ballastless track vibration reduction structure, and belongs to the technical field of track traffic. A track plate and a base plate are longitudinally laid along a track line, and the track plate is located above the base plate; the adjusting layer is arranged between the track plate and the base plate; an elastic vibration reduction layer is arranged between the base plate and the piezoelectric device layer, and the elastic vibration reduction layer is filled in a limiting structure in the base plate; a silicon steel sheet iron core structure of an electromagnetic coil is arranged in the elastic vibration reduction layer in the limiting structure; the piezoelectric device layer is located between the adjusting layer and the base plate and connected with the electromagnetic coil through a wire. The piezoelectric material and the magneto-rheological elastomer material are adopted, integration of induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction is achieved, when the pressure is not enough to enable the piezoelectric device to output current, the magneto-rheological elastomer material still has the mechanical property of a common rubber elastomer, the whole structure still can guarantee the vibration reduction function, and meanwhile power-off protection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular relates to a ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction. Background Art

[0002] When the train is running, the dynamic excitation of the wheel and rail will cause track vibration. The ballastless track used in high-speed railways has a large connection stiffness with the lower structure, and the vibration is severe, which will have a serious impact on the durability of the structure and people's lives. The application of vibration-reducing tracks can provide elasticity for the tracks, alleviate wheel-rail impact, and achieve environmental vibration control. The current vibration-reducing tracks are laid with ordinary rubber vibration isolation pads on the base plate, and different rubber pad models are used to change the stiffness of the vibration isolation pads to adjust the vibration reduction effect. That is, the elasticity of the material is used to absorb vibration energy, which is passive vibration reduction. The structure is relatively simple, but the adaptability to the external environment is poor.

[0003] For rail transit vibration, the track vibration caused by high-frequency impact of wheels and rails is the vibration source, which propagates outward through lower foundations such as bridges, tunnels, and roadbeds, and spreads to buildings along the line, causing damage. Correspondingly, the vibration-reducing track controls rail transit from both the vibration source and the propagation path. Vibration isolation pads are the key to the vibration reduction effect of vibration-reducing tracks. In order to adjust the vibration reduction effect, different types of rubber pads are generally selected to change the stiffness of the vibration isolation pads, thereby achieving vibration reduction in a certain frequency band. The wheel-rail vibration of ballastless tracks caused by high-speed railways has a wide-band characteristic. The rail vibration is distributed in the frequency band of 0-1500Hz, and the track structure vibration is mainly distributed in the frequency band of 40-80Hz. The use of conventional rubber vibration isolation pads can only limit the control of the frequency band corresponding to its stiffness, and has poor adaptability.

[0004] Active vibration reduction requires external energy input and control system to actively intervene in vibration, which has good control effect, but the cost and structural complexity are high. Semi-active vibration reduction is between the two, combining the simplicity of passive vibration reduction and the effectiveness of active vibration reduction. Based on the controllability of the damping stiffness of the material itself, it changes the natural frequency of the system and increases the control range of the frequency. The system can be adjusted in real time when the external energy input is limited, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration reduction. Semi-active vibration reduction has a simple structure, low energy consumption, and good control accuracy, providing a new implementation plan for track vibration and noise reduction.

[0005] Common semi-active vibration reduction devices require an external power supply or power grid, and an external controller to make judgments in order to work. These conditions limit their widespread application.

[0006] Magnetorheological Elastomer (MRE) is a new type of intelligent material. Compared with traditional magnetorheological fluid (MRF), it avoids some common problems of magnetorheological fluid such as easy precipitation, poor stability, and particle wear, while retaining the characteristics of adjustable stiffness and damping. The remarkable characteristic of magnetorheological elastomer is that its elastic modulus can change with the change of the strength of the external magnetic field, that is, under the action of the magnetic field, its stiffness and elasticity can be adjusted in real time, reversibly and controllably. When there is no magnetic field, the elastic modulus of magnetorheological elastomer is relatively low, but it still retains the mechanical properties of ordinary rubber elastomer. Furthermore, the preparation process of magnetorheological elastomer is simple, the price is low, its application device does not need to be sealed, and the characteristics are stable, which makes magnetorheological elastomer have a wide range of application potential in the fields of vibration isolation, vibration reduction, flexible robots and intelligent structures. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a ballastless track vibration reduction structure that integrates induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction, so as to solve the problem that existing track vibration and noise reduction products require an external power supply and controller and have a single operating frequency band.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction, comprising a track plate, an adjustment layer, a base plate, an elastic vibration reduction layer and a piezoelectric device layer;

[0010] The track plate and the base plate are laid longitudinally along the track line, and the track plate is located above the base plate; the adjustment layer is arranged between the track plate and the base plate; an elastic vibration damping layer is arranged between the base plate and the piezoelectric device layer, and the elastic vibration damping layer is filled in the limiting structure in the base plate; a silicon steel sheet iron core structure wound with an electromagnetic coil is arranged in the elastic vibration damping layer located in the limiting structure, and the piezoelectric device layer is located between the adjustment layer and the base plate, and the piezoelectric device layer is connected to the electromagnetic coil through a wire.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a limiting groove arranged along the center line of the base plate; the limiting groove is filled with an elastic vibration damping layer, and a lower concave boss is formed in the limiting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the silicon steel sheet core structure is arranged in the limiting groove, and the silicon steel sheet core structure includes a shell, an electromagnetic coil and an iron core; a plurality of the iron cores are arranged in the shell along the length direction of the limiting groove, and the iron cores are welded to the base plate; the electromagnetic coil is tightly wound on the iron core.

[0013] Furthermore, wire holes are reserved on the upper surfaces of the shell and the elastic vibration-damping layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the piezoelectric device layer includes a support plate, a piezoelectric layer and a flexible protective layer; the support plate is arranged on the upper surface of the elastic vibration damping layer, the piezoelectric layer is arranged on the support plate, and the flexible protective layer is tightly attached to the piezoelectric layer.

[0015] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the support plate; the piezoelectric layer includes a piezoelectric material layer and an electrode material layer; the electrode material layer is symmetrically attached to the two side surfaces of the piezoelectric material layer; the electrode material layer located on the lower side surface is arranged on the groove; the electrode material layers on the two side surfaces are connected with wires; the length of the piezoelectric material layer is greater than the length of the groove.

[0016] Furthermore, one side of the piezoelectric layer is attached to two sides of the notch of the groove, and the other side is attached to the flexible protective layer.

[0017] Furthermore, stoppers are provided on both lateral sides of the adjustment layer and the elastic vibration-damping layer to limit the lateral sliding of the elastic vibration-damping layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the adjustment layer is a CA mortar or a self-compacting concrete layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the material of the elastic vibration damping layer is a magnetorheological elastomer, and a protective cover is bonded outside the magnetorheological elastomer.

[0020] The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction provided by the present invention has the following features:

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention applies piezoelectric materials and magnetorheological elastomer materials to vibration-damping tracks, realizing the integration of induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction. When a vehicle is running on the track, the corresponding output current will be different according to the different pressures transmitted to the piezoelectric device, and the magnetic field of the electromagnet will change accordingly, thereby changing the magnetic flux passing through the magnetorheological elastomer, and then changing the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer vibration-damping layer, so that the vibration-damping layer can achieve adaptive adjustment of stiffness and damping as the vehicle load pressure changes; and the magnetorheological elastomer material itself has the mechanical properties of ordinary rubber elastomers, and can still maintain a certain vibration reduction effect when the pressure is not enough to make the piezoelectric device output current.

[0023] 2. When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated around the coil. After the iron core is inserted into the energized coil, the iron core is magnetized by the magnetic field of the energized coil, and the magnetized iron core also becomes a magnet. In this way, the two magnetic fields are superimposed on each other, and the magnetism can be greatly enhanced. Silicon steel material is used to make the iron core. Such an electromagnet is magnetic when energized, and the electromagnet can be demagnetized immediately after the power is turned off.

[0024] 3. The present invention realizes the integration of induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction, eliminating the redundant external power supply and controller. Different currents can be generated according to different loads, thereby changing the strength of the electromagnetic field, greatly increasing the magnetic flux passing through the magnetorheological elastomer, and the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer are also changed accordingly. The controllable magnetorheological elastomer material vibration reduction and the piezoelectric material pressure-generated electricity characteristics are organically combined, and no external controller is required to judge, and a direct response can be made, and a certain vibration reduction effect is guaranteed after power failure.

[0025] 4. The present invention widens the vibration reduction frequency band and can better cope with broadband vibrations during driving. When using traditional ordinary rubber vibration damping pads for vibration reduction, the vibration reduction frequency band varies according to the different stiffness of the rubber pads. Once the stiffness of the rubber pads is selected, the corresponding vibration reduction frequency band is also fixed. It cannot adaptively adjust and cope with broadband vibrations caused by various wheel-rail impacts during driving, and the vibration reduction effect is limited to a fixed frequency band. The present invention uses magnetorheological elastomer material as the vibration reduction layer, and its stiffness and damping can adaptively change with the change of excitation. The vibration reduction is targeted at the resonance peak, and the vibration reduction frequency band of the vibration reduction layer can be greatly widened.

[0026] 5. The present invention arranges the energized coil in the middle of the magnetorheological elastomer material, which can increase the number of magnetic flux lines passing through the magnetorheological elastomer material, thereby improving the magnetorheological efficiency of the magnetorheological elastomer material, and can effectively cope with the impact vibration caused by different excitations.

[0027] 6. In the present invention, when the pressure is insufficient to make the piezoelectric device output current, the magnetorheological elastomer material still has the mechanical properties of ordinary rubber elastomers, and the entire structure can still ensure the vibration reduction function, while also achieving power-off protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure inside the cavity of the magnetorheological elastomer vibration reduction layer of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric device layer of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view of the elastic body vibration damping layer of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of the work flow of the ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction.

[0033] Among them, 1. track plate; 2. adjustment layer; 3. base plate; 4. elastic vibration reduction layer; 5. silicon steel sheet core structure; 501. shell; 502. core; 503. electromagnetic coil; 6. support plate; 601. groove; 7. piezoelectric layer; 701. piezoelectric material layer; 702. electrode material layer; 8. flexible protective layer; 9. baffle; 10. protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The ballastless track vibration reduction structure of this embodiment integrates induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction. This embodiment realizes the integration of induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction, eliminating redundant external power supplies and controllers. It can generate different currents according to different loads, thereby changing the strength of the electromagnetic field, greatly increasing the magnetic flux passing through the magnetorheological elastomer, and changing the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer accordingly. The controllable magnetorheological elastomer material vibration reduction and the piezoelectric material pressure-generated electricity property are organically combined. No external controller is required to judge, and a direct response can be made, and a certain vibration reduction effect is still guaranteed after power failure. For reference, Figure 1 , which specifically include:

[0037] Track plate 1, adjustment layer 2, base plate 3, elastic vibration reduction layer 4, silicon steel sheet core structure 5, support plate 6, piezoelectric layer 7, flexible protective layer 8, baffle 9 and protective cover 10;

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the track plate 1 and the base plate 3 are laid longitudinally along the track line. The base plate 3 is a reinforced concrete unit structure. One base plate 3 corresponds to one track plate 1 , and the track plate 1 is located above the base plate 3 .

[0039] The adjustment layer 2 is arranged between the track plate 1 and the base plate 3 , and the adjustment layer 2 is a CA mortar or a self-compacting concrete layer.

[0040] An elastic vibration damping layer 4 is arranged between the base plate 3 and the piezoelectric device layer, and the elastic vibration damping layer 4 is filled in the limiting structure in the base plate 3; a silicon steel sheet core structure 5 wound with an electromagnetic coil 503 is arranged in the elastic vibration damping layer 4 located in the limiting structure, the piezoelectric device layer is located between the adjustment layer 2 and the base plate 3, and the piezoelectric device layer is connected to the electromagnetic coil 503 through a wire.

[0041] Limiting structure;

[0042] In order to constrain the influence of lateral train load and longitudinal horizontal braking force on the track structure, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting structure is a limiting groove 601 arranged along the center line of the base plate 3, the limiting groove 601 is filled with an elastic vibration damping layer 4, and a lower concave boss is formed in the limiting groove 601.

[0043] Silicon steel sheet core structure 5;

[0044] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The silicon steel sheet core structure 5 is arranged in the limiting groove 601. As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the silicon steel sheet core structure 5 includes a shell 501, an electromagnetic coil 503 and an iron core 502; a plurality of iron cores 502 are arranged in the shell 501 along the length direction of the limiting groove 601, the iron core 502 is welded on the base plate 3, and the electromagnetic coil 503 is tightly wound on the iron core 502.

[0045] The present embodiment uses a silicon steel core 502, which can be demagnetized immediately after the electromagnet is powered off.

[0046] In order to achieve conductive connection between the electromagnetic coil 503 and the piezoelectric device layer, wire holes are reserved on the upper surfaces of the housing 501 and the elastic vibration-damping layer 4 in this embodiment.

[0047] The silicon steel structure wound with the electromagnetic coil 503 is separated from the magnetorheological elastomer material by the shell 501, and the shell 501 is made of magnetic conductive material.

[0048] a piezoelectric device layer;

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The piezoelectric device layer includes a support plate 6, a piezoelectric layer 7 and a flexible protective layer 8; the support plate 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the elastic vibration damping layer 4, the piezoelectric layer 7 is arranged on the support plate 6, and the flexible protective layer 8 is tightly attached to the piezoelectric layer 7.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, a groove 601 is provided on the support plate 6 . The structure of the groove 601 can provide the piezoelectric layer 7 with a larger deformation space, thereby providing a larger output voltage.

[0051] The piezoelectric layer 7 includes a piezoelectric material layer 701 and an electrode material layer 702; the electrode material layer 702 is symmetrically attached to the two side surfaces of the piezoelectric material layer 701; the electrode material layer 702 located on the lower side surface is arranged on the groove 601; the electrode material layers 702 on both side surfaces are connected to wires, and the length of the piezoelectric material layer 701 is greater than the length of the groove 601.

[0052] Specifically, one side of the piezoelectric layer 7 is attached to two sides of the notch of the groove 601 , and the other side is attached to the flexible protective layer 8 .

[0053] In this embodiment, stoppers 9 for limiting the lateral sliding of the elastic vibration-damping layer 4 are arranged on both lateral sides of the adjustment layer 2 and the elastic vibration-damping layer 4. The stoppers 9 can prevent the vibration-damping layer from lateral sliding.

[0054] In this embodiment, the material of the elastic vibration damping layer 4 is preferably a magnetorheological elastomer, and a protective cover 10 is bonded to the outside of the magnetorheological elastomer, and the protective cover 10 is made of a non-magnetic material. When a magnetorheological elastomer vibration damping layer is used, the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer will change with the change of the magnetic field. When the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coil 503 is changed by electric current, the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer will change with the change of the magnetic field strength, thereby forming a wider active vibration damping frequency band, which has strong feasibility and application prospects.

[0055] In specific tasks:

[0056] When the train passes by, the pressure of the load is transmitted to the piezoelectric device layer. According to the different pressures, the piezoelectric device is divided into two situations, namely, the piezoelectric device does not output current, corresponding to the small pressure condition; the piezoelectric device outputs current, corresponding to the high pressure condition.

[0057] Case 1: When the piezoelectric device does not output current;

[0058] The piezoelectric device does not output current, that is, the corresponding processing method for the small pressure condition is: during operation, when the pressure on the vibration reduction track is lower than the threshold, the stiffness and damping of the magnetorheological elastomer material itself are sufficient to meet the vibration reduction requirements of the overall structure, and this mode is used to deal with it. Specifically: when the train is running, the load pressure is transmitted to the piezoelectric layer 7, and the pressure is not enough to cause the piezoelectric material layer 701 to deform, and current cannot be output. Correspondingly, the electromagnetic coil 503 cannot be energized, and the vibration reduction track relies on the characteristics of the magnetorheological elastomer material itself for vibration reduction. Under this condition, the magnetorheological elastomer material itself has the mechanical properties of ordinary rubber elastomers. The high-frequency impact force of the wheel and rail is transmitted to the elastic vibration reduction layer 4 through the track plate 1 and the CA mortar adjustment layer 2, and the force transmitted to the magnetorheological elastomer is consumed by the magnetorheological elastomer's own damping. That is, when the pressure is small, the magnetorheological elastomer vibration reduction layer itself can absorb the energy transmitted by the vibration to achieve the effect of vibration reduction.

[0059] In case 2, the piezoelectric device outputs current;

[0060] The output current of the piezoelectric device, that is, the corresponding processing method for the high pressure condition is:

[0061] refer to Figure 5During operation, when the pressure on the vibration-damping track is greater than the threshold, the wheel-rail vibration of the ballastless track caused by the high-speed railway has a broadband characteristic, and the stiffness of the vibration-damping pad needs to be changed to widen the vibration-damping frequency band. This mode is used to deal with it. Specifically: When the high-speed railway is running, the pressure of the load is transmitted to the piezoelectric layer 7. Since the support plate 6 is provided with a groove 601, the piezoelectric material layer 701 can have a larger deformation space, and thus a larger output current. When the current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated around the coil. After the iron core 502 is inserted into the energized coil, the iron core 502 is magnetized by the magnetic field of the energized coil, and the magnetized iron core 502 also becomes a magnet. In this way, the two magnetic fields are superimposed on each other, and the magnetism can be greatly enhanced. According to the different pressures, the piezoelectric device can control the size of the output current, thereby changing the strength of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 503, and finally affecting the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer material. According to the different pressures, the damping and stiffness of the vibration-damping layer are adaptively adjusted. At the same time, the electromagnetic coil 503 is arranged on the central axis of the vibration reduction layer of the magnetorheological elastomer, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic coil 503 can pass through the vibration reduction layer within the maximum range after passing through the housing 501 made of magnetic conductive material, so as to change the magnetic field strength in the magnetorheological elastomer. Under this working condition, the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer changes with the change of the magnetic field strength in the elastomer, that is, it changes with the change of the current, and the damping and stiffness of the vibration reduction layer are changed according to the different pressures, so that the vibration reduction layer can obtain a wider and more adaptable vibration reduction frequency band on the vibration reduction frequency of the magnetorheological elastomer itself.

[0062] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction, characterized in that; It includes a track plate, an adjustment layer, a base plate, an elastic vibration reduction layer and a piezoelectric device layer; The track plate and the base plate are laid longitudinally along the track line, and the track plate is located above the base plate; the adjustment layer is arranged between the track plate and the base plate; an elastic vibration damping layer is arranged between the base plate and the piezoelectric device layer, and the elastic vibration damping layer is filled in the limiting structure in the base plate; a silicon steel sheet iron core structure wound with an electromagnetic coil is arranged in the elastic vibration damping layer located in the limiting structure, and the piezoelectric device layer is located between the adjustment layer and the base plate, and the piezoelectric device layer is connected to the electromagnetic coil through a wire.

2. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting structure is a limiting groove arranged along the center line of the base plate; the limiting groove is filled with an elastic vibration reduction layer, and a lower concave boss is formed in the limiting groove.

3. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The silicon steel sheet core structure is arranged in the limiting groove, and the silicon steel sheet core structure includes a shell, an electromagnetic coil and an iron core; a plurality of the iron cores are arranged in the shell along the length direction of the limiting groove, and the iron cores are welded on the base plate; the electromagnetic coil is tightly wound on the iron core.

4. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Wire holes are reserved on the upper surfaces of the shell and the elastic vibration-damping layer.

5. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piezoelectric device layer includes a support plate, a piezoelectric layer and a flexible protective layer; the support plate is arranged on the upper surface of the elastic vibration damping layer, the piezoelectric layer is arranged on the support plate, and the flexible protective layer is closely attached to the piezoelectric layer.

6. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A groove is provided on the support plate; the piezoelectric layer includes a piezoelectric material layer and an electrode material layer; the electrode material layer is symmetrically attached to the two side surfaces of the piezoelectric material layer; the electrode material layer located on the lower side surface is arranged on the groove; the electrode material layers on the two side surfaces are connected with wires; the length of the piezoelectric material layer is greater than the length of the groove.

7. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: One side of the piezoelectric layer is attached to two sides of the notch of the groove, and the other side is attached to the flexible protective layer.

8. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Stops for limiting the lateral sliding of the elastic vibration-damping layer are arranged on both lateral sides of the adjustment layer and the elastic vibration-damping layer.

9. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The adjustment layer is a CA mortar or a self-compacting concrete layer.

10. The ballastless track vibration reduction structure integrating induction power generation and frequency modulation vibration reduction according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The material of the elastic vibration damping layer is a magnetorheological elastomer, and a protective cover is bonded outside the magnetorheological elastomer.

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