Method for microbial storage of mulberry branches and leaves

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop micro-storage, in particular to a method for micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves, which comprises the following steps: mixing mulberry branches and leaves and corn flour according to a ratio of 9: 1, and filling the mixture into a vacuum bag to obtain a mixture; and spraying the bacterial liquid into the mixture, sealing, and preserving in a dark place at room temperature to obtain the mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed. The mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed is most excellent in sensory evaluation and various nutritional indexes such as crude protein, fat, medium acid pickling and volatile acid, can effectively promote growth and development of dairy cows, is simple and convenient in method and low in application cost, and can be processed and treated on a large scale in production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mixed micro-storage of crops, and in particular to a method for micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increase in demand for livestock and poultry feed and the pressure on the supply of grain resources, finding alternative feed resources has become an important issue in the development of animal husbandry. In this context, plant resources such as mulberry branches and leaves have attracted much attention as potential sources of high-quality feed. Mulberry branches and leaves are rich in nutrients and are widely distributed in my country, with good growth conditions and adaptability. At the same time, corn flour is widely used in livestock feed as a common feed raw material, with rich energy and nutrients. The feed utilization of mulberry branches and leaves is of great significance to solving the contradiction between supply and demand of livestock and poultry feed in my country. At present, according to the developed products, they can be mainly divided into three categories, including fresh feed of mulberry branches and leaves, micro-storage feed of mulberry branches and leaves, and compound feed mixed with mulberry branches and leaves and other feeds.

[0003] As a new feed processing method, mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed has potential production value and application prospects. The storage and fermentation process of micro-storage feed can retain the original nutrients of the plant, and the mixed treatment can expand the range of feed variety selection to a certain extent and improve the overall nutritional value of the feed. Studies have shown that using micro-storage mulberry branches and leaves to replace part of the daily diet of dairy cows can improve the antioxidant capacity of dairy cows, increase the concentration of propionic acid in the rumen of dairy cows, and promote milk fat production. The addition of corn flour can promote the rapid growth of lactic acid bacteria during anaerobic fermentation, while maintaining a stable low pH environment. Based on this, it is urgent to provide a mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed with excellent effects, so as to reduce production costs and further increase its nutritional value by adjusting the ratio. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves, which explores the process of micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves by adding cornmeal in different proportions, and finally obtains a specific addition proportion that can effectively improve the nutritional value level of the micro-storage feed.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves, comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing mulberry branches and leaves with corn flour in a ratio of 9:1 and putting the mixture into a vacuum bag to obtain a mixture; (2) Spray the bacterial liquid into the mixture, seal it, and store it away from light at room temperature to obtain the mulberry branch and corn flour mixed micro-storage feed.

[0006] Furthermore, in step (1), the mulberry branches and leaves are harvested by mowing the whole plant when the new branches and leaves grow to 80-90 cm, leaving a stubble height of about 6 cm, and retaining tender branches, petioles and leaves.

[0007] Furthermore, the water content of the mulberry branches and leaves is 60%-65%, and they are cut into 2-3 cm by a cutting machine.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (2), the bacterial solution includes distilled water, glucose, beef extract and micronutrient additives.

[0009] Furthermore, the amount of glucose added is 10%, and the amount of beef extract added is 10%.

[0010] Furthermore, the micro-storage additive includes lactic acid bacteria.

[0011] The invention also provides a mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed prepared by the preparation method.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention uses a commercial fermentation agent to mix mulberry and corn flour in proportion for fermentation, aims to explore the appropriate proportion of mulberry branches and leaves corn flour mixed micro-storage feed, so as to provide new high-efficiency feed resources for animal husbandry, promote the sustainable development of breeding industry, and maximize the use of plant resources and agricultural product by-products, promote the green development of animal husbandry and resource recycling. When 90% of mulberry branches and leaves and 10% of corn flour are mixed for micro-storage fermentation, the mulberry branches and leaves corn flour mixed micro-storage feed finally obtained is the best in terms of sensory evaluation and various nutritional indicators such as crude protein, fat, medium pickling, volatile acid, etc., and can effectively promote the growth and development of dairy cows. The method of the invention is simple, low in application cost, and can be processed on a large scale in production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a product picture of the mulberry branch leaf corn flour mixed micro-storage feed prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a product picture of the mulberry branch leaf corn flour mixed micro-storage feed prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0017] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0018] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to the skilled artisan. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0019] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0020] The specific preparation method of the mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed in the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) When harvesting, cut the entire plant when the new mulberry branches and leaves grow to 80-90 cm, leaving a stubble height of about 6 cm, retaining the tender branches, petioles and leaves; the moisture content of the mulberry branches and leaves to be harvested is 60%-65%, and they are cut short to 2-3 cm using a cutting machine.

[0021] (2) Mix mulberry branches and leaves and cornmeal in a mass ratio of 9:1, put 300 g of the mixture into a vacuum bag, and evenly spray 40 ml of the bacterial solution on 300 g of the mixture using the vacuum bag micro-storage method. Seal the bag and store it away from light at room temperature. After fermentation for 45 days, open the bag and measure the relevant indicators of the micro-storage feed.

[0022] The bacterial solution was distilled water, 10% glucose, 10% beef extract and 10% micro-storage additive, and 120 ml of bacterial solution was prepared for use. The micro-storage additive used was a mixed feed additive OKH4601 (purchased from Luoyang Oubaike Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), containing ≥1.0×10 9 CFU / g, Lactobacillus plantarum ≥1.0×10 8 CFU / g, Lactobacillus buchneri≥1.0×10 8 CFU / g, moisture ≤9.0%.

[0023] Lactic acid bacteria are the main microorganisms in the fermentation process of micro-storage feed and are crucial to the fermentation quality of micro-storage feed. Previous studies have found that lactic acid bacteria additives can not only produce a large amount of lactic acid and reduce the pH value of micro-storage feed during the micro-storage process, but also have a profound impact on the microbial composition of the entire micro-storage feed during the fermentation process, and produce a large number of metabolites with potential health benefits for livestock.

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.

[0025] Example 1 The specific preparation method of mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed in the present embodiment 1 comprises the following steps: (1) The mulberry branches and leaves used in this embodiment were provided by the Genben Mulberry Picking Garden in Baoding City, Hebei Province, with a water content of 68%. They were cut into 2-3 cm in length and mixed in a ratio of 90% mulberry branches and leaves and 10% corn flour to obtain mulberry branch and leaf corn flour; (2) The vacuum bag micro-storage method was adopted. The bacterial liquid was added to the mulberry branch and corn flour in a mass volume ratio of 15:2 and mixed evenly. The micro-storage and fermentation were carried out at 25°C for 45 days. During the micro-storage process, attention should be paid to moisture-proof, insect-proof and rodent-proof. Attention should be paid to checking the sealing of the vacuum bag after micro-storage. If there is any leakage, the bag should be re-sealed. After 45 days of vacuum micro-storage, the bag should be opened. The micro-storage effect can be preliminarily judged through sensory evaluation. The samples can then be processed to detect various nutritional indicators of the micro-stored feed, such as crude protein, fat, medium pickling, volatile acid, etc.

[0026] Example 2 The specific preparation method of the mulberry branch and leaf micro-feed in Example 2 is different from that in Example 1, except that the ratio of mulberry branch and leaf to corn flour is 10:1.

[0027] Example 3 The specific preparation method of the mulberry branch and leaf micro-feed in Example 3 is different from that in Example 1, except that the ratio of mulberry branch and leaf to corn flour is 5:1.

[0028] Test Example 1 In this test example, the nutritional index content and use effect of the mulberry branch and corn flour mixed micro-storage feed prepared in Examples 1-3 and the mulberry branch and corn flour micro-storage feed in the prior art were tested, and the final results are shown in Table 1-2.

[0029]

[0030] In view of the market demand for aquaculture feed, creating alternative feed resources has become an important research content in animal husbandry. Mulberry branches and leaves have become the focus of attention. Mulberry branches and leaves have high water and soluble sugar content, and micro-storage is difficult. The present invention finds that by adding an appropriate amount of cornmeal in the micro-storage process, the quality of micro-storage can be improved, and the problem of shortage of livestock and poultry feed can be solved. At the same time, the present invention uses a commercial fermentation agent to mix feed mulberry and corn flour in proportion for fermentation, aiming to explore the appropriate proportion of mulberry branches and corn flour mixed micro-storage feed, in order to provide new and efficient feed resources for animal husbandry, promote the sustainable development of aquaculture, and maximize the use of plant resources and agricultural by-products, promote the green development of animal husbandry and resource recycling. It can be seen from Table 1 above that when 90% mulberry branches and 10% corn flour are mixed for micro-storage fermentation, the mulberry branches and corn flour mixed micro-storage feed finally obtained is the best in terms of sensory evaluation and various nutritional indicators such as crude protein, fat, medium pickling, volatile acid, etc., and can effectively promote the growth and development of dairy cows. The method of the present invention is simple, the application cost is low, and it can be processed on a large scale in production.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for micro-storage of mulberry branches and leaves, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mixing mulberry branches and leaves with corn flour in a ratio of 9:1 and putting the mixture into a vacuum bag to obtain a mixture; (2) Spray the bacterial liquid into the mixture, seal it, and store it away from light at room temperature to obtain the mulberry branch and corn flour mixed micro-storage feed.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the mulberry branches and leaves are harvested by mowing the whole plant when the new branches and leaves grow to 80-90 cm, leaving a stubble height of about 6 cm, and retaining tender branches, petioles and leaves.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mulberry branches and leaves have a water content of 60%-65% and are cut into 2-3 cm by a cutting machine.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the bacterial solution includes distilled water, glucose, beef extract and micronutrient additives.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The added amount of glucose is 10%, and the added amount of beef extract is 10%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro-storage additives include lactic acid bacteria.

7. A mulberry branch and leaf micro-feed prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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