Remote wire diameter tester based on pulse rays

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays, and relates to the technical field of wire diameter measurement. In order to solve the problem that inconvenience is brought to maintenance operation due to error or missing of wire diameter information of a wire, the long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays is developed. A circuit and a system of a long-distance lead diameter tester based on pulse rays are designed by utilizing an internet of things method and a geometric principle. Through the integrated design, the three distance measuring sensors are arranged on the sliding guide rail, so that field personnel can conveniently adjust, measure and carry. Through field test of a transformer substation, measured data are consistent with data recorded by a machine account, and a measurement result shows that the designed long-distance wire tester based on the pulse rays meets the requirement for rapidly, safely and accurately measuring the wire diameter of a field wire, so that the field overhaul operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wire diameter measurement, and relates to a long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale construction of power grids, the length of transmission line loops has increased rapidly, and the amount of line ledger data is huge. When manually entering line ledger information, it is easy to cause errors in line information entry or inadequate updates, and on-site operators cannot obtain ledger information in a timely manner. For old equipment lines, the ledger information is missing, resulting in the inability of on-site maintenance personnel in power transmission and transformation operations to timely grasp the line diameter, specifications and distance from the ground, which brings inconvenience to maintenance work.

[0003] At present, there are two methods for measuring the diameter of transmission lines: power-off measurement and live measurement. The power-off measurement method is that during the power outage maintenance of the transmission and transformation equipment, the staff climbs the tower and measures the conductor diameter with a handheld vernier caliper at high altitude or through a conductor clamp connected to the top of the insulating operating rod. The live measurement method uses an unmanned vehicle equipped with a visible light camera to measure the conductor diameter through machine vision measurement technology. The power-off measurement method requires waiting for the planned power outage time period to measure, which has low timeliness and there are safety hazards when people climb the tower. For old substations, the equipment is densely distributed and drones cannot pass through the equipment area for measurement.

[0004] In summary, in order to address the problems of poor timeliness, low safety and insufficient convenience of existing transmission line diameter measurement methods, the present invention provides a long-distance conductor diameter tester based on pulse rays. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays. Through multiple groups of pulse ray measurements, the wire diameter and the height from the ground are obtained, so as to achieve fast, convenient and safe measurement of the wire diameter, and ensure that on-site maintenance work is carried out safely and efficiently. The present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: The present invention provides a long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays, including a substation overhead wire located above the power equipment, an inspection channel is provided under the wire, a sliding guide rail is installed on the ground below the overhead wire, and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor A, a laser pulse ray ranging sensor C and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are installed on the sliding guide rail in sequence; the laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B are used to detect both sides of the overhead wire to obtain h A and h b , when the data h measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B A and h bWhen the phase difference is within ±5 mm, the laser pulse ray distance sensor C is used to obtain the distance d between the laser pulse ray distance sensor A and the laser pulse ray distance sensor B, and h is obtained. A and h b The average value is the distance between the wire and the ground, and d is the diameter of the wire.

[0006] Preferably, the system architecture of the tester includes three parts: a perception layer, a network layer and an application layer; the perception layer includes a laser pulse ray ranging sensor A, a laser pulse ray ranging sensor B and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor C, and the three are connected to the main control unit through TTL communication; the network layer includes a 4G communication module and a 4G to Ethernet conversion, and the main control unit is connected to the 4G communication module through TTL communication; the 4G to Ethernet conversion will be connected through Ethernet and the system background of the application layer.

[0007] Preferably, the sensing layer is used for real-time distance detection, and includes three laser pulse ray ranging sensors and a control unit. The control unit collects the real-time distances of the three laser pulse ray ranging sensors through a serial data communication interface to provide data support for distance calculation. Network layer: The data transmission network is built. The main control unit of the perception layer transmits data to the 4G communication module through TTL communication. The 4G communication module transmits data to the Internet through the 4G to Ethernet communication module. The data collected by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor of the real-time distance detection transmission device completes two-way communication with the system background in a complex electromagnetic environment; Application layer: The monitoring system background can accurately calculate the diameter of the overhead wire, the height of the wire and other distance information based on the distance data collected on site. The system background can save the data and export the system report.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention designs and develops a long-distance wire tester based on pulse rays. The wire diameters of wires of different voltage levels are obtained through field investigations. According to the wire diameter range, the characteristics of different types of laser pulse ray ranging sensors are compared and analyzed. Laser pulse ray laser pulse ray ranging sensors are selected as sensors for measuring wire diameters. Based on the characteristics of long measurement distance and clear remote indication of pulse ray laser pulse ray ranging sensors, three laser pulse ray ranging sensors are designed based on geometric principles to measure the height of the wire from the ground and the wire diameter. The long-distance wire tester based on pulse rays was tested on site. The field test results show that the designed long-distance wire tester based on pulse rays meets the needs of fast, safe and accurate measurement of wire diameters of on-site wires, and improves the efficiency of on-site maintenance operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 It is the site diagram of overhead conductors of the substation of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the measuring method of the present invention; Figure 3 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the main control unit architecture of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the tester of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the embedded software flow chart of the main control unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the system background architecture of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a field application test diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0011] The accompanying drawing shows a specific embodiment of a pulse ray based long distance wire diameter tester of the present invention. The embodiment includes a substation overhead wire located above the power equipment, and an inspection channel is provided below the wire. Figure 1 In order to accurately measure the distance between the wire and the inspection channel and the wire diameter, the present invention uses multiple pulse rays to measure the wire, and obtains the distance between the wire and the ground and the wire diameter through geometric calculation. Figure 2 As shown, a sliding rail is installed on the ground below the overhead wire, and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor A, a laser pulse ray ranging sensor C and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are installed on the sliding rail in sequence; the laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B are used to detect both sides of the overhead wire to obtain h A and h b , when the data h measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B A and h bWhen the phase difference is within ±5 mm, the laser pulse ray distance sensor C is used to obtain the distance d between the laser pulse ray distance sensor A and the laser pulse ray distance sensor B, and h is obtained. A and h b The average value of is the distance between the wire and the ground, and d is the diameter of the wire. Through integrated design, three laser pulse ray ranging sensors are arranged on the sliding guide rail, which is convenient for on-site personnel to adjust, measure and carry.

[0012] The system architecture of the tester includes three parts: perception layer, network layer and application layer; the perception layer includes laser pulse ray ranging sensor A, laser pulse ray ranging sensor B and laser pulse ray ranging sensor C, and the three are connected to the main control unit through TTL communication; the network layer includes 4G communication module and 4G to Ethernet, and the main control unit is connected to the 4G communication module through TTL communication; 4G to Ethernet will be connected through Ethernet and the system background of the application layer.

[0013] Perception layer: used for real-time distance detection, including three laser pulse ray ranging sensors and a control unit. The control unit collects the real-time distance of the three laser pulse ray ranging sensors through a serial data communication interface to provide data support for distance calculation.

[0014] Network layer: Construction of data transmission network. The main control unit of the perception layer transmits data to the 4G communication module through TTL communication. The 4G communication module transmits data to the Internet through the 4G to Ethernet communication module. The data collected by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor of the real-time distance detection transmission device completes two-way communication with the system background in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0015] Application layer: The monitoring system background can accurately calculate the diameter of the overhead wire, the height of the wire and other distance information based on the distance data collected on site. The system background can save the data and export the system report.

[0016] The conductor is more than 40 meters above the ground. Conventional infrared ranging, ultrasonic ranging and other methods have insufficient effective measurement distance outdoors, and the layout is complicated, which is not convenient for measuring the diameter of the conductor. The laser pulse ray ranging sensor has an effective detection distance of more than 100 meters and is sensitive to silver-white materials outdoors. In this embodiment, the overhead conductor is an aluminum wire with a silver-gray color. The conductor diameter is shown in Table 1, and the conductor diameter is between 185 mm and 400 mm.

[0017] Table 1 Wire diameters of different voltage levels This embodiment uses a laser pulse ray ranging sensor to measure distance. Gallium arsenide laser diodes have the characteristics of high near-infrared repetition frequency and high peak power, and can measure long distances. Lasers that use semiconductor materials as laser working materials are called semiconductor lasers, and PN junction electric injection semiconductor lasers are also called laser diodes. Laser diodes use multiple PN junctions in series to emit pulsed rays, and use the phase ranging principle to measure the phase difference between the pulse being emitted and the pulse being transmitted in space, and measure the distance between the ranging instrument and the object being measured.

[0018] The laser pulse ray ranging sensor uses the PLS-K-100 sensor with a ranging range of 100 meters. Figure 3 The sensor is powered by 3.3V, has a TTL interface, a pulse light source wavelength of 635nm, a power of less than 1mW, supports single measurement and dynamic continuous measurement, and has a red laser indicator for easy on-site use.

[0019] To verify the measurement capability of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor, tests were conducted at different distances in an open outdoor location. A standard rangefinder was used to measure different distances in sections and compare the measured values ​​of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor. After the distance measurement test, the measurement error of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor meets the wire measurement application. The test data is shown in Table 2.

[0020] Table 2 Laser pulse ray ranging sensor test data table Number of tests 1 2 3 4 5 Measuring distance 10 meters 50 meters 100 meters 120m 150m Measurements 10.01m 49.99 m 100.02m 120.01m 150.01m The main control unit architecture is as follows Figure 5 As shown. The main control unit CPU uses STM32103FVET6, which is a 32-bit microprocessor controller with multiple serial communication interfaces, which is convenient for field data collection. The main control CPU obtains the ranging information of laser pulse ray ranging sensors A, B, and C through the serial data interface, and the main control CPU transmits the data to the 4G communication circuit through the serial data interface. The field main control unit is powered by a lithium battery, which is convenient for field use.

[0021] The structure design of long-distance wire tester based on pulse ray is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, a laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and a laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are installed by a sliding guide rail. By adjusting the distance of the guide rail, the distance between the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B is adjusted, so that the on-site personnel can manually adjust the laser pulse ray ranging sensor to test the wire diameter. When the measured distances of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are the same, the distance between the two sensors is the wire diameter, which is measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor C.

[0022] The main control unit STM32 system software is developed using the embedded integrated system development environment IAR Embedded Workbench, and the main program of the measurement process is designed using C language. The embedded software flow of the main control unit is as follows Figure 7 As shown, after the main control unit is powered on, the distance sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are started for measurement. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor is manually adjusted to align with the edges of both sides of the wire. The main control unit calculates the difference between the data of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B. When the difference error between the two is less than 5mm, the laser pulse ray ranging sensor C is started for measurement. The data measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are averaged to be the height of the wire from the ground, and the data measured by the sensor C is the wire diameter. The measurement data is transmitted to the system background. When the difference between the data of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B is not less than 5mm, the position of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor on the sliding guide rail is continued to be adjusted.

[0023] As attached Figure 8 As shown, the system background includes a parameter setting module, a data communication acquisition module and a data application module.

[0024] Parameter setting module: Set the listening port of the system background IP address, and start or stop data transmission.

[0025] Data communication acquisition module: number the laser pulse ray ranging sensor devices, develop communication protocols, collect distance data in real time, and establish a database to store the ranging data.

[0026] Data application module: real-time display and analysis of real-time measurement data.

[0027] This embodiment provides the results of a field installation application test conducted outdoors at a 220kV substation on March 5, 2024. The field test results are as follows: Fig. 9 shown.

[0028] The test related parameters are as follows: (1) Monitoring time: March 5, 2024, 10:00-10:30; (2) Meteorological parameters: temperature 13.1°C~13.5°C, humidity 50%~65%; (3) Test location: below the busbar of a 220kV substation.

[0029] The overhead wires were measured on site using a pulse ray-based long-distance conductor tester. The measured diameter of the 220kV conductor was 419.6mm, which was consistent with the data recorded in the ledger, verifying the accuracy of the pulse ray-based long-distance conductor tester.

Claims

1. A long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulsed rays, characterized in that: include The overhead wires of the substation are located above the power equipment, and an inspection channel is set under the wires. A sliding rail is installed on the ground below the overhead wires, and laser pulse ray ranging sensors A, C and B are installed on the sliding rails in sequence. Laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B are used to detect both sides of the overhead wires to obtain h A and h b , when the data h measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensors A and B A and h b When the phase difference is within ±5 mm, the laser pulse ray distance sensor C is used to obtain the distance d between the laser pulse ray distance sensor A and the laser pulse ray distance sensor B, and h is obtained. A and h b The average value is the distance between the wire and the ground, and d is the diameter of the wire.

2. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system architecture of the tester includes three parts: perception layer, network layer and application layer; the perception layer includes laser pulse ray ranging sensor A, laser pulse ray ranging sensor B and laser pulse ray ranging sensor C, and the three are connected to the main control unit through TTL communication; the network layer includes 4G communication module and 4G to Ethernet, and the main control unit is connected to the 4G communication module through TTL communication; 4G to Ethernet will be connected through Ethernet and the system background of the application layer.

3. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 2, characterized in that: Perception layer: used for real-time distance detection, including three laser pulse ray ranging sensors and a control unit. The control unit collects the real-time distance of the three laser pulse ray ranging sensors through a serial data communication interface to provide data support for distance calculation; Network layer: The data transmission network is built. The main control unit of the perception layer transmits data to the 4G communication module through TTL communication. The 4G communication module transmits data to the Internet through the 4G to Ethernet communication module. The data collected by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor of the real-time distance detection transmission device completes two-way communication with the system background in a complex electromagnetic environment; Application layer: The monitoring system background can accurately calculate the diameter of the overhead wire, the height of the wire and other distance information based on the distance data collected on site. The system background can save the data and export the system report.

4. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser pulse ray ranging sensor uses semiconductor materials as the laser working material of the laser. The laser diode uses multiple PN junctions in series to emit pulse rays. The phase ranging principle is used to measure the phase difference between the pulse being emitted and the pulse being transmitted in space, and the distance between the ranging instrument and the object being measured is measured.

5. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser pulse ray ranging sensor uses the PLS-K-100 sensor with a ranging range of 100 meters. The sensor is powered by 3.3V, has a TTL interface, a pulse light source wavelength of 635nm, a power of less than 1mW, supports single measurement and dynamic continuous measurement, and has a red laser indicator.

6. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main control unit CPU adopts STM32103FVET6, which is a 32-bit microprocessor controller with multiple serial communication interfaces; the main control CPU obtains the ranging information of laser pulse ray ranging sensors A, B, and C through the serial data interface, and the main control CPU transmits the data to the 4G communication circuit through the serial data interface; the main control unit is powered by a lithium battery.

7. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 2, characterized in that: The embedded software process of the main control unit includes: after the main control unit is powered on, the distance sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are started to measure, and the laser emitted by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor is manually adjusted to align with the edges of both sides of the wire. The main control unit calculates the difference between the data of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B. When the difference error between the two is less than 5mm, the laser pulse ray ranging sensor C is started to measure. The data measured by the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B are averaged to be the height of the wire from the ground, and the data measured by the sensor C is the wire diameter of the wire; the measurement data is transmitted to the system background; when the difference between the data of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor A and the laser pulse ray ranging sensor B is not less than 5mm, the position of the laser pulse ray ranging sensor on the sliding guide rail is continued to be adjusted.

8. The long-distance wire diameter tester based on pulse rays according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system backend includes parameter setting module, data communication acquisition module and data application module; Parameter setting module: set the listening port of the system background IP address, and start or stop data transmission; Data communication acquisition module: number the laser pulse ray ranging sensor devices, develop communication protocols, collect distance data in real time, and establish a database to store the ranging data; Data application module: real-time display and analysis of real-time measurement data.

Images