Passive brain-computer interface system based on intravascular stent

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive brain-computer interface system based on an intravascular stent. The passive brain-computer interface system comprises at least one extensible intravascular stent, a charging module, a brain signal receiving module and a brain signal analysis module, the expandable intravascular stent comprises a stent net, an intracranial physiological signal detection module, a wireless charging module, a wireless communication module and a stent circuit, the wireless charging module is used for receiving a wireless charging signal sent by the charging module and providing a power supply signal according to the wireless charging signal; the brain signal receiving module is used for sending a received brain signal to the brain signal analysis module; and the brain signal analysis module is used for obtaining an analysis result according to the brain signal. According to the embodiment of the invention, an intracranial electroencephalogram signal can be collected in a low-risk manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the fields of computer technology and medical technology, and more specifically, to a passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, EEG signal recording based on invasive intracranial electrodes has attracted much attention in the development of brain-computer interface technology. By recording EEG signals through intracranial electrodes, EEG signals with a wider frequency range and stronger signal strength can be obtained. At the same time, through the design of the electrodes, local field potential signals of multi-neuron discharges can be collected, and the electrical activity of single neuron cells can also be collected, laying an important data foundation for brain-computer interface related applications. However, current rod-shaped electrodes (such as sEEG (stereoElectro EncephaloGraphy) electrodes, DBS (Deep Brain Stimulation) electrodes), cortical electrodes (ECoG, Electrocorticography), Utah electrodes and other intracranial electrodes all require craniotomy, which is a complicated surgical procedure and may cause multiple risks such as intracranial hemorrhage and brain tissue damage, limiting the application of invasive brain-computer interfaces.

[0003] Therefore, how to implement intracranial electrode technology using a less risky solution is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent, which helps to collect intracranial EEG signals in a low-risk manner.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: at least one expandable vascular stent, a charging module, a brain signal receiving module, and a brain signal analyzing module;

[0006] Among them, the expandable vascular stent includes: a stent net, an intracranial physiological signal detection module, a wireless charging module, a wireless communication module, and a stent circuit;

[0007] The stent net is an expandable support frame; the intracranial physiological signal detection module, the wireless charging module, the wireless communication module, and the stent circuit are fixedly arranged on the stent net, and when the stent net is expanded and contacts the blood vessel wall, the intracranial physiological signal detection module is used to obtain intracranial physiological signals;

[0008] The wireless charging module is used to receive the wireless charging signal sent by the charging module and provide a power supply signal according to the wireless charging signal;

[0009] The bracket circuit is electrically connected to the intracranial physiological signal detection module and is used to generate a brain signal for analyzing the brain state according to the brain physiological signal obtained by the intracranial physiological signal detection module;

[0010] The wireless communication module is used to send brain signals to the brain signal receiving module;

[0011] The brain signal receiving module is used to send the received brain signal to the brain signal analyzing module;

[0012] The brain signal analysis module is used to obtain analysis results based on brain signals.

[0013] The passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an expandable vascular stent capable of collecting intracranial physiological signals, thereby improving the accuracy of intracranial physiological signal collection. At the same time, the implantation of the expandable vascular stent does not require craniotomy, which helps to use a simple and low-risk method to examine intracranial physiological signals related to brain diseases, helps to reduce the pain of surgery for patients, and obtains accurate examination results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the framework structure of a passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an expandable vascular stent provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second wireless charging coil according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a circuit network wiring method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5A A schematic diagram of a serpentine wiring according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5B Another serpentine wiring schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an expandable vascular stent in an example of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural framework diagram of a bracket circuit composition of an example of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a connection structure of a tuning unit and a wireless transceiver circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig. 9 An example of connection between an impedance calculation processor and an impedance measurement unit;

[0025] Fig.10 is an example of an adjustable impedance matching network.

[0026] The reference numerals in the above drawings are as follows:

[0027] 11. Expandable vascular stent; 12. Charging module; 13. Brain signal receiving module; 14. Brain signal analysis module; 15. Medical terminal; 16. Server-side device; 21. Stent network; 22. Circuit layer; 31. Outer circle; 32. Inner circle; 33. Coil cross section; 34. Wire; 51. First line segment; 52. Second line segment; 53. Third line segment; 61. Stent network; 62. Intracranial microelectrode; 63. Second wireless charging coil; 64. Intracranial sensor unit; 65. Stent circuit; 121. First MOS switch; 122. Second MOS switch; 123. MOS switch subunit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0029] The passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent provided in the embodiment of the present application has a structure as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an expandable vascular stent 11, a charging module 12, a brain signal receiving module 13, a brain signal analyzing module 14, and a medical terminal 15;

[0030] The expandable vascular stent 11 includes: a stent net, an intracranial physiological signal detection module, a wireless charging module, a wireless communication module, and a stent circuit;

[0031] The stent net is an expandable support frame; the intracranial physiological signal detection module, the wireless charging module, the wireless communication module, and the stent circuit are fixedly arranged on the stent net, and when the stent net is expanded and contacts the blood vessel wall, the intracranial physiological signal detection module is used to obtain intracranial physiological signals;

[0032] The wireless charging module is used to receive the wireless charging signal sent by the charging module and provide a power supply signal according to the wireless charging signal;

[0033] The bracket circuit is electrically connected to the intracranial physiological signal detection module and is used to generate a brain signal for analyzing the brain state according to the brain physiological signal obtained by the intracranial physiological signal detection module;

[0034] The wireless communication module is used to send brain signals to the brain signal receiving module;

[0035] The brain signal receiving module 13 is used to send the received brain signal to the brain signal analyzing module;

[0036] The brain signal analysis module 14 is used to obtain analysis results based on the brain signals.

[0037] The brain signal receiving module 13 is used to wirelessly receive the brain signal sent by the expandable vascular stent end, and send the brain signal to the brain signal analyzing module 14 for analysis.

[0038] The brain signal receiving module 13 can establish an electromagnetic link connection with the wireless communication module of the expandable vascular stent 11, and receive the brain signal sent by the wireless communication module through the electromagnetic link.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the wireless communication module and the wireless charging module of the expandable vascular stent 11 can be two separate modules or a combined module.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the brain signal analysis module 14 may include units for analyzing different types of brain signals. For example, when the intracranial physiological signal detected by the intracranial physiological signal detection module includes an intracranial pressure physiological signal, the brain health status analysis can be performed based on the obtained intracranial pressure physiological signal. When the intracranial physiological signal detection module is capable of detecting a variety of different intracranial physiological signals, the brain signal analysis module 14 can perform a fusion analysis on a variety of different intracranial physiological signals. For example, the intracranial physiological signals detected by the intracranial physiological signal detection module include intracranial pressure physiological signals and brain electrophysiological signals, which can analyze and evaluate the post-injury recovery status of brain injury patients. At the same time, in the case where there are possible or confirmed lesions in the brain and it is necessary to monitor brain signals other than intracranial physiological signals in real time, other brain signals (such as cerebral blood flow) can be measured in the cerebral blood vessels while monitoring the intracranial physiological signals to improve the comprehensiveness of the patient's brain monitoring.

[0041] In another possible implementation, the passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent also includes an extracorporeal physiological signal detection module for obtaining extracorporeal physiological signals and generating extracorporeal signals based on the extracorporeal physiological signals; the brain signal analysis module is also used to obtain analysis results for brain detection based on the extracorporeal signals and brain signals. For example, the intracranial physiological signals detected by the intracranial physiological signal detection module include intracranial pressure physiological signals, and the extracorporeal physiological signals detected by the extracorporeal physiological signal detection module include motion physiological signals, which can provide real-time monitoring of diseases such as cerebral infarction and acute stroke.

[0042] In another possible implementation, the passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent includes an internal part and an external part. The internal part is located in the patient's blood vessel when in use, and the external part is arranged outside the patient. Figure 1 The expandable vascular stent 11 shown in the figure; the external part includes Figure 1 The charging module 12, the brain signal receiving module 13, and the brain signal analyzing module 14 are shown. When the expandable vascular stent 11 is needed to collect intracranial physiological signals, the charging module 12 is turned on to operate the entire passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent. If it is not necessary to collect intracranial physiological signals, the charging module 12 is turned off, and the expandable vascular stent 11 plays a role in supporting the vascular wall in the cerebral blood vessels.

[0043] At the same time, the brain signal analysis module 14 can also determine whether the objective conditions in the cerebral blood vessels are suitable for the continuous retention of the expandable vascular stent 11 by analyzing the brain signals generated by intracranial physiological signals such as intracranial pressure and intracranial blood flow, and assist in judging the survivability of the implanted expandable vascular stent.

[0044] The passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an expandable vascular stent capable of collecting intracranial physiological signals, thereby improving the accuracy of intracranial physiological signal collection. At the same time, the implantation of the expandable vascular stent does not require craniotomy, which helps to use a simple and low-risk method to examine intracranial physiological signals related to brain diseases, helps to reduce the pain of surgery for patients, and obtains accurate examination results.

[0045] In one embodiment, still referring to Figure 1The passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent also includes a server-side device, and then when the brain signal receiving module 13 maintains a network connection with the server, the brain signal receiving module 13 is also used to send brain signals to the server-side device 16. The server-side device 16 can perform analysis and data calculation operations based on the brain signals forwarded by the brain signal receiving module 13, obtain the server-side inspection results, and send them to the brain signal receiving module 13, and the brain signal receiving module 13 further sends the server-side inspection results to the brain signal analysis module 14. The brain signal analysis module 14 can determine the final display results based on the server-side inspection results and the local inspection results.

[0046] In another embodiment, Figure 1 The server-side device shown can also receive the examination results obtained by the brain signal analysis module 14 while maintaining a network connection with the brain signal analysis module 14, and send the examination results to the corresponding medical terminal 15, so that the medical staff of the medical terminal 15 can also quickly and conveniently realize remote assisted monitoring of the patient's brain health status.

[0047] In one embodiment, after receiving the brain signal, the server-side device 16 can use the model deployed on the server side to analyze the brain signal. The server-side device 16 may include a model module, and the server side may deploy multiple different analysis models. The analysis model can be trained using the user's medical consultation and examination data stored on the server side. Different analysis models can be trained for different brain signals, and each analysis model is connected to a reference model. The learning data of different analysis models can be shared through the reference model to achieve the sharing of learning information of different analysis models.

[0048] In one embodiment, the wireless charging module, the wireless communication module, and the bracket circuit are arranged outside the bracket network.

[0049] Through this embodiment, the positions of the other parts of the expandable vascular stent except the stent mesh are limited between the stent mesh and the blood vessel wall, reducing the risk of other parts falling off due to blood flow.

[0050] In one embodiment, the charging module includes a first wireless charging coil; the first wireless charging coil is disposed in a charging contact element of the head-mounted fixing band; the wireless charging module includes a second wireless charging coil fixed to the bracket net;

[0051] The charging module uses the first wireless charging coil to send a wireless charging signal to the second wireless charging coil;

[0052] The wireless charging module receives the wireless charging signal using the second wireless charging coil.

[0053] In this embodiment, the second wireless charging coil is a retractable coil.

[0054] In this embodiment, the head-mounted fixing belt can be a band-shaped headscarf or a cap-shaped headscarf. A plurality of charging contact elements can be provided on the head-mounted fixing belt, and the charging contact elements are detachably fixed to the head-mounted fixing belt and adjusted along with the position of the expandable vascular stent in the human body.

[0055] In one embodiment, the passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent may include multiple expandable vascular stents, each of which may be implanted at a different position in the cerebral blood vessel. In the case where multiple expandable vascular stents are provided, multiple charging contact elements are also configured accordingly, and the position of each charging contact element is adapted to the implantation position of the expandable vascular stent.

[0056] In one example of the present application, the wireless communication module includes a wireless communication coil, and the wireless communication coil reuses the second wireless charging coil included in the wireless charging module, and is unfolded as the stent network is unfolded. After the stent is unfolded, the second wireless charging coil can not only receive the electromagnetic energy sent by the charging module to provide working power for the circuit system, but also can be used as a communication element to realize data exchange with the brain signal receiving module. In this case, the brain signal receiving module includes a wireless signal receiving coil, which reuses the first wireless charging coil included in the charging module. In this way, the passive brain-computer interface system based on the vascular stent provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes the functions of charging and communication through the first wireless charging coil and the second wireless charging coil, which helps to further reduce the volume of the expandable vascular stent in the body and improve the convenience and safety of the application of the expandable vascular stent in the blood vessel.

[0057] In one embodiment, the support mesh is in the shape of a pipe on the mesh surface; the normal direction of the second wireless charging coil is perpendicular to the axial direction of the support mesh;

[0058] The charging contact element has a flexible contact surface, and the coil cross-section of the first wireless charging coil is adapted to the flexible contact surface.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second wireless charging coil is attached and fixed to the side of the support network, the cross section of the coil is substantially parallel to the pipeline axis of the support network, the cross section of the coil is a curved surface and the shape is adapted to the side of the pipeline of the support network.

[0060] In one embodiment, the brain signal analysis module includes a plurality of intracranial microelectrodes; the brain physiological signal includes an electroencephalographic physiological signal;

[0061] And / or, the brain signal analysis module includes at least one intracranial sensor unit; the brain physiological signal includes an intracranial pressure physiological signal.

[0062] In one embodiment, the second wireless charging coil is attached and fixed to the side of the support net, the coil cross section is substantially parallel to the pipe axis of the support net, the coil cross section is a curved surface and the shape is adapted to the side of the pipe of the support net. At the same time, the intracranial electrode is arranged outside the coil cross section of the second wireless charging coil; and the intracranial sensor unit is arranged inside the coil cross section of the second wireless charging coil.

[0063] In this embodiment, the intracranial microelectrode is an intracranial electrode, which is a multi-contact electrode made of special material, which can directly record the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex, collect electrophysiological signals or perform electrical stimulation. It can be fixed in the bracket net by embedding, and electrically connected to other parts of the circuit system on the bracket net through wires. The intracranial electrodes of the embodiments of the present application can generally be divided into deep electrodes, subdural strip electrodes and grid-shaped cortical electrodes. The cortical EEG or deep EEG recorded by intracranial electrodes can maximize the elimination of the influence of structures such as the scalp, skull, and dura mater on the recording of EEG activity; as well as the influence of the conduction and spread of EEG activity to the surrounding or distant areas on the judgment of the origin of the disease attack.

[0064] Recording EEG signals through intracranial electrodes avoids the low-pass filtering effect of human tissue structures such as the skull and scalp, and can obtain EEG signals with a wider frequency range and stronger signal strength. At the same time, the design of the electrodes can collect local field potential signals of multi-neuron discharges, and can also collect the electrical activity of single neuron cells.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the expandable vascular stent further includes:

[0066] The circuit layer includes insulated wires; the circuit layer electrically connects the intracranial microelectrode with the bracket circuit, and also electrically connects the intracranial sensor unit with the bracket circuit.

[0067] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in the axial perspective of the stent mesh, a circuit layer 22 is arranged on the outer ring of the stent mesh 21, and the circuit layer 22 is used to realize the necessary electrical connection between all components of the expandable vascular stent of the passive brain-computer interface system. In this embodiment, the insulated wire is a wire wrapped with an insulating layer.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the second wireless charging coil includes a plurality of closed-loop single-loop coils; the single-loop coils are arranged to be serpentine.

[0069] In this embodiment, the single-turn coil of the second wireless charging coil is a circular or elliptical closed loop wound by a wire, and when each closed loop is enlarged, the area covered by the wire is annular, including an outer circle and an inner circle. Figure 3As shown, the single-loop wire 34 provided in this embodiment is arranged in a serpentine manner between the outer loop 31 and the inner loop 32, spreading along the annular area between the outer loop 31 and the inner loop 32, and the first part is closed. Thus, in the case of shrinking, the coil cross section 33 of the second wireless charging coil is oval or rectangular.

[0070] In one embodiment, the insulated wires of the circuit layer are also arranged to be serpentine. The routing method may be similar to that of the second wireless charging coil, such as Figure 4 As shown. The serpentine routing method used can be similar to the routing method of the coil. When the circuit layer is unfolded, the wire is pulled up and extended along the x and y directions of the plane coordinate system. When the stent mesh is contracted, the bay lines are contracted together to facilitate minimally invasive implantation through blood vessel puncture. When in the blood vessel, the stent is in the open state, and the circuit layer can be fully extended due to the bay line design.

[0071] In one embodiment, when the brain signal analysis module includes a plurality of intracranial microelectrodes and at least one intracranial sensor unit, the support circuit is an integrated circuit (SoC, System on Chip) including: a tuning unit, a wireless transceiver, a control unit, an intracranial electrode subcircuit, a microelectrode selection switch, a wireless charging unit, and a sensor unit interface;

[0072] The tuning unit is configured to transmit radio frequency information to and from the wireless charging and wireless communication coils, and the wireless transceiver, respectively;

[0073] The wireless charging unit is configured to transmit radio frequency information to and from the tuning unit;

[0074] The intracranial electrode subcircuit and the intracranial microelectrode are electrically connected to the microelectrode selection switch respectively;

[0075] The sensor unit interface is electrically connected to the intracranial sensor unit;

[0076] The tuning unit, the wireless transceiver, and the sensor unit interface are respectively configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit and send feedback information for the control instructions to the control unit;

[0077] The intracranial electrode sub-circuit and the wireless charging unit are respectively configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit.

[0078] In one implementation, the serpentine routing of a single-turn coil can be implemented using Figure 5A , Figure 5B In the manner shown, there is no crossover of the single-turn coil using serpentine routing.

[0079] Reference Figure 5AAs shown, the serpentine routing of the single-turn coil may include a plurality of regular routing units, and the routing paths of each routing unit are consistent. The routing path of each routing unit includes a first line segment 51 extending from the inner circle to the outer circle, a second line segment 52 extending from the outer circle to the inner circle, and a third line segment 53 connecting the first line segment 51 and the second line segment 52. The first line segment 51, the second line segment 52, and the third line segment 53 may also form a "Z" shape or a "W" shape.

[0080] Reference Figure 5B The serpentine routing of a single-turn coil may include a plurality of irregular routing units, and the routing paths of each routing unit may be consistent or inconsistent. The routing path of each routing unit is an irregular, non-intersecting turning path from the outer circle to the inner circle.

[0081] For the second wireless charging communication coil, the larger the wireless charging coil is, the greater the magnetic flux passing through it is, which is more conducive to improving the wireless charging energy. Figure 4 , Figure 5A , Figure 5B and other similar bayfront structures, can be fully deployed.

[0082] In this embodiment, the support circuit is an integrated circuit and can be integrated into a chip. The second wireless charging coil is attached and fixed to the side of the support net, the coil cross section is substantially parallel to the pipeline axis of the support net, the coil cross section is a curved surface and the shape is adapted to the side of the pipeline of the support net, which is an elliptical or rectangular curved surface. The intracranial microelectrodes are arranged outside the second wireless charging coil and distributed around the second wireless charging coil. The intracranial sensor unit and the support circuit are arranged inside the second wireless charging coil.

[0083] In a specific example, the structure of the expandable vascular stent is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. In the embodiment of the present application, the stent mesh 61 is a mesh pipe structure and is also an expandable support structure. The stent mesh 61 is generally made of metal tantalum, medical stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, etc. Balloon dilatation can be used to expand the stent mesh 61 to a certain diameter value in the blood vessel and attach it to the blood vessel. A self-expanding structure stent mesh can also be used to expand itself in the blood vessel. The surgery and implantation process of the expandable vascular stent of the passive brain-computer interface system provided in the embodiment of the present application can be completely consistent with the vascular stent implantation method, without the need for craniotomy, etc. The stent mesh 61 is used to fix the intracranial microelectrode 62, the second wireless charging coil 63, the intracranial sensor unit 64 and the stent circuit 65, and is the main structure of the expandable vascular stent of the passive brain-computer interface system.

[0084] In one embodiment, the intracranial electrode subcircuit includes: an EEG acquisition function subcircuit;

[0085] The EEG acquisition function subcircuit is connected to the microelectrode selection switch, and is used to obtain brain electrophysiological signals when the microelectrode selection switch selects the EEG acquisition function subcircuit. It is configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit and send feedback information for the control instructions to the control unit.

[0086] In one embodiment, the intracranial electrode subcircuit includes: a neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit;

[0087] The neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit is connected to the microelectrode selection switch, and is used to provide constant current electrical pulse stimulation when the microelectrode selection switch selects the neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit, and is configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit.

[0088] Figure 7 The figure shows a structural framework diagram of a stent circuit composition of an example of the present application. In order to achieve full miniaturization, the stent circuit adopts an integrated circuit SoC (System on Chip), and the integrated units include: microelectrode selection switch, EEG acquisition functional subcircuit, neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit, control unit, wireless transceiver, wireless charging unit, tuning unit and sensor unit interface.

[0089] In one implementation, the wireless transceiver includes: a radio frequency source and a power amplifier (PA); the tuning unit includes: an impedance measurement unit, an adjustable impedance matching network and an impedance calculation processor.

[0090] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a tuning unit and a wireless transceiver circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, RF signals are sent to each other between the RF source and the power amplifier, between the power amplifier and the impedance measurement unit, between the impedance measurement unit and the adjustable impedance matching network, between the adjustable impedance matching network and the wireless charging and communication coil, and between the impedance measurement unit and the impedance calculation processor; the impedance calculation processor is configured to send instructions to the adjustable impedance matching network.

[0091] An example of a connection between the impedance calculation processor and the impedance measurement unit is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, the impedance measurement unit can be a detection capacitor. After the vector signals V1 and V2 at both ends of the detection capacitor pass through the attenuator and the down-conversion module, they are sampled by the impedance calculation processor to calculate the wireless charging and wireless charging coil impedances.

[0092] In one embodiment, the impedance calculation processor includes an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor; the impedance measurement unit includes: a detection capacitor, an attenuator and a down-conversion module;

[0093] The detection capacitor is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal to and from the power amplifier;

[0094] The attenuator is configured to transmit radio frequency signals to and from the two ends of the detection capacitor and the two ends of the down-conversion module respectively;

[0095] The down-conversion module is configured with two ends respectively transmitting intermediate frequency signals to and from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0096] In one embodiment, the adjustable impedance matching network includes i first network units, i second network units, a first inductor, and a second inductor, where i is a positive integer;

[0097] Each first network unit includes a first adjustable capacitor, a second adjustable capacitor, and a MOS switch subunit, and the first adjustable capacitor, the MOS switch subunit, and the second adjustable capacitor are connected in sequence;

[0098] Each second network unit includes a third adjustable capacitor, a fourth adjustable capacitor, and a MOS switch subunit, and the third adjustable capacitor, the MOS switch subunit, and the fourth adjustable capacitor are connected in sequence;

[0099] The parallel sub-circuits of i first network units, the first inductor, the parallel sub-circuits of i second network units, the second inductor, and the parallel sub-circuits of i first network units are connected in sequence to form a closed loop circuit;

[0100] Two ends of the parallel sub-circuit of the i first network units constitute a radio frequency signal transceiver;

[0101] The parallel sub-circuits of the i second network units constitute a radio frequency signal transceiver.

[0102] In one embodiment, the MOS switch subunit includes: a first MOS switch, a second MOS switch;

[0103] The control ends of the first MOS switch and the second MOS switch are connected to form a common control end, and are closed or opened at the same time.

[0104] like Fig.10 The figure shows an example of an adjustable impedance matching network. The adjustable impedance matching network can adjust the parameters of the T-type matching network by controlling the access of the adjustable capacitor to achieve antenna impedance matching. This structure can be implemented in the chip. Fig.10, the adjustable impedance matching network includes i first network units and i second network units, i is a positive integer. The nth first network unit includes adjustable capacitors Cn1 and Cn2. Cn1, MOS switch subunits 123, and Cn2 are connected in sequence. The nth second network unit includes adjustable capacitors Cn1' and Cn2'. Cn1', MOS switch subunits 123, and Cn2' are connected in sequence. The MOS switch subunit includes: a first MOS switch 121, a second MOS switch 122, and the control ends of the first MOS switch 121 and the second MOS switch 122 are connected to form a common control end SWn or SWn', which are closed and opened at the same time. The parallel subcircuits of the i first network units, the first inductor L1, the parallel subcircuits of the i second network units, the second inductor L2, and the parallel subcircuits of the i first network units are connected in sequence to form a closed-loop circuit. The two ends of the parallel subcircuit of i first network units constitute a radio frequency signal transceiver; the parallel subcircuit of i second network units constitutes a radio frequency signal transceiver; n is a positive integer greater than 0 and less than i.

[0105] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are combinations of elements and features of the present application. Unless otherwise mentioned, the elements or features may be considered as optional. Each element or feature may be put into practice without being combined with other elements or features. In addition, the embodiments of the present application may be constructed by combining some elements and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present application may be rearranged. Some constructions of any one embodiment may be included in another embodiment, and may be replaced by the corresponding construction of another embodiment. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that claims that do not have a clear reference relationship to each other in the attached claims may be combined with the embodiments of this application, or may be included as new claims in the amendment after submitting this application.

[0106] In a firmware or software configuration, the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in the form of modules, processes, functions, etc. The software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit is located inside or outside the processor and may send data to and receive data from the processor via various known means.

[0107] Various aspects of the system described herein may be implemented as functions programmed into any of a variety of circuits, including programmable logic devices (PLDs), such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable array logic (PAL) devices, electronic programmable logic and storage devices, standard cell-based devices, and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Some other possibilities for implementing these aspects of the system include: microcontrollers with memory, such as electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), embedded microprocessors, firmware, software, etc. In addition, these aspects of the system may be embodied in microprocessors with software-based circuit simulation, discrete logic (sequential and combinational), custom devices, fuzzy (neural) logic, quantum devices, and combinations of any of the above various device types. Of course, the underlying device technology may be provided in a variety of component types, such as metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) technology such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), bipolar technology such as emitter coupled logic (ECL), polymer technology (e.g., silicon conjugated polymer and metal conjugated polymer metal structure), hybrid analog and digital, etc.

[0108] The various functions or processes disclosed herein may be described as data and / or instructions embodied in various computer-readable media in terms of their behavior, register transfers, logic components, transistors, geometric layouts, and / or other characteristics. Computer-readable media that may contain such formatted data and / or instructions include, but are not limited to, various forms of non-volatile storage media (e.g., optical, magnetic, or semiconductor storage media) and carrier waves, which may be used to transmit such formatted data and / or instructions via wireless, optical, or wired signal media, or any combination thereof. When received in any of a variety of circuits (e.g., computers), such data and / or instructions may be processed by a processing entity (e.g., one or more processors).

[0109] The above description of the illustrated embodiments of the systems and methods is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the systems and methods to the precise forms disclosed. Although specific embodiments and examples of the system components and methods are described herein for illustrative purposes, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various equivalent modifications may be made within the scope of the systems, components, and methods. The teachings of the systems and methods provided herein may be applied to other processing systems and methods, not just to the above-described systems and methods.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit or scope of the broad description of the present application, various changes and / or modifications may be made to the present application shown in the specific embodiments. Therefore, the present embodiment will be considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. In addition, the present application includes any combination of features described for different embodiments (including features in the abstract section), even if the feature or combination of features is not clearly defined in the claims or the detailed description of the present embodiment.

[0111] Generally, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to limit the systems and methods to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all processing systems that operate under the claims. Therefore, the systems and methods are not limited by the present disclosure, but rather the scope of the systems and methods is determined entirely by the claims.

[0112] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "include", "including", "comprising", etc. should be interpreted in an inclusive sense and not in an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to". Words using the singular or plural number also include the singular or plural number, respectively. In addition, "herein", "herein below", "above", "hereafter" and words of similar meaning refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular part of this application. When the word "or" is used in a list involving two or more items, the word "or" includes all of the following interpretations of the word: any item in the list, all items in the list, and any combination of items in the list.

[0113] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent, comprising: At least one expandable vascular stent, a charging module, a brain signal receiving module, and a brain signal analyzing module; Wherein, the expandable vascular stent comprises: a stent net, an intracranial physiological signal detection module, a wireless charging module, a wireless communication module, and a stent circuit; The stent net is an expandable support frame; the intracranial physiological signal detection module, the wireless charging module, the wireless communication module, and the stent circuit are fixedly arranged on the stent net, and when the stent net is expanded and contacts the blood vessel wall, the intracranial physiological signal detection module is used to obtain intracranial physiological signals; The wireless charging module is used to receive the wireless charging signal sent by the charging module, and provide a power supply signal according to the wireless charging signal; The support circuit is electrically connected to the intracranial physiological signal detection module and is used to generate a brain signal for analyzing a brain state according to the brain physiological signal obtained by the intracranial physiological signal detection module; The wireless communication module is used to send the brain signal to the brain signal receiving module; The brain signal receiving module is used to send the received brain signal to the brain signal analyzing module; The brain signal analysis module is used to obtain analysis results based on the brain signal.

2. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 1, wherein: The wireless charging module, the wireless communication module and the bracket circuit are arranged outside the bracket network.

3. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The charging module includes a first wireless charging coil; the first wireless charging coil is arranged in a charging contact element of the head-mounted fixing belt; the wireless charging module includes a second wireless charging coil fixed on the bracket net; The charging module uses the first wireless charging coil to send a wireless charging signal to the second wireless charging coil; The wireless charging module receives the wireless charging signal using the second wireless charging coil.

4. The passive brain-computer interface system based on vascular stent according to claim 3, wherein: The support net is in the shape of a pipe on the net surface; the normal direction of the second wireless charging coil is perpendicular to the axial direction of the support net; The charging contact element has a flexible contact surface, and a coil cross-section of the first wireless charging coil is adapted to the flexible contact surface.

5. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 1, further comprising: An in vitro physiological signal detection module, used for obtaining an in vitro physiological signal and generating an in vitro signal according to the in vitro physiological signal; The brain signal analysis module is also used to obtain analysis results for brain detection based on the external signal and the brain signal.

6. The passive brain-computer interface system based on vascular stent according to claim 1, wherein: The brain signal analysis module includes a plurality of intracranial microelectrodes; the brain physiological signal includes an electroencephalographic physiological signal; And / or, the brain signal analysis module includes at least one intracranial sensor unit; the brain physiological signal includes an intracranial pressure physiological signal.

7. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 6, wherein: In the case where the brain signal analysis module includes a plurality of intracranial microelectrodes and at least one intracranial sensor unit, the support circuit includes: a tuning unit, a wireless transceiver, a control unit, an intracranial electrode subcircuit, a microelectrode selection switch, a wireless charging unit, and a sensor unit interface; The tuning unit is configured to transmit radio frequency information to and from the wireless charging and wireless communication coil and the wireless transceiver respectively; The wireless charging unit is configured to transmit radio frequency information to and from the tuning unit; The intracranial electrode subcircuit and the intracranial microelectrode are electrically connected to the microelectrode selection switch respectively; The sensor unit interface is electrically connected to the intracranial sensor unit; The tuning unit, the wireless transceiver, and the sensor unit interface are respectively configured to receive a control instruction sent by the control unit and send feedback information for the control instruction to the control unit; The intracranial electrode sub-circuit and the wireless charging unit are respectively configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit.

8. The passive brain-computer interface system based on vascular stent according to claim 7, wherein: The intracranial electrode subcircuit comprises: an EEG acquisition function subcircuit; The EEG acquisition function subcircuit is connected to the microelectrode selection switch, and is used to obtain brain electrophysiological signals when the microelectrode selection switch selects the EEG acquisition function subcircuit. It is configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit and send feedback information regarding the control instructions to the control unit.

9. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The intracranial electrode subcircuit comprises: a neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit; The neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit is connected to the microelectrode selection switch, and is used to provide constant current electrical pulse stimulation when the microelectrode selection switch selects the neural electrical stimulation functional subcircuit, and is configured to receive control instructions sent by the control unit.

10. The passive brain-computer interface system based on vascular stent according to claim 9, wherein: The wireless transceiver includes: a radio frequency source and a power amplifier; the tuning unit includes: an impedance measurement unit, an adjustable impedance matching network and an impedance calculation processor; Radio frequency signals are transmitted mutually between the radio frequency source and the power amplifier, between the power amplifier and the impedance measurement unit, between the impedance measurement unit and the adjustable impedance matching network, between the adjustable impedance matching network and the wireless charging and communication coil, and between the impedance measurement unit and the impedance calculation processor; The impedance calculation processor is configured to send instructions to the adjustable impedance matching network.

11. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 10, wherein: The impedance calculation processor includes an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor; the impedance measurement unit includes: a detection capacitor, an attenuator and a down-conversion module; The detection capacitor is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal to and from the power amplifier; The attenuator is configured to transmit radio frequency signals to and from two ends of the detection capacitor and two ends of the down-conversion module respectively; The down-conversion module is configured with two ends thereof respectively transmitting intermediate frequency signals to and from the analog-to-digital converter.

12. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 11, wherein: The adjustable impedance matching network includes i first network units, i second network units, a first inductor, and a second inductor, where i is a positive integer; Each first network unit includes a first adjustable capacitor, a second adjustable capacitor, and a MOS switch subunit, and the first adjustable capacitor, the MOS switch subunit, and the second adjustable capacitor are connected in sequence; Each second network unit includes a third adjustable capacitor, a fourth adjustable capacitor, and a MOS switch subunit, and the third adjustable capacitor, the MOS switch subunit, and the fourth adjustable capacitor are connected in sequence; The parallel sub-circuits of i first network units, the first inductor, the parallel sub-circuits of i second network units, the second inductor, and the parallel sub-circuits of i first network units are connected in sequence to form a closed loop circuit; The two ends of the parallel sub-circuit of the i first network units constitute a radio frequency signal transceiver; The parallel sub-circuits of the i second network units constitute a radio frequency signal transceiver.

13. The passive brain-computer interface system based on a vascular stent according to claim 12, wherein: The MOS switch subunit includes: a first MOS switch and a second MOS switch; The control ends of the first MOS switch and the second MOS switch are connected to form a common control end, and are closed or opened at the same time.

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